Semi-underground tea leaf withering method

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-underground tea withering method which comprises the following steps: S1, planting: planting pinus massoniana at a flat position near a tea processing plant for more than 5 years in advance, controlling the plant spacing to be 1.8 square meters, and building a forest land with the total area of more than 5 mu; s2, afforestation: pruning branches at the bottom three years after the masson pine is planted, enabling the lower trunk to be 2 m or above, and breeding into a pine forest; s3, digging a withering pool: when the canopy density of the pine forest bred in the step S2 reaches 90% or above, digging the withering pool between rows of the forest, piling soil taken out from the digging pool around the pool, and leveling the bottom; s4, building a sunshelter; s5, sewing a cooling mat; s6, spreading and cooling a mat; s7, performing withering; and S8, taking out. According to the semi-underground tea leaf withering method, the tea leaf withering method is improved, the withering site is arranged in the pine forest, the shading degree is good, the naturalness of the withering environment is kept, and the fragrance and nutritional quality of the tea leaves are improved due to the fact that the pine pollen pervading in the air naturally floats on the tea leaves in the pine blossom season.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tea production, and in particular relates to a semi-underground tea withering method. Background Art

[0002] The water content of freshly picked tea leaves is generally 73-78%. The leaves are hard and brittle, which makes it difficult to roll and shape the tea leaves into a good shape. Withering is to reduce the water content of fresh leaves, so as to promote the slow and orderly changes in the appearance and contents of tea leaves, thus laying a good foundation for improving the quality of tea. The different degrees of withering have a great impact on the subsequent processes and the quality of tea making. When the withering is insufficient, the withered leaves have high water content and poor plasticity. They are easy to break when rolled and even lose tea juice; when the withering is excessive, the leaves have low water content, dry and hard leaves, low viscosity, and are difficult to form strips when rolled. The withering process is different from the nature of direct sun drying. Fresh leaves must maintain physiological activity to allow the enzymes in the fresh leaves to drive the transformation of various components, so that the color, aroma and taste of tea can be formed. The longer the withering time, the stronger the aroma of the tea, and vice versa. However, at present, most tea processing companies use indoor cooling during the withering process. The temperature and humidity are somewhat different from the natural environment, which is not conducive to the biochemical activity of the leaves, thereby reducing the processing quality of fresh leaves. For this reason, we propose a semi-underground tea withering method. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a semi-underground tea withering method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a semi-underground tea withering method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Afforestation: Plant Masson pine trees on a flat area near a tea processing plant at least 5 years in advance, with a row spacing of 1.8 meters per square, and build a forest area of ​​more than 5 mu;

[0006] S2. Forest cultivation: Three years after Masson pine is planted, the bottom branches are trimmed to make the lower trunks more than 2 meters, and a pine forest is cultivated;

[0007] S3 dig withering pool: When the pine forest density cultivated in step S2 above reaches more than 90%, dig withering pools between the rows of trees, dig the soil out of the pool and pile it around the pool, and level the bottom;

[0008] S4. Build a shade shed: In the pine forest cultivated in step S2, the trunks are used as columns, and a shade shed with a ridge height of 1.8-2.4 meters and a slope facing south is built above the withering pool dug in step S3. The lower edge of the shade shed is grounded, and the slope of the roof is covered with fresh pine needles to protect against rain and sun.

[0009] S5. Sewing a cooling mat: Select a fabric with good air permeability and good water absorption, cut to a length of 1.8-2.4 meters, a width slightly smaller than the width of the pool dug in step S3, to form a rectangle, cut edge lock to prevent loose yarn, the four corners of the cooling mat are sewn with a rope, length 0.8-1.2 meters, for flattening the stall surface and storage;

[0010] S6. Place cooling mat: first pour a small amount of water into the bottom of the pool prepared in step S3 to a depth of 2-3 cm, then spread a layer of pine needles, 5-8 cm thick, and then place the cooling mat made in step S5 on the pine needles, and drawstrings at the four corners lead to the outside of the pool, so that the cloth surface of the cooling mat is moist but not wet, dry but not dry;

[0011] S7 withering: In the pine flowering season from March to May, the freshly harvested tea leaves are evenly spread on the cooling mat prepared in step S6, preferably in a thin layer. When the moisture content of the tea leaves reaches an appropriate level, the withering can be terminated and the tea leaves can be removed;

[0012] S8. Take out: Use the drawstrings at the four corners of the cooling mat to lift the mat out of the withering tank and enter the next processing flow.

[0013] Preferably, the step of planting Masson pine in S1 specifically includes:

[0014] S101. Preparation of substrate: 100-160 parts of humus, 70-90 parts of pond mud, 6-12 parts of mushroom residue, 8-16 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1.5-2.5 parts of Jinggangmycin, 2.4-3.6 parts of nano-selenium, 2.4-3.6 parts of phosphate fertilizer, mixed well as a substrate, dried to a moisture content of 15%-20%, and then crushed into 2.5-3.5 mm fine powder and loaded into a container for compaction;

[0015] S102. Seed treatment: Before sowing, soak the seeds in a 2-4% potassium permanganate solution for 30-60 minutes, wash with water and soak in water below 30°C for 18-20 hours, remove the seeds and dry them for later use;

[0016] S103. Soaking: Soak the seeds obtained in step S102 in salicylic acid at a temperature of 18-24°C and a concentration of 200 mg / L for 6-8 hours;

[0017] S104. Sowing: Sow in late March, put the seeds in a container bag, cover with soil, water once a week after the seedlings emerge from the soil, and fertilize three times a week after the seedlings grow to a height of 5 cm.

[0018] Preferably, the method for preparing humus soil in S101 comprises:

[0019] S1011. Prepare the raw materials: fermentation tank, sawdust, rice bran, sugar water and watermelon rind in appropriate amounts;

[0020] S1012. Cut the watermelon rind into small pieces, then put the watermelon rind, sawdust and rice bran into the fermentation tank and stir evenly, pour the sugar water into the fermentation tank, seal the tank mouth, and ferment for 20-30 days;

[0021] S1013. After fermentation is completed, take it out and expose it to the sun for 2-4 days to complete the preparation of humus soil.

[0022] Preferably, the phosphate fertilizer in S101 comprises the following raw material compositions in parts by weight: 240-280 parts of phosphate rock with a phosphorus pentoxide content of 42%, 12-18 parts of serpentine with a magnesium oxide content of 54%, 120-130 parts of dolomite with a magnesium oxide content of 18% and 60-80 parts of manganese ore with a manganese oxide content of 15%. The preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer is: placing the above raw materials in a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature calcination, the temperature is set to 1000-1200° C., calcining for 5-8 hours, water quenching and cooling after calcination, drying, grinding to obtain a powdery material and mixing it with 22-24% of silica sand to obtain the finished phosphate fertilizer.

[0023] Preferably, in S3, a withering pool is excavated between the rows of the woods, and the withering pool is 30-50 meters long, 1.0-1.2 meters wide, and 0.3-0.5 meters deep.

[0024] Preferably, the fabric with good air permeability and good water absorption selected in S5 is linen fabric.

[0025] Preferably, the method for making the linen cloth comprises the following steps: dyeing the flax loose fibers after bleaching, sequentially passing through the steps of combing, needle combing, single refining, double refining, three-step needle combing and final needle combing after drying, mixing flax loose fibers of different colors in the three-step needle combing process, drawing and twisting to form roving, winding the roving on a roving tube, placing it in a boiling and bleaching container to soak it in water at room temperature, spinning it into fine yarn, and finally drying and winding it into a shape to obtain the linen cloth.

[0026] Preferably, the bleaching of flax bulk fiber includes two processes of bleaching and oxygen bleaching. The bleaching process is to put the flax bulk fiber into water, add 1.5g / L NaCLO2, pH value 2.5-3.5, start temperature 30°C, heat to 50°C in 30 minutes, keep warm for 20 minutes and then wash with water to complete the bleaching; then carry out oxygen bleaching, add 3.5g / L H2O2, pH value 10-10.5, start temperature 50°C, heat to 95°C in 30 minutes, keep warm for 30 minutes and then wash with water to complete the oxygen bleaching.

[0027] Preferably, the specific steps of locking the edge of the fabric cut in S5 are: at the cut edge of the fabric, fold the edge inward by 1-3 cm, wrap the folded part with an edge strip, and use a three-thread overlock machine to sew the two ends of the edge strip to the folded part of the fabric to complete the locking process at the cut.

[0028] Preferably, in said S7, the harvested fresh tea leaves are evenly spread on the cooling mat prepared in step S6, with a thickness of 2-7 cm, and are turned over every 2-4 hours.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The semi-underground tea withering method of the present invention improves the tea withering method. By setting the withering site in a pine forest with good shade, the naturalness of the withering environment is maintained. In the pine flower blooming season, the pine pollen diffused in the air naturally floats onto the tea leaves, thereby improving the fragrance and nutritional quality of the tea leaves. The pine needle shade shed built in the withering site has an enhanced shielding effect, can shelter from rain and sun, and can be used in both sunny and rainy days. The withering pool adopts a semi-underground type and has a water layer to regulate the air humidity. The operation is simple. The optimal physiological ecology of the tea leaves in the withering process is maintained through the underground humid environment. In addition, in a place below the ground, It avoids the harassment of strong winds on the ground; the cooling mat is made of cloth with good air permeability and good water absorption, and is made of natural materials. During operation, the cloth is in the best state of "moist but not wet, dry but not dry", which is conducive to the slow dissipation of moisture from fresh leaves; this "four-dimensional" withering ecological construction of "cultivating forest + leaf shade shed + semi-underground withering pool + cloth cooling mat" maintains the coordination of temperature, humidity, light, airflow and other aspects of fresh leaves during the dehydration process to the greatest extent, so that fresh leaves can complete various physiological activities in an artificial environment as close to the original ecology as possible, realize the transformation of nutrients, and enhance the color, fragrance and taste of tea. The present invention runs through the ecological concept throughout the whole process, and the processing quality of tea is greatly improved. It plays a very important role in improving the product competitiveness of tea processing enterprises, and has high market application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a semi-underground tea withering method, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Afforestation: Plant Masson pine trees on a flat area near a tea processing plant at least 5 years in advance, with a row spacing of 1.8 meters per square, and build a forest area of ​​more than 5 mu;

[0036] S2. Forest cultivation: Three years after Masson pine is planted, the bottom branches are trimmed to make the lower trunks more than 2 meters, and a pine forest is cultivated;

[0037] S3 dig withering pool: When the pine forest density cultivated in step S2 above reaches more than 90%, dig withering pools between the rows of trees, dig the soil out of the pool and pile it around the pool, and level the bottom;

[0038] S4. Build a shade shed: In the pine forest cultivated in step S2, the trunks are used as columns, and a shade shed with a ridge height of 1.8 meters and a slope facing south is built above the withering pool dug in step S3. The lower edge of the shade shed is grounded, and the slope of the roof is covered with fresh pine needles to protect against rain and sun.

[0039] S5. Sewing a cooling mat: Select a fabric with good air permeability and good water absorption, cut to a length of 1.8 meters, a width slightly smaller than the width of the pool dug in step S3, to form a rectangle, cut edge lock to prevent loose yarn, the four corners of the cooling mat are sewn with a lifting rope, 0.8 meters in length, for easy flattening of the stall surface and storage;

[0040] S6. Place cooling mat: first pour a small amount of water into the bottom of the pool prepared in step S3 to a depth of 2 cm, then spread a layer of pine needles, 5 cm thick, and then place the cooling mat made in step S5 on the pine needles, with the pull ropes at the four corners leading out of the pool, so that the cloth surface of the cooling mat is moist but not wet, dry but not dry;

[0041] S7. Withering: In the pine blossom season in March, the freshly harvested tea leaves are evenly spread on the cooling mat prepared in step S6, preferably in a thin layer. When the moisture content of the tea leaves reaches an appropriate level, withering can be terminated and the tea leaves can be removed;

[0042] S8. Take out: Use the drawstrings at the four corners of the cooling mat to lift the mat out of the withering tank and enter the next processing flow.

[0043] In this embodiment, preferably, the step of planting Masson pine in S1 specifically includes:

[0044] S101. Preparation of substrate: 100 parts of humus, 70 parts of pond mud, 6 parts of mushroom residue, 8 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1.5 parts of Jinggangmycin, 2.4 parts of nano-selenium, 2.4 parts of phosphate fertilizer were fully mixed as a substrate, dried to a moisture content of 15%, and then crushed into 2.5 mm fine powder and loaded into a container for compaction;

[0045] S102. Seed treatment: Before sowing, soak the seeds in a 2% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, wash with water and soak in water below 30°C for 18 hours, remove the seeds and dry them for later use;

[0046] S103. Soaking: Soak the seeds obtained in step S102 in salicylic acid at a temperature of 18°C ​​and a concentration of 200 mg / L for 6 hours;

[0047] S104. Sowing: Sow in late March, put the seeds in a container bag, cover with soil, water once a week after the seedlings emerge from the soil, and fertilize three times a week after the seedlings grow to a height of 5 cm.

[0048] In this embodiment, preferably, the method for preparing humus soil in S101 includes:

[0049] S1011. Prepare the raw materials: fermentation tank, sawdust, rice bran, sugar water and watermelon rind in appropriate amounts;

[0050] S1012. Cut the watermelon rind into small pieces, then put the watermelon rind, sawdust and rice bran into the fermentation tank and stir evenly, pour the sugar water into the fermentation tank, seal the tank mouth, and ferment for 20 days;

[0051] S1013. After fermentation is completed, take it out and expose it to the sun for 2 days to complete the preparation of humus soil.

[0052] In this embodiment, preferably, the phosphate fertilizer in S101 includes the following raw material compositions in parts by weight: 240 parts of phosphate rock with a phosphorus pentoxide content of 42%, 12 parts of serpentine with a magnesium oxide content of 54%, 120 parts of dolomite with a magnesium oxide content of 18% and 60 parts of manganese ore with a manganese oxide content of 15%. The preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer is: placing the above raw materials in a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature calcination, the temperature is set to 1000°C, calcining for 5 hours, cooling and drying after calcination, grinding to obtain a powdery material and mixing it with 22% silica sand to obtain the finished phosphate fertilizer.

[0053] In this embodiment, preferably, in S3, a withering pool is excavated between the rows of the woods, and the withering pool is 30 meters long, 1.0 meter wide and 0.3 meter deep.

[0054] In this embodiment, preferably, the cloth with good air permeability and good water absorption selected in S5 is linen cloth.

[0055] In this embodiment, preferably, the method for making the linen cloth comprises the following steps: dyeing the flax loose fibers after bleaching, sequentially passing through the processes of combing, needle combing, single refining, double refining, three-step needle combing, and final needle combing after drying, mixing flax loose fibers of different colors into the three-step needle combing process, drawing and twisting to form roving, winding the roving on a roving tube, placing it in a boiling and bleaching container to soak it in water at room temperature, spinning it into fine yarn, and finally drying and winding it into a cone to form the flax cloth.

[0056] In this embodiment, preferably, the bleaching of the flax bulk fiber includes two processes, namely, a preliminary bleaching and an oxygen bleaching. The preliminary bleaching process is to put the flax bulk fiber into water, add 1.5 g / L NaCLO2, pH value 2.5, start temperature 30°C, heat to 50°C in 30 minutes, keep warm for 20 minutes and then wash with water to complete the preliminary bleaching; then, oxygen bleaching is performed by adding 3.5 g / L H2O2, pH value 10, starting temperature 50°C, heat to 95°C in 30 minutes, keep warm for 30 minutes and then wash with water to complete the oxygen bleaching.

[0057] In this embodiment, preferably, the specific steps of locking the edge of the fabric cut in S5 are: at the edge of the cut of the fabric, the edge is folded inward by 1 cm, the folded part is wrapped with an edge strip, and the two ends of the edge strip are sewed to the folded part of the fabric with a three-thread overlock machine to complete the locking process at the cut.

[0058] In this embodiment, preferably, in said S7, the harvested fresh tea leaves are evenly spread on the cooling mat prepared in step S6, with a thickness of 2 cm, and are turned over every 2 hours.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a semi-underground tea withering method, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. Afforestation: Plant Masson pine trees on a flat area near a tea processing plant at least 5 years in advance, with a row spacing of 1.8 meters per square, and build a forest area of ​​more than 5 mu;

[0062] S2. Forest cultivation: Three years after Masson pine is planted, the bottom branches are trimmed to make the lower trunks more than 2 meters, and a pine forest is cultivated;

[0063] S3 dig withering pool: When the pine forest density cultivated in step S2 above reaches more than 90%, dig withering pools between the rows of trees, dig the soil out of the pool and pile it around the pool, and level the bottom;

[0064] S4. Build a shade shed: In the pine forest cultivated in step S2, the trunks are used as columns, and a ridge height of 2.4 meters and a south-facing slope shade shed is built above the withering pool dug in step S3. The lower edge of the shade shed is grounded, and the slope of the roof is covered with fresh pine needles to protect against rain and sun.

[0065] S5. Sewing a cooling mat: Select a fabric with good air permeability and good water absorption, cut to a length of 2.4 meters, a width slightly smaller than the width of the pool dug in step S3, to form a rectangle, cut edge lock to prevent loose yarn, the four corners of the cooling mat are sewn with a rope, 1.2 meters in length, for easy flattening and storage of the stall surface;

[0066] S6. Place cooling mat: first pour a small amount of water into the bottom of the pool prepared in step S3 to a depth of 3 cm, then spread a layer of pine needles, 8 cm thick, and then place the cooling mat made in step S5 on the pine needles, and drawstrings at the four corners lead to the outside of the pool, so that the cloth surface of the cooling mat is moist but not wet, dry but not dry;

[0067] S7 withering: In the pine flowering season from March to May, the freshly harvested tea leaves are evenly spread on the cooling mat prepared in step S6, preferably in a thin layer. When the moisture content of the tea leaves reaches an appropriate level, the withering can be terminated and the tea leaves can be removed;

[0068] S8. Take out: Use the drawstrings at the four corners of the cooling mat to lift the mat out of the withering tank and enter the next processing flow.

[0069] In this embodiment, preferably, the step of planting Masson pine in S1 specifically includes:

[0070] S101. Preparation of substrate: 160 parts of humus, 90 parts of pond mud, 12 parts of mushroom residue, 16 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 2.5 parts of Jinggangmycin, 3.6 parts of nano-selenium, 3.6 parts of phosphate fertilizer were fully mixed as a substrate, dried to a moisture content of 20%, and then crushed into 3.5 mm fine powder and loaded into a container for compaction;

[0071] S102. Seed treatment: Before sowing, soak the seeds in a 4% potassium permanganate solution for 60 minutes, wash with water and soak in water below 30°C for 20 hours, remove the seeds and dry them for later use;

[0072] S103. Soaking: Soak the seeds obtained in step S102 in salicylic acid at a temperature of 24°C and a concentration of 200 mg / L for 8 hours;

[0073] S104. Sowing: Sow in late March, put the seeds in a container bag, cover with soil, water once a week after the seedlings emerge from the soil, and fertilize three times a week after the seedlings grow to a height of 5 cm.

[0074] In this embodiment, preferably, the method for preparing humus soil in S101 includes:

[0075] S1011. Prepare the raw materials: fermentation tank, sawdust, rice bran, sugar water and watermelon rind in appropriate amounts;

[0076] S1012. Cut the watermelon rind into small pieces, then put the watermelon rind, sawdust and rice bran into the fermentation tank and stir evenly, pour the sugar water into the fermentation tank, seal the tank mouth, and ferment for 30 days;

[0077] S1013. After fermentation is completed, take it out and expose it to the sun for 4 days to complete the preparation of humus soil.

[0078] In this embodiment, preferably, the phosphate fertilizer in S101 includes the following raw material compositions in parts by weight: 280 parts of phosphate rock with a phosphorus pentoxide content of 42%, 18 parts of serpentine with a magnesium oxide content of 54%, 130 parts of dolomite with a magnesium oxide content of 18% and 80 parts of manganese ore with a manganese oxide content of 15%. The preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer is: placing the above raw materials in a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature calcination, the temperature is set to 1200°C, calcination for 8 hours, water quenching and cooling after calcination, drying, grinding to obtain a powdered material and mixing it with 24% silica sand to obtain the finished phosphate fertilizer.

[0079] In this embodiment, preferably, in S3, a withering pool is excavated between the rows of the woods, and the withering pool is 50 meters long, 1.2 meters wide and 0.5 meters deep.

[0080] In this embodiment, preferably, the cloth with good air permeability and good water absorption selected in S5 is linen cloth.

[0081] In this embodiment, preferably, the method for making the linen cloth comprises the following steps: dyeing the flax loose fibers after bleaching, sequentially passing through the processes of combing, needle combing, single refining, double refining, three-step needle combing, and final needle combing after drying, mixing flax loose fibers of different colors into the three-step needle combing process, drawing and twisting to form roving, winding the roving on a roving tube, placing it in a boiling and bleaching container to soak it in water at room temperature, spinning it into fine yarn, and finally drying and winding it into a cone to form the flax cloth.

[0082] In this embodiment, preferably, the bleaching of the flax bulk fiber includes two processes, namely, a preliminary bleaching and an oxygen bleaching. The preliminary bleaching process is to put the flax bulk fiber into water, add 1.5 g / L NaCLO2, pH value 3.5, start temperature 30°C, heat to 50°C in 30 minutes, keep warm for 20 minutes and then wash with water to complete the preliminary bleaching; then, oxygen bleaching is performed by adding 3.5 g / L H2O2, pH value 10.5, starting temperature 50°C, heat to 95°C in 30 minutes, keep warm for 30 minutes and then wash with water to complete the oxygen bleaching.

[0083] In this embodiment, preferably, the specific steps of locking the edge of the fabric cut in S5 are: at the edge of the cut of the fabric, the edge is folded inward by 3 cm, the folded part is wrapped with an edge strip, and the two ends of the edge strip are sewed to the folded part of the fabric with a three-thread overlock machine to complete the locking process at the cut.

[0084] In this embodiment, preferably, in said S7, the harvested fresh tea leaves are evenly spread on the cooling mat prepared in step S6, with a thickness of 7 cm, and are turned over every 4 hours.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a semi-underground tea withering method, comprising the following steps:

[0087] S1. Afforestation: Plant Masson pine trees on a flat area near a tea processing plant at least 5 years in advance, with a row spacing of 1.8 meters per square, and build a forest area of ​​more than 5 mu;

[0088] S2. Forest cultivation: Three years after Masson pine is planted, the bottom branches are trimmed to make the lower trunks more than 2 meters, and a pine forest is cultivated;

[0089] S3 dig withering pool: When the pine forest density cultivated in step S2 above reaches more than 90%, dig withering pools between the rows of trees, dig the soil out of the pool and pile it around the pool, and level the bottom;

[0090] S4. Build a shade shed: In the pine forest cultivated in step S2, the trunks are used as columns, and a ridge height of 2 meters and a south-facing slope shade shed is built above the withering pool dug in step S3. The lower edge of the shade shed is grounded, and the slope of the roof is covered with fresh pine needles to protect against rain and sun.

[0091] S5. Sewing a cooling mat: Select a fabric with good air permeability and good water absorption, cut to a length of 2 meters, a width slightly smaller than the width of the pool dug in step S3, to form a rectangle, cut edge lock to prevent loose yarn, the four corners of the cooling mat are sewn with a rope, 1 meter in length, for easy flattening and storage of the stall surface;

[0092] S6. Place cooling mat: first pour a small amount of water into the bottom of the pool prepared in step S3 to a depth of 2.5 cm, then spread a layer of pine needles, 6 cm thick, and then place the cooling mat made in step S5 on the pine needles, with the ropes at the four corners leading out of the pool, so that the cloth surface of the cooling mat is moist but not wet, dry but not dry;

[0093] S7 withering: In the pine flowering season from March to May, the freshly harvested tea leaves are evenly spread on the cooling mat prepared in step S6, preferably in a thin layer. When the moisture content of the tea leaves reaches an appropriate level, the withering can be terminated and the tea leaves can be removed;

[0094] S8. Take out: Use the drawstrings at the four corners of the cooling mat to lift the mat out of the withering tank and enter the next processing flow.

[0095] In this embodiment, preferably, the step of planting Masson pine in S1 specifically includes:

[0096] S101. Preparation of substrate: 120 parts of humus, 80 parts of pond mud, 8 parts of mushroom residue, 12 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1.8 parts of Jinggangmycin, 2.8 parts of nano-selenium, 2.8 parts of phosphate fertilizer were fully mixed as a substrate, dried to a moisture content of 18%, and then crushed into 3 mm fine powder and loaded into a container for compaction;

[0097] S102. Seed treatment: Before sowing, soak the seeds in a 3% potassium permanganate solution for 40 minutes, wash with water and soak in water below 30°C for 19 hours, remove the seeds and dry them for later use;

[0098] S103. Soaking: Soak the seeds obtained in step S102 in salicylic acid at a temperature of 22°C and a concentration of 200 mg / L for 7 hours;

[0099] S104. Sowing: Sow in late March, put the seeds in a container bag, cover with soil, water once a week after the seedlings emerge from the soil, and fertilize three times a week after the seedlings grow to a height of 5 cm.

[0100] In this embodiment, preferably, the method for preparing humus soil in S101 includes:

[0101] S1011. Prepare the raw materials: fermentation tank, sawdust, rice bran, sugar water and watermelon rind in appropriate amounts;

[0102] S1012. Cut the watermelon rind into small pieces, then put the watermelon rind, sawdust and rice bran into the fermentation tank and stir evenly, pour the sugar water into the fermentation tank, seal the tank mouth, and ferment for 25 days;

[0103] S1013. After fermentation is completed, take it out and expose it to the sun for 3 days to complete the preparation of humus soil.

[0104] In this embodiment, preferably, the phosphate fertilizer in S101 includes the following raw material compositions in parts by weight: 260 parts of phosphate rock with a phosphorus pentoxide content of 42%, 16 parts of serpentine with a magnesium oxide content of 54%, 125 parts of dolomite with a magnesium oxide content of 18% and 70 parts of manganese ore with a manganese oxide content of 15%. The preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer is: placing the above raw materials in a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature calcination, the temperature is set to 1100°C, calcining for 7 hours, water quenching and cooling after calcination, drying, grinding to obtain a powdery material and mixing it with 23% silica sand to obtain the finished phosphate fertilizer.

[0105] In this embodiment, preferably, in S3, a withering pool is excavated between the rows of the woods, and the withering pool is 40 meters long, 1.1 meters wide and 0.4 meters deep.

[0106] In this embodiment, preferably, the cloth with good air permeability and good water absorption selected in S5 is linen cloth.

[0107] In this embodiment, preferably, the method for making the linen cloth comprises the following steps: dyeing the flax loose fibers after bleaching, sequentially passing through the processes of combing, needle combing, single refining, double refining, three-step needle combing, and final needle combing after drying, mixing flax loose fibers of different colors into the three-step needle combing process, drawing and twisting to form roving, winding the roving on a roving tube, placing it in a boiling and bleaching container to soak it in water at room temperature, spinning it into fine yarn, and finally drying and winding it into a cone to form the flax cloth.

[0108] In this embodiment, preferably, the bleaching of the flax bulk fiber includes two processes, namely, a preliminary bleaching process and an oxygen bleaching process. The preliminary bleaching process is to put the flax bulk fiber into water, add 1.5 g / L NaCLO2, pH value 3, start temperature 30°C, heat to 50°C in 30 minutes, keep warm for 20 minutes, then wash with water to complete the preliminary bleaching process; then perform the oxygen bleaching process, add 3.5 g / L H2O2, pH value 10.2, start temperature 50°C, heat to 95°C in 30 minutes, keep warm for 30 minutes, then wash with water to complete the oxygen bleaching process.

[0109] In this embodiment, preferably, the specific steps of locking the edge of the fabric cut in S5 are: at the edge of the cut of the fabric, the edge is folded inward by 2 cm, the folded part is wrapped with an edge strip, and the two ends of the edge strip are sewed to the folded part of the fabric with a three-thread overlock machine to complete the locking process at the cut.

[0110] In this embodiment, preferably, in said S7, the harvested fresh tea leaves are evenly spread on the cooling mat prepared in step S6, with a thickness of 5 cm, and are turned over every 3 hours.

[0111] Principles and advantages of the present invention:

[0112] The semi-underground tea withering method of the present invention improves the tea withering method. By setting the withering site in a pine forest with good shade, the naturalness of the withering environment is maintained. In the pine flower blooming season, the pine pollen diffused in the air naturally floats onto the tea leaves, thereby improving the fragrance and nutritional quality of the tea leaves. The pine needle shade shed built in the withering site has an enhanced shielding effect, can shelter from rain and sun, and can be used in both sunny and rainy days. The withering pool adopts a semi-underground type and has a water layer to regulate the air humidity. The operation is simple. The optimal physiological ecology of the tea leaves in the withering process is maintained through the underground humid environment. In addition, in a place below the ground, It avoids the harassment of strong winds on the ground; the cooling mat is made of cloth with good air permeability and good water absorption, and is made of natural materials. During operation, the cloth is in the best state of "moist but not wet, dry but not dry", which is conducive to the slow dissipation of moisture from fresh leaves; this "four-dimensional" withering ecological construction of "cultivating forest + leaf shade shed + semi-underground withering pool + cloth cooling mat" maintains the coordination of temperature, humidity, light, airflow and other aspects of fresh leaves during the dehydration process to the greatest extent, so that fresh leaves can complete various physiological activities in an artificial environment as close to the original ecology as possible, realize the transformation of nutrients, and enhance the color, fragrance and taste of tea. The present invention runs through the ecological concept throughout the whole process, and the processing quality of tea is greatly improved. It plays a very important role in improving the product competitiveness of tea processing enterprises, and has high market application value.

[0113] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A semi-underground tea withering method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Afforestation: Plant Masson pine trees on a flat area near a tea processing plant at least 5 years in advance, with a row spacing of 1.8 meters per square, and build a forest area of ​​more than 5 mu; S2. Forest cultivation: Three years after Masson pine is planted, the bottom branches are trimmed to make the lower trunks more than 2 meters, and a pine forest is cultivated; S3 dig withering pool: When the pine forest density cultivated in step S2 above reaches more than 90%, dig withering pools between the rows of trees, dig the soil out of the pool and pile it around the pool, and level the bottom; S4. Build a shade shed: In the pine forest cultivated in step S2, the trunks are used as columns, and a shade shed with a ridge height of 1.8-2.4 meters and a slope facing south is built above the withering pool dug in step S3. The lower edge of the shade shed is grounded, and the slope of the roof is covered with fresh pine needles to protect against rain and sun. S5. Sewing a cooling mat: Select a fabric with good air permeability and good water absorption, cut to a length of 1.8-2.4 meters, a width slightly smaller than the width of the pool dug in step S3, to form a rectangle, cut edge lock to prevent loose yarn, the four corners of the cooling mat are sewn with a rope, length 0.8-1.2 meters, for flattening the stall surface and storage; S6. Place cooling mat: first pour a small amount of water into the bottom of the pool prepared in step S3 to a depth of 2-3 cm, then spread a layer of pine needles, 5-8 cm thick, and then place the cooling mat made in step S5 on the pine needles, and drawstrings at the four corners lead to the outside of the pool, so that the cloth surface of the cooling mat is moist but not wet, dry but not dry; S7 withering: In the pine flowering season from March to May, the freshly harvested tea leaves are evenly spread on the cooling mat prepared in step S6, preferably in a thin layer. When the moisture content of the tea leaves reaches an appropriate level, the withering can be terminated and the tea leaves can be removed; S8. Take out: Use the drawstrings at the four corners of the cooling mat to lift the mat out of the withering tank and enter the next processing flow.

2. A semi-underground tea withering method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of planting Masson pine in S1 specifically includes: S101. Preparation of substrate: 100-160 parts of humus, 70-90 parts of pond mud, 6-12 parts of mushroom residue, 8-16 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1.5-2.5 parts of Jinggangmycin, 2.4-3.6 parts of nano-selenium, 2.4-3.6 parts of phosphate fertilizer, mixed well as a substrate, dried to a moisture content of 15%-20%, and then crushed into 2.5-3.5 mm fine powder and loaded into a container for compaction; S102. Seed treatment: Before sowing, soak the seeds in a 2-4% potassium permanganate solution for 30-60 minutes, wash with water and soak in water below 30°C for 18-20 hours, remove the seeds and dry them for later use; S103. Soaking: Soak the seeds obtained in step S102 in salicylic acid at a temperature of 18-24°C and a concentration of 200 mg / L for 6-8 hours; S104. Sowing: Sow in late March, put the seeds in a container bag, cover with soil, water once a week after the seedlings emerge from the soil, and fertilize three times a week after the seedlings grow to a height of 5 cm.

3. A semi-underground tea withering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for preparing humus soil in S101 comprises: S1011. Prepare the raw materials: fermentation tank, sawdust, rice bran, sugar water and watermelon rind in appropriate amounts; S1012. Cut the watermelon rind into small pieces, then put the watermelon rind, sawdust and rice bran into the fermentation tank and stir evenly, pour the sugar water into the fermentation tank, seal the tank mouth, and ferment for 20-30 days; S1013. After fermentation is completed, take it out and expose it to the sun for 2-4 days to complete the preparation of humus soil.

4. A semi-underground tea withering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phosphate fertilizer in S101 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 240-280 parts of phosphate rock with a phosphorus pentoxide content of 42%, 12-18 parts of serpentine with a magnesium oxide content of 54%, 120-130 parts of dolomite with a magnesium oxide content of 18% and 60-80 parts of manganese ore with a manganese oxide content of 15%. The preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer is: placing the above raw materials in a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature calcination, the temperature is set to 1000-1200° C., calcining for 5-8 hours, cooling with water quenching after calcination, drying, grinding to obtain a powdery material, mixing it with 22-24% of silica sand, and obtaining the finished phosphate fertilizer.

5. A semi-underground tea withering method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S3, a withering pool is excavated between the rows of trees, and the withering pool is 30-50 meters long, 1.0-1.2 meters wide, and 0.3-0.5 meters deep.

6. A semi-underground tea withering method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the fabric with good air permeability and good water absorption is linen fabric.

7. A semi-underground tea withering method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for making the linen cloth comprises the following steps: dyeing the flax loose fibers after bleaching, sequentially passing through the processes of combing, needle combing, single refining, double refining, three-step needle combing and final needle combing after drying, mixing the flax loose fibers of different colors in the three-step needle combing process, drawing and twisting to form roving, winding the roving on a roving tube, placing the roving in a boiling and bleaching container to be soaked in water at normal temperature, spinning the roving to form fine yarn, and finally drying and winding the roving to form the roving, thus obtaining the linen cloth.

8. A semi-underground tea withering method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bleaching of flax loose fibers includes two processes: sub-bleaching and oxygen bleaching. In the sub-bleaching process, the flax loose fibers are put into water, 1.5 g / L NaCLO2 is added, the pH value is 2.5-3.5, the starting temperature is 30°C, the temperature is raised to 50°C in 30 minutes, the temperature is kept for 20 minutes, and then the sub-bleaching is completed; then the oxygen bleaching is performed, 3.5 g / L H2O2 is added, the pH value is 10-10.5, the starting temperature is 50°C, the temperature is raised to 95°C in 30 minutes, the temperature is kept for 30 minutes, and then the temperature is washed to complete the oxygen bleaching.

9. A semi-underground tea withering method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of locking the edge of the fabric cut in S5 are: at the edge of the cut of the fabric, fold the edge inward by 1-3 cm, wrap the folded part with an edge strip, and use a three-thread overlock machine to sew the two ends of the edge strip to the folded part of the fabric to complete the locking process at the cut.

10. A semi-underground tea withering method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the harvested fresh tea leaves are evenly spread on the cooling mat prepared in step S6, with a thickness of 2-7 cm, and the leaves are turned over every 2-4 hours.

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