A phase change energy lattice and method of making the same

Abstract

The application discloses a novel phase change energy grid and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of phase change energy storage materials. The energy grid product is composed of a shape-stabilized phase change system with heat energy storage performance and an envelope bag. The preparation method comprises the following steps: realizing shape-stabilized adsorption of a phase change base material and an additive by using a support skeleton material, and simultaneously realizing secondary packaging by means of an aluminum foil bag, so as to solve the problem of liquid leakage in a long-term cyclic use process. The application has the advantages of simple synthesis process and convenient application, the material has no obvious liquid leakage phenomenon during work, the phase change enthalpy value is high, and the price is low, so the application has a wide application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a phase change energy lattice and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of phase change energy storage materials. BACKGROUND

[0002] Phase change energy storage materials refer to substances that absorb (or release) a large amount of heat from the environment to maintain a constant temperature for a period of time during the heating (or cooling) process. According to the different phases, they can be divided into solid-solid phase change materials, solid-liquid phase change materials, solid-gas phase change materials and liquid-gas phase change materials; according to the chemical composition, they can be divided into organic phase change materials, inorganic phase change materials and composite phase change materials. At present, solid-liquid phase change materials are more studied.

[0003] Organic solid-liquid materials have low supercooling degree and good cycling performance, but are extremely flammable. Inorganic solid-liquid phase change materials have good flame retardancy and high enthalpy, but have the problem of easy phase separation. At the same time, the inevitable liquid leakage problem of organic and inorganic solid-liquid phase change materials during the phase change process is one of the main factors hindering their practical application. One method to prevent leakage is to encapsulate the phase change material as the core material and the polymer as the shell material. This method has high preparation cost and is not conducive to large-scale application. Another method is to use porous materials for encapsulation, such as fumed silica and expanded vermiculite. Using porous materials to shape and encapsulate phase change materials can alleviate the problem of liquid leakage, but due to the action of capillary force alone, the adsorption rate is low and the phase change material is easy to seep out of the pores, so the long-term use stability of the composite material is poor. And the shaped phase change material still has problems such as poor pressure resistance, poor cycle stability, and liquid leakage during long-term operation in practical application.

[0004] During the phase change process of gel-like phase change materials, the movement and rearrangement of molecular chains are relatively difficult, and supercooling phenomenon is easy to occur, that is, the material starts to change phase only when it is cooled below its theoretical phase change temperature. And the gel-like material has certain viscosity and elasticity, and poor flowability, which makes it difficult to uniformly fill the space in some applications that require close packing or complex shapes, which may lead to uneven local heat transfer. During the long-term use of gel-like phase change materials, problems such as degradation and aging of the gel structure may occur, leading to a decrease in performance; and the cycle performance is poor, and the gel structure of the gel-like phase change material may be damaged after multiple phase change cycles, leading to problems such as a decrease in phase change latent heat and a decrease in thermal conductivity. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problems in the prior art, the application provides a preparation of a phase change energy grid. The phase change energy grid prepared by the application has a suitable phase change temperature and a high phase change enthalpy value, and the flowability of the material after phase change is reduced through one-time adsorption of the modified support skeleton, the phase separation is reduced and the flame retardancy is improved through organic-inorganic compounding, and the liquid leakage problem in the phase change process is effectively solved through macro secondary packaging. Compared with the gel-like phase change material, the physical and chemical properties of the powder-like phase change material in the application are relatively stable, and the powder-like phase change material is not prone to deterioration or performance degradation during long-term use, and the particles of the powder-like phase change material are relatively stable during the phase change cycle, and can maintain good cycle performance. The material in the energy pack is in powder form, and is more easily filled during reproduction, and is more stable and long-acting during application, and the material synthesis process is simple, the product is easy to apply, and has a wide application prospect.

[0006] The technical scheme of the application is as follows:

[0007] A preparation of a phase change energy grid, which is composed of a composite shaped phase change system with heat energy storage performance and an envelope bag. The composite shaped phase change system is obtained by compounding a hydrophilic shaped phase change system and an oleophilic phase change system, and the hydrophilic and oleophilic phase change systems include modified support skeleton materials, phase change substrates and additives.

[0008] In the above technical scheme, the proportion of the hydrophilic and oleophilic phase change systems in the composite shaped phase change system is 2:8 to 8:2, wherein the mass proportion of the modified support skeleton material is 30% to 1%, the mass proportion of the phase change substrate is greater than or equal to 50% and less than 99%, and the additive proportion is greater than zero and less than or equal to 20%.

[0009] In the above technical scheme, the envelope bag is one of an aluminum foil bag, a tin foil bag, a copper foil bag, a PET bag, a PE bag, a polytetrafluoroethylene bag and a polypropylene bag.

[0010] The modified support skeleton material includes a hydrophilic modified support skeleton and an oleophilic modified support skeleton, and the hydrophilic and oleophobic modification methods include but are not limited to surface sintering, acid-base reaction, chemical grafting and gas phase reaction. The modified support skeleton material is one or two or more of porous silica, expanded vermiculite, diatomite, expanded perlite, expanded graphite, activated carbon, porous carbon, bentonite and porous ceramic through hydrophilic or oleophilic modification.

[0011] In the technical solution, the phase change base material is one or more of sodium carbonate decahydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium acetate trihydrate, copper sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate, barium hydroxide octahydrate, potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, paraffin, tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane, eicosane, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, dodecanol, tetradecanol, hexadecanol, octadecanol, polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 200-20000, xylitol, sorbitol, erythritol tetrapalmitate, galactitol hexapalmitate, galactitol hexaserate, glycerol tristearate, glycerol tripalmitate, glycerol trimyristate, butyl stearate, soybean oil, corn oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, and castor oil.

[0012] In the technical solution, the auxiliary agent is one or more of water, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, xanthan gum, carrageenan, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, dimethyl fumarate, diethyl fumarate and dibutyl fumarate, fumaric acid, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, p-chloro-m-dimethylphenol, salicylanilide and tetrachlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, sorbic acid and its salts, chloroacetic acid, halogenated phenoxyacetic acid, alkyl thiocyanic acid, halogenated salicylic acid, thiosalicylic acid, sodium chlorite, iodide, boric acid and its salts, sulfite and pyrosulfite, and sodium nitrite.

[0013] The present application also provides a preparation method of the energy grid, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) The hydrophilic and oleophilic phase change base materials are heated and melted at 50-80°C, and are stirred magnetically for 0.5-2h to form a uniform liquid.

[0015] (2) The auxiliary agent and modified support skeleton material are added to the phase change base material in the molten state in step (1), the hydrophilic modified skeleton material adsorbs the hydrophilic phase change base material, and the oleophilic modified skeleton material adsorbs the oleophilic phase change base material, and the stirring is not stopped during the process to ensure uniform mixing.

[0016] (3) The composite material in step (2) is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 50-80°C to obtain a hydrophilic shape-stabilized phase change system and an oleophilic phase change system.

[0017] (4) The prepared hydrophilic shape-stabilized phase change system and the oleophilic phase change system are repeatedly mixed and uniformly filled into an envelope bag, and are sealed by a hot press to obtain a phase change energy grid.

[0018] The application provides a preparation method of a phase change energy grid, which is composed of a composite fixed phase change system with heat energy storage performance and an encapsulation bag. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The DSC curve of the composite fixed phase change system in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 2 The DSC curve of the composite fixed phase change system in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 3 The DSC curve of the composite fixed phase change system in Example 2.

[0022] Figure 4 The DSC curve of the composite fixed phase change system in Comparative Example 2 before and after 50 cycles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following non-limiting examples can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any way. In the following examples, the test methods are conventional methods, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0024] A phase change energy grid, which encapsulates a powder-like composite fixed phase change material with heat energy storage performance in an encapsulation bag.

[0025] The composite shaped phase change material is obtained by compounding a hydrophilic shaped phase change system and an oleophilic phase change system, and the hydrophilic shaped phase change system and the oleophilic phase change system respectively comprise a modified support skeleton material, a phase change base material and an additive; the hydrophilic shaped phase change system comprises a hydrophilic modified support skeleton material, a phase change base material and an additive, and the oleophilic phase change system respectively comprises an oleophilic modified support skeleton material, a phase change base material and an additive.

[0026] The proportion of the hydrophilic shaped phase change material and the oleophilic phase change system in the composite shaped phase change system is 2:8 to 8:2, and the selection principle of the proportion of hydrophilicity and oleophilicity is to adjust according to the requirements of the application scene for the phase change temperature, flame retardant and other properties, such as 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 7:3 and 8:2. The mass proportion of the modified support skeleton material is 30% to 1%, such as 1%, 2%, 5%, 8%, 15%, 20% and 30%. The mass proportion of the phase change base material is greater than or equal to 50% and less than 99%, such as 50%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 95%. The additive proportion is greater than zero and less than or equal to 20%, such as 2%, 5%, 8% and 10%.

[0027] The encapsulation bag is a macroscopic packaging of the encapsulated powder-shaped composite shaped phase change material, which requires good sealing property to prevent leakage and block external substances; also has suitable mechanical property, which cannot be easily torn or broken in the process of daily handling, installation and use. Good thermal conductivity to quickly absorb and release heat, and can withstand corresponding high temperature without losing its sealing property and mechanical property. Also has chemical compatibility, which does not react with the phase change material. Good processing property, easy to shape and package, which can ensure the consistency and stability of quality in the packaging process, and can be mass-produced. The encapsulation bag can be selected from one of an aluminum foil bag, a tin foil bag, a copper foil bag, a PET bag, a PE bag, a polytetrafluoroethylene bag and a polypropylene bag according to the above performance requirements.

[0028] The modified support skeleton material is modified in hydrophilicity and oleophilicity to improve the compatibility with the phase change material, increase the thermal conductivity, and improve the stability and cycle performance of the material. The modified support skeleton material includes a hydrophilic modified support skeleton and an oleophilic modified support skeleton, the hydrophilic modified support skeleton is used in the hydrophilic shaped phase change material, and the oleophilic modified support skeleton is used in the oleophilic phase change system. The modification methods include surface sintering, acid-base reaction, chemical grafting and gas phase reaction. The modified support skeleton material is one or more of porous silica, expanded vermiculite, diatomite, expanded perlite, expanded graphite, activated carbon, porous carbon, bentonite and porous ceramic modified by hydrophilicity or oleophilicity.

[0029] The phase change base material is the core of the powder composite shaped phase change material, plays a core role in energy storage, determines the phase change temperature and latent heat characteristics, and affects the stability and cycle life of the material; at the same time, it plays a synergistic role with other components; the phase change base material is usually matched with other additives (such as support skeleton, stabilizer, thermal conductivity enhancer, etc.); the properties of the phase change base material affect the way it interacts with these additives. The phase change base material is a hydrophilic phase change base material and an oleophilic phase change base material, the hydrophilic phase change base material is one or more of sodium carbonate decahydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium acetate trihydrate, copper sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate, barium hydroxide octahydrate, and potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate; the oleophilic phase change base material is one or more of paraffin, tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane, eicosane, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, dodecanol, tetradecanol, hexadecanol, octadecanol, polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 200-20000, xylitol, sorbitol, erythritol tetrapalmitate, galactitol hexapalmitate, galactitol hexaserate, glyceryl tristearate, glyceryl tripalmitate, glyceryl trimyristate, butyl stearate, soybean oil, corn oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, and castor oil.

[0030] In order to generate a powder composite shaped phase change material while improving the performance of the phase change material, corresponding additives need to be used on the basis of the phase change base material and the modified support skeleton; these additives can play the following roles: in improving the cycle performance of the phase change material, promoting the crystallization of the phase change material, reducing supercooling and phase separation, and preventing the decline of phase change performance due to the loss of crystallization water; improving the thermal conductivity or adjusting the phase change temperature and latent heat. In terms of enhancing physical properties, enhancing stability: volume changes may occur during the phase change process, and the additives can play a role in stabilizing the structure; and improving flowability and fillability. In terms of improving chemical properties, improving chemical stability, and improving material compatibility. The additives used are one or more of water, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, xanthan gum, carrageenan, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, dimethyl fumarate, diethyl fumarate, dibutyl fumarate, fumaric acid, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, p-chloro-m-dimethylphenol, salicylanilide and tetrachlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, sorbic acid and its salts, chloroacetic acid, halogenated phenoxyacetic acid, alkyl thiocyanic acid, halogenated salicylic acid, thiosalicylic acid, sodium chlorite, iodide, boric acid and its salts, sulfite and pyrosulfite, and sodium nitrite.

[0031] The preparation method of the phase change energy grid comprises the following steps:

[0032] (1) The hydrophilic phase change base material and the oleophilic phase change base material are heated and melted at 50-80°C respectively, and are magnetically stirred for 0.5-2h to form a uniform liquid;

[0033] (2) Add the auxiliary agent and the hydrophilic modified support skeleton material to the hydrophilic phase change base material in the molten state in step (1), and the hydrophilic modified skeleton material adsorbs the hydrophilic phase change base material; add the auxiliary agent and the lipophilic modified support skeleton material to the lipophilic phase change base material in the molten state in step (1), and the lipophilic modified skeleton material adsorbs the lipophilic phase change base material; continuously stir to ensure uniform mixing;

[0034] (3) Heat the materials in step (2) to 50-80°C in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a hydrophilic shaped phase change system and a lipophilic phase change system;

[0035] (4) Mix the prepared hydrophilic shaped phase change system and lipophilic phase change system in a proportion, uniformly fill an encapsulation bag, and seal the bag with a hot press to obtain a phase change energy cell. Example 1

[0036] Sodium carbonate decahydrate and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate were weighed in a mass ratio of 5:5, placed in a 20 mL glass bottle, heated and stirred at 50°C for 1 h to mix them uniformly, and 2% sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, 5% water, 1% carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2% sodium benzoate were added; the phase change base material and the auxiliary agent were compounded with polyvinyl alcohol modified diatomite by vacuum impregnation, and after compounding, the mixture was heated in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C to obtain a hydrophilic shaped phase change system in powder form. The mass ratio of the phase change base material to the polyvinyl alcohol modified diatomite was 80:10.

[0037] The 25-degree phase change paraffin was heated and melted at 50°C, 2% sodium benzoate was added, and after uniform mixing, the mixture was compounded with PDMS vapor deposition modified porous carbon by vacuum impregnation. The PDMS vapor deposition modified porous carbon was obtained by mixing PDMS and porous carbon in a mass ratio of 1:3 in a vapor deposition device at 250°C for 1 h. After compounding, the mixture was heated in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C to obtain a lipophilic shaped phase change system in powder form. The mass ratio of the paraffin to the modified porous carbon was 90:8.

[0038] The prepared hydrophilic shaped phase change system and lipophilic shaped phase change system were mixed in a proportion of 2:8 to obtain a composite shaped phase change material in powder form, which was packaged in an aluminum foil bag to obtain an energy cell with phase change characteristics.

[0039] Figure 1 The prepared phase change energy cell product was completely sealed with a hot press, effectively solving the leakage problem of the phase change material, and was convenient to apply, which could be directly applied to scenes requiring thermal management; Figure 2The DSC curve of the phase change energy grid in Example 1 has a phase change temperature of 23.6℃ and a phase change enthalpy value of 158.5 J / g, which has a suitable phase change temperature and a high phase change enthalpy value.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Sodium sulfate decahydrate and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate are weighed in a mass ratio of 6:4, heated and stirred at 50℃ for 1h to make them uniformly mixed, and 2% sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, 5% deionized water, 1% sodium alginate and 2% potassium sorbate are added thereto, and the mixture is continuously heated and stirred at 50℃ for 0.5h to make the components uniformly mixed; the above phase change base material is compounded with polyvinyl alcohol modified diatomite, and after compounding, it is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for heating to obtain a hydrophilic shaped phase change system. The mass ratio of the phase change base material to the polyvinyl alcohol modified diatomite is 80:10.

[0042] Octadecane and eicosane are weighed in a mass ratio of 7:3, heated and melted at 50℃, 2% sodium benzoate is added thereto, and after mixing uniformly, the mixture is compounded with PDMS vapor deposition modified porous carbon by vacuum impregnation, the PDMS vapor deposition modified porous carbon is obtained by mixing PDMS and porous carbon in a mass ratio of 1:3 in a vapor deposition device at 250℃ for 1h. After compounding, it is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for heating to obtain an oleophilic shaped phase change system. The mass ratio of paraffin to modified porous carbon is 90:8.

[0043] The prepared hydrophilic shaped phase change system and the oleophilic shaped phase change system are mixed in a proportion of 3:7, packaged into an aluminum foil bag to obtain an energy grid with phase change characteristics.

[0044] Figure 3 The DSC curve of the phase change energy grid in Example 2 has a phase change temperature of 24℃ and a phase change enthalpy value of 157 J / g, which has a suitable phase change temperature and a high phase change enthalpy value.

[0045] Comparative Example:

[0046] Sodium sulfate decahydrate and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate are weighed in a mass ratio of 6:4, heated and stirred at 50℃ for 1h to make them uniformly mixed, and the above phase change base material is compounded with polyvinyl alcohol modified diatomite. The mass ratio of the phase change base material to the polyvinyl alcohol modified diatomite is 80:10.

[0047] The oleophilic shaped phase change system and the proportioning are consistent with Example 2. The internal material of the obtained energy package has flowability at a temperature higher than the phase change temperature, and after 50 cycles of cold and hot cycles, the enthalpy value is greatly reduced (from 157.8 J / g to 109.4 J / g, Figure 4), and the problem of swelling and bagging occurs, and the cycle stability, durability and practicality are significantly lower than those of Example 2. The energy pack of Example 2 remains unchanged after 100 cycles, and the enthalpy value does not decrease significantly, which is due to the addition of the auxiliary to reduce the problems of phase separation, water loss and flowability.

[0048] Examples 3-8

[0049] The packaging bag is replaced with a tin foil bag, a copper foil bag, a PET bag, a PE bag, a polytetrafluoroethylene bag, and a polypropylene bag, respectively, and the other conditions are consistent with Example 1, to obtain the corresponding energy pack.

[0050] Examples 9-13

[0051] The ratio of the hydrophilic shape-stabilized phase change system to the shape-stabilized phase change system in Example 1 is replaced with 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, and 8:2, respectively, and the other conditions are consistent with Example 1, to obtain the corresponding energy pack.

[0052] Examples 14-21

[0053] The supporting material of the hydrophilic shape-stabilized phase change system in Example 1 is replaced with polyvinyl alcohol modified porous silica, expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded graphite, activated carbon, porous carbon, bentonite, and porous ceramic, respectively, and the other conditions are consistent with Example 1, to obtain the corresponding energy pack.

[0054] Examples 22-29

[0055] The supporting material of the lipophilic shape-stabilized phase change system in Example 1 is replaced with PDMS vapor deposition modified porous silica, expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded graphite, activated carbon, diatomite, bentonite, and porous ceramic, respectively, and the other conditions are consistent with Example 1, to obtain the corresponding energy pack.

[0056] Examples 30-34

[0057] The sodium alginate auxiliary in the hydrophilic shape-stabilized phase change system in Example 2 is replaced with carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, carrageenan, polyacrylic acid, and sodium polyacrylate, respectively, and the other conditions are consistent with Example 2, to obtain the corresponding energy pack.

[0058] Examples 35-55

[0059] The potassium sorbate auxiliary in Example 2 is replaced with dimethyl fumarate, diethyl fumarate, dibutyl fumarate, fumaric acid, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, p-chloro-m-dimethylphenol, salicylic anilide, tetrachlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, sorbic acid, chloroacetic acid, halogenated phenoxyacetic acid, alkyl thiocyanic acid, halogenated salicylic acid, thiosalicylic acid, sodium chlorite, potassium iodide, boric acid, potassium pyrosulfite, and sodium nitrite, respectively, and the other conditions are consistent with Example 2, to obtain the corresponding energy pack.

[0060] Examples 56-75

[0061] The phase change material in the lipophilic fixed phase change system of Example 1 was replaced by tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane, eicosane, erythritol tetrapalmitate, galactitol hexapalmitate, galactitol hexaserate, glyceryl tristearate, glyceryl tripalmitate, glyceryl trimyristate, butyl stearate, soybean oil, corn oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, castor oil, respectively, and other conditions were the same as Example 1, to obtain the corresponding energy grid.

[0062] Examples 76-92

[0063] The phase change material in the lipophilic fixed phase change system of Example 1 was replaced by tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane, eicosane, erythritol tetrapalmitate, galactitol hexapalmitate, galactitol hexaserate, glyceryl tristearate, glyceryl tripalmitate, glyceryl trimyristate, butyl stearate, soybean oil, corn oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, castor oil, respectively, and other conditions were the same as Example 1, to obtain the corresponding energy grid.

[0064] Examples 93-96

[0065] The phase change material in the lipophilic fixed phase change system of Example 1 was replaced by glyceryl tristearate / glyceryl tripalmitate 2:8, glyceryl tristearate / glyceryl trimyristate 4:6, soybean oil / corn oil / rapeseed oil 2:3:5, octadecane / eicosane 5:5, respectively, and other conditions were the same as Example 1, to obtain the corresponding energy grid.

[0066] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements to part of the technical features, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A phase change energy lattice, characterized in that, The phase change energy cell adopts an encapsulation bag to encapsulate a powdery composite shaped phase change material with heat energy storage performance; The composite shaped phase change material is obtained by compounding a hydrophilic shaped phase change system and an oleophilic phase change system, and the hydrophilic shaped phase change system and the oleophilic phase change system respectively comprise a modified support skeleton material, a phase change base material and an additive; The modified support skeleton material comprises a hydrophilic modified support skeleton and an oleophilic modified support skeleton, the hydrophilic modified support skeleton is used in the hydrophilic shaped phase change material, and the oleophilic modified support skeleton is used in the oleophilic phase change system; The proportion of the hydrophilic shaped phase change system and the oleophilic phase change system in the composite shaped phase change system is 2:8 to 8:2, the mass proportion of the modified support skeleton material is 30% to 1%, the mass proportion of the phase change base material is greater than or equal to 50% and less than 99%, and the proportion of the additive is greater than zero and less than or equal to 20%.

2. The phase change energy lattice of claim 1, wherein, The encapsulation bag is one of an aluminum foil bag, a tin foil bag, a copper foil bag, a PET bag, a PE bag, a polytetrafluoroethylene bag and a polypropylene bag.

3. The phase change energy lattice of claim 1, wherein, The modification method comprises surface sintering, acid-base reaction, chemical grafting and gas phase reaction.

4. The phase change energy lattice of claim 3, wherein: The modified support skeleton material is one or two or more of porous silica, expanded vermiculite, diatomite, expanded perlite, expanded graphite, activated carbon, porous carbon, bentonite and porous ceramic through hydrophilic modification or oleophilic modification.

5. The phase change energy lattice of claim 1, wherein: The phase change base material is a hydrophilic phase change base material and an oleophilic phase change base material, the hydrophilic phase change base material is one or more of sodium carbonate decahydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium acetate trihydrate, copper sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate, barium hydroxide octahydrate and potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, and the oleophilic phase change base material is one or more of paraffin, tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane, eicosane, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, dodecanol, tetradecanol, hexadecanol, octadecanol, polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 200 to 20000, xylitol, sorbitol, erythritol tetrapalmitate, galactitol hexapalmitate, galactitol hexaserate, glyceryl tristearate, glyceryl tripalmitate, glyceryl trimyristate, butyl stearate, soybean oil, corn oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil and olive oil.

6. The phase change energy lattice of claim 1, wherein: The additive is one or more of water, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, xanthan gum, carrageenan, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, dimethyl fumarate, diethyl fumarate, dibutyl fumarate, fumaric acid, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, p-chloro-m-cresol, salicylic anilide and tetrachlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, sorbic acid and its salt, chloroacetic acid, halogenated phenoxyacetic acid, alkyl thiocyanic acid, halogenated salicylic acid, thiosalicylic acid, sodium chlorite, iodide, boric acid and its salt, sulfite and pyrosulfite, and sodium nitrite.

7. The method of claim 1-6, wherein: The method comprises the following steps: (1) The hydrophilic phase change base material and the oleophilic phase change base material are respectively heated and melted at 50 to 80℃, and are magnetically stirred for 0.5 to 2h to form a uniform liquid; (2) Add the assistant and the hydrophilic modified support skeleton material into the hydrophilic phase change material in the molten state in step (1), and the hydrophilic modified skeleton material adsorbs the hydrophilic phase change material; add the assistant and the lipophilic modified support skeleton material into the lipophilic phase change material in the molten state in step (1), and the lipophilic modified skeleton material adsorbs the lipophilic phase change material; continuously stir to ensure uniform mixing; (3) Place the composite material in step (2) in a vacuum drying oven at 50-80°C to obtain a hydrophilic shaped phase change system and a lipophilic phase change system; (4) Mix the prepared hydrophilic shaped phase change system and lipophilic phase change system uniformly according to the proportion, fill into an envelope bag, seal with a hot press, and obtain a phase change energy cell.

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