Method for improving soil salinization

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving soil salinization. The method comprises the following steps: (1) throwing an absorbing material capable of enriching salt on the surface of soil to be treated; (2) sprinkling water to wet the soil, wherein the sprinkling water amount enables the salt on the surface of the salinized soil to be enriched on the absorbing material; (3) after the soil is aired, repeating the step (2) again until the salt on the absorbing material is enriched and saturated; and (4) collecting the absorbing material, washing with water to remove salt, and repeating the steps (1)-(4) until the measured salinity of the surface soil is less than 0.3%. The method is easy to operate, wide in application range, low in cost and capable of well reducing soil salinity and achieving the purpose of improving soil salinization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali land management, and in particular relates to a method for improving soil salinization by utilizing materials capable of absorbing and enriching salt. Background Art

[0002] Soil salinization refers to the process in which the salt in the bottom soil or groundwater rises to the surface with the capillary water in the soil pores, and the salt accumulates in the surface soil after the water evaporates. It refers to the phenomenon or process in which soluble salts accumulate in the soil surface, also known as salinization.

[0003] Soil salinization will reduce agricultural productivity, water quality, and soil biodiversity, and the ability of salt-affected soil to act as a buffer and filter pollutants will decrease. Salinized soil reduces the ability of crops to absorb water and the availability of trace elements, and may degrade soil structure. The causes of soil salinization are complex, and its stubbornness and recurrence are the main obstacles to governance. Early research on saline soil governance was mainly based on water regulation, deep tillage and improvement, and a single measure for the governance of saline soil was initially proposed based on the characteristics of different saline soils. Subsequently, many researchers proposed diversified comprehensive governance through the application of amendments, planting of halophytes, and the use of microbial fertilizers. The current governance approaches can be summarized into four aspects: irrigation and drainage measures, physical regulation, chemical improvement, and biological measures. Irrigation and drainage measures mainly involve desalination and salt removal through irrigation, drainage, flushing, and silt release; physical regulation involves changing the physical structure of the tillage layer through deep burial of straw, mulching, tillage to conserve moisture, deep ploughing and fertilization, and land leveling, thereby improving the soil's ability to infiltrate and leach salt and inhibiting the upward movement of salt; chemical improvement technology involves applying chemical amendments (such as gypsum, phosphogypsum, calcium sulfite, and superphosphate) to the soil to reduce the soil salt content through chemical or substitution effects; biological measures mainly involve directly or indirectly planting salt-absorbing, salt-tolerant, and salt-secreting plants on salinized soils, thereby absorbing soil salt, harvesting and transferring salt, reducing evaporation in the tillage layer, and improving soil structure. Although these improvement technologies can achieve certain improvement effects, they have a long improvement cycle and high costs, making them difficult to promote in an all-round way.

[0004] At present, volcanic rocks are mostly used for building materials, adsorption and stabilization of water quality, etc., and water-absorbing rocks are mostly used for planting plants. There are no reports on the use of volcanic rocks and other materials with water-absorbing properties to improve soil salinization. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention discloses a method for improving soil salinization, which aims to reduce soil salinization by throwing a material that can absorb and enrich salt on the soil surface and then sprinkling water to moisten the soil. The mechanism is that the salt in saline-alkali soil is mainly caused by the capillary rise of groundwater. The method makes use of its characteristics and fully exerts the capillary rise of soil, so that the salt near the surface and the surface of the soil reaches the soil surface and is then enriched by volcanic rocks and the like.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: the method for improving soil salinization comprises the following steps: (1) Sprinkling salt-enriching absorbent materials on the surface of the soil to be treated; (2) Sprinkle water to moisten the soil, with the amount of water being sufficient to allow the salt on the surface of the salinized soil to accumulate on the absorption material; (3) After the soil is dried, repeat step (2) until the absorption material is saturated with salt; (4) Collect the absorbent material, wash away the salt with water, and repeat steps (1) to (4).

[0007] Preferably, the absorbent material is any one or more of volcanic rock, water-absorbing stone, and broken bricks.

[0008] Preferably, the amount of absorbent material sprinkled in step (1) is enough to completely cover the soil to be treated, with a covering thickness of 2-3 cm.

[0009] Preferably, after repeated operations, the surface soil salinity can be less than 0.3%.

[0010] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The greatest advantage of the present invention is that the material can be reused, the improvement cycle is short, and the cost is low. In addition, the present invention is simple to operate and has a wide range of applications. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited in any way. Any changes or substitutions made based on the teachings of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0012] Example 1 There is a 5-hectare coastal saline-alkali land with a salt content of 6%. Due to the high salt content of groundwater, the salinization of the area has intensified. 2 For saline-alkali land, (1) scatter volcanic rocks evenly on the soil surface, completely covering the soil with a thickness of 2 cm; (2) sprinkle water to moisten the soil; (3) after the soil is dried, sprinkle water again until the surface of the volcanic rocks is no longer enriched with white salt frost; (4) collect the volcanic rocks by plowing and harrowing, wash them with water, remove the salt, and repeat operations (1) to (4). After 10 repeated operations, the salinity of the surface soil is less than 0.3%.

[0013] Embodiment 2: There is a 5-hectare coastal saline-alkali land with a salt content of 6%. Due to the high salt content of groundwater, the salinization of the area has intensified. 2 For saline-alkali land, (1) scatter volcanic rocks evenly on the soil surface, completely covering the soil with a thickness of 3 cm; (2) sprinkle water to moisten the soil; (3) after the soil is dried, sprinkle water again until the surface of the volcanic rocks is no longer enriched with white salt frost; (4) collect the volcanic rocks by plowing and harrowing, wash them with water, remove the salt, and repeat operations (1) to (4). After six repeated operations, the salinity of the surface soil is less than 0.3%.

[0014] Embodiment 3: There is a 5-hectare coastal saline-alkali land with a salt content of 6%. Due to the high salt content of groundwater, the salinization of the area has intensified. 2 For saline-alkali land, (1) sprinkle absorbent stones evenly on the soil surface, completely covering the soil with a thickness of 2 cm; (2) sprinkle water to moisten the soil; (3) after the soil is dried, sprinkle water again until the surface of the absorbent stones is no longer enriched with white salt frost; (4) collect the absorbent stones by plowing and harrowing, wash them with water, and then repeat operations (1) to (4). After 12 repeated operations, the salinity of the surface soil is less than 0.3%.

[0015] Embodiment 4: There is a 5-hectare coastal saline-alkali land with a salt content of 6%. Due to the high salt content of groundwater, the salinization of the area has intensified. 2 For saline-alkali land, (1) sprinkle absorbent stones evenly on the soil surface, completely covering the soil with a thickness of 3 cm; (2) sprinkle water to moisten the soil; (3) after the soil is dried, sprinkle water again until the surface of the absorbent stones is no longer enriched with white salt frost; (4) collect the absorbent stones by plowing and harrowing, wash them with water, and then repeat operations (1) to (4). After 8 repeated operations, the salinity of the surface soil is less than 0.3%.

[0016] Embodiment 5: There is a 5-hectare coastal saline-alkali land with a salt content of 6%. Due to the high salt content of groundwater, the salinization of the area has intensified. 2 For saline-alkali land, (1) evenly spread the broken bricks on the soil surface, completely covering the soil with a thickness of 2 cm; (2) sprinkle water to moisten the soil; (3) after the soil is dried, sprinkle water again until the surface of the broken bricks is no longer enriched with white salt frost; (4) collect the broken bricks by plowing and harrowing, wash them with water to remove the salt, and repeat operations (1) to (4). After 13 repeated operations, the salinity of the surface soil is less than 0.3%.

[0017] Embodiment 6: There is a 5-hectare coastal saline-alkali land with a salt content of 6%. Due to the high salt content of groundwater, the salinization of the area has intensified. 2 For saline-alkali land, (1) evenly spread the broken bricks on the soil surface, completely covering the soil with a thickness of 3 cm; (2) sprinkle water to moisten the soil; (3) after the soil is dried, sprinkle water again until the surface of the broken bricks is no longer enriched with white salt frost; (4) collect the broken bricks by plowing and harrowing, wash them with water to remove the salt, and repeat operations (1) to (4). After 9 repeated operations, the salinity of the surface soil is less than 0.3%.

[0018] Embodiment 7: There is a 5-hectare coastal saline-alkali land with a salt content of 6%. Due to the high salt content of groundwater, the salinization of the area has intensified. 2 The saline-alkali land was divided into three equal parts, numbered 1#, 2#, and 3#. (1) Volcanic rock + water-absorbing stone (1:1), volcanic rock + broken bricks (1:1), and water-absorbing stone + broken bricks (1:1) were evenly sprinkled on the soil surface of the corresponding number, completely covering the soil with a thickness of 2 cm. (2) Water was sprinkled to moisten the soil. (3) After the soil was dried, water was sprinkled again until the surface of the material was no longer enriched with white salt frost. (4) The material was collected by plowing and harrowing, washed with water, and then desalted and the operation (1)-(4) was repeated. After 9, 10, and 11 times of repetition, the salinity of the surface soil was less than 0.3%.

[0019] Embodiment 8: There is a 5-hectare coastal saline-alkali land with a salt content of 6%. Due to the high salt content of groundwater, the salinization of the area has intensified. 2 The saline-alkali land was divided into three equal parts, numbered 1#, 2#, and 3#. (1) Volcanic rock + water-absorbing stone (1:1), volcanic rock + broken bricks (1:1), and water-absorbing stone + broken bricks (1:1) were evenly sprinkled on the soil surface of the corresponding number, completely covering the soil with a thickness of 3 cm. (2) Water was sprinkled to moisten the soil. (3) After the soil was dried, water was sprinkled again until the surface of the material was no longer enriched with white salt frost. (4) The material was collected by plowing and harrowing, washed with water, and then desalted and the operation (1)-(4) was repeated. After 8, 9, and 10 repetitions, the salinity of the surface soil was less than 0.3%.

Claims

1. A method for improving soil salinization, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) Sprinkling salt-enriching absorbent materials on the surface of the soil to be treated; (2) Sprinkle water to moisten the soil, with the amount of water being sufficient to allow the salt on the surface of the salinized soil to accumulate on the absorption material; (3) After the soil is dried, repeat step (2) until the absorption material is saturated with salt; (4) Collect the absorbent material, wash away the salt with water, and repeat steps (1) to (4).

2. The method for improving soil salinization according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorbent material is any one or more of volcanic rock, water-absorbing stone, and broken bricks.

3. The method for improving soil salinization according to claim 1, characterized in that The amount of absorbent material sprinkled in step (1) is enough to completely cover the soil to be treated, with a covering thickness of 2-3 cm.

4. The method for improving soil salinization according to claim 1, characterized in that After repeated operations, the surface soil salinity can be less than 0.3%.