Digital measurement system and method for high-power microwave phase

Abstract

The invention discloses a digital measurement system and method for a high-power microwave phase, which solve the problems of low integration degree and weak real-time phase discrimination capability of the traditional high-power microwave phase measurement method, and specifically comprises a radio frequency simulation module and a digital phase discrimination module, the radio frequency simulation module comprises a first frequency mixer, a second frequency mixer and a first local crystal oscillator; the first mixer is used for receiving continuous reference signals; the second mixer is used for receiving a to-be-measured high-power microwave pulse signal; the first local crystal oscillator is used for sending down-conversion local oscillator signals to the first frequency mixer and the second frequency mixer, so that the first frequency mixer sends intermediate frequency reference analog signals to the digital phase discrimination module, and the second frequency mixer sends high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signals to the digital phase discrimination module; and the digital phase discrimination module is used for converting the intermediate frequency reference analog signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal into corresponding digital signals so as to calculate the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a phase measurement system and method, and in particular to a digital measurement system and method for high-power microwave phase. Background Art

[0002] Phase is a basic parameter of high-power microwaves. Accurate measurement of the phase of high-power microwave pulse signals is a prerequisite for subsequent synthesis.

[0003] Traditional high-power microwave phase measurement methods mainly include oscilloscope time domain waveform method and microwave phase detection method. The oscilloscope time domain waveform method has high requirements on the oscilloscope sampling rate, low integration and weak real-time phase detection capability; the microwave phase detection method requires special phase detector design for signals in different frequency bands, but the design of high-frequency phase detector is more difficult. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems of low integration degree, weak real-time phase detection capability and difficulty in phase detection of high-frequency high-power microwave signals in traditional high-power microwave phase measurement methods, and to provide a digital measurement system and method for high-power microwave phase.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase, which is special in that it includes a radio frequency analog module and a digital phase detection module;

[0007] The radio frequency analog module includes a first mixer, a second mixer and a first local crystal oscillator;

[0008] The first input end of the first mixer is used to receive a continuous reference signal, and the output end thereof is connected to a digital phase detection module;

[0009] The first input end of the second mixer is used to receive the high-power microwave pulse signal to be tested, and the output end thereof is connected to the digital phase detection module;

[0010] The first local crystal oscillator is connected to the second input terminals of the first mixer and the second mixer respectively through a frequency synthesizer, and is used to send a down-converted local oscillator signal to the first mixer and the second mixer, so that the first mixer down-converts the continuous reference signal into an intermediate frequency reference analog signal and sends it to the digital phase detection module, and the second mixer down-converts the high-power microwave pulse signal to be tested into a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal and sends it to the digital phase detection module;

[0011] The digital phase detection module is used to convert the intermediate frequency reference analog signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal into corresponding digital signals to calculate the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured.

[0012] Further, the digital phase detection module includes a first A / D converter, a second A / D converter, a second local crystal oscillator and a digital calculation unit;

[0013] The first input terminal of the first A / D converter is connected to the output terminal of the first mixer;

[0014] The first input terminal of the second A / D converter is connected to the output terminal of the second mixer;

[0015] The second local crystal oscillator is connected to the second input terminals of the first A / D converter and the second A / D converter respectively, and is used to provide a sampling clock to the first A / D converter and the second A / D converter, so that the first A / D converter converts the intermediate frequency reference analog signal into an intermediate frequency reference digital signal and sends it to the digital calculation unit, and the second A / D converter converts the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal into a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal and sends it to the digital calculation unit;

[0016] The digital calculation unit is used to calculate the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured through the intermediate frequency reference digital signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal.

[0017] Furthermore, the radio frequency analog module also includes a first narrowband filter, a low noise amplifier and a second narrowband filter;

[0018] The first narrowband filter is arranged at the first input end of the first mixer, and is used for filtering the continuous reference signal;

[0019] The low noise amplifier is arranged between the first narrowband filter and the first mixer, and is used to amplify the continuous reference signal after filtering; the second narrowband filter is arranged at the first input end of the second mixer, and is used to filter the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured.

[0020] Further, the first mixer is connected to the first A / D converter via the first RF connector and the third RF connector;

[0021] The second mixer is connected to the second A / D converter through the second RF connector and the fourth RF connector.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a signal transmission module;

[0023] The signal transmission module is connected to the output end of the digital calculation unit to output its calculation result.

[0024] A digital measurement method for high-power microwave phase, using the above-mentioned digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase, is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Receive a continuous reference signal and a high-power microwave pulse signal to be tested simultaneously through a radio frequency analog module, and convert the two into an intermediate frequency reference analog signal and a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal respectively, and send them to a digital phase detection module;

[0026] Step 2: Convert the intermediate frequency reference analog signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal into an intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] and a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal s[n] through a digital phase detector module;

[0027] Step 3, calculating the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured by using the intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal s[n];

[0028] 3.1、Calculate the in-phase sequence I of the intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] r [n] and orthogonal sequence Q r [n];

[0029] Calculation of the in-phase sequence I of the intermediate frequency digital signal s[n] of high power microwave pulse s [n] and orthogonal sequence Q s [n];

[0030] 3.2. Through the in-phase sequence I r [n], orthogonal sequence Q r [n], in-phase sequence I s [n] and orthogonal sequence Q s [n] Calculate the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured

[0031]

[0032] Where angle is the phase operation and j is the imaginary unit.

[0033] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0034] 1. The digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase provided by the present invention sets the radio frequency analog module and the digital phase detection module together, so that the entire phase measurement system has a high degree of integration and has a strong real-time phase detection capability.

[0035] 2. The digital measurement system for the high-power microwave phase provided by the present invention sends a down-converted local oscillator signal to the first mixer and the second mixer through the first local crystal oscillator, changes the down-converted local oscillator frequency of the continuous reference signal and the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured, and does not change other parts, thereby completing the phase measurement of high-power microwave signals in different frequency bands including the high-frequency band, and has strong adaptability.

[0036] 3. The digital measurement system and method of high-power microwave phase provided by the present invention can simultaneously provide the phase sequence and envelope sequence of the high-power microwave pulse signal, and can extract various characteristic information such as pulse width and repetition frequency from the envelope sequence, which is beneficial to the state judgment, feedback control and synthesis efficiency improvement of high-power microwaves.

[0037] 4. The digital measurement system and method of high-power microwave phase provided by the present invention converts the continuous reference signal and the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured into digital signals respectively through a digital phase detection module. The relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio of the digital signal and the phase measurement accuracy is determined, which provides a reference basis for the estimation of phase measurement accuracy and the control of the signal-to-noise ratio. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a radio frequency simulation module in an embodiment of a digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of a digital phase detection module in an embodiment of a digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention provides a digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the digital measurement system includes a radio frequency analog module, a digital phase detection module and a signal transmission module;

[0042] The radio frequency analog module includes a first mixer, a second mixer, a first local crystal oscillator, a first narrowband filter, a low noise amplifier and a second narrowband filter; the first input end of the first mixer is used to receive a continuous reference signal, whose frequency is f0, and the output end of the first mixer is connected to the digital phase detection module through the first radio frequency connector and the third radio frequency connector; the first input end of the second mixer is used to receive a high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured, whose frequency is f0, and the output end of the second mixer is connected to the digital phase detection module through the second radio frequency connector and the fourth radio frequency connector; the first local crystal oscillator is connected to the digital phase detection module through the frequency synthesizer The synthesizer is connected to the second input end of the first mixer and the second mixer respectively, and is used to send a down-converted local oscillator signal to the first mixer and the second mixer, so that the first mixer down-converts the continuous reference signal into an intermediate frequency reference analog signal (frequency is f) and sends it to the digital phase detection module, and the second mixer down-converts the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured into a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal (frequency is f) and sends it to the digital phase detection module; the digital phase detection module is used to convert the intermediate frequency reference analog signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal into corresponding digital signals to calculate the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured. The first narrowband filter is set at the first input end of the first mixer, and is used to filter the continuous reference signal; the low noise amplifier is set between the first narrowband filter and the first mixer, and is used to amplify the continuous reference signal after filtering. The second narrowband filter is set at the first input end of the second mixer, and is used to filter the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured.

[0043] In this way, the radio frequency analog module has two independent channels, namely channel 1 (the input end of the first mixer) and channel 2 (the input end of the second mixer), and channel 1 and channel 2 receive the continuous reference signal and the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured respectively. The setting of the first narrowband filter, the low-noise amplifier and the second narrowband filter can correspondingly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the continuous reference signal and the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured, and filter out the interference of the out-of-band signal on the phase measurement. The first local crystal oscillator and the frequency synthesizer generate a down-converted local oscillator signal, and the continuous reference signal and the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured are continuously down-converted into an intermediate frequency reference analog signal and a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal with a frequency of f through the first mixer and the second mixer respectively, and are transmitted to the digital phase detection module through the corresponding radio frequency connectors.

[0044] The digital phase detection module includes a first A / D converter, a second A / D converter, a second local crystal oscillator and a digital calculation unit; the first input end of the first A / D converter is connected to the output end of the first mixer through a first radio frequency connector and a third radio frequency connector; the first input end of the second A / D converter is connected to the output end of the second mixer through a second radio frequency connector and a fourth radio frequency connector; the second local crystal oscillator is respectively connected to the second input ends of the first A / D converter and the second A / D converter, and is used to provide a sampling clock to the first A / D converter and the second A / D converter, so that the first A / D converter converts an intermediate frequency reference analog signal into an intermediate frequency reference digital signal and sends it to the digital calculation unit, and the second A / D converter converts a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal into a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal and sends it to the digital calculation unit; the digital calculation unit is used to calculate the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured through the intermediate frequency reference digital signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal.

[0045] The second local crystal oscillator provides a sampling clock for the first A / D converter and the second A / D converter. The first A / D converter and the second A / D converter convert the intermediate frequency reference analog signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal input to the first A / D converter and the second A / D converter into an intermediate frequency reference digital signal with a frequency of f and a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal.

[0046] In the digital calculation unit of the digital phase detector module, the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal is recorded as s[n]:

[0047] s[n]=Re[z[n]e j2πfnT ]=I s [n]cos(2πfnT)-Q s [n]sin(2πfnT) (1)

[0048] in, z[n] is the complex signal with intermediate frequency 0 after down-conversion of s[n], I s [n] and Q s [n] are the real and imaginary parts of z[n], g[n] and are the envelope and phase of z[n] respectively, f is the center frequency of the signal, and j is the imaginary unit.

[0049] The high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal s[n] is digitally mixed according to equations (2) and (3) to obtain the in-phase output S after signal coherent detection. I [n] and its orthogonal output S Q [n]:

[0050]

[0051] The S is filtered out by a low-pass digital filterI [n] and S Q The high-frequency components in [n] are used to obtain the in-phase sequence I of the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal s[n] s [n] and orthogonal sequence Q s [n].

[0052] Performing the same operation as above on the intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] can obtain the in-phase sequence I of the intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n]. r [n] and orthogonal sequence Q r [n].

[0053] Furthermore, through equations (4) and (5), the phase detection sequence of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured can be calculated: And the envelope sequence g[n]:

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] in,

[0057] Note that even if the crystal oscillator frequencies of the first local crystal oscillator and the second local crystal oscillator have a slight deviation from the ideal frequency, since the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured and the reference signal are of the same frequency, the phase drift of the two signals caused by this frequency deviation is the same. Then, through formula (4), the phase drift of the two signals caused by the crystal oscillator frequency deviation is offset, and the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured can be accurately measured.

[0058] In addition, the pulse width, repetition frequency and other information of the high-power microwave signal can be extracted from the high-power microwave envelope sequence. This information helps to determine whether the high-power microwave signal is normal, and helps to feedback control the delay and phase of the high-power microwave signal, thereby improving the synthesis efficiency.

[0059] The following is the error analysis of digital phase measurement. s [n] and I s The observation sequences of [n] are shown in equations (6) and (7), respectively.

[0060]

[0061] Where n Q [n]、n I [n] is Q s [n] and I s The observation errors of [n] are independent of each other and both have a mean of 0 and a variance of σ 2Gaussian distribution, then under this noise condition, the signal-to-noise ratio of the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal s[n] is By Q [n]、n I [n] caused by The estimation error of is shown in formula (8):

[0062]

[0063] in,

[0064]

[0065] but:

[0066]

[0067] From formula (11), we can get:

[0068]

[0069] Right now

[0070]

[0071] Similarly, the signal-to-noise ratio of the intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] is SNR r Under the conditions, The observation noise variance of is:

[0072]

[0073] According to formula (4), the phase discrimination uncertainty caused by the two types of observation noise is:

[0074]

[0075] Formula (15) gives the relationship between the phase detection error and the intermediate frequency reference digital signal and the signal-to-noise ratio of the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal. Based on this, the phase detection accuracy can be estimated or the lower limit of the intermediate frequency digital signal signal-to-noise ratio can be inferred according to the phase detection accuracy requirements.

[0076] The measurement is performed using the above-mentioned digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0077] Step 1: Receive a continuous reference signal and a high-power microwave pulse signal to be tested simultaneously through a radio frequency analog module, and convert the two into an intermediate frequency reference analog signal and a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal respectively, and send them to a digital phase detection module;

[0078] Step 2: Convert the intermediate frequency reference analog signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal into an intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] and a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal s[n] through a digital phase detector module;

[0079] Step 3, calculating the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured by using the intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal s[n];

[0080] 3.1、Calculate the in-phase sequence I of the intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] r [n] and orthogonal sequence Q r [n];

[0081] Calculation of the in-phase sequence I of the intermediate frequency digital signal s[n] of high power microwave pulse s [n] and orthogonal sequence Q s [n];

[0082] 3.2. Through the in-phase sequence I r [n], orthogonal sequence Q r [n], in-phase sequence I s [n] and Q s [n]Q s [n] Calculate the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured:

[0083]

[0084] Where angle is the phase operation and j is the imaginary unit.

[0085] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase, characterized in that: Including radio frequency analog module and digital phase detection module; The radio frequency analog module includes a first mixer, a second mixer and a first local crystal oscillator; The first input end of the first mixer is used to receive a continuous reference signal, and the output end thereof is connected to a digital phase detection module; The first input end of the second mixer is used to receive the high-power microwave pulse signal to be tested, and the output end thereof is connected to the digital phase detection module; The first local crystal oscillator is connected to the second input terminals of the first mixer and the second mixer respectively through a frequency synthesizer, and is used to send a down-converted local oscillator signal to the first mixer and the second mixer, so that the first mixer down-converts the continuous reference signal into an intermediate frequency reference analog signal and sends it to the digital phase detection module, and the second mixer down-converts the high-power microwave pulse signal to be tested into a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal and sends it to the digital phase detection module; The digital phase detection module is used to convert the intermediate frequency reference analog signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal into corresponding digital signals to calculate the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured.

2. The digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital phase detection module includes a first A / D converter, a second A / D converter, a second local crystal oscillator and a digital calculation unit; The first input terminal of the first A / D converter is connected to the output terminal of the first mixer; The first input terminal of the second A / D converter is connected to the output terminal of the second mixer; The second local crystal oscillator is connected to the second input terminals of the first A / D converter and the second A / D converter respectively, and is used to provide a sampling clock to the first A / D converter and the second A / D converter, so that the first A / D converter converts the intermediate frequency reference analog signal into an intermediate frequency reference digital signal and sends it to the digital calculation unit, and the second A / D converter converts the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal into a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal and sends it to the digital calculation unit; The digital calculation unit is used to calculate the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured through the intermediate frequency reference digital signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal.

3. The digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radio frequency analog module also includes a first narrowband filter, a low noise amplifier and a second narrowband filter; The first narrowband filter is arranged at the first input end of the first mixer, and is used for filtering the continuous reference signal; The low noise amplifier is arranged between the first narrowband filter and the first mixer, and is used to amplify the continuous reference signal after filtering; the second narrowband filter is arranged at the first input end of the second mixer, and is used to filter the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured.

4. The digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first mixer is connected to the first A / D converter via the first RF connector and the third RF connector; The second mixer is connected to the second A / D converter through the second RF connector and the fourth RF connector.

5. The digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes a signal transmission module; The signal transmission module is connected to the output end of the digital calculation unit to output its calculation result.

6. A digital measurement method for high-power microwave phase, using the digital measurement system for high-power microwave phase according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Receive a continuous reference signal and a high-power microwave pulse signal to be tested simultaneously through a radio frequency analog module, and convert the two into an intermediate frequency reference analog signal and a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal respectively, and send them to a digital phase detection module; Step 2: Convert the intermediate frequency reference analog signal and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency analog signal into an intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] and a high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal s[n] through a digital phase detector module; Step 3, calculating the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured by using the intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] and the high-power microwave pulse intermediate frequency digital signal s[n]; 3.1、Calculate the in-phase sequence I of the intermediate frequency reference digital signal r[n] r [n] and orthogonal sequence Q r [n]; Calculation of the in-phase sequence I of the intermediate frequency digital signal s[n] of high power microwave pulse s [n] and orthogonal sequence Q s [n]; 3.

2. Through the in-phase sequence I r [n], orthogonal sequence Q r [n], in-phase sequence I s [n] and orthogonal sequence Q s [n] Calculate the phase of the high-power microwave pulse signal to be measured Where angle is the phase operation and j is the imaginary unit.

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