PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) drill bit with swing self-adaptive buffer structure

Abstract

The invention provides a PDC drill bit with a swing self-adaptive buffer structure, and relates to the field of drilling tools. The PDC drill bit with the swing self-adaptive buffer structure comprises a drill bit body, a plurality of blades are arranged at the cutting end of the drill bit body, a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged on one sides of the blades, a boss is arranged on the side, away from the cutting teeth, of each blade, a containing groove is formed in one side of each boss, a groove is formed in the side wall of each containing groove, and the cutting teeth are arranged in the grooves. And a baffle is slidably connected into the groove through a protruding block, one side of the baffle is in threaded connection with a first screw, the first screw penetrates through the baffle and extends into the boss, and a buffering mechanism is arranged in the containing groove. Instantaneous impact load borne by the drill bit from stratum rocks in the drilling process is absorbed through the arranged buffer mechanism, so that impact force of the cutting teeth can be reduced, damage to the cutting teeth caused by impact is reduced, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools, in particular to a PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure. Background Art

[0002] Rock breaking is the fundamental problem of drilling. Mechanical rock breaking is still the main operation method in oil and gas drilling at this stage. The drill bit is a rock-breaking tool used to break rocks and form a wellbore. As the absolute main force, the drill bit plays an irreplaceable role in drilling projects. Among them, roller bits and PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) drill bits are the most commonly used.

[0003] During the drilling process, the cutting teeth of the PDC drill bit overcome the ground stress under the action of the drilling pressure and eat into the formation, and shear and crush the formation material under the drive of torque. Compared with the rock breaking method of the roller bit by impact crushing, the required driving torque is larger. When drilling into deep and difficult-to-drill formations, especially when encountering soft and hard interlaced and gravel-containing formations, the depth of the drill bit entering the formation changes frequently, and the drill bit vibrates violently in the circumferential, lateral and axial directions. At this time, the drill bit cutting teeth are subjected to large circumferential and axial impact loads, resulting in the breakage and damage of the drill bit, the breakage of the drill tool, and the damage of other downhole tools and measuring instruments, which seriously affects the drilling efficiency. Therefore, a PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive structure is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a PDC drill bit with a swinging adaptive buffer structure, which solves the problem that the drill bit cutting teeth are subjected to large circumferential and axial impact loads, which easily causes the cutting teeth to break, and facilitates the installation of the buffer structure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention implements a PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure through the following technical solutions, including a drill bit body, a plurality of blades are provided at the cutting end of the drill bit body, a plurality of cutting teeth are provided on one side of the blade, a boss is provided on the side of the blade away from the cutting teeth, a receiving groove is provided on one side of the boss, a groove is provided on the sidewall of the receiving groove, a baffle is slidably connected in the groove through a convex block, a first screw is threadedly connected to one side of the baffle, the first screw passes through the baffle and extends into the boss, and a buffer mechanism is movably connected in the receiving groove;

[0006] The buffer mechanism comprises a swinging body, which is rotatably connected to the boss and the receiving groove through a first shaft pin. One side of the swinging body extends out of the receiving groove, and the other side is provided with a reset mechanism connected to the boss.

[0007] Preferably, a first mounting groove is provided on one side of the swinging body, and the reset mechanism comprises a first spring, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first mounting groove, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the boss accommodating groove.

[0008] Preferably, a fixed seat is provided in the accommodating groove, and the axis of the swinging body is rotatably connected to the fixed seat through a first axle pin, a fixed plate is fixedly connected in the fixed seat, and a second mounting groove is provided on the axial end surface of the swinging body, and the two fixed plates are inserted into the inner wall of the second mounting groove and are slidably connected to the second mounting groove, and the reset mechanism also includes a second spring, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second mounting groove, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed plate.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing seat is slidably connected in the boss receiving groove, a second screw is threadedly connected to one side of the boss, and one end of the second screw extends into the boss.

[0010] Preferably, a third mounting groove is provided in the middle of the oscillating body, the reset mechanism includes a first gear, the shaft end of the first gear is fixedly connected to the third mounting groove and is coaxially arranged with the first axle pin, a second gear meshingly connected to the first gear is rotatably connected in the accommodating groove through a second axle pin, the second gear is fixedly connected to a mounting plate on the side away from the first gear, and the mounting plate is provided with a third spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the accommodating groove.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of the third springs are provided, and the plurality of the third springs are respectively distributed on both sides of the mounting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the groove and the protrusion are dovetail-shaped in appearance.

[0013] Preferably, the head end of the oscillating body is provided with an inlay portion made of an impregnated diamond element or a diamond composite sheet.

[0014] Working principle: By setting a swingable buffer mechanism on the drill body, the buffer mechanism can realize reciprocating swing within a certain angle under the action of external force and reset mechanism, so as to buffer the cutting teeth of the drill body when cutting, so as to reduce the damage of the cutting teeth caused by impact and extend the working life of the drill bit. Specifically, when the swinging body follows the drill bit to drill, the reset mechanism formed by the swinging body and the spring and other structures is connected, and the reset mechanism is relatively fixed to the inner wall of the accommodating groove, so that when the swinging body follows the drill bit to drill and is loaded and swings, the reset mechanism is squeezed by the swinging, and a reaction force is applied to the swinging body to reset the swinging body, thereby achieving The swinging body resets in a cycle, continuously absorbing instantaneous impacts from the formation rock and absorbing impact loads, thereby reducing the impact force of the cutting teeth, reducing damage to the cutting teeth caused by impact, and extending the working life of the drill bit; during installation, first, the buffer mechanism and the reset mechanism are fixed in the boss receiving groove, and then the baffle is inserted into one side of the boss receiving groove through the groove and the protrusion, and then the baffle is fixed to the boss through a plurality of first screws. The arrangement of the groove and the protrusion increases the connection strength between the baffle and the boss, increases the force strength of the baffle when the swinging body swings in the buffer mechanism, and reduces the impact load on the first screw.

[0015] The present invention provides a PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention fixes the buffer mechanism and the reset mechanism in the receiving groove on the boss, then inserts the baffle plate into one side of the boss receiving groove through the groove and the protrusion, and then fixes the baffle plate on the boss through a plurality of first screws, so as to conveniently install the buffer mechanism on the drill bit body. At the same time, the arrangement of the groove and the protrusion increases the connection strength between the baffle plate and the boss, increases the force strength of the baffle plate when the swinging body swings in the buffer mechanism, and reduces the impact load on the first screw.

[0017] 2. The present invention absorbs the instantaneous impact load from the formation rock during the drilling process of the drill bit through the buffer mechanism, thereby reducing the impact force of the cutting teeth, reducing the damage to the cutting teeth caused by the impact, and extending the working life of the drill bit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the buffer mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer mechanism in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the buffer mechanism in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer mechanism in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Among them, 1. drill body; 101. blade; 102. cutting tooth; 103. boss; 104. groove; 2. buffer mechanism; 201. swing body; 202. first shaft pin; 203. first mounting groove; 204. second mounting groove; 205. third mounting groove; 3. reset mechanism; 301. first spring; 302. second spring; 303. first gear; 304. second gear; 305. second shaft pin; 306. mounting plate; 307. third spring; 4. baffle; 401. bump; 402. first screw; 403. second screw; 5. fixing seat; 501. fixing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure, including a drill bit body 1, a plurality of blades 101 are provided at the cutting end of the drill bit body 1, a plurality of cutting teeth 102 are provided on one side of the blade 101, a boss 103 is provided on the side of the blade 101 away from the cutting teeth 102, a receiving groove is provided on one side of the boss 103, a groove 104 is provided on the side wall of the receiving groove, and a baffle 4 is slidably connected in the groove 104 through a protrusion 401. The protrusion 401 and the baffle 4 are integrally formed, and the protrusion 401 and the groove 104 are both dovetail-shaped, and the two can be plugged and matched to connect the baffle 4 and the boss 103 together, and the baffle 4 can close the receiving groove for installing the buffer mechanism 2. A first screw 402 is threadedly connected to one side of the baffle 4, and the first screw 402 passes through the baffle 4 and extends into the boss 103, so as to increase the force strength of the baffle 4 when the buffer mechanism 2 swings and reduce the impact load on the first screw 402. A buffer mechanism 2 is movably connected in the receiving groove, and the receiving groove is extended from a side of the buffer mechanism 2 close to the blade wing 101 .

[0029] The baffle 4 can facilitate the installation of the buffer mechanism 2 by plugging and fitting with the groove 104 and the protrusion 401. During installation, the buffer mechanism 2 and the reset mechanism 3 are first fixed in the receiving groove of the boss 103, and then the baffle 4 is inserted into the boss 103 through the groove 104 and the protrusion 401 and the receiving groove is closed, and then the baffle 4 is fixed to the boss 103 by multiple first screws 402. The setting of the groove 104 and the protrusion 401 increases the connection strength between the baffle 4 and the boss 103.

[0030] The buffer mechanism 2 is used to withstand instantaneous impact from the formation rock during the drilling process of the drill bit and absorb the impact load, thereby reducing the impact force of the cutting teeth 102, thereby reducing the damage to the cutting teeth 102 caused by the impact and extending the working life of the drill bit.

[0031] The buffer mechanism 2 includes a swinging body 201, which is specifically cam-shaped. The swinging body 201 is rotatably connected in the receiving groove through a first shaft pin 202. One side of the swinging body 201 extends out of the receiving groove, and the other side is provided with a reset mechanism 3 connected to the boss 103. The swinging body 201 can be reset by absorbing part of the instantaneous impact load when the drill bit is drilling through the reset mechanism 3, so as to realize the reciprocating swing cycle of the swinging body 201. The head end of the swinging body 201 is provided with an inlay portion made of an impregnated diamond element or a diamond composite sheet.

[0032] A first mounting groove 203 is provided on one side of the displacement accommodation groove of the oscillating body 201, and the reset mechanism 3 includes a first spring 301, one end of the first spring 301 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first mounting groove 203, and the other end of the first spring 301 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the accommodation groove. The first mounting groove 203 extends along the axial direction of the first shaft pin 202, and a plurality of first springs 301 are fixed in the first mounting groove 203, and the plurality of first springs 301 are relatively fixed to the inner wall of the accommodation groove. By providing a plurality of first springs 301, when the oscillating body 201 follows the drill bit to drill, the plurality of first springs 301 are squeezed by the oscillating body 201, and a reaction force is applied to the oscillating body 201, so that the oscillating body 201 is reset.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] like Figure 5-6 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the main difference is that:

[0035] A fixing seat 5 is provided in the accommodating groove, and the fixing seat 5 is U-shaped. The swinging body 201 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the fixing seat 5 through the first axle pin 202. A fixing plate 501 is fixedly connected in the fixing seat 5. A second mounting groove 204 is coaxially provided on the axial end surface of the swinging body 201 and with the first axle pin 202. The fixing plate 501 is inserted into the second mounting groove 204 and is slidably connected to the second mounting groove 204.

[0036] The reset mechanism 3 includes a second spring 302, one end of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second mounting groove 204, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing plate 501. The second mounting grooves 204 are provided at both end surfaces of the swinging body 201, and a fixing plate 501 is fixed at the positions corresponding to the second mounting grooves 204 on the opposite side walls of the fixing seat 5. The reset mechanism 3 is provided with two corresponding second springs 302 so that the swinging body 201 is subjected to uniform force during the swinging process.

[0037] When the oscillating body 201 oscillates, the second spring 302 in the second mounting groove 204 is squeezed, and one end of the second spring 302 is fixed to the fixing plate 501 installed on one side of the fixing seat 5. The second spring 302 is squeezed to apply a reaction force to the oscillating body 201, so that the oscillating body 201 is reset.

[0038] The fixing seat 5 is slidably connected in the receiving groove, and a second screw 403 is threadedly connected to one side of the boss 103, and one end of the second screw 403 extends into the receiving groove. During installation, the buffer mechanism 2 can be installed on the fixing seat 5 in advance, and then the fixing seat 5 can be inserted into the receiving groove of the boss 103, and then the fixing seat 5 can be fixed on the boss 103 by multiple second screws 403.

[0039] Embodiment three:

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as the first and second embodiments, and the main differences are:

[0041] The axial center of the swinging body 201 is fixedly connected in the receiving groove through the first shaft pin 202, and a third mounting groove 205 is provided in the middle of the swinging body 201, and the third mounting groove 205 is open. The reset mechanism 3 also includes a first gear 303, the shaft end of the first gear 303 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the third mounting groove 205, the first gear 303 is coaxially arranged with the first shaft pin 202, and a second gear 304 meshingly connected with the first gear 303 is rotatably connected in the receiving groove through the second shaft pin 305, and a mounting plate 306 is fixedly connected to the side of the second gear 304 away from the first gear 303, and the mounting plate 306 is provided with a third spring 307 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove. A plurality of third springs 307 are provided, and the plurality of third springs 307 are respectively distributed on both sides of the mounting plate 306.

[0042] When the oscillating body 201 oscillates under load following the drilling of the drill bit, the first gear 303 rotates accordingly, thereby driving the second gear 304 to rotate around the second shaft pin 305, thereby driving the mounting plate 306 on the lower side of the second gear 304 to oscillate along the axis of the second gear 304, thereby squeezing and stretching the multiple third springs 307 fixed on both sides. At this time, the multiple third springs 307 on the squeezed side are squeezed and stressed, exerting a reaction force on the mounting plate 306, and at the same time, the multiple third springs 307 on the other side are stretched and stressed, so that the mounting plate 306 is reset, thereby driving the oscillating body 201 to reset through the first gear 303 and the second gear 304.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure, comprising a drill bit body (1), characterized in that: The cutting end of the drill bit body (1) is provided with a plurality of blades (101), a plurality of cutting teeth (102) are provided on one side of the blades (101), a boss (103) is provided on the side of the blades (101) away from the cutting teeth (102), a receiving groove is provided on one side of the boss (103), a groove (104) is provided on the side wall of the receiving groove, a baffle (4) is slidably connected in the groove (104) via a protrusion (401), a first screw (402) is threadedly connected in one side of the baffle (4), the first screw (402) passes through the baffle (4) and extends into the boss (103), and a buffer mechanism (2) is movably connected in the receiving groove; The buffer mechanism (2) comprises a swinging body (201), the swinging body (201) being rotatably connected to the receiving groove via a first shaft pin (202), one side of the swinging body (201) extending out of the receiving groove, and the other side being provided with a reset mechanism (3) connected to the boss (103).

2. A PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first mounting groove (203) is provided on one side of the swinging body (201), and the reset mechanism (3) comprises a first spring (301), one end of the first spring (301) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first mounting groove (203), and the other end of the first spring (301) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the accommodating groove.

3. A PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing seat (5) is provided in the receiving groove, the axis of the swinging body (201) is rotatably connected to the fixing seat (5) via a first shaft pin (202), a fixing plate (501) is fixedly connected in the fixing seat (5), a second mounting groove (204) is provided on the axial end surface of the swinging body (201), the fixing plate (501) is inserted into the second mounting groove (204) and is slidably connected to the second mounting groove (204), and the reset mechanism (3) comprises a second spring (302), one end of the second spring (302) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second mounting groove (204), and the other end of the second spring (302) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing plate (501).

4. A PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing seat (5) is slidably connected in the receiving groove of the boss (103), and a second screw (403) is threadedly connected to one side of the boss (103), and one end of the second screw (403) extends into the boss (103).

5. The PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swinging body (201) is provided with a third mounting groove (205), and the reset mechanism (3) comprises a first gear (303), the first gear (303) is fixedly connected in the third mounting groove (205) and is coaxial with the first shaft pin (202), a second gear (304) meshingly connected to the first gear (303) is rotatably connected in the receiving groove via a second shaft pin (305), and a mounting plate (306) is fixedly connected to the side of the second gear (304) away from the first gear (303), and the mounting plate (306) is provided with a third spring (307) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove.

6. A PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of the third springs (307) are provided, and the plurality of the third springs (307) are respectively distributed on both sides of the mounting plate (306).

7. A PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The groove (104) and the protrusion (401) are dovetail-shaped in appearance.

8. A PDC drill bit with a swing adaptive buffer structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The head end of the oscillating body (201) is provided with an inlay portion made of an impregnated diamond element or a diamond composite sheet.

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