Time-resolved spectroscopy measurement method, apparatus, device and medium based on multi-event time-to-digital converter

Abstract

The application relates to a time-resolved spectrum measurement method, device, equipment and medium based on a multi-event time-to-digital converter. The method comprises the following steps: a multi-event time-to-digital converter performs histogram statistics on different time response photon signals in each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in different laser pulse periods, so as to determine the photon signal distribution of the photon signals of a specific wavelength corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in different laser pulse periods; the multi-event time-to-digital converter performs delay combination on the photon signal distribution in different laser pulse periods, so as to determine the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signals of the specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, and integrate the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signals of the specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes to construct a time-resolved spectrum of a sample to be detected. The application can reduce the count loss or time error caused by the dead time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of single photon counting, and in particular to a time-resolved spectral measurement method based on a multi-event time-to-digital converter, a corresponding device, an electronic device and a computer readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) technology is used in time-resolved fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime detection, and has the advantages of high time resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio, etc., and the use of a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array and a time-to-digital converter (TDC) is a kind of efficient, compact and advanced TCSPC scheme.

[0003] The single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array has various pixel structures, and for spectral and fluorescence lifetime detection, a one-dimensional SPAD linear array can complete signal extraction, and separating the photosensitive element and the circuit helps to improve the fill factor of the detection, such as a 1x128 pixel array or a single row linear array with more pixels, and a 1x128 pixel photosensitive element corresponds to a 1x128 counting timing circuit outside the pixel. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the count, a multi-row linear array such as a 4x128 array, an 8x128 array or a multi-row linear array with more pixels is usually used, and the signals of the detectors in the same column are connected in parallel to a time-to-digital converter (TDC) for timing.

[0004] Compared with the method of configuring independent TDCs for individual pixels, the method of using a TDC in parallel for a multi-row pixel linear array has no difference in a weak light environment, but when the light signal is strong, the method of a single row linear array is affected by the pileup effect caused by the dead time of the single photon avalanche diode (SPAD), which means that multiple photon signals enter the detector at the same time or very close to the time, causing the detector to be unable to distinguish each photon signal, and the method of parallel output of a multi-row linear array causes multiple single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) parallel electric pulses to be superimposed into a single pulse with a higher voltage amplitude, so that the time-to-digital converter (TDC) recognizes it as a single pulse signal, thereby reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the count and affecting the time-lifetime line type.

[0005] In summary, the method of a single row linear array is affected by the pileup effect caused by the dead time of the single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) when the light signal is strong, multiple photon signals enter the detector at the same time or very close to the time, causing the detector to be unable to distinguish each photon signal, and the method of parallel output of a multi-row linear array causes multiple electric pulses to be superimposed, so that the time-to-digital converter (TDC) recognizes it as a single pulse, thereby reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the count and affecting the time-lifetime line type, etc. The present application makes corresponding explorations to solve the problem. SUMMARY

[0006] The application aims to solve the above problems and provide a time-resolved spectrum measurement method based on a multi-event time-to-digital converter, a corresponding device, an electronic device and a computer readable storage medium.

[0007] To achieve the various purposes of the application, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A time-resolved spectrum measurement method based on a multi-event time-to-digital converter is proposed to adapt to one of the purposes of the application, comprising:

[0009] In response to a time-resolved spectrum measurement instruction, a pulsed laser is used to emit laser light to a sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period, so as to determine a synchronization pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period;

[0010] The synchronization pulse signal is used to trigger a multi-event time-to-digital converter to receive a different time response photon signal corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes in a single photon avalanche diode array within the laser pulse period, wherein a pixel column corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes receives a photon signal of the same wavelength, each column of single photon avalanche diodes includes a plurality of single photon avalanche diodes, the multi-event time-to-digital converter includes a plurality of single-column multi-event time-to-digital converters, and each single-column multi-event time-to-digital converter corresponds to each column of single photon avalanche diodes one by one;

[0011] The multi-event time-to-digital converter performs histogram statistics on the different time response photon signals in each column of single photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods, so as to determine the photon signal distribution of the photon signal of a specific wavelength corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods;

[0012] The multi-event time-to-digital converter delays and combines the photon signal distribution within the different laser pulse periods to determine the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of the specific wavelength of each column of single photon avalanche diodes, integrates the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of the specific wavelength of each column of single photon avalanche diodes to construct a time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, and completes the measurement of the time-resolved spectrum based on the multi-event time-to-digital converter.

[0013] Optionally, the step of emitting laser light to the sample to be detected by the pulsed laser according to the preset laser pulse period to determine the synchronization pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period comprises:

[0014] The pulsed laser emits a laser pulse to the sample to be detected according to the preset laser pulse period to excite the sample to be detected to emit Raman scattering and fluorescence signals, wherein the laser pulse period is determined by the frequency of the laser pulse;

[0015] The Raman scattering and fluorescence signals of the sample to be detected are dispersed and spectrally resolved by the spectral system and then irradiated onto the array of single photon avalanche diodes.

[0016] Optionally, before the step of triggering the multi-event time-to-digital converter with the synchronization pulse signal to receive the different time response photon signals of each column of single photon avalanche diodes in the array of single photon avalanche diodes within the laser pulse period, the method further comprises:

[0017] In response to the spectral system calibration instruction, the spectrometer decomposes the light emitted by the mercury lamp into different wavelength photon signals and maps the different wavelength photon signals to the array of single photon avalanche diodes, each wavelength photon signal forming a narrow vertical bright line on the detection surface to form a plurality of narrow vertical bright lines, wherein each vertical bright line represents a wavelength photon signal.

[0018] The array of single photon avalanche diodes acquires the position of each pixel point and the corresponding spectral information thereof to record the brightness information of different positions to form a spectral graph.

[0019] Based on the spectral graph, a mapping relationship between each wavelength photon signal and the pixel column of the array of single photon avalanche diodes is established to complete the calibration of the spectral system.

[0020] Optionally, the step of the multi-event time-to-digital converter performing histogram statistics on the different time response photon signals in each column of single photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods to determine the photon signal distribution of the specific wavelength photon signal corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods, comprises:

[0021] The time delay amount corresponding to each row of pixels in the array of single photon avalanche diodes is acquired.

[0022] Based on the time delay amount corresponding to each row of pixels, the pixel column corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes in the array of single photon avalanche diodes collects photon events to distinguish different time response photon signals.

[0023] The multi-event time-to-digital converter performs time resolution statistics on the pixel signals corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes to generate a statistical histogram to determine the photon signal distribution in each column of single photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods to construct the photon lifetime curve.

[0024] Optionally, the multi-event time-to-digital converter delays and combines the photon signal distribution in different laser pulse periods to determine the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, integrates the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, and the step includes:

[0025] In each laser pulse period, the multi-event time-to-digital converter counts the time distribution of photon events of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in the single-photon avalanche diode array to determine the time decay curve corresponding to the photon signal of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes;

[0026] Integrating the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signals of different columns of single-photon avalanche diodes to determine the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of each wavelength to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected.

[0027] Optionally, after the step of the multi-event time-to-digital converter delaying and combining the photon signal distribution in different laser pulse periods to determine the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, integrating the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, the step includes:

[0028] Obtaining the photon lifetime curves of different wavelengths in the time-resolved spectrum;

[0029] Fitting the photon lifetime curves of different wavelengths to determine the fluorescence lifetime of a specific wavelength.

[0030] Optionally, the multi-event time-to-digital converter includes a plurality of single-column multi-event time-to-digital converters, each single-column multi-event time-to-digital converter corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, the single-photon avalanche diode array being a 4×128 single-photon avalanche diode array, and the photon signal distribution representing the time response mode of the photon signal received by each column of single-photon avalanche diode arrays in each single-photon avalanche diode array in different laser pulse periods.

[0031] Another object of the present application is to provide a multi-event time-to-digital converter-based time-resolved spectrum measurement device, which includes:

[0032] The pulse signal excitation module is configured to respond to a time-resolved spectrum measurement instruction and emit laser light to a sample to be detected by using a pulse laser according to a preset laser pulse period to determine a synchronous pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period.

[0033] The photon signal receiving module is configured to trigger a multi-event time-to-digital converter by using the synchronization pulse signal to receive photon signals of different time responses corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes in the single photon avalanche diode array within the laser pulse period, wherein each column of single photon avalanche diodes corresponds to a pixel column receiving photon signals of the same wavelength, and each column of single photon avalanche diodes includes a plurality of single photon avalanche diodes.

[0034] The photon signal distribution determining module is configured to perform histogram statistics on the photon signals of different time responses in each column of single photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods by using the multi-event time-to-digital converter to determine the photon signal distribution of the photon signals of a specific wavelength corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods.

[0035] The time-resolved spectrum measurement module is configured to perform delay combination on the photon signal distributions within the different laser pulse periods by using the multi-event time-to-digital converter to determine the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signals of the specific wavelength of each column of single photon avalanche diodes, integrate the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signals of the specific wavelength of each column of single photon avalanche diodes to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, and complete the measurement of the time-resolved spectrum based on the multi-event time-to-digital converter.

[0036] An electronic device is provided to adapt to another object of the present application, including a central processing unit and a memory, the central processing unit is used to call and run a computer program stored in the memory to execute the steps of the time-resolved spectrum measurement method based on the multi-event time-to-digital converter.

[0037] A computer readable storage medium is provided to adapt to another object of the present application, which stores a computer program implemented according to the time-resolved spectrum measurement method based on the multi-event time-to-digital converter in the form of computer readable instructions, when the computer program is called and run by a computer, the steps included in the corresponding method are executed.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present application is aimed at the problems in the prior art that when the light signal is strong, the single-row linear array method is affected by the pileup effect caused by the single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) dead time, multiple photon signals enter the detector at the same time or very close time, which causes the detector to be unable to distinguish each photon signal, and the parallel output multi-row linear array method causes the superposition of multiple electrical pulses, which makes the time-to-digital converter (TDC) recognize as a single pulse, thereby reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the count and affecting the linearity of the time lifetime, etc. The present application includes but is not limited to the following beneficial effects:

[0039] First, the present application, by adopting a multi-photon response approach, can provide a higher signal-to-noise ratio compared to the traditional direct parallel output approach. This is because multi-photon response can effectively increase the number of photons collected or optimize detector performance, thereby improving signal clarity at the same signal intensity. A high signal-to-noise ratio can effectively reduce the impact of noise and improve the accuracy of signal detection, especially in the detection of weak signals.

[0040] Secondly, the present application increases the interval between signals by delaying multiple signals, effectively overcoming the dead time problem inherent in the multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC). By delaying the signal processing and increasing the signal interval, the overlap of multiple photon events within the dead time can be avoided, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of multi-event counting, effectively reducing event loss and counting errors, and improving measurement accuracy. This is of great significance in high-frequency signal or high-speed detection systems.

[0041] Third, by combining multiple signals into a single output signal, the number of interfaces is simplified. In traditional systems, each signal may require a separate interface and processing circuit. However, by combining the signals, this application can reduce hardware complexity, thereby reducing costs and improving system maintainability and stability.

[0042] Fourthly, the present application can overcome the dead time effect. By delaying and merging the signals of multiple rows of pixels, the influence of dead time can be effectively avoided. When multiple photons arrive, the signals of different pixels may be affected by different degrees of dead time interference. The delay and merging process can accurately adjust and compensate the time information of these signals, reducing the count loss or time error caused by dead time.

[0043] Fifth, this application can improve time accuracy and detection sensitivity, and delay signal processing and merging can help improve the system's performance in time resolution and sensitivity. In the single-photon counting environment, the system can better recover and reconstruct the signal, thereby obtaining a more accurate timestamp and higher detection sensitivity, especially in measurement tasks requiring high time accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0045] Figure 1 This is an exemplary network architecture used in the time-resolved spectroscopy measurement method based on a multi-event time-to-digital converter of this application;

[0046] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the time-correlated single photon counting Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of histogram statistics and delay merging for a multi-event time-to-digital converter in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of calibration of a spectral system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of time-resolved spectroscopy and photon lifetime measurement in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a time-resolved spectroscopy measurement device based on a multi-event time-to-digital converter in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein the embodiments of the application are shown by way of examples. The embodiments of the application described below are examples for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0053] It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on" another element or substrate, it can be directly on the element or substrate or intervening layers can also be present. Further, it should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected", "coupled", or "adjacent" to another element, it can be directly connected, coupled, or adjacent to the other element, or intervening elements can also be present. In addition, the term "connected" or "coupled" as used herein can include the case of being wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0054] It should be understood that the terms used herein are not intended to limit the present application unless otherwise specifically defined. Further, unless otherwise specifically defined, the terms "include", "comprise", "consist of", and "consist essentially of" used herein should be construed as allowing for the inclusion of additional elements, steps, operations, components, and / or the like. In addition, the term "connected" or "coupled" as used herein can include the case of being wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will understand that, as used herein, the terms "client," "terminal," and "terminal device" include both devices that are solely wireless signal receivers and devices that have both receiving and transmitting hardware that can communicate bi-directionally over a bi-directional communication link. Such devices can include cellular or other communication devices with single-line or multiple-line displays, or no display, Personal Communications Service (PCS) devices that can combine a voice and / or data processor, a PDA that can include a radio frequency receiver and a pager, Internet and / or Intranet access, a Web browser, a calendar, and / or a GPS receiver, a conventional laptop and / or palmtop computer and / or other devices that have a radio frequency receiver. As used herein, the terms "client," "terminal," and "terminal device" can be portable, transportable, mounted in a vehicle (aeronautical, maritime, and / or land), or adapted and / or configured for local and / or distributed operation on Earth and / or any other location in space. As used herein, the terms "client," "terminal," and "terminal device" can also be a communication terminal, an Internet terminal, a music / video playing terminal, such as a PDA, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), and / or a mobile phone with music / video playing function, a smart television, a set-top box, and / or the like.

[0056] As used herein, the terms "server," "client," "service node," and the like refer to hardware that has the equivalent capability of a personal computer, i.e., an electronic device having a central processing unit (including an arithmetic unit and a controller), a memory, an input device, and an output device, and the like necessary components disclosed by the Von Neumann principle. A computer program is stored in the memory, the central processing unit loads the program stored in the external memory into the memory and runs it, executes the instructions in the program, and interacts with the input and output devices, thereby completing a specific function.

[0057] It should be noted that the concept of "server" in the present application can also be extended to the case of a server cluster. According to the principle of network deployment understood by those skilled in the art, the servers should be logically divided, and in physical space, these servers can be independent of each other but can be called through an interface, or can be integrated into a physical computer or a computer cluster. Those skilled in the art should understand this variation and should not be restricted by the implementation of the network deployment of the present application.

[0058] One or more technical features of the present application, unless explicitly specified, can be deployed on a server for implementation and accessed by a client remotely calling an online service interface provided by the server, or can be directly deployed and run on a client for implementation and access.

[0059] The neural network model referred to or possibly referred to in the present application, unless explicitly specified, can be deployed on a remote server and remotely called at the client, or can be deployed on a client with sufficient device capability for direct calling, and in some embodiments, when it runs on a client, its corresponding intelligence can be obtained through transfer learning to reduce the requirement for client hardware running resources and avoid excessive occupation of client hardware running resources.

[0060] The various data involved in the present application, unless explicitly specified, can be remotely stored on a server or stored on a local terminal device, as long as it is suitable for being called by the technical solutions of the present application.

[0061] Those skilled in the art should know that the various methods of the present application, although based on the same concept and described to present commonality among them, are independently executable unless otherwise specified. Similarly, for each embodiment disclosed in the present application, it is based on the same inventive concept, and therefore, for the same concept of expression, and although the concept of expression is different, it is only for the convenience of appropriate transformation of the concept. The concept should be understood as equivalent.

[0062] Unless it is explicitly stated that the embodiments disclosed in the present application are mutually exclusive, the technical features involved in each embodiment can be combined flexibly to construct new embodiments, as long as such combination does not deviate from the spirit of the present application and can meet the needs of the prior art or solve some aspects of the deficiencies in the prior art. For this variation, those skilled in the art should know.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 The time-resolved spectral measurement method based on the multi-event time converter of the present application includes, in one embodiment thereof:

[0064] Step S10, in response to the time-resolved spectrum measurement instruction, a pulsed laser is used to emit laser to the sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period, so as to determine a synchronization pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period.

[0065] The time-resolved spectrum measurement system in the terminal device can respond to the time-resolved spectrum measurement instruction, and a pulsed laser is used to emit laser to the sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period, so as to determine a synchronization pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period.

[0066] In some embodiments, the step of using a pulsed laser to emit laser to the sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period to determine a synchronization pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period comprises:

[0067] Step S101, the pulsed laser emits laser pulses to the sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period to excite the sample to be detected to emit Raman scattering and fluorescence signals, wherein the laser pulse period is determined by the frequency of the laser pulses.

[0068] Step S102, after the Raman scattering and fluorescence signals of the sample to be detected are dispersed and spectrally analyzed by the spectrum system, the signals are irradiated onto the single-photon avalanche diode array.

[0069] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 , a time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) Raman and fluorescence spectrum system is built, the pulsed laser 400 emits pulsed laser to the signal acquisition module 500, the pulse repetition frequency is f, such as 10Mhz, 20Mhz, etc., and the corresponding laser pulse period is T.

[0070] The signal acquisition module 500 collects the Raman and fluorescence signals of the sample to be detected, and disperses and spectrally analyzes the photon signals by the spectrum system 300, and the single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array chip 100 is on the detector image plane, wherein the single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array chip 100 comprises a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101, a delay unit 102 and a parallel-serial conversion unit 103, assuming that the single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101 has M rows and N columns of pixels, the delay unit 102 sets the delay amount to 0, T / M, 2T / M, …, (M-1)*T / M, and in the same pulse period T, the multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC) chip 200 has a histogram statistical function, taking the synchronization pulse signal of the pulsed laser 400 as the Start signal, the signals of the M rows of pixels in the same column are photon events (Events) for histogram statistics, and finally the M rows of statistical lifetime curves are combined, N columns correspond to different wavelengths of photon lifetime, and the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected and the lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signals of each wavelength are obtained.

[0071] In further embodiments, referring to Figure 3 The single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101 is a 4x128 single photon avalanche diode array, each column corresponds to Row1, Row2…Row128, and each row corresponds to Row1A, Row1B, Row1C and Row1D. The first column of detectors transmits the photon event signals to the delay unit 102 in the same pulse period, Row1A, Row1B, Row1C, Row1D respectively. After the delay unit 102 delays the signals of Row1A, Row1B, Row1C, Row1D rows respectively, the signals are transmitted to the parallel-serial conversion unit 103 and the signals are connected in series. Finally, the multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC) chip 200 measures, histogram statistics and delay merging (triggered by laser synchronization pulse synchronization) the signals connected in series to obtain the photon lifetime curve of the first column of detectors. Finally, the lifetime curves of the photon signals of different wavelengths counted by the multi-column time-to-digital converter (TDC) are integrated to obtain the time-resolved spectrum or the fluorescence lifetime of a specific wavelength.

[0072] The single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101 is a multi-row linear array SPAD detector, and the photosensitive unit is in each pixel. The pixel structure does not contain circuit structure, and the signal is led out by the lead wire between the pixel photosensitive units.

[0073] The delay unit 102 is a delay implemented on-chip, which functions to apply the same delay to the pixels in the same row, ensuring that the minimum and maximum delay signals are still within one laser period and do not interfere with each other.

[0074] The parallel-serial conversion unit 103 is implemented on-chip, which realizes the parallel-serial conversion of the delayed multi-channel detector signals, and each column of detectors corresponds to a parallel-serial conversion unit.

[0075] The multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC) chip 200 has the functions of time measurement, histogram statistics and delay merging, which can be realized by different embodiments, such as integrated with the single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101 on the same chip, or integrated separately into a chip connected through packaging, or realized by FPGA to realize multi-channel multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC).

[0076] For the photon event signal delayed by the delay unit 102, the multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC) chip 200 records it in a multi-event manner, and uses a histogram to count the signals of different laser pulse periods. The single-channel time-to-digital converter (TDC) can obtain the photon lifetime curve of the pixel column of multiple rows of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) in the same column. The merging of multiple lifetime curves can be achieved through hardware programs or software to obtain the histogram statistics of the photon events of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs).

[0077] Step S20, using the synchronous pulse signal to trigger a multi-event time-to-digital converter to receive photon signals with different time responses corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in the single-photon avalanche diode array within the laser pulse period, wherein the pixel columns corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes receive photon signals of the same wavelength, and each column of single-photon avalanche diodes includes multiple single-photon avalanche diodes;

[0078] A pulse laser is used to emit laser light to a sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period to determine a synchronous pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period. The synchronous pulse signal is then used to trigger a multi-event time-to-digital converter to receive photon signals with different time responses corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in a single-photon avalanche diode array within the laser pulse period, wherein the pixel column corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes receives photon signals of the same wavelength, and each column of single-photon avalanche diodes includes multiple single-photon avalanche diodes; the multi-event time-to-digital converter includes multiple single-column multi-event time-to-digital converters, each of which corresponds one-to-one to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, and the single-photon avalanche diode array is a 4×128 single-photon avalanche diode array.

[0079] In some embodiments, before the step of using the synchronization pulse signal to trigger a multi-event time-to-digital converter to receive photon signals with different time responses corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in the single-photon avalanche diode array within the laser pulse period, the method includes:

[0080] Step S201: In response to a spectral system calibration instruction, the spectrometer decomposes the light emitted by the mercury lamp into photon signals of different wavelengths, and maps the photon signals of different wavelengths to the single-photon avalanche diode array. Each wavelength of the photon signal forms a narrow vertical bright streak on the detection surface, thereby forming multiple narrow vertical bright streaks, wherein each vertical bright streak represents a photon signal of one wavelength.

[0081] Step S202: The single-photon avalanche diode array obtains the position of each pixel and its corresponding spectral information to record the brightness information of different positions to form a spectrum graph;

[0082] Step S203, based on the spectral diagram, a mapping relationship between the photon signal of each wavelength and the pixel column of the single photon avalanche diode array is established to complete the calibration of the spectral system.

[0083] Specifically, referring to Figure 4 , the spectral system is calibrated by using a mercury lamp calibration light source. The mercury lamp image plane spectrum 301 corresponds to a narrow vertical bright line at each wavelength on the detection surface, and the spectral diagram 302 corresponding to the pixel position is obtained. The spectral system is adjusted to ensure that the single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101 in the spectral range in the Figure 2 . Since the spectrum of the mercury lamp is known, the correspondence between the specific wavelength and the pixel column (Row) can be established, and the same wavelength photon signal is in the same column of pixels.

[0084] The spectrometer decomposes the light generated by the mercury lamp into different wavelength photon signals to form a series of very narrow vertical bright lines, which correspond to different wavelength photon signals on the detection surface. Then, by recording and analyzing these vertical bright lines, a spectral diagram is obtained. Based on the spectral diagram, a mapping relationship between the photon signal of each wavelength and the pixel column of the single photon avalanche diode array is established. The single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101 is composed of multiple pixels, which are distributed in different rows and columns. The pixels in each column usually correspond to a specific wavelength range. By using the mercury lamp to calibrate the spectral system, the correspondence between each column of pixels and a specific wavelength can be determined.

[0085] By establishing the correspondence between the wavelength and the pixel column, i.e. the light signal received by each column of pixels corresponds to a specific wavelength, the position of the spectral system is adjusted to ensure the appropriate spectral range, and it is ensured that each pixel column in the single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101 receives different wavelength photon signals.

[0086] Step S30, the multi-event time-to-digital converter performs histogram statistics on the different time responses of the photon signal in each column of single photon avalanche diodes in different laser pulse periods to determine the photon signal distribution of the photon signal of a specific wavelength corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes in different laser pulse periods;

[0087] After the multi-event time-to-digital converter is triggered by the synchronization pulse signal to receive the different time response photon signals of each column of single photon avalanche diodes in the single photon avalanche diode array corresponding to the laser pulse period, the multi-event time-to-digital converter performs histogram statistics on the different time response photon signals of each column of single photon avalanche diodes in different laser pulse periods to determine the photon signal distribution of the photon signal of a specific wavelength corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes in different laser pulse periods, wherein the photon signal distribution represents the time response mode of the photon signal received by each column of single photon avalanche diode arrays in each single photon avalanche diode array in different laser pulse periods.

[0088] In the embodied embodiment, the step of performing histogram statistics on the different time response photon signals of each column of single photon avalanche diodes in different laser pulse periods to determine the photon signal distribution of the photon signal of a specific wavelength corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes in different laser pulse periods by the multi-event time-to-digital converter includes:

[0089] Step S301, obtaining the time delay corresponding to each row of pixels in the single photon avalanche diode array;

[0090] Step S302, based on the time delay corresponding to each row of pixels, the pixel column corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes in the single photon avalanche diode array collects photon events to distinguish different time response photon signals;

[0091] Step S303, the multi-event time-to-digital converter performs time resolution statistics on the pixel signal corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes to generate a statistical histogram to determine the photon signal distribution in different laser pulse periods in each column of single photon avalanche diodes to construct the photon lifetime curve.

[0092] Specifically, in the single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101, each column contains a plurality of single photon avalanche diodes, and these single photon avalanche diodes are usually arranged on different rows in the same column, for example, there is an M-row N-column single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array, and each column contains M detectors (each detector is located on a different row).

[0093] Each single photon avalanche diode (such as in the first row, the second row, the Mth row) receives an optical signal in the same wavelength range because they all belong to the same column of pixels, and the main difference between these different rows is the time difference of their detection signals, that is, the delay amount (0, T / M, 2T / M, etc.) set by the delay unit 102, which controls the time response of each single photon avalanche diode so that the collected signals of the single photon avalanche diodes in the same pulse period T are staggered in time, thereby achieving the statistics of multiple events.

[0094] Because the photon signals of the M single photon avalanche diodes in each column have different delays in time (0, T / M, 2T / M,...), the single photon avalanche diodes in the same column can collect signals at different time points, respectively, which makes it possible to use these single photon avalanche diodes for time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) experiments, and further obtain the photon lifetime information of different wavelengths.

[0095] Each column of pixels in the single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101 corresponds to a specific wavelength of photons, and each detector receives different time distributions of optical signals of this wavelength. By statistically combining the signals of all M detectors in each column, the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signals of this wavelength can be obtained.

[0096] In step S40, the multi-event analog-to-digital converter combines the photon signal distributions in different laser pulse periods by delaying to determine the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signals of a specific wavelength of each column of single photon avalanche diodes, integrates the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signals of a specific wavelength of each column of single photon avalanche diodes to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, and completes the measurement of the time-resolved spectrum based on the multi-event analog-to-digital converter.

[0097] After the multi-event analog-to-digital converter statistically analyzes the photon signals of different time responses in each column of single photon avalanche diodes in different laser pulse periods to determine the photon signal distribution of the photon signals of a specific wavelength corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes in different laser pulse periods, the multi-event analog-to-digital converter combines the photon signal distributions in different laser pulse periods by delaying to determine the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signals of a specific wavelength of each column of single photon avalanche diodes, integrates the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signals of a specific wavelength of each column of single photon avalanche diodes to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, and completes the measurement of the time-resolved spectrum based on the multi-event analog-to-digital converter.

[0098] In some embodiments, the multi-event time-to-digital converter delays and combines the photon signal distribution in the different laser pulse periods to determine a photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of a specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, integrates the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signal of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, and the step includes:

[0099] In step S401, the multi-event time-to-digital converter counts the time distribution of the photon event occurrence of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in the single-photon avalanche diode array in each laser pulse period to determine a time decay curve corresponding to the photon signal of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes.

[0100] In step S402, the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signals of different columns of single-photon avalanche diodes are integrated to determine a photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of each wavelength to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected.

[0101] Specifically, in the pulse period of the pulsed laser, the multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC) chip 200 takes the synchronization pulse of the pulsed laser as the start signal, and then performs histogram statistics on the signals (Events) of each column of M detectors in different time periods. In this way, the signals of the M rows of detectors in the same column are combined to form a complete time-resolved spectrum.

[0102] Each of the N columns corresponds to the photon signal of a different wavelength, so that the system can obtain time-resolved spectral data, simultaneously count the photon lifetime of each wavelength, and finally obtain the photon lifetime curve of different wavelengths to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected.

[0103] More specifically, the single-photon avalanche diodes in the same column receive optical signals in the same wavelength range; these single-photon avalanche diodes are located on different rows and are time-shifted by different delay amounts; the multiple single-photon avalanche diodes in each column acquire signals in the same pulse period, and finally combine to form a time-resolved spectrum of the wavelength, and combine with other columns (corresponding to other wavelengths) to obtain complete time-resolved spectral data.

[0104] In further embodiments, after the multi-event time-to-digital converter delays and combines the photon signal distribution in the different laser pulse periods to determine a photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of a specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, integrates the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signal of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, and the step includes:

[0105] Step S4001, obtaining the photon lifetime curve of different wavelengths in the time-resolved spectrum;

[0106] Step S4002, fitting the photon lifetime curve of different wavelengths to determine the fluorescence lifetime of a specific wavelength.

[0107] Specifically, the single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array 101 will histogram the photon signal at each time within the laser pulse period. By counting the number of photons received at different times, a time-count curve of the time-resolved spectrum can be constructed, which reflects the decay characteristics of the fluorescence emission at different time points. The response data of each column of single photon avalanche diodes forms the time distribution of the photon signal of that wavelength, and reveals the time characteristics of the fluorescence decay. The fluorescence lifetime is usually determined by the decay process of this time distribution, and the speed of decay is inversely proportional to the lifetime of the fluorescence. By processing the time-resolved spectrum, the photon lifetime curve of each wavelength can be obtained. This curve is usually obtained by fitting the decay curve of the photon signal, and different mathematical models (such as exponential decay model) can be used for fitting.

[0108] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5 In time-resolved spectroscopy and photon lifetime measurement, a 4x128 single photon avalanche diode array is used as a photon counting detector. The first column of 4 single photon avalanche diodes corresponds to Row1A, Row1B, Row1C, Row1D, and there are 128 columns in total. A laser pulse with a period of T is emitted, and a synchronization pulse signal is also given. During the pulse period of T, a single-column multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC) uses the synchronization pulse signal as the Start signal. The photon signals detected by the first column of single photon avalanche diodes Row1A, Row1B, Row1C, Row1D are delayed by different amounts and then received by the single-column multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC) as different Events. Subsequently, the multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC) performs histogram statistics on the signals of different periods to obtain the lifetime curve of the photons detected by the 4 detectors superimposed in time. Finally, the histogram statistics information of the single-column multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC) is used to delay and combine the curves of the same column of 4 rows. Since the photon signal is dispersed after passing through the slit of the spectrometer, the single photon avalanche diodes Row1A, Row1B, Row1C, Row1D in the same column have similar photon distribution, i.e., the detectors in the same column correspond to the photon signal of the same wavelength. According to the lifetime curve and count distribution of the detectors in this column, the information of multiple columns is integrated to obtain the time-resolved spectrum or the fluorescence lifetime of a specific wavelength.

[0109] As can be seen from the above embodiments, compared with the prior art, the present application addresses the problem that when the optical signal is strong, the single-row linear array method is affected by the pileup effect caused by the dead time of the single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD), and multiple photon signals enter the detector at the same time or very close times, resulting in the detector being unable to distinguish each photon signal. The method of outputting multiple linear arrays in parallel will cause the superposition of multiple electrical pulses, causing the time-to-digital converter (TDC) to recognize them as a single pulse, thereby reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the count and affecting the line shape of the time life. The present application includes but is not limited to the following beneficial effects:

[0110] First, the present application, by adopting a multi-photon response approach, can provide a higher signal-to-noise ratio compared to the traditional direct parallel output approach. This is because multi-photon response can effectively increase the number of photons collected or optimize detector performance, thereby improving signal clarity at the same signal intensity. A high signal-to-noise ratio can effectively reduce the impact of noise and improve the accuracy of signal detection, especially in the detection of weak signals.

[0111] Secondly, the present application increases the interval between signals by delaying multiple signals, effectively overcoming the dead time problem inherent in the multi-event time-to-digital converter (TDC). By delaying the signal processing and increasing the signal interval, the overlap of multiple photon events within the dead time can be avoided, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of multi-event counting, effectively reducing event loss and counting errors, and improving measurement accuracy. This is of great significance in high-frequency signal or high-speed detection systems.

[0112] Third, by combining multiple signals into a single output signal, the number of interfaces is simplified. In traditional systems, each signal may require a separate interface and processing circuit. However, by combining the signals, this application can reduce hardware complexity, thereby reducing costs and improving system maintainability and stability.

[0113] Fourthly, the present application can overcome the dead time effect. By delaying and merging the signals of multiple rows of pixels, the influence of dead time can be effectively avoided. When multiple photons arrive, the signals of different pixels may be affected by different degrees of dead time interference. The delay and merging process can accurately adjust and compensate the time information of these signals, reducing the count loss or time error caused by dead time.

[0114] Fifth, this application can improve time accuracy and detection sensitivity, and delay signal processing and merging can help improve the system's performance in time resolution and sensitivity. In the single-photon counting environment, the system can better recover and reconstruct the signal, thereby obtaining a more accurate timestamp and higher detection sensitivity, especially in measurement tasks requiring high time accuracy.

[0115] See alsoFigure 6 A time-resolved spectrum measurement device based on a multi-event time-to-digital converter is provided for one of the purposes of the present application, and comprises a pulse signal excitation module 1100, a photon signal receiving module 1200, a photon signal distribution determination module 1300, and a time-resolved spectrum measurement module 1400. The pulse signal excitation module 1100 is configured to emit laser light to a sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period in response to a time-resolved spectrum measurement instruction, so as to determine a synchronization pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period. The photon signal receiving module 1200 is configured to trigger a multi-event time-to-digital converter by using the synchronization pulse signal, so as to receive a photon signal of different time responses corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in a single-photon avalanche diode array within the laser pulse period. Each column of single-photon avalanche diodes corresponds to a pixel column receiving a photon signal of the same wavelength, and each column of single-photon avalanche diodes comprises a plurality of single-photon avalanche diodes. The photon signal distribution determination module 1300 is configured to perform histogram statistics on the photon signal of different time responses in each column of single-photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods by using the multi-event time-to-digital converter, so as to determine a photon signal distribution of a specific wavelength of the photon signal corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods. The time-resolved spectrum measurement module 1400 is configured to perform delay combination on the photon signal distribution within the different laser pulse periods by using the multi-event time-to-digital converter, so as to determine a photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of the specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes. The photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of the specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes is integrated to construct a time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, so as to complete the measurement of the time-resolved spectrum based on the multi-event time-to-digital converter.

[0116] On the basis of any embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 7 Another embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which can be implemented by a computer device, such as Figure 7As shown, the internal structure diagram of the computer device is shown. The computer device includes a processor, a computer readable storage medium, a memory and a network interface connected by a system bus. Among them, the computer readable storage medium of the computer device stores an operating system, a database and computer readable instructions, the database can store control information sequence, and the computer readable instructions are executed by the processor to enable the processor to implement a time-resolved spectral measurement method based on a multi-event time converter. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capability to support the operation of the entire computer device. The memory of the computer device can store computer readable instructions, which when executed by the processor, can enable the processor to execute the time-resolved spectral measurement method based on the multi-event time converter of the present application. The network interface of the computer device is used to connect and communicate with the terminal. Those skilled in the art can understand, Figure 7 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of part of the structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the scheme of the present application is applied. The specific computer device can include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0117] The processor in the embodiment is used to execute the specific functions of each module in Figure 6 The memory stores the program codes and various data required to execute the above-mentioned modules or sub-modules. The network interface is used for data transmission between the user terminal or the server. The memory in the embodiment stores the program codes and data required to execute all modules / sub-modules in the time-resolved spectral measurement device based on the multi-event time converter of the present application, and the server can call the program codes and data of the server to execute the functions of all sub-modules.

[0118] The present application also provides a storage medium storing computer readable instructions, which when executed by one or more processors, enable the one or more processors to execute the steps of the time-resolved spectral measurement method based on the multi-event time converter described in any embodiment of the present application.

[0119] The present application also provides a computer program product including a computer program / instruction, which when executed by one or more processors, implements the steps of the time-resolved spectral measurement method based on the multi-event time converter described in any embodiment of the present application.

[0120] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments of the method of the present application can be completed by a computer program instructing relevant hardware, and the computer program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments of the method. The storage medium can be a computer readable storage medium such as a magnetic disc, an optical disc, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

[0121] The above only describes some embodiments of the present application. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

[0122] In summary, the present application can improve the time precision and detection sensitivity, delay signal processing and merge, which helps to improve the performance of the system in terms of time resolution and sensitivity. In the environment of single photon counting, the system can better recover and reconstruct the signal, so as to obtain more accurate time stamp and higher detection sensitivity, especially in the measurement task requiring high time precision.

Claims

1. A time-resolved spectroscopy measurement method based on a multiple event time-to-digital converter, characterized in that: include: In response to a time-resolved spectroscopy measurement instruction, a pulsed laser is used to emit laser light to a sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period, so as to determine a synchronous pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period; In response to a spectral system calibration instruction, the spectral system decomposes the light emitted by the mercury lamp into photon signals of different wavelengths, and maps the photon signals of different wavelengths to the single-photon avalanche diode array, so that each wavelength of the photon signal forms a narrow vertical bright stripe on the detection surface, thereby forming multiple narrow vertical bright stripes, wherein each vertical bright stripe represents a photon signal of one wavelength; The single-photon avalanche diode array obtains the position of each pixel and its corresponding spectral information to record the brightness information at different positions to form a spectrum graph; Based on the spectrum, a mapping relationship is established between the photon signal of each wavelength and the pixel column of the single photon avalanche diode array to complete the calibration of the spectrum system; The synchronous pulse signal is used to trigger a multi-event time-to-digital converter to receive photon signals with different time responses corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in the single-photon avalanche diode array within the laser pulse period, wherein the pixel column corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes receives photon signals of the same wavelength, each column of single-photon avalanche diodes includes multiple single-photon avalanche diodes, and the multi-event time-to-digital converter includes multiple single-column multi-event time-to-digital converters, and each single-column multi-event time-to-digital converter corresponds one-to-one to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes; The multi-event time-to-digital converter performs histogram statistics on the photon signals of different time responses in each column of single-photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods to determine the photon signal distribution of the photon signals of the specific wavelength corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods; The multi-event time-to-digital converter delays and combines the photon signal distribution within the different laser pulse periods to determine the photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of the specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, and integrates the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signal of the specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, so as to complete the measurement of the time-resolved spectrum based on the multi-event time-to-digital converter.

2. The time-resolved spectroscopy measurement method based on a multiple event time-to-digital converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of using a pulsed laser to emit laser light to a sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period to determine a synchronous pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period includes: The pulse laser emits laser pulses to the sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period to stimulate the sample to be detected to emit Raman scattering and fluorescence signals, wherein the laser pulse period is determined by the frequency of the laser pulse; The Raman scattering and fluorescence signals of the sample to be detected are dispersed and split by the spectral system and then irradiated onto the single photon avalanche diode array.

3. The time-resolved spectroscopy measurement method based on a multiple event time-to-digital converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-event time-to-digital converter performs histogram statistics on photon signals of different time responses in each column of single-photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods to determine the photon signal distribution of photon signals of a specific wavelength corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods, including: Obtaining a time delay corresponding to each row of pixels in the single photon avalanche diode array; Based on the time delay corresponding to each row of pixels, the pixel column corresponding to each column of single photon avalanche diodes in the single photon avalanche diode array collects photon events to distinguish photon signals with different time responses; The multi-event time-to-digital converter performs time-resolved statistics on the pixel signals corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes to generate a statistical histogram, so as to determine the photon signal distribution in each column of single-photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods, so as to construct the photon lifetime curve.

4. The time-resolved spectroscopy measurement method based on a multiple event time-to-digital converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-event time-to-digital converter delays and combines the photon signal distributions within the different laser pulse periods to determine a photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of a specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, and integrates the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signal of the specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes to construct a time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, including: In each laser pulse cycle, the multi-event time-to-digital converter counts the time distribution of photon events of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in the single-photon avalanche diode array to determine a time decay curve corresponding to the photon signal of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes; The photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signals of the single-photon avalanche diodes in different columns are integrated to determine the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signals of each wavelength, so as to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected.

5. The time-resolved spectroscopy measurement method based on a multiple event time-to-digital converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-event time-to-digital converter delays and combines the photon signal distributions within the different laser pulse periods to determine a photon lifetime curve corresponding to the photon signal of the specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, and integrates the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signal of the specific wavelength of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes to construct a time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, including: Obtaining photon lifetime curves of different wavelengths in the time-resolved spectrum; The photon lifetime curves of the different wavelengths are fitted to determine the fluorescence lifetime of a specific wavelength.

6. The time-resolved spectroscopy measurement method based on a multi-event time-to-digital converter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The single-photon avalanche diode array is a 4×128 single-photon avalanche diode array, and the photon signal distribution represents a time response pattern of the photon signal received by each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in each single-photon avalanche diode array during different laser pulse cycles.

7. A time-resolved spectroscopy measurement device based on a multiple event time-to-digital converter, characterized in that: include: a pulse signal excitation module, configured to respond to a time-resolved spectroscopy measurement instruction, using a pulsed laser to emit laser light to the sample to be detected according to a preset laser pulse period, so as to determine a synchronous pulse signal corresponding to the laser pulse period; A photon signal receiving module is configured to respond to a calibration instruction of a spectral system. The spectral system decomposes the light emitted by the mercury lamp into photon signals of different wavelengths, and maps the photon signals of different wavelengths to a single-photon avalanche diode array. Each wavelength of the photon signal forms a narrow vertical bright stripe on the detection surface, thereby forming a plurality of narrow vertical bright stripes, wherein each vertical bright stripe represents a photon signal of one wavelength. The single-photon avalanche diode array obtains the position of each pixel and its corresponding spectral information to record the brightness information at different positions to form a spectrum graph; Based on the spectrum, a mapping relationship is established between the photon signal of each wavelength and the pixel column of the single photon avalanche diode array to complete the calibration of the spectrum system; The synchronous pulse signal is used to trigger a multi-event time-to-digital converter to receive photon signals with different time responses corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes in the single-photon avalanche diode array within the laser pulse period, wherein the pixel column corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes receives photon signals of the same wavelength, each column of single-photon avalanche diodes includes multiple single-photon avalanche diodes, and the multi-event time-to-digital converter includes multiple single-column multi-event time-to-digital converters, and each single-column multi-event time-to-digital converter corresponds one-to-one to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes; a photon signal distribution determination module, configured to perform histogram statistics on the photon signals of different time responses in each column of single-photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods using the multi-event time-to-digital converter to determine the photon signal distribution of the photon signals of a specific wavelength corresponding to each column of single-photon avalanche diodes within different laser pulse periods; The time-resolved spectroscopy measurement module is configured so that the multi-event time-to-digital converter delays and merges the photon signal distributions within the different laser pulse periods to determine the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signals of the specific wavelengths of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes, and integrates the photon lifetime curves corresponding to the photon signals of the specific wavelengths of each column of single-photon avalanche diodes to construct the time-resolved spectrum of the sample to be detected, so as to complete the measurement of the time-resolved spectrum based on the multi-event time-to-digital converter.

8. An electronic device comprising a central processing unit and a memory, characterized in that: The central processing unit is configured to call and run a computer program stored in the memory to execute the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that It stores a computer program implemented according to the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6 in the form of computer-readable instructions, and when the computer program is called and executed by a computer, the steps included in the corresponding method are executed.

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