Modularized quick-change device and multifunctional management equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized quick-change device and multifunctional management equipment, relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and aims to solve the problem that existing equipment is single in function, the modularized quick-change device is arranged at the front end of a machine body working device and comprises a quick-change body arranged at the front end of the machine body working device, and a hanging limiting structure is arranged at the top of the quick-change body; longitudinal guide structures are arranged on the two sides of the quick-change body, the hydraulic driving device is transversely arranged on the quick-change body, the two ends of the hydraulic driving device are hinged to the quick-change body through adapter plates, the first ends of the connecting rod assemblies are hinged to the adapter plates, and the second ends of the connecting rod assemblies are movably arranged in the corresponding guide structures. The top of the quick-change connecting plate is provided with a limiting groove matched with the limiting structure, the limiting groove is detachably connected to the limiting structure in a hung mode, the bottom of the quick-change connecting plate is provided with a locking connecting hole, and the second end of the connecting rod assembly is arranged in the locking connecting hole in a pluggable mode. And the carriers with different functions can be quickly and accurately replaced and mounted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and more specifically, to a modular quick-change device and multifunctional management equipment. Background Art

[0002] Hilly and mountainous areas have complex terrain and large slope differences. The roads inside the orchards in the area are narrow and rugged, and the fruit planting is irregularly distributed. When facing some steep slopes, ordinary equipment is difficult to drive and operate stably. At the same time, the narrow orchard passages limit the size and operational flexibility of the equipment. This makes the particularity of hilly and mountainous areas place high demands on the mobility, adaptability and versatility of orchard management equipment.

[0003] The daily management of orchards mainly involves trenching, fertilizing, weeding, transplanting and transportation, and these links need to be carried out in different seasons and fruit tree growth stages. At present, most fruit farmers use a variety of single-function equipment to carry out these operations separately, which not only has high equipment purchase costs, but also requires cumbersome operations to frequently change equipment in the orchard, which consumes a lot of time and manpower.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem of single function of existing equipment is an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular quick-change device that can be used to carry various accessories to ensure that accessories with different functions can be quickly and accurately replaced and installed, so as to increase the scope of application, realize multi-functional operation of one machine, and reduce the purchase cost of multi-functional and multi-machines.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional management equipment including the above-mentioned modular quick-change device, which replaces high-intensity and long-term manual physical labor through remote control operation, thereby reducing labor intensity and manpower input, and reducing the labor cost of orchard management.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A modular quick-change device, arranged at the front end of a machine body working device, comprising:

[0009] The quick-change body is arranged at the front end of the machine body working device, the top of the quick-change body is provided with a limit structure, and the two sides of the quick-change body are provided with longitudinal guide structures;

[0010] A hydraulic drive device is transversely arranged on the quick-change body, and both ends of the hydraulic drive device are hinged to the quick-change body through an adapter plate;

[0011] A connecting rod assembly, wherein a first end of the connecting rod assembly is hinged to the adapter plate, and a second end of the connecting rod assembly is movably disposed in a corresponding guide structure;

[0012] A quick-change connecting plate, the top of which is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the limiting structure, the limiting groove is detachably hung on the limiting structure, the bottom of the quick-change connecting plate is provided with a locking connecting hole, and the second end of the connecting rod assembly is pluggable and arranged in the locking connecting hole.

[0013] Preferably, the adapter plate is hinged to the quick-change body via a limiting stud, and a compression spring is sleeved on the limiting stud, and the compression spring is used to provide a pre-tightening force to make the adapter plate close to the quick-change body.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting rod assembly includes a swing rod and a limit rod, one end of the swing rod is hinged to the adapter plate, the other end of the swing rod is hinged to the limit rod, and the limit rod is slidably arranged along the guide structure.

[0015] Preferably, a hinge seat is provided on the adapter plate, a sleeve is provided on the hinge seat, one end of the swing rod is slidably arranged along the sleeve, and a limit screw and a limit washer are provided at the end of the swing rod for limiting the swing rod from detaching from the sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, a limit block is provided at the other end of the swing rod, and the limit block is hinged to one end of the limit rod.

[0017] Preferably, a spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the swing rod, one end of the spring abuts against the sleeve, and the other end of the spring abuts against the limit block.

[0018] Preferably, the limiting block is a U-shaped structure, and the limiting rod is provided with a hinged portion hinged to the limiting block.

[0019] Preferably, the guide structure is a cylindrical tube, the limiting rod is a cylindrical rod, and one end of the limiting rod away from the hinged portion is a tip with an inclined surface.

[0020] A multifunctional management equipment comprises: a chassis assembly, a power system is provided on the chassis assembly, the power system is connected to a first hydraulic system to drive the hydraulic pump of the first hydraulic system to provide hydraulic pressure, the first hydraulic system is connected to a motor of a traveling device provided on the chassis assembly to drive the traveling device, the first hydraulic system is connected to an electrical system, the electrical system is connected to a remote control device, and also comprises a modular quick-change device as any one of the above items, the modular quick-change device is driven by a second hydraulic system and a working device on the chassis assembly.

[0021] Preferably, a silo is also provided on the chassis assembly.

[0022] The modular quick-change device provided by the present invention is arranged at the front end of the machine body working device, and includes a quick-change body, a hydraulic drive device, a connecting rod assembly and a quick-change connecting plate. Specifically, the quick-change body is arranged at the front end of the machine body working device, and the quick-change body is provided with an installation basis for the hydraulic drive device, the connecting rod assembly and the quick-change connecting plate. The hydraulic drive device is transversely arranged on the quick-change body, and both ends of the hydraulic drive device are hinged to the quick-change body through an adapter plate. Longitudinal guide structures are provided on both sides of the quick-change body. The first end of the connecting rod assembly is hinged to the adapter plate, and the second end of the connecting rod assembly is movably arranged in the corresponding guide structure, with the hinge point of the adapter plate and the quick-change body as a fulcrum. The adapter plate is driven to rotate through the telescopic movement of the hydraulic drive device, thereby driving the first end of the connecting rod assembly to rotate, and at the same time driving the second end of the connecting rod assembly to move along the guide structure.

[0023] A limiting structure is provided on the top of the quick-change body, and a limiting groove cooperating with the limiting structure is provided on the top of the quick-change connecting plate. The limiting groove can be detachably hung on the limiting structure, and the initial connection between the quick-change connecting plate and the quick-change body is achieved through the cooperation of the limiting groove and the limiting structure. A locking connecting hole is provided at the bottom of the quick-change connecting plate, and the second end of the connecting assembly can be plugged in and out of the locking connecting hole. The connecting rod assembly moves along the guide structure driven by the hydraulic drive device, and is plugged in and out of the locking connecting hole to achieve effective connection between the quick-change connecting plate and the quick-change body.

[0024] When it is necessary to connect the quick-change connecting plate, first move the quick-change connecting plate to be installed to the specified position, then the limiting structure of the quick-change body is abutted against the limiting groove of the quick-change connecting plate, and then the hydraulic cylinder of the working device drives the quick-change body to pitch to fit the quick-change connecting plate, and then control the hydraulic drive device to extend, drive the adapter plate to rotate outward, thereby driving the first end of the connecting rod assembly to rotate outward, and at the same time drive the second end of the connecting assembly to move downward along the guide structure, so that the second end of the connecting assembly can be inserted into the locking connecting hole, so as to achieve rapid installation of the quick-change connecting plate; when it is necessary to disassemble the quick-change connecting plate, first control the hydraulic drive device to contract, drive the adapter plate to rotate inward, thereby driving the first end of the connecting rod assembly to rotate inward, and at the same time drive the second end of the connecting assembly to move upward along the guide structure, so that the second end of the connecting assembly can withdraw from the locking connecting hole, and control the limiting structure of the quick-change body to withdraw from the limiting groove of the quick-change connecting plate, so as to achieve rapid disassembly of the quick-change connecting plate.

[0025] By installing quick-change connecting plates on various attachments, multiple attachments can be quickly switched through only one set of power chassis to integrate the functions of multiple attachments. Compared with traditional methods, this greatly shortens the operation time and improves operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the modular quick-change device provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-change connecting plate provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the modular quick-change device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the modular quick-change device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the power chassis of the multifunctional management equipment provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a usage diagram of the multifunctional management equipment provided by the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 10-chassis assembly, 20-travel device, 30-power system, 40-hydraulic system, 50-working device, 60-silo;

[0035] 1-quick change body, 11-limiting structure, 12-guide structure;

[0036] 2-Hydraulic drive device;

[0037] 3-Adapter board;

[0038] 4-connecting rod assembly, 41-swing rod, 42-limiting rod, 421-hinge portion, 43-sleeve, 44-limiting screw, 45-limiting block, 46-spring;

[0039] 5-quick-change connecting plate, 51-limiting groove, 52-locking connecting hole;

[0040] 6-Limiting stud;

[0041] 7-Compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] It should be noted that the directional words such as "upper, lower, inside, outside" etc. mentioned below are defined based on the drawings in the specification.

[0045] The core of the present invention is to provide a modular quick-change device that can be used to carry various accessories to ensure that accessories with different functions can be quickly and accurately replaced and installed, so as to increase the scope of application, realize multi-functional operation of one machine, and reduce the purchase cost of multi-functional and multi-machines. Another core of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional management equipment including the above-mentioned modular quick-change device, which can replace manual high-intensity and long-term physical labor through remote control operation, reduce labor intensity and reduce manpower input, and reduce the manpower cost of orchard management.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A modular quick-change device is arranged at the front end of the machine body working device, including a quick-change body 1, a hydraulic drive device 2, an adapter plate 3, a connecting rod assembly 4 and a quick-change connecting plate 5.

[0047] Specifically, the quick-change body 1 is arranged at the front end of the machine working device, and the quick-change body 1 is provided to provide an installation basis for the hydraulic drive device 2, the connecting rod assembly 4 and the quick-change connecting plate 5. The hydraulic drive device 2 is transversely arranged on the quick-change body 1, and both ends of the hydraulic drive device 2 are hinged to the quick-change body 1 through the adapter plate 3. The two sides of the quick-change body 1 are provided with longitudinal guide structures 12, the first end of the connecting rod assembly 4 is hinged to the adapter plate 3, and the second end of the connecting rod assembly 4 is movably arranged in the corresponding guide structure 12, with the hinge point of the adapter plate 3 and the quick-change body 1 as the fulcrum, through the telescopic movement of the hydraulic drive device 2, the adapter plate 3 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the first end of the connecting rod assembly 4 to rotate, and at the same time driving the second end of the connecting rod assembly 4 to move along the guide structure 12.

[0048] A limiting structure 11 is provided at the top of the quick-change body 1, and a limiting groove 51 cooperating with the limiting structure 11 is provided at the top of the quick-change connecting plate 5. The limiting groove 51 can be detachably hung on the limiting structure 11, and the initial connection between the quick-change connecting plate 5 and the quick-change body 1 is achieved through the cooperation of the limiting groove 51 and the limiting structure 11. A locking connection hole 52 is provided at the bottom of the quick-change connecting plate 5, and the second end of the connecting assembly can be plugged in and out of the locking connection hole 52. The connecting rod assembly 4 moves along the guide structure 12 under the drive of the hydraulic drive device 2, and is plugged in and out of the locking connection hole 52 to achieve an effective connection between the quick-change connecting plate 5 and the quick-change body 1.

[0049] When the quick-change connecting plate 5 needs to be connected, the quick-change connecting plate 5 to be installed is first moved to the specified position, and then the limiting structure 11 of the quick-change body 1 is abutted against the limiting groove 51 of the quick-change connecting plate 5, and then the hydraulic cylinder of the working device 50 drives the quick-change body 1 to pitch to fit the quick-change connecting plate 5, and at the same time controls the hydraulic drive device 2 to extend, drive the adapter plate 3 to rotate outward, thereby driving the first end of the connecting rod assembly 4 to rotate outward, and at the same time drives the second end of the connecting assembly to move downward along the guide structure 12, so that the second end of the connecting assembly can It is inserted into the locking connection hole 52 to realize the rapid installation of the quick-change connection plate 5; when the quick-change connection plate 5 needs to be disassembled, the hydraulic drive device 2 is first controlled to contract, driving the adapter plate 3 to rotate inward, thereby driving the first end of the connecting rod assembly 4 to rotate inward, and at the same time driving the second end of the connecting assembly to move upward along the guide structure 12, so that the second end of the connecting assembly can be withdrawn from the locking connection hole 52, and the limiting structure 11 of the quick-change body 1 is controlled to withdraw from the limiting groove 51 of the quick-change connection plate 5, so as to realize the rapid disassembly of the quick-change connection plate 5.

[0050] The modular quick-change device arranged in the above manner can realize the rapid switching of various accessories by installing the quick-change connecting plate 5 on various accessories through only one set of power chassis, so as to integrate the functions of various accessories, thereby greatly shortening the operation time and improving the operation efficiency compared with the traditional method.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 3 The adapter plate 3 is hinged to the quick-change body 1 through a limiting stud 6 , and a compression spring 7 is sleeved on the limiting stud 6 . The compression spring 7 is used to provide a pre-tightening force to make the adapter plate 3 close to the quick-change body 1 .

[0052] It should be noted that when installing the quick-change connecting plate 5, the connecting assembly moves downward along the guide structure 12 under the action of the hydraulic drive device 2, so that the second end of the connecting assembly can be inserted into the locking connecting hole 52 to achieve effective connection of the quick-change connecting plate 5. However, in order to ensure that the connecting assembly can still be inserted into the locking connecting hole 52 when the hydraulic drive device 2 is not in effect, the adapter plate 3 rotates under the action of the hydraulic drive device 2. When the adapter plate 3 rotates past the dead point and reaches the final position, it can be pressed against the quick-change body 1 by the compression spring 7 and will not move, thereby achieving a locking effect. By providing the compression spring 7, the adapter plate 3 will not rotate even if the hydraulic drive device 2 is not in effect.

[0053] The adapter plate 3 is an L-shaped plate, and the ends are all set as arcs, and the corners are set as arc chamfers. When the adapter plate 3 is installed, the corners of the adapter plate 3 are hinged to the quick-change body 1 through the limit studs 6, and one end is hinged to the end of the hydraulic drive device 2. When the hydraulic drive device 2 is extended, it can drive the other end of the adapter plate 3 to retract inward, and when the hydraulic drive device 2 is retracted, it can drive the other end of the adapter plate 3 to flip outward.

[0054] When the hydraulic drive device 2 fails, the end of the adapter plate 3 that is not hinged to the hydraulic drive device 2 can serve as a handle. By using an operating tool such as a wrench, the handle can be pulled to drive the adapter plate 3 to retract inward or flip outward. When the adapter plate 3 is driven inward, the connecting rod assembly 4 and the quick-change connecting plate 5 can be manually released; when the adapter plate 3 is driven to flip outward, the connecting rod assembly 4 and the quick-change connecting plate 5 can be manually locked.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 4 The connecting rod assembly 4 includes a swing rod 41 and a limit rod 42 . One end of the swing rod 41 is hinged to the adapter plate 3 , and the other end of the swing rod 41 is hinged to the limit rod 42 . The limit rod 42 is slidably arranged along the guide structure 12 .

[0056] It can be understood that the hydraulic drive device 2, the adapter plate 3, the swing rod 41 and the limit rod 42 are hinged in sequence to form a connecting rod mechanism, and the movement of the limit rod 42 is limited by the guide structure 12, so that the limit rod 42 can only slide along the axial direction of the guide structure 12. The hydraulic drive device 2 drives the adapter plate 3 to rotate, thereby driving the swing rod 41 to swing, and then driving the limit rod 42 to slide up and down along the guide structure 12.

[0057] Furthermore, a hinge seat is provided on the adapter plate 3, a sleeve 43 is provided on the hinge seat, one end of the swing rod 41 is slidably arranged along the sleeve 43, and a limit screw 44 and a limit washer are provided at the end of the swing rod 41 for limiting the swing rod 41 from escaping from the sleeve 43.

[0058] It should be noted that when the hydraulic drive device 2 drives the adapter plate 3 to rotate, the hinge seat also rotates relative to the adapter plate 3, and at the same time drives the sleeve 43 on the hinge seat to rotate. At the same time, the swing rod 41 also slides along the sleeve 43, but will not separate from the sleeve 43.

[0059] In the above embodiment, a limiting block 45 is provided at the other end of the swing rod 41 , and the limiting block 45 is hinged to one end of the limiting rod 42 .

[0060] It can be understood that both the limiting rod 42 and the sleeve 43 are cylindrical structures. In order to facilitate the connection between the swing rod 41 and the limiting rod 42 , a limiting block 45 is provided at the end of the swing rod 41 .

[0061] On the basis of the above embodiment, a spring 46 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the swing rod 41 , one end of the spring 46 abuts against the sleeve 43 , and the other end of the spring 46 abuts against the limit block 45 .

[0062] It should be noted that when the hydraulic drive device 2 is extended, it drives the adapter plate 3 to rotate outward, thereby driving the swing rod 41 to rotate outward, and at the same time moves downward along the sleeve 43, thereby driving the limit rod 42 to move downward along the guide structure 12, so that the limit rod 42 can be inserted into the locking connection hole 52, so as to achieve rapid installation of the quick-change connecting plate 5; when the hydraulic drive device 2 is retracted, it drives the adapter plate 3 to rotate inward, thereby driving the swing rod 41 to rotate inward, and at the same time moves upward along the sleeve 43, thereby driving the limit rod 42 to move upward along the guide structure 12, so that the limit rod 42 can withdraw from the locking connection hole 52, so as to achieve rapid disassembly of the quick-change connecting plate 5.

[0063] In the above embodiment, the limiting block 45 is a U-shaped structure, and the limiting rod 42 is provided with a hinge portion 421 hinged to the limiting block 45 .

[0064] In this embodiment, the limiting block 45 is a U-shaped plate, and the limiting rod 42 is provided with a hinge portion 421, which is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped plate, and the two are connected by a rotating shaft.

[0065] The limiting rod 42 is provided with a hinge part 421 so that the limiting rod 42 is used for hinge connection of the swing rod 41 . The hinge part 421 is provided as an arc-shaped plate, and the rotation between the hinge part 421 and the U-shaped plate will not interfere with each other.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment, the guide structure 12 is a cylindrical tube, the limiting rod 42 is a cylindrical rod, and one end of the limiting rod 42 away from the hinge portion 421 is a tip with an inclined surface.

[0067] It should be noted that, in order to reduce the sliding friction between the limiting rod 42 and the guide structure 12, the limiting rod 42 is set as a cylindrical rod and the guide structure 12 is set as a cylindrical tube. One end of the limiting rod 42 is set as a tip to facilitate the limiting rod 42 to be inserted into the locking connection hole 52.

[0068] When unloading the attachment, the hydraulic drive device 2 works and contracts, driving the left and right adapter plates 3 to rotate outward under the action of mechanical linkage, driving the sleeve 43 to rotate, and at the same time, the compression spring 46 will produce corresponding deformation, the swing rod 41 moves along the sleeve 43 and is limited by the limit screw 44, so that the spring 46 begins to extend, and the swing rod 41 drives the limit block 45 to move upward along the sleeve 43, and at the same time drives the limit rod 42 to move upward, gradually withdrawing from the locking connection hole 52 of the quick-change connecting plate 5 of the attachment, the locking state is released, and the attachment is unloaded; When installing accessories, the accessories to be installed are moved to the specified position, and the hydraulic drive device 2 is extended at the same time, driving the left and right adapter plates 3 to rotate inward and return to their positions. At the same time, the compression spring 46 restores its deformation, and the sleeve 43 moves along the swing rod 41 and compresses the spring 46, so that the elastic force generated by the spring 46 pushes the limit rod 42 to extend through the limit block 45 and insert it into the locking connection hole 52 of the quick-change connecting plate 5 of the accessory. As the limit rod 42 is fully inserted, the accessory is firmly installed on the equipment, and the entire installation process is completed.

[0069] In actual application, the equipment is equipped with trenching, fertilizing, weeding and transplanting accessories.

[0070] In one embodiment, the front end of the equipment is equipped with a chain-type trenching attachment, and the maximum trenching depth of the attachment is 90 cm and the trenching width is 20 cm. The operator can adjust the depth of the trenching tool through the control system according to the orchard trenching plan and soil conditions. During operation, the equipment moves forward at a suitable speed, and the cutting knife on the attachment chain uses belt drive to dig the soil and bring out the trench soil. At the same time, the auger devices on both sides transport the accumulated trench soil beside the ditch to the outside of the equipment to avoid backfilling of the accumulated soil. In addition, the trenching parameters can be adjusted in real time during the operation to ensure the quality of trenching. Among them, in this embodiment, the maximum trenching depth of the attachment is 90 cm and the trenching width is 20 cm, but in actual applications, it is not limited to this. The maximum trenching depth, trenching width and other data of the trenching attachment can be selected according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the trenching attachment is a chain-type trenching attachment, but in actual applications, there is no restriction on this.

[0071] In one embodiment, the front end of the equipment is equipped with trenching, fertilizing and covering accessories. The fertilization depth of the accessories is 20-30 cm, the fertilizer amount is 0-6 L / m, and the operating speed is 0.45-2 km / h. The trenching tool is a disc type. When the operation starts, the tool cuts into the soil through the edge of the rotating disc, and then pushes the soil to both sides to complete the trenching operation; the fertilizer is added to the fertilizer box, and the excess fertilizer is placed in the equipment silo 60. The control system sets the fertilizer amount according to the fertilizer requirements of the orchard. The fertilization accessories use a combination of spiral conveying and machine vibration to apply fertilizer in the form of strips into the opened trenches; the covering of the soil is that when the equipment is moving forward, the edge of the rotating disc drives the soil to be thrown backwards, and the broken soil hits the guide plate and moves backward along the guide plate to fall into the fertilized trench to complete the operation. Among them, in this embodiment, the fertilization depth of the accessories is 20-30 cm, the fertilization amount is 0-6 L / m, and the operating speed is 0.45-2 km / h. However, in actual applications, it is not limited to this. The data such as the fertilization depth, fertilization amount, and operating speed of the accessories can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0072] In one embodiment, the front end of the equipment is equipped with obstacle avoidance and mowing accessories. The accessories are mainly composed of a swing arm, an adaptive telescopic mechanism, a main mowing mechanism and an auxiliary mowing mechanism. The main mowing mechanism performs mowing operations as the equipment moves forward, and the mowing height can be flexibly adjusted according to the flatness of the orchard ground. When encountering obstacles such as fruit trees, the auxiliary mowing mechanism contacts the tree trunk and rolls along its surface. The adaptive telescopic mechanism overcomes the spring force and moves inward under the reaction force of the tree trunk, causing the auxiliary mowing mechanism to retract inward to avoid the fruit tree. After moving away from the fruit tree, the telescopic mechanism resets under the action of the spring elastic force and continues to mow, thereby effectively removing weeds without damaging the fruit tree. The speed of the mowing accessories is driven by a hydraulic motor, and the speed can be adjusted according to the weeds at different growth stages.

[0073] In one embodiment, the front end of the equipment is equipped with a three-petal transplanting attachment. During transplanting, the transplanting clamp is opened through the control system and moved toward the small tree to be transplanted in the nursery. When the sapling is in the center of the three-petal machine, the transplanting clamp is closed and lowered, and then the three-petal shovel is driven by the hydraulic system to fork into the 360-degree soil below the small tree in turn, and the small tree and the 50-centimeter diameter soil ball are lifted up together, and then controlled to move to the transplanting location, the transplanting clamp is opened and placed in a suitable pit, and the angle and depth of the sapling are adjusted. The attachment can meet the needs of fruit tree transplanting operations with a maximum digging depth of 50 cm and a trunk diameter of 2-5 cm. Among them, in this embodiment, the attachment can meet the needs of fruit tree transplanting operations with a maximum digging depth of 50 cm and a trunk diameter of 2-5 cm, but in actual applications, it is not limited to this. The maximum digging depth, trunk diameter and other data that the attachment can meet can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0074] Furthermore, in addition to the trenching, fertilizing, weeding, and transplanting accessories involved in this application, it can also be applied to other accessories. As long as a quick-change connecting plate 5 is installed on the accessory and the modular quick-change device provided in this setting is used, the quick-change function of various accessories can be realized.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 A multifunctional management equipment includes a chassis assembly 10, on which a power system 30 is provided, the power system 30 is connected to a first hydraulic system to drive a hydraulic pump of the first hydraulic system to provide hydraulic pressure, the first hydraulic system is connected to a motor of a traveling device 20 provided on the chassis assembly 10 to drive the traveling device 20, the first hydraulic system is connected to an electrical system, the electrical system is connected to a remote control device signal, and also includes a modular quick-change device such as any one of the above items, the modular quick-change device is driven by a second hydraulic system 40 and a working device 50 on the chassis assembly 10.

[0076] It is understandable that the power system 30 of this equipment is equipped with a 50 horsepower engine, and the walking device 20 adopts a high-torque hydraulic motor for four-wheel drive, which can easily cope with 35° slope operations. The equipment adopts four-wheel skid steering to achieve 360° rotation in situ, greatly enhancing the maneuverability and flexibility between narrow passages and dense fruit trees in the orchard. The equipment travels at a speed of 12 km / h, effectively ensuring the rapid transfer of equipment in different areas of the orchard and improving the efficiency of orchard operation management. In terms of control, this equipment is realized through a specially designed remote control device. The operation interface of the remote control device is simple and intuitive. The operator can remotely control the equipment in a certain range, including start, stop, forward, backward, turn, and switching of the vehicle. For example, the control of the walking direction, speed, and the replacement of the vehicle is suitable for certain dangerous areas in the orchard or scenes where frequent operation inspections are required. The operator can flexibly remotely control the equipment from a safe distance, effectively improving the operation efficiency and reducing safety risks.

[0077] The equipment has good stability, strong climbing ability, flexible steering, and is better able to adapt to complex terrain.

[0078] In the above embodiment, a material bin 60 is further provided on the chassis assembly 10 .

[0079] It should be noted that the equipment also comes with a silo 60, which has a large volume and a reasonable internal layout, and can conveniently load and store various plant protection tools and a large amount of fruits to meet the material transportation needs during the orchard production process.

[0080] The equipment can integrate the operating functions of various accessories by setting a modular quick-change device in conjunction with the quick-change adapter plates 5 on various accessories. The equipment can realize trenching operations by using trenching accessories, fertilizing operations by using fertilizing accessories, weeding operations by using weeding accessories, transplanting operations by using transplanting accessories, and transportation operations by using its own silo. In one operation, by replacing trenching, fertilizing, weeding, transplanting and other accessories, it can complete trenching, fertilizing, weeding, transplanting and transportation in one operation. Compared with traditional equipment that uses multiple single-function equipment to perform multiple operations separately, it can not only save purchase costs, but also avoid the tedious operation of frequently changing equipment in the orchard, so as to save a lot of time and manpower, thereby greatly shortening the operation time and improving the operation efficiency. Moreover, the equipment does not require high-intensity and long-term manual labor, which reduces labor intensity and manpower input, and reduces the manpower cost of orchard management. It can be conveniently applied to certain dangerous areas in the orchard or scenes that require frequent equipment on and off for operation inspections. The equipment can be flexibly remotely controlled from a safe distance, effectively improving operation efficiency and reducing safety risks. The equipment can adapt well to the terrain characteristics of hilly and mountainous areas, effectively utilize orchard land resources, provide long-term and stable services for orchard production, and increase the overall income of the orchard.

[0081] In summary, the modular quick-change device provided by the present invention is designed with a universal accessory quick-change connecting plate 5 to ensure that different functional carriers can be quickly and accurately replaced and installed and that the connection is firm and reliable, thereby ensuring the stability of the operation process.

[0082] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0083] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0084] The above is a detailed introduction to a modular quick-change device and multifunctional management equipment provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular quick-change device, characterized in that: Located at the front end of the machine working device, including: A quick-change body (1) is arranged at the front end of the machine body working device, a limiting structure (11) is arranged on the top of the quick-change body (1), and longitudinal guide structures (12) are arranged on both sides of the quick-change body (1); A hydraulic drive device (2) is transversely arranged on the quick-change body (1), and both ends of the hydraulic drive device (2) are hinged to the quick-change body (1) via an adapter plate (3); A connecting rod assembly (4), wherein a first end of the connecting rod assembly (4) is hinged to the adapter plate (3), and a second end of the connecting rod assembly (4) is movably disposed in the corresponding guide structure (12); A quick-change connecting plate (5), wherein a limiting groove (51) cooperating with the limiting structure (11) is provided at the top of the quick-change connecting plate (5), and the limiting groove (51) is detachably hooked to the limiting structure (11); a locking connecting hole (52) is provided at the bottom of the quick-change connecting plate (5), and the second end of the connecting rod assembly (4) is pluggable and arranged in the locking connecting hole (52).

2. The modular quick-change device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adapter plate (3) is hinged to the quick-change body (1) via a limiting stud (6), a compression spring (7) is sleeved on the limiting stud (6), and the compression spring (7) is used to provide a pre-tightening force to make the adapter plate (3) close to the quick-change body (1).

3. The modular quick-change device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod assembly (4) comprises a swing rod (41) and a limit rod (42); one end of the swing rod (41) is hinged to the adapter plate (3); the other end of the swing rod (41) is hinged to the limit rod (42); and the limit rod (42) is slidably arranged along the guide structure (12).

4. The modular quick-change device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adapter plate (3) is provided with a hinge seat, the hinge seat is provided with a sleeve (43), one end of the swing rod (41) is slidably arranged along the sleeve (43), and the end of the swing rod (41) is provided with a limit screw (44) and a limit washer for limiting the swing rod (41) from separating from the sleeve (43).

5. The modular quick-change device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other end of the swing rod (41) is provided with a limit block (45), and the limit block (45) is hinged to one end of the limit rod (42).

6. The modular quick-change device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spring (46) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the swing rod (41), one end of the spring (46) abuts against the sleeve (43), and the other end of the spring (46) abuts against the limit block (45).

7. The modular quick-change device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting block (45) is a U-shaped structure, and the limiting rod (42) is provided with a hinged portion (421) hinged to the limiting block (45).

8. The modular quick-change device according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The guide structure (12) is a cylindrical tube, the limiting rod (42) is a cylindrical rod, and the end of the limiting rod (42) away from the hinged portion (421) is a tip with an inclined surface.

9. A multifunctional management equipment, characterized in that: include: A chassis assembly (10), wherein a power system (30) is provided on the chassis assembly (10), wherein the power system (30) is connected to a first hydraulic system to drive a hydraulic pump of the first hydraulic system to provide hydraulic pressure, wherein the first hydraulic system is connected to a motor of a traveling device (20) provided on the chassis assembly (10) to drive the traveling device (20), wherein the first hydraulic system is connected to an electrical system, wherein the electrical system is connected to a remote control device, and further comprising a modular quick-change device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the modular quick-change device is driven by a second hydraulic system (40) and a working device (50) on the chassis assembly (10).

10. The multifunctional management equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: A material bin (60) is also provided on the chassis assembly (10).

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