A multi-machine collaborative welding method for thick plate reel bevel

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-machine collaborative welding method for thick plate drum grooves in the field of crane manufacturing technology. The thick plate is rolled into a drum section, and a Y-shaped groove is cut at the weld; the drum section is placed on the support frame of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment, and it is ensured that the Y-shaped groove is placed upward; a ceramic backing with a forced weld forming groove structure is pasted on the back of the Y-shaped groove; the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment is adjusted according to the weld position; the MAG welding torch of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment is used to weld the weld with a gap greater than 1.5 mm; a SAW welding torch in the front and two SAW welding torches arranged side by side at the rear of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment are used to weld the weld simultaneously; the present invention uses the MAG+SAW composite welding method to weld the thick plate drum groove weld, realizing the efficient welding of seam filling, backing welding, and filling welding, greatly shortening the manufacturing cycle and improving the manufacturing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crane manufacturing, and in particular to a multi-machine collaborative welding method for thick plate drum grooves. Background Art

[0002] The drum is a key component in hoisting and transportation machinery, mainly used for winding ropes and transmitting power, and bearing the weight of the lifted object. Through its own rotary motion, the drum transmits the driving force to the wound steel wire rope, and relies on the linear motion of the steel wire rope to achieve the handling and transfer of goods.

[0003] Currently, most of the drums of large hoisting and transportation equipment are welded drums. Welded drums have the advantages of light self-weight and strong bearing capacity, with obvious performance advantages. However, welded drums have a large amount of welding work. Currently, single-wire submerged arc welding is generally used. And if there is a large gap in the welded joint, manual repair welding and filling are also required, which seriously restricts the production efficiency of products. Therefore, the existing welding methods need to be improved urgently.

[0004] For this reason, we provide a multi-machine collaborative welding method for thick plate drum grooves. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background art, the present invention discloses a multi-machine collaborative welding method for thick plate drum grooves.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multi-machine collaborative welding method for thick plate drum grooves, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Roll the thick plate into a drum section, and machine a Y-shaped groove at the weld;

[0009] Step 2: Place the drum section on the support frame of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment, and ensure that the Y-shaped groove is placed upward;

[0010] Step 3: Paste a ceramic backing with a forced weld forming groove structure on the back of the Y-shaped groove;

[0011] Step 4: Adjust the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment according to the weld position;

[0012] Step 5: Use the MAG welding torch of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment to weld the weld with a gap greater than 1.5 mm;

[0013] Step 6: Use one SAW welding torch in the front and two SAW welding torches arranged side by side in the rear of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment to weld the weld seam simultaneously; among them, one SAW welding torch in the front performs root welding, and the two SAW welding torches in the rear perform filling welding; the three SAW welding torches are distributed in a triangle, and the distance between the SAW welding torch in the front and the SAW welding torches in the rear is 45 - 55 mm, and the gap between the two SAW welding torches in the rear is 30 - 50 mm, and they are inclined 15 ± 2° towards the center of the weld seam;

[0014] Step 7: Repeat Step 6 until the groove filling welding is completed.

[0015] Preferably, the slope angle of the Y-shaped groove is 60 ± 2°, and the length of the blunt edge is 1 - 2 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the wire diameter of the MAG welding torch is 1.2 mm, the welding current is 250 - 270 A, and the welding speed is 500 - 650 mm / min.

[0017] Preferably, the wire diameter of the SAW welding torch in the front is 4 mm, the welding current is 580 - 620 A, and the welding speed is 550 - 600 mm / min; the wires of the two SAW welding torches in the rear are 2 mm, and the welding current is 360 - 390 A.

[0018] Preferably, when Step 6 is executed for the first time, the SAW welding torch operates along with the MAG welding torch, and at this time the welding speed is 550 - 600 mm / min;

[0019] Among them, the SAW welding torch in the front is located 50 - 100 mm behind the MAG welding torch, and the welding current of the SAW welding torch in the front is 550 - 600 A.

[0020] Preferably, before MAG welding or SAW welding, use the vision sensor of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment to pre-scan the weld seam, and adjust the starting and ending positions and height of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment according to the weld seam information.

[0021] Preferably, the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment includes a support frame and a front and rear slide rail pair installed on one side thereof. The sliding part of the front and rear slide rail pair is provided with a vertical slide rail pair, and the sliding part of the vertical slide rail pair is provided with a left and right slide rail pair. The sliding part of the left and right slide rail pair is provided with a mounting frame corresponding to one end of the support frame;

[0022] The mounting frame is successively provided with a MAG welding torch, one SAW welding torch, and two SAW welding torches at intervals from front to back, and among them, the three SAW welding torches are distributed in a triangle.

[0023] Preferably, the mounting frame is also provided with a vision sensor in front of the MAG welding torch.

[0024] Preferably, the support frame includes two support wheel sets arranged at intervals before and after, and each support wheel set has two support wheels arranged at intervals left and right, which are used to stably support the drum section.

[0025] Preferably, the mounting frame is rotatably arranged horizontally at one end of the sliding part of the left and right slide rail pairs. After step six, after the mounting frame rotates horizontally by a certain angle, the operation of repeating step six is completed during the return process of the sliding part of the front and rear slide rail pairs.

[0026] Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The MAG+SAW composite welding method is adopted for welding the groove welds of thick plate drums, realizing the efficient welding of seam filling, backing welding, and filling welding, greatly shortening the manufacturing cycle, improving the manufacturing efficiency, and the three SAW welding torches are distributed in a triangular shape, and the two SAW welding torches at the rear are inclined, which can increase the distance between the SAW welding torches, make the molten pool account for about 2 / 3 of the molten pool at the position of the base material, rely on the base material to dissipate heat, ensure the impact performance of the weld and the heat affected zone, and ensure the stability of the weld quality;

[0028] 2. The SAW welding torch follows the operation of the MAG welding torch, so that the SAW welding torch can effectively utilize the residual heat after the MAG welding torch welding during welding. Under the condition of ensuring the welding quality, the welding current of the SAW welding torch is effectively reduced, achieving the effect of energy saving;

[0029] 3. The design of the Y-shaped groove and the ceramic backing helps to form a good shape on the back of the weld, avoiding common welding defects such as weld beads or incomplete penetration;

[0030] 4. For the case where the weld gap is greater than 1.5 mm, the MAG welding torch is used for pre-treatment first to ensure that the subsequent SAW welding torch can perform filling welding under more ideal conditions, which not only improves the welding quality but also increases the adaptability of the process to different working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic assembly structure diagram of the mounting frame and the welding torch in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a rear view of the mounting frame in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a right view of the mounting frame in the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Support frame; 11. Support wheel set; 111. Support wheel; 2. Front and rear slide rail pair; 3. Vertical slide rail pair; 4. Left and right slide rail pair; 5. Mounting frame; 6. MAG welding torch; 7. SAW welding torch; 8. Vision sensor. Detailed implementation mode

[0036] The present invention can be explained in detail through the following embodiments. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship, it is only corresponding to the drawings of the present application for the convenience of describing the present invention; it should be understood that if there are terms such as "end", "side", "end part", "side part", "transverse", "longitudinal", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship, it is only corresponding to the length and width of the corresponding component, that is, the "end part" indicates the head and tail regions in the length direction of the corresponding component, and the "side part" indicates the head and tail regions in the width direction of the corresponding component; it is for the convenience of describing the present invention rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation.

[0037] Embodiment 1, in combination with the attached Figures 1-4 , a multi-machine collaborative welding method for thick plate drum bevels, includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Roll the thick plate into a drum section, and machine the weld to a Y-shaped bevel.

[0039] As required, the slope angle of the Y-shaped bevel is 60 ± 2°, and the root face length is 1 - 2 mm.

[0040] Specifically, use a plate rolling machine to roll the thick plate into a drum section.

[0041] Step 2: Place the drum section on the support frame 1 of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment, and ensure that the Y-shaped bevel is placed upward;

[0042] It should be noted that: when the weld is a circumferential weld, at this time, the drum only needs to be placed horizontally, and there is no need to rotate and adjust the angle of the drum.

[0043] As required, the support frame 1 includes two support wheel sets 11 arranged at intervals front and rear, and the support wheel set 11 has two support wheels 111 arranged at intervals left and right, that is, the drum section is stably supported by the two support wheel sets 11; specifically, the distance between the two support wheel sets 11 is set according to the axial length of the drum section. Preferably, the distance between the two support wheel sets 11 is 2 / 3 - 3 / 4 of the axial length of the drum section. Specifically, the support wheel set 11 also has a wheel frame for fixing the two support wheels 111.

[0044] As needed, the support wheel set 11 may also have a structure of a braking support wheel 111. In this way, the angle of the drum can be adjusted when the support wheel 111 is not braked, and the stability of the drum section can be ensured without rotation when it is braked.

[0045] Step 3: Paste a ceramic backing on the back of the Y-groove; ensure that a back weld is formed during the root pass welding. It should be noted that the ceramic backing itself has a groove structure that forces the weld formation. When the molten weld pool flows into the groove structure of the ceramic backing, it will solidify into the shape of the weld along with the shape of the groove.

[0046] Step 4: Adjust the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment according to the weld position;

[0047] Step 5: Use the MAG welding torch 6 of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment to weld the positions where the weld gap is greater than 1.5 mm.

[0048] As needed, the wire diameter of the MAG welding torch 6 is 1.2 mm, the welding current is 250 - 270 A, and the welding speed is 500 - 650 mm / min.

[0049] As needed, the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment includes a support frame 1 and a front-back slide rail pair 2 installed on one side of it. The sliding part of the front-back slide rail pair 2 is provided with a vertical slide rail pair 3, the sliding part of the vertical slide rail pair 3 is provided with a left-right slide rail pair 4, and an installation frame 5 is provided at the sliding part of the left-right slide rail pair 4 corresponding to one end of the support frame 1; the MAG welding torch 6 is installed on the installation frame 5.

[0050] As needed, to improve the practicability of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment, the installation frame 5 is rotatably arranged horizontally at the sliding part of the left-right slide rail pair 4.

[0051] Furthermore, the installation frame 5 is correspondingly connected to the sliding part of the left-right slide rail pair 4 through a rotating structure with a locking function, so that the installation frame 5 can rotate a certain angle when it needs to rotate and can ensure its fixed position when it does not need to rotate. The above rotating structure can adopt the structure of manually rotating the installation frame 5 in the existing technology, and can also be equipped with a power system to realize the function of automatically rotating the installation frame 5. For example, it includes a vertically arranged rotating rod, a sleeve sleeved outside the rotating rod, and a locking screw screwed on the body of the sleeve. The position of the rotating rod and the sleeve is fixed through the locking screw, where the rotating rod or the sleeve is fixedly connected to the installation frame 5, and the sleeve or the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the sliding part of the left-right slide rail pair 4.

[0052] Step 6: Use one SAW welding torch 7 in the front and two SAW welding torches 7 arranged in parallel at the rear of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment to weld the weld simultaneously; among them, one SAW welding torch 7 in the front performs root pass welding, and the two SAW welding torches 7 at the rear perform filler welding;

[0053] As required, the wire diameter of one SAW torch 7 in the front is 4 mm, the current is 580 - 620 A, and the welding speed is 550 - 600 mm / min; the wires of the two SAW torches 7 in the rear are 2 mm, and the current is 360 - 390 A.

[0054] It should be noted that: since the SAW torch 7 in the front and the SAW torch 7 in the rear operate simultaneously, at this time, the welding speed of the SAW torch 7 in the rear is the same as that of the SAW torch 7 in the front.

[0055] As required, the three SAW torches 7 are distributed in a triangle and are all installed on the mounting frame 5; the distance between the SAW torch 7 in the front and the SAW torches 7 in the rear is 45 - 55 mm, and the gap between the two SAW torches 7 in the rear is 30 - 50 mm; in this way, the two SAW torches 7 in the rear can utilize the residual heat after welding by the SAW torch 7 in the front, and appropriately reduce the welding current of the two SAW torches 7 in the rear while ensuring the welding quality. The two SAW torches 7 in the rear are inclined 15 ± 2° towards the weld center; in this way, the distance between the two SAW torches 7 in the rear can be increased, so that the position of the molten pool on the base material accounts for about 2 / 3 of the molten pool, and the heat can be dissipated by relying on the base material to ensure the impact performance of the weld and the heat affected zone. It should be noted that: there is a certain relationship between the welding speed of the SAW torch 7 and the distance between the three SAW torches 7, as well as the inclination angle of the two SAW torches 7 in the rear, otherwise the following situations are likely to occur: 1. When the welding speed is higher than the limit value, the weld formation is likely to be poor and the root pass is likely to be incomplete; 2. When the welding speed is lower than the limit value, due to the triangular arrangement of the three SAW torches 7, heat concentration will occur, resulting in weld burn-through and excessive heat input per unit length, which will affect the mechanical properties of the weld. However, the inclined setting of the two SAW torches 7 in the rear utilizes the base material to dissipate heat and reduces the lower limit of the welding speed limit.

[0056] It should be noted that: the front and rear positions are defined according to the direction of the torch movement during the welding process; specifically, the direction of the torch movement is the front.

[0057] Step seven: Repeat step six until the groove filling welding is completed.

[0058] During operation, before performing the operation in step seven, according to the need, after the mounting frame 5 is rotated horizontally by a certain angle, the return process of the sliding part of the front and rear slide rail pairs 2 is completed to repeat the operation in step six.

[0059] Embodiment two, in combination with the attached Figures 1-4 , A multi-machine collaborative welding method for thick plate drum grooves, which is different from Embodiment one in that steps five and six in Embodiment one are combined and executed, so that the MAG torch 6 and the SAW torch 7 operate simultaneously.

[0060] At this time, the welding speed is: 550 - 600 mm / min.

[0061] In this embodiment, the SAW torch 7 is located 50 - 100 mm behind the MAG torch 6.

[0062] It should be noted that: Since the residual heat generated by the operation of the MAG torch 6 (the temperature at the weld will increase to a certain extent) will be utilized by the SAW torch 7 in front, the current input of the SAW torch 7 can be appropriately reduced while ensuring the welding quality. At this time, the welding current of the SAW torch 7 in front is 550 - 600 A, thus achieving the effect of energy saving.

[0063] It should be noted that: When step six is executed for the first time, step six is executed simultaneously with step five; for the subsequent repeated execution of step six, only the three SAW torches 7 operate, while the MAG torch 6 no longer operates.

[0064] Embodiment three, in combination with the attached Figures 1-4 A multi - machine collaborative welding method for thick - plate drum grooves is different from Embodiment one in that a vision sensor 8 is also installed at the position of the mounting bracket 5 in front of the MAG torch 6.

[0065] At this time, step five in Embodiment one is changed to: Use the vision sensor 8 of the multi - machine collaborative welding equipment to pre - scan the weld, adjust the starting and ending positions and height of the multi - machine collaborative welding equipment according to the weld information, and use the MAG torch 6 of the multi - machine collaborative welding equipment to weld the positions where the weld gap is greater than 1.5 mm.

[0066] In this embodiment, as needed, the MAG torch 6 can be installed on the mounting bracket 5 through a linear slide rail pair arranged in the left - right direction, and the left - right position of the MAG torch 6 can be adjusted in real - time through the position with a larger weld gap. Specifically, the multi - machine collaborative welding equipment also has a control system connected to the vision sensor 8, and through the interaction between the vision sensor 8 and the control system, the left - right position of the MAG torch 6 is adjusted in real - time.

[0067] It should be noted that: The adjustment of the left - right position of the MAG torch 6 is a small - distance adjustment, generally within a range of 5 mm, so the length of this linear slide rail pair does not need to be designed too long.

[0068] As needed, the MAG torch 6 can also be installed on the mounting bracket 5 through a swing device. When the MAG torch 6 is not in use, the height of the MAG torch 6 can be increased through the swing device. That is to say, when the SAW torch welding is repeatedly executed, the height of the MAG torch 6 is increased through the swing device. Of course, when the swing device is not equipped, the height of the MAG torch 6 can be increased manually.

[0069] Embodiment four, in combination with the attached Figures 1-4, a multi-machine collaborative welding method for thick plate reel bevels, which is different from the third embodiment in that a vision sensor 8 is also installed at the position of the mounting bracket 5 in front of the MAG welding torch 6.

[0070] Steps five and six in the third embodiment are combined and executed, so that the MAG welding torch 6 and the SAW welding torch 7 operate simultaneously.

[0071] At this time, the welding speed is: 550 - 600 mm / min.

[0072] In this embodiment, the SAW welding torch 7 is located 50 - 100 mm behind the MAG welding torch 6.

[0073] It should be noted that: Since the waste heat generated by the operation of the MAG welding torch 6 (the temperature at the weld will increase to a certain extent) will be utilized by the SAW welding torch 7 in front, the current input of the SAW welding torch 7 can be appropriately reduced while ensuring the welding quality. At this time, the welding current of the SAW welding torch 7 in front is 550 - 600 A, thus achieving the effect of energy saving.

[0074] It should be noted that: The above linear slide rail pairs all adopt existing equipment equipped with standby power sources, and no further description will be given here.

[0075] The parts not detailed in the present invention are prior art. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention; therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, aiming to include all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements within the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-machine collaborative welding method for thick plate drum groove, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Roll the thick plate into a roll segment, and make a Y-shaped groove at the weld, wherein the slope angle of the Y-shaped groove is 60±2° and the blunt edge length is 1-2mm; Step 2: Place the drum segment on the support frame (1) of the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment, and ensure that the Y-shaped groove is placed upward; Step 3: Paste a ceramic liner with a forced weld forming groove structure on the back of the Y-shaped groove; Step 4: Adjust the multi-machine collaborative welding equipment according to the weld position; Step 5: Pre-scan the weld using the visual sensor (8) of the multi-machine collaborative welding device, and adjust the start and end positions and height of the multi-machine collaborative welding device according to the weld information, and use the MAG welding gun (6) of the multi-machine collaborative welding device to weld the position where the weld gap is greater than 1.5 mm, the MAG welding gun (6) is mounted on the mounting frame (5) through a linear slide rail pair arranged in the left and right directions, and the left and right positions of the MAG welding gun (6) are adjusted in real time through the larger weld gap position, and the multi-machine collaborative welding device also has a control system connected to the visual sensor (8), and the left and right positions of the MAG welding gun (6) are adjusted in real time through the interaction between the visual sensor (8) and the control system, and the adjustment range is within 5 mm; the welding wire diameter of the MAG welding gun is 1.2 mm, and the welding current is 250-270 A; Step 6: using a SAW welding gun (7) at the front and two SAW welding guns (7) arranged in parallel at the rear of the multi-machine collaborative welding device to weld the weld at the same time, with a welding speed of 550-600 mm / min; The three SAW welding guns (7) are arranged in a triangle shape, the spacing between the front SAW welding gun (7) and the two rear SAW welding guns (7) is 45-55 mm, the spacing between the two rear SAW welding guns (7) is 30-50 mm, and the two rear SAW welding guns (7) are inclined at 15±2° toward the center of the weld; the front SAW welding gun performs base welding, the welding wire diameter is 4 mm, and the welding current is 580-620 A; the two rear SAW welding guns perform filler welding, the welding wire diameter is 2 mm, and the welding current is 360-390 A; Step 7: Repeat step 6 until the groove filling welding is completed; When step six is ​​performed for the first time, the SAW welding gun (7) operates together with the MAG welding gun (6) at a welding speed of 550-600 mm / min. At this time, the front SAW welding gun (7) is located 50-100 mm behind the MAG welding gun (6), and the welding current of the front SAW welding gun (7) is 550-600 A.

2. The thick plate drum groove multi-machine collaborative welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-machine cooperative welding equipment comprises a support frame (1) and a front and rear slide rail pair (2) mounted on one side thereof, the sliding part of the front and rear slide rail pair (2) being provided with a vertical slide rail pair (3), the sliding part of the vertical slide rail pair (3) being provided with a left and right slide rail pair (4), and the sliding part of the left and right slide rail pair (4) being provided with a mounting frame (5) at one end of the support frame (1); The mounting frame (5) is provided with a visual sensor (8), a MAG welding gun (6), a SAW welding gun (7) and two SAW welding guns (7) in sequence from front to back, wherein the three SAW welding guns (7) are distributed in a triangular shape.

3. The thick plate drum groove multi-machine collaborative welding method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The support frame (1) comprises two support wheel groups (11) spaced apart at the front and rear, and the support wheel group (11) comprises two support wheels (111) spaced apart at the left and right, for stably supporting the reel segment.

4. The thick plate drum groove multi-machine collaborative welding method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The mounting frame (5) is horizontally rotatable and is arranged at one end of the sliding part of the left and right slide rail pairs (4). After step six, the mounting frame (5) is horizontally rotated by a certain angle, and the operation of repeating step six is ​​completed during the return process of the sliding part of the front and rear slide rail pairs (2).

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