An automotive part casting sand mold forming device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of casting of automotive parts, and specifically to a casting sand mold forming device and method for automotive parts. An upper microporous plate and a lower microporous plate are arranged at intervals up and down in the air guiding flow channel. The lower microporous plate is located in the air guiding flow channel, and the upper microporous plate is pressed on the stepped surface communicating between the annular groove and the air guiding flow channel. The upper microporous plate and the lower microporous plate are connected by multiple groups of air pipes. The beneficial effects are as follows: By adding a pouring and ramming component to the existing casting process, multiple groups of sand injection channels can be used to selectively choose the sand injection position, and the sand injection position can be selected according to the characteristics of the model part to ensure complete filling of the small holes and grooves. At the same time, the air guiding flow channel is used to further carry out negative pressure air extraction on the sand mold after extrusion and compaction, reduce the gap between the sand bodies, improve the overall ramming strength, ensure the integrity of the sand mold after overall demolding, avoid collapse, and greatly improve the qualified rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of casting of automotive parts, and specifically to a casting sand mold forming device and method for automotive parts. Background Art

[0002] Most automotive parts are metal products, and existing automotive metal parts are mostly produced by casting processes. The casting process involves placing a model in a mold, adding casting sand and ramming it, forming a sand mold with the shape of the part through demolding, obtaining a rough part through pouring, and then performing finishing to obtain the finished part.

[0003] However, in the actual casting process, the manufacturing processes of modeling, demolding, pouring, and cooling of a single mold are difficult to meet the needs of mass production. To adapt to mass production, usually during the demolding process, the entire sand mold is demolded and then transported to the pouring mold for pouring and cooling. During the pouring and cooling time, continuous modeling and demolding can be carried out, greatly improving the production efficiency.

[0004] However, in the process of batch modeling and overall demolding, existing extrusion ramming equipment is difficult to fully fill the small holes and grooves on the parts. After demolding, the sand molds at the small hole and groove positions are extremely prone to collapse or insufficient filling, and the defect rate is relatively high. The main reasons are as follows:

[0005] 1. When injecting sand, it is difficult for the casting sand to accurately fill the grooves and can only be filled by relative extrusion, which easily leads to defects and insufficient filling.

[0006] 2. Single extrusion ramming can only reduce the gap between sand bodies, but it is difficult to discharge the air flow between the casting sands. The casting sands are still in a relatively fluffy state and are extremely prone to collapse after overall demolding. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a casting sand mold forming device and method for automotive parts to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An automotive part casting sand mold forming device, including a rotating frame, an inner frame is rotatably installed on the rotating frame, a mold assembly is arranged in the inner frame, the mold assembly is composed of a detachable bottom template, a side mold frame and a top template, the inner cavity surrounded by the bottom template, the side mold frame and the top template is a mold cavity, a model part is arranged on the bottom template in the mold cavity, a driving assembly for driving the top template to extrude the mold cavity is arranged on the inner frame, multiple groups of pouring and ramming assemblies are arranged on the top template, the pouring and ramming assembly includes a sand injection flow channel and a gas guiding flow channel, the sand injection flow channel is externally connected to a sand injection pipe, the gas guiding flow channel is externally connected to an air pump pipe, the other ends of the sand injection flow channel and the gas guiding flow channel are both communicated with the mold cavity, a ring groove is arranged at the upper end of the gas guiding flow channel, an upper microporous plate and a lower microporous plate are arranged at intervals up and down in the gas guiding flow channel, the lower microporous plate is located in the gas guiding flow channel, the upper microporous plate is pressed on the stepped surface where the ring groove and the gas guiding flow channel are connected, and the upper microporous plate and the lower microporous plate are connected by multiple groups of air pipes.

[0009] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a second telescopic rod, a turning motor is arranged on one side of the rotating frame, the output shaft of the turning motor is connected to the inner frame, a pair of second telescopic rods are arranged on the inner frame, a pair of extension arms are arranged on both sides of the top template, the extension arms are vertically connected to the second telescopic rods, a pair of guide rails are arranged on the inner frame, and sliders slidably sleeved on the guide rails are arranged on the extension arms.

[0010] Preferably, a first telescopic rod connected to the bottom template is arranged on the inner frame, a fastening member is arranged through the bottom template, the model part is fixed on the bottom template by the fastening member, and the outer edge of the lower end of the bottom template is hermetically pressed on the lower end surface of the side mold frame.

[0011] Preferably, ear seats are arranged on the side wall of the top template in a circumferential array, positioning rods are vertically arranged on the ear seats, positioning holes opposite to the positioning rods are arranged on the side mold frame, a first spring is sleeved on the positioning rod, one end of the first spring is fixed on the ear seat, the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to a collar, the collar is slidably sleeved on the positioning rod, the positioning rod is slidably inserted into the positioning hole, and the collar is pressed on the end surface of the side mold frame.

[0012] Preferably, multiple groups of the pouring and ramming assemblies are arranged in a circumferential array, the ring groove communicates with the gas guiding flow channels arranged in a circumferential array, a ring plate is fixedly installed in the ring groove, a stepped inner cavity is arranged in the ring plate, the upper microporous plate is located at the lower end of the stepped inner cavity, and a second spring is pressed between the upper microporous plate and the stepped surface of the stepped inner cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end ports of the sand injection runner and the stepped inner cavity are both provided with tapered ports. The upper tapered ports of the sand injection runner and the stepped inner cavity are respectively installed with a sand injection interface and an air pump interface. An annular sealing gasket is pressed between the lower ends of the sand injection interface and the air pump interface and the tapered ports.

[0014] Preferably, multiple groups of the casting and ramming assemblies distributed in a circumferential array can selectively connect to an air pump pipe and a sand injection pipe. The upper end ports of the sand injection runners and the stepped inner cavities in the casting and ramming assemblies that are not connected to the air pump pipe and the sand injection pipe are sealed by sealing plugs.

[0015] Preferably, the annular groove is communicated with the sand injection runner through a transverse runner. A runner is rotatably installed in the transverse runner. Multiple groups of sieve plates are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer arc of the runner. The sieve plates on one side of the runner extend into the sand injection runner.

[0016] Preferably, multiple groups of rotating seats are arranged on the outer side of the runner. Multiple groups of sieve plates distributed in a circumferential array are respectively rotatably installed on the rotating seats. The rotating seats are provided with limiting arc plates for limiting the rotation angle of the sieve plates. A port ring is arranged at the inner port on the side of the transverse runner close to the sand injection runner. A semi-circular retaining ring is arranged at the lower end of the port ring. The end of the sieve plate can be rotatably pressed on the semi-circular retaining ring.

[0017] A method implemented according to an automotive parts casting sand mold forming device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Select a model part to be processed and fix it on the bottom template. Use the bottom template, side mold frame, and top template to enclose a mold assembly. Analyze the shape of the mold cavity filling according to the shape of the model part, mark the positions with small holes, grooves, etc., and correspond them on the top template;

[0019] Step 2: According to the positions marked in Step 1, correspondingly select the casting and ramming assemblies on the top template, and externally connect an air pump pipe and a sand injection pipe. Those not selected are sealed with sealing plugs;

[0020] Step 3: Spray a release agent on the mold cavity and the lower end of the top template. Connect the sand injection pipe to a sand cylinder and pour the sand. After pouring, use the drive of the second telescopic rod to make the top template squeeze the mold cavity to achieve preliminary compaction. Then use an air pump to perform negative pressure air extraction on the mold cavity, and use the microporous plate to limit the position of the casting sand to further achieve the ramming of the sand mold;

[0021] Step 4: The inner frame rotates and flips, the first telescopic rod drives the bottom template to open, and the second telescopic rod further squeezes to achieve rapid demolding.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention adds a pouring and ramming component to the existing casting process, thereby using multiple groups of sand injection channels to selectively choose the sand injection positions. The sand injection positions can be targeted according to the characteristics of the model parts to ensure complete filling of the small holes and grooves. At the same time, the air guiding channel is used to further carry out negative pressure air extraction on the sand mold after extrusion and compaction, reduce the gaps between the sand bodies, improve the overall ramming strength, ensure the integrity of the sand mold after overall demolding, avoid collapse, and greatly improve the qualified product rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mold assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of the structure at A in

[0027] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper end of the top template of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is Figure 3 an enlarged view of the structure at B in

[0029] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the port ring of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower end of the top template of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the runner wheel of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection of the upper and lower micro-hole plates of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1, rotating frame; 2, flipping motor; 3, inner frame; 4, bottom template; 5, side mold frame; 6, top template; 7, first telescopic rod; 8, model part; 9, fastener; 10, positioning hole; 11, extension arm; 12, mold cavity; 13, air pump pipe; 14, sand injection pipe; 15, guide rail; 16, slider; 17, second telescopic rod; 18, ear seat; 19, first spring; 20, positioning rod; 21, collar; 22, sand injection channel; 23, air guiding channel; 24, annular groove; 25, lower micro-hole plate; 26, upper micro-hole plate; 27, air pipe; 28, air pump interface; 29, sand injection interface; 30, sealing plug; 31, runner wheel; 32, stepped inner cavity; 33, second spring; 34, annular plate; 35, rotating seat; 36, sieve plate; 37, limiting arc plate; 38, semi-circular retaining ring; 39, port ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0036] Embodiment 1: A casting sand mold forming device for automotive parts, including a rotating frame 1, an inner frame 3 is rotatably installed on the rotating frame 1, a mold assembly is arranged in the inner frame 3, the mold assembly is composed of a detachable bottom template 4, a side mold frame 5 and a top template 6, the inner cavity surrounded by the bottom template 4, the side mold frame 5 and the top template 6 is a mold cavity 12, a model part 8 located in the mold cavity 12 is arranged on the bottom template 4, and a driving assembly for driving the top template 6 to extrude the mold cavity 12 is arranged on the inner frame 3.

[0037] By providing a detachable mold assembly, it is convenient for the demolding of the model part 8 and the sand mold, and continuous molding production can be realized.

[0038] A plurality of sets of pouring and ramming assemblies are arranged on the top template 6. The pouring and ramming assemblies include a sand injection flow channel 22 and an air guide flow channel 23. The sand injection flow channel 22 is externally connected to a sand injection pipe 14, the air guide flow channel 23 is externally connected to an air pump pipe 13, the other ends of the sand injection flow channel 22 and the air guide flow channel 23 are both communicated with the mold cavity 12, a ring groove 24 is arranged at the upper end of the air guide flow channel 23, upper micro-hole plates 26 and lower micro-hole plates 25 are arranged in the air guide flow channel 23 at intervals up and down, the lower micro-hole plate 25 is located in the air guide flow channel 23, the upper micro-hole plate 26 is pressed on the stepped surface where the ring groove 24 is communicated with the air guide flow channel 23, and the upper micro-hole plate 26 and the lower micro-hole plate 25 are communicated through a plurality of groups of air pipes 27.

[0039] By providing that the sand injection flow channel 22 is externally connected to the sand injection pipe 14, the position of sand injection can be selectively determined according to the characteristics of the model part 8 to ensure complete filling of small holes and grooves. At the same time, the air guide flow channel 23 is used to further perform negative pressure air extraction on the sand mold after extrusion and compaction, reducing the gap between sand bodies.

[0040] Working principle: First, analyze the position features of the small holes and grooves on the model part 8, and mark them on the top template 6 according to the analysis results. Then, the externally connected sand injection pipe 14 and air pump pipe 13 can be selected. Use the sand injection pipe 14 to fully fill the mold cavity 12. After sand injection, use the driving component to drive the top template 6 to descend to achieve the purpose of extruding the mold cavity 12, so that the sand mold after sand injection is initially compacted. During the compaction process, due to extrusion, part of the sand body in the air guide channel 23 moves upward, driving the overall rise of the upper microporous plate 26 and the lower microporous plate 25.

[0041] Then, use the air guide channel 23 to achieve negative pressure air extraction. During the air extraction process, the interstitial gas between the sand bodies in the sand mold is extracted, so that the sand mold is further tamped. During the air extraction process, the sand mold shrinks further, so that the height of the sand body in the air guide channel 23 decreases, and the upper microporous plate 26 and the lower microporous plate 25 descend and reset as a whole, thereby improving the overall tamping strength, ensuring the integrity of the sand mold after overall demolding, avoiding collapse, and greatly improving the yield rate.

[0042] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, the driving component includes a second telescopic rod 17. One side of the rotating frame 1 is provided with a flipping motor 2. The output shaft of the flipping motor 2 is connected to the inner frame 3. A pair of second telescopic rods 17 are arranged on the inner frame 3. A pair of extension arms 11 are arranged on both sides of the top template 6. The extension arms 11 are perpendicularly connected to the second telescopic rods 17. A pair of guide rails 15 are arranged on the inner frame 3. Sliders 16 are arranged on the extension arms 11 and are slidably sleeved on the guide rails 15.

[0043] Through the cooperation of the guide rails 15 and the sliders 16, the vertical lifting of the top template 6 is realized. Use the second telescopic rod 17 to drive the top template 6 to achieve the extrusion and compaction drive of the mold cavity 12.

[0044] A first telescopic rod 7 connected to the bottom template 4 is arranged on the inner frame 3. A fastener 9 is arranged through the bottom template 4. The model part 8 is fixed on the bottom template 4 through the fastener 9. The lower outer edge of the bottom template 4 is hermetically pressed against the lower end face of the side mold frame 5. Circumferentially arrayed ear seats 18 are arranged on the side wall of the top template 6. A positioning rod 20 is vertically arranged on the ear seat 18. A positioning hole 10 opposite to the positioning rod 20 is arranged on the side mold frame 5. A first spring 19 is sleeved on the positioning rod 20. One end of the first spring 19 is fixed on the ear seat 18, and the other end of the first spring 19 is fixedly connected to a collar 21. The collar 21 is slidably sleeved on the positioning rod 20. The positioning rod 20 is slidably inserted into the positioning hole 10, and the collar 21 is pressed against the end face of the side mold frame 5.

[0045] By setting the connection between the fastener 9 and the model part 8, the replacement of the model part 8 is realized, so as to adapt to the casting processing of different automotive parts. Through the fitting and insertion of the positioning rod 20 and the positioning hole 20, the lifting position accuracy of the top template 6 is further improved. The elastic extrusion is realized by using the first spring 19. During the demoulding process, first, the turning motor 2 is used to drive the overall turning of the mold assembly. At this time, the top template 6 is located at the lower end. The first telescopic rod 7 is used to drive the separation of the bottom template 4 and the model part 8, realizing the demoulding of the model part 8. Then, through the further drive of the second telescopic rod 17, the first spring 19 is further compressed, and the top template 6 is driven to extrude the whole sand mold, realizing the overall demoulding of the sand mold.

[0046] Embodiment 3: On the basis of Embodiment 2, multiple groups of pouring and ramming components are distributed in a circumferential array. The annular groove 24 communicates with the air guide channels 23 distributed in a circumferential array. An annular plate 34 is fixedly installed in the annular groove 24. A stepped inner cavity 32 is provided in the annular plate 34. The upper microporous plate 26 is located at the lower end of the stepped inner cavity 32, and a second spring 33 is pressed between the upper microporous plate 26 and the stepped surface of the stepped inner cavity 32.

[0047] The elastic extrusion of the upper microporous plate 26 is realized by setting the second spring 33. Thus, when the top template 6 is initially compacted, the second spring 33 is extruded to the compressed state by the deformation of the sand mold. At this time, the upper microporous plate 26 and the lower microporous plate 25 rise as a whole. With subsequent negative pressure pumping, the sand mold shrinks. Under the restoring elastic force of the second spring 33, the upper microporous plate 26 and the lower microporous plate 25 descend and reset as a whole.

[0048] Conical ports are provided at the upper end ports of the sand injection runner 22 and the stepped inner cavity 32. A sand injection interface 29 and an air pump interface 28 are respectively installed at the upper conical ports of the sand injection runner 22 and the stepped inner cavity 32. An annular sealing gasket is pressed between the lower ends of the sand injection interface 29 and the air pump interface 28 and the conical ports. Multiple groups of pouring and ramming components distributed in a circumferential array can selectively connect the external air pump pipe 13 and the sand injection pipe 14. The upper end ports of the sand injection runner 22 and the stepped inner cavity 32 in the pouring and ramming components that do not connect the external air pump pipe 13 and the sand injection pipe 14 are sealed by sealing plugs 30.

[0049] The sealing of the mold cavity 12 is realized by setting the sealing gasket and the sealing plug 30.

[0050] Embodiment 4: On the basis of Embodiment 3, since the casting sand is transported through a pipeline and the inner diameter of the sand injection runner 22 is small, the fluidity of the casting sand is reduced. The annular groove 24 and the sand injection runner 22 are connected through a transverse runner. A runner wheel 31 is rotatably installed in the transverse runner. A plurality of groups of sieve plates 36 distributed in a circumferential array are arranged on the outer arc of the runner wheel 31. The sieve plates 36 on one side of the runner wheel 31 extend into the sand injection runner 22. A plurality of groups of rotating seats 35 are arranged on the outer side of the runner wheel 31. The plurality of groups of sieve plates 36 distributed in a circumferential array are respectively rotatably installed on the rotating seats 35. A limiting arc plate 37 for limiting the rotation angle of the sieve plate 36 is arranged on the rotating seat 35. A port ring 39 is arranged in the port on one side of the transverse runner close to the sand injection runner 22. A semi-circular retaining ring 38 in a semi-circular shape is arranged at the lower end of the port ring 39. The end of the sieve plate 36 is rotatably pressed on the semi-circular retaining ring 38.

[0051] By arranging a plurality of groups of rotatably installed sieve plates 36, the falling casting sand impacts on the sieve plates 36, and the sieve plates 36 are used to fully disperse the casting sand, improve the fluidity of the casting sand, and facilitate its full filling of the mold cavity 12. At the same time, under the impact of the casting sand, the runner wheel 31 is driven to rotate. When the sieve plate 36 rotates to the semi-circular retaining ring 38, due to the rotational drive, the sieve plate 36 is pressed on the semi-circular retaining ring 38. At this time, the sieve plate 36 rotates and deflects along the rotating seat 35, and continuously rotates over the semi-circular retaining ring 38 as it continues to rotate, forming a continuous rotation. Using the inclined surface formed by the semi-circular retaining ring 38, the casting sand is blocked from entering the transverse runner, and the collision between the sieve plate 36 and the semi-circular retaining ring 38 causes the casting sand stuck in the sieve plate 36 to fall, further improving the protection of the transverse runner and preventing it from being filled with casting sand and causing jams.

[0052] A method implemented according to an automotive parts casting sand mold forming device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Select the model part 8 to be processed and fix it on the bottom template 4. Use the bottom template 4, the side mold frame 5 and the top template 6 to enclose the mold assembly, and analyze the shape of the mold cavity 12 filled according to the shape of the model part 8, mark the positions with small holes, grooves, etc. and correspond them on the top template 6;

[0054] Step 2: According to the positions marked in Step 1, correspondingly select the pouring and ramming components on the top template 6, externally connect the air pump pipe 13 and the sand injection pipe 14, and seal the unselected ones with the sealing plug 30;

[0055] Step 3: Spray a release agent on the mold cavity 12 and the lower end of the top template 6. Connect the sand cylinder through the sand injection pipe 14 and carry out pouring. After pouring is completed, use the drive of the second telescopic rod 17 to make the top template 6 squeeze the mold cavity 12 to achieve preliminary compaction, and then use an air pump to perform negative pressure air extraction on the mold cavity 12, and use the microporous plate to limit the position of the casting sand to further achieve the ramming of the sand mold;

[0056] Step Four: The inner frame 3 rotates and flips, the first telescopic rod 7 drives the bottom template 4 to open, and the second telescopic rod 17 further squeezes to achieve rapid demolding.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sand mold forming device for casting automobile parts, comprising a rotating frame (1), an inner frame (3) being rotatably mounted on the rotating frame (1), a mold assembly being arranged in the inner frame (3), the mold assembly being composed of a detachable bottom mold plate (4), a side mold frame (5) and a top mold plate (6), an inner cavity surrounded by the bottom mold plate (4), the side mold frame (5) and the top mold plate (6) being a mold cavity (12), a model member (8) being arranged in the mold cavity (12) on the bottom mold plate (4), and a driving assembly for driving the top mold plate (6) to extrude the mold cavity (12) being arranged on the inner frame (3), Features: The top mold plate (6) is provided with a plurality of casting and compacting components, the casting and compacting components comprising a sand injection channel (22) and an air guide channel (23), the sand injection channel (22) being externally connected to a sand injection pipe (14), the air guide channel (23) being externally connected to an air pump pipe (13), the other ends of the sand injection channel (22) and the air guide channel (23) being both connected to the mold cavity (12), the upper end of the air guide channel (23) being provided with an annular groove (24), the air guide channel (23) being provided with an upper microporous plate (26) and a lower microporous plate (25) spaced apart from each other in the upper and lower parts, the lower microporous plate (25) being located in the air guide channel (23), the upper microporous plate (26) being pressed onto a stepped surface connecting the annular groove (24) and the air guide channel (23), the upper microporous plate (26) and the lower microporous plate (25) being connected via a plurality of air pipes (27); The plurality of groups of the casting and compacting components are distributed in a circular array, the annular groove (24) is connected to the air guide passages (23) distributed in the circular array, a ring plate (34) is fixedly installed in the annular groove (24), a stepped inner cavity (32) is provided in the annular plate (34), the upper microporous plate (26) is located at the lower end of the stepped inner cavity (32), and a second spring (33) is pressed between the upper microporous plate (26) and the stepped surface of the stepped inner cavity (32).

2. The automobile parts casting sand mold forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a second telescopic rod (17); a flip motor (2) is arranged on one side of the rotating frame (1); an output shaft of the flip motor (2) is connected to the inner frame (3); a pair of second telescopic rods (17) are arranged on the inner frame (3); a pair of extension arms (11) are arranged on both sides of the top template (6); the extension arms (11) are vertically connected to the second telescopic rod (17); a pair of guide rails (15) are arranged on the inner frame (3); and a slider (16) slidably sleeved on the guide rails (15) is arranged on the extension arm (11).

3. The automobile parts casting sand mold forming equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner frame (3) is provided with a first telescopic rod (7) connected to the bottom template (4), the bottom template (4) is provided with a fastener (9) penetrating therethrough, the model member (8) is fixed to the bottom template (4) via the fastener (9), and the lower end outer edge of the bottom template (4) is sealed and pressed onto the lower end surface of the side template frame (5).

4. The automobile parts casting sand mold forming equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the top mold plate (6) is provided with ear seats (18) distributed in a circumferential array, and a positioning rod (20) is vertically arranged on the ear seat (18). The side mold frame (5) is provided with a positioning hole (10) facing the positioning rod (20), and a first spring (19) is sleeved on the positioning rod (20). One end of the first spring (19) is fixed on the ear seat (18), and the other end of the first spring (19) is fixedly connected to a ring (21). The ring (21) is slidably sleeved on the positioning rod (20), and the positioning rod (20) is slidably inserted in the positioning hole (10), and the ring (21) is pressed onto the end surface of the side mold frame (5).

5. The automobile parts casting sand mold forming equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper ends of the sand injection channel (22) and the stepped inner cavity (32) are both provided with tapered ports, and the upper tapered ports of the sand injection channel (22) and the stepped inner cavity (32) are respectively provided with sand injection interfaces (29) and air pump interfaces (28), and annular sealing gaskets are pressed between the lower ends of the sand injection interfaces (29) and the air pump interfaces (28) and the tapered ports.

6. The automobile parts casting sand mold forming equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of the pouring and compacting components distributed in a circumferential array can be optionally connected to an external air pump pipe (13) and a sand injection pipe (14), and the upper end ports of the sand injection flow channels (22) and the stepped inner cavity (32) in the pouring and compacting components that are not connected to the external air pump pipe (13) and the sand injection pipe (14) are sealed by sealing plugs (30).

7. The automobile parts casting sand mold forming equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular groove (24) is connected to the sand injection channel (22) via a transverse channel, a rotating wheel (31) is rotatably mounted in the transverse channel, a plurality of groups of sieve plates (36) distributed in a circumferential array are arranged outside the circular arc of the rotating wheel (31), and the sieve plates (36) on one side of the rotating wheel (31) extend into the sand injection channel (22).

8. The automobile parts casting sand mold forming equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of rotating seats (35) are arranged outside the rotating wheel (31), and a plurality of sieve plates (36) are rotatably mounted on the rotating seats (35) in a circumferential array. A limiting arc plate (37) for limiting the rotation angle of the sieve plates (36) is arranged on the rotating seat (35). A port ring (39) is arranged in a port on one side of the transverse flow channel close to the sand injection flow channel (22). A semicircular retaining ring (38) is arranged at the lower end of the port ring (39), and the end of the sieve plate (36) can be rotatably pressed onto the semicircular retaining ring (38).

9. A method for implementing the automobile parts casting sand mold forming equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Select the model part (8) to be processed and fix it on the bottom template (4), use the bottom template (4), the side mold frame (5) and the top template (6) to form a mold assembly, and analyze the shape of the mold cavity (12) according to the shape of the model part (8), mark the positions of small holes and grooves and correspond them on the top template (6); Step 2: Select the pouring and compacting components on the top template (6) according to the positions marked in step 1, and connect the air pump pipe (13) and the sand injection pipe (14) to the outside. The unselected ones are sealed by the sealing plug (30); Step 3: spraying a mold release agent on the mold cavity (12) and the lower end of the top mold plate (6), connecting the sand cylinder via the sand injection pipe (14) and performing casting. After casting, the top mold plate (6) is driven by the second telescopic rod (17) to squeeze the mold cavity (12) to achieve preliminary compaction, and then using an air pump to evacuate the mold cavity (12) with negative pressure, and using a microporous plate to limit the position of the casting sand to further achieve the compaction of the sand mold; Step 4: The inner frame (3) rotates and flips, the first telescopic rod (7) drives the bottom template (4) to open, and the second telescopic rod (17) further squeezes to achieve rapid demoulding.

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