A cage-raising method for Wenchang chickens during fattening period

Abstract

The invention discloses a cage-raising method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period. The method comprises the following steps: the broilers are raised in cages when they are 115 days old, and are fed with fattening chicken feeds in the early, middle and late stages of fattening, respectively, and are marketed after being raised in cages for 1 to 2 months. The method adopts segmented raising during the fattening period, and feeds are mixed with mixed feeds of different weights for feeding. The appropriate feeding amount enables the quality of the broilers to reach a better state, and can supplement other nutrients required for the fattening period of the broilers, prevent excessive deposition of abdominal fat, improve the energy metabolism of the broilers, prevent the phenomenon of excessively fast weight gain and uneven uniformity of the broilers during the fattening period, effectively maintain the weight of the broilers, and improve the marketed quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of poultry breeding, and in particular to a cage breeding method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period. Background Art

[0002] Wenchang chicken is a local breed. Meat-type Wenchang chicken is mainly hens, with thin and smooth skin, plump meat, color, aroma and nutrition. The breeding is divided into three stages: brooding, rearing and fattening. In order to further improve the flavor of chicken, rearing chickens continue to be caged and fattened. With the increasingly tight resources and environment and the increasing pressure on the supply of meat products, the scale, intensiveness and rapid fattening of broiler industry are constantly improving. The traditional method of raising chickens in the free range will occupy a large amount of forest land and other limiting factors, and the existing free-range rearing gradually tends to be caged or directly raised in cages after a period of free range. Wenchang chickens with a shorter age are directly fed with full-price feed for the rearing period. At this time, the amount of exercise of broilers is reduced. When fattening in the later fattening period, although the growth rate increases significantly, it will cause the problem of excessive deposition of abdominal fat. Excessive abdominal fat deposition will not only reduce the feed conversion rate and slaughter rate of chickens, but also reduce the deposition of protein in the chest and leg muscles, affecting the meat quality of Wenchang chickens and limiting the commercialization of Wenchang chickens. Therefore, reducing excessive abdominal fat deposition and improving meat quality are the most important parts of the fattening process, and the improvement and innovation of cage fattening feeding methods and feed formulas are measures to promote the efficient operation of the broiler industry. In existing feeds, Chinese herbal medicines are often added to feed mixed feeds, which has a good effect. Therefore, based on this technology, the present invention studies the effect of its plant flowers on the quality and sensory flavor formation of broiler chickens during the fattening period. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a cage culture method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period.

[0004] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows: a cage-raising method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period, wherein the broilers are caged when they are 115 days old, and the broilers are fed with fattening chicken feed in the early, middle and late stages of fattening, and are caged and sold after being raised for 1 to 2 months;

[0005] In the early stage, the feed for fattening chickens aged 115 to 140 days contains 18 to 25% by weight of cooked mixed feed, and the average daily feeding amount is 65 to 70 g per chicken;

[0006] In the middle stage, fattening chickens aged 141 to 160 days are fed with fattening chicken feed mixed with 10 to 15% by weight of cooked mixed feed, with an average daily feeding amount of 72 to 78 g per chicken;

[0007] The fattening chickens at the later stage of 161 to 170 days of age are not given light at night, and are only given weak light during the day for breeding. The weak light allows the chickens to rest and retain more energy, improves the digestibility of feed, and improves the uniformity of the chickens. The fattening chicken feed is mixed with 5 to 8% by weight of cooked mixed material, and the average daily feeding amount is 80 to 85 g per chicken. The mixed material includes yellow acacia flower, wild chrysanthemum, frangipani, golden camellia, honeysuckle and ivy.

[0008] Furthermore, the mixture includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of yellow acacia flowers, 20-25 parts of wild chrysanthemums, 15-20 parts of plumeria, 18-25 parts of golden camellia, 20-30 parts of honeysuckle and 10-15 parts of ivy.

[0009] Furthermore, the mixture and water are boiled for 20 to 30 minutes at a weight ratio of 1:1 to 1.5, and palm oil is added after cooling to obtain a cooked mixture, and the cooked mixture and the fattening chicken feed are mixed evenly. The added palm oil not only contains rich fatty acids and maintains nutritional balance, but also allows the mixture and the fattening chicken feed to be mixed evenly.

[0010] Furthermore, the fattening chicken feed includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 to 15 parts of corn, 40 to 60 parts of broken rice, 3 to 7 parts of soybean meal, 12 to 20 parts of peanut cake, 10 to 20 parts of biological fermentation material, 8 to 15 parts of rice bran, 10 to 20 parts of fine stone powder, 0.3 to 0.7 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 1 to 3 parts of premix.

[0011] Furthermore, the fattening chicken feed includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of corn, 40 parts of broken rice, 5 parts of soybean meal, 16 parts of peanut cakes, 15 parts of biological fermentation feed, 10 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of fine stone powder, 0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 2 parts of premix.

[0012] Furthermore, the light intensity of the weak light in the late daytime is 23 to 25 lux.

[0013] Furthermore, the breeding temperature is 20-26°C and the humidity is 50-60%.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] By adopting segmented feeding during fattening, controlling the feed amount, improving the feed digestibility, and using appropriate feeding amounts to achieve the best quality of broilers, excessive abdominal fat deposition can be prevented. The fattening chicken feed is mixed with different weights for staged feeding, which can supplement other nutrients required for the fattening stage of broilers, improve the digestibility and utilization of protein and amino acids, improve the energy metabolism of broilers, prevent the phenomenon of excessive weight gain and poor uniformity during the fattening period of broilers, and effectively maintain the weight of broilers. Centralized and staged management and feeding of chickens can improve the intestines of broilers, improve the digestion and absorption capacity of broilers, improve the quality of the market, and also improve the breeding efficiency.

[0016] In the coarse powder mixture, yellow acacia has a large flower production. As a feed, yellow acacia flowers have a good effect on improving the color of Wenchang chicken meat during the fattening period. It has a high crude fiber content and can reduce fat precipitation. Wild chrysanthemum has the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying. It contains flavonoids, volatile oil amino acids and trace elements as main components. It has a good effect on improving the skin color of broilers, good palatability, improving broiler feed utilization, improving immunity, and promoting broiler coloring. Plumeria, also known as egg yolk flower, has a fresh floral fragrance and the effect of clearing heat and relieving summer heat. It contains cyclopentene ether terpenoids and volatile oils to improve muscle tenderness. The color of Camellia chrysantha presents a series of complete yellow tones. Flavonoids are the key pigment group in its anthocyanins. It not only has a variety of active substances such as brass, but also vitamins such as vitamin C and vitamin E. It has the effects of reducing fat deposition and improving muscle brightness. The flowers of honeysuckle are rich in various active ingredients such as flavonoids, cyclopentane ether terpenes and volatile oils, which have anti-inflammatory and immunity-enhancing effects, have a good effect on the lipid metabolism of broilers, can improve the utilization rate of chicken feed, and improve the weight of broilers. The flowers of Ixora dasyphylla have a high content of flavonoids, have a good immune regulation, and make the bones of broilers brittle. The above-mentioned coarse powdered flower mixtures are used in combination with each other. The raw materials of plant flowers are easy to obtain and have a fresh floral fragrance. They have a good effect on the taste of meat in the later stage of fattening, and give broilers a unique fragrance. The combination of the mixture can improve the quality of meat during the fattening period, and effectively prevent diseases caused by staphylococci, salmonella and viral diseases, and can work together to promote the quality of chicken and reduce excessive deposition of abdominal fat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] A cage-raising method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period comprises the following steps: raising broilers in cages when they are 115 days old, feeding the broilers with fattening chicken feed in the early, middle and late stages of fattening, with a raising temperature of 22 DEG C and a humidity of 50%, and releasing the broilers for sale after being raised in cages for 1 to 2 months.

[0020] In the early stage, the feed for fattening chickens aged 115 to 140 days contains 18% by weight of cooked mixed feed, and the average daily feeding amount is 65 to 70 g per chicken;

[0021] In the middle stage, fattening chickens aged 141 to 160 days are fed with fattening chicken feed mixed with 10% by weight of cooked mixed feed, with an average daily feeding amount of 72 to 78 g per chicken;

[0022] In the later stage, fattening chickens aged 161 to 170 days are not given light at night, but only weak light during the day, with a light intensity of 23 lux. The fattening chicken feed is mixed with 5% by weight of cooked mixed feed, and the average daily feeding amount is 80 to 85 g per chicken;

[0023] The mixture includes the following raw materials by weight: 12g of yellow acacia flower, 20g of wild chrysanthemum, 15g of frangipani, 18g of golden camellia, 20g of honeysuckle and 10g of ivy. The mixture and water are boiled for 20 minutes at a weight ratio of 1:1, and palm oil is added after cooling to obtain a cooked mixture, and the cooked mixture and fattening chicken feed are mixed evenly.

[0024] The fattening chicken feed includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8g corn, 40g broken rice, 3g soybean meal, 12g peanut cake, 10g biological fermentation material, 8g rice bran, 10g fine stone powder, 0.3g calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 1g premix.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] A cage-raising method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period comprises the following steps: raising broilers in cages when they are 115 days old, feeding the broilers with fattening chicken feed in the early, middle and late stages of fattening, with a raising temperature of 26 DEG C and a humidity of 60%, and releasing the broilers for sale after being raised in cages for 1 to 2 months.

[0027] In the early stage, the feed for fattening chickens aged 115 to 140 days contains 25% by weight of cooked mixed feed, and the average daily feeding amount is 65 to 70 g per chicken;

[0028] In the middle stage, fattening chickens aged 141 to 160 days are fed with fattening chicken feed mixed with 15% by weight of cooked mixed feed, with an average daily feeding amount of 72 to 78 g per chicken;

[0029] In the later stage, fattening chickens aged 161 to 170 days are not given light at night, but only weak light during the day, with a light intensity of 25 lux. The fattening chicken feed is mixed with 8% by weight of cooked mixed feed, and the average daily feeding amount is 80 to 85 g per chicken;

[0030] The mixture includes the following raw materials by weight: 15g of yellow acacia flower, 25g of wild chrysanthemum, 20g of frangipani, 25g of golden camellia, 30g of honeysuckle and 15g of ivy. The mixture and water are boiled for 30 minutes at a weight ratio of 1:1.5, and palm oil is added after cooling to obtain a cooked mixture, and the cooked mixture and fattening chicken feed are mixed evenly.

[0031] Among them, the fattening chicken feed includes the following raw materials by weight: 15g corn, 60g broken rice, 7 parts soybean meal, 20g peanut cake, 20g biological fermentation material, 15g rice bran, 20g fine stone powder, 0.7g calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 3g premix.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] A cage-raising method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period comprises the following steps: raising broilers in cages when they are 115 days old; feeding the broilers with fattening chicken feed in the early, middle and late stages of fattening respectively; the raising temperature is 25 DEG C and the humidity is 55%; and the broilers are released for sale after being raised in cages for 1 to 2 months.

[0034] In the early stage, the feed for fattening chickens aged 115 to 140 days contains 20% by weight of cooked mixed feed, and the average daily feeding amount is 65 to 70 g per chicken;

[0035] In the middle stage, fattening chickens aged 141 to 160 days are fed with fattening chicken feed mixed with 15% by weight of cooked mixed feed, with an average daily feeding amount of 72 to 78 g per chicken;

[0036] In the later stage, fattening chickens aged 161 to 170 days are not given light at night, but only weak light during the day, with a light intensity of 25 lux. The fattening chicken feed is mixed with 8% by weight of cooked mixed feed, and the average daily feeding amount is 80 to 85 g per chicken;

[0037] The mixture includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15g of yellow acacia flower, 22g of wild chrysanthemum, 18g of frangipani, 20g of golden camellia, 28g of honeysuckle and 12g of ivy. The mixture and water are boiled for 25 minutes at a weight ratio of 1:1.2, and palm oil is added after cooling to obtain a cooked mixture, and the cooked mixture and fattening chicken feed are mixed evenly.

[0038] The fattening chicken feed includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of corn, 40 parts of broken rice, 5 parts of soybean meal, 16 parts of peanut cakes, 15 parts of biological fermentation materials, 10 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of fine stone powder, 0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 2 parts of premix.

[0039] Comparative Example 1

[0040] The cage-raising method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period of Example 3 is different in that the daily feeding amount in the early, middle and late stages of fattening is 80 g / chicken.

[0041] Comparative Example 2

[0042] The cage-raising method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period of Example 3 is different in that no mixed feed is added to the fattening chicken feed in the early, middle and late stages of fattening, and the remaining steps such as feeding amount and feeding conditions are the same as those in Example 3.

[0043] Comparative Example 3

[0044] The cage-raising method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period is different from that of Example 3 in that 15% of the mixture is added to the fattening chicken feed in the early, middle and late stages of fattening, and the remaining steps are the same as those of Example 3.

[0045] Comparative Example 4

[0046] The cage-raising method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period is different from that of Example 3 in that 15% of the mixture is added to the fattening chicken feed in the early, middle and late stages of fattening, and the mixture is only 22g of wild chrysanthemum, 20g of golden camellia and 28g of honeysuckle, and the remaining steps are the same as those of Example 3.

[0047] 1. Meat quality determination: According to the cage-raising method of Wenchang chicken in fattening period mentioned above, the feeding methods of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-4 and blank group were divided into 8 experimental groups, and 480 hens after 60 days of fattening were selected, with 3 replicates in each group and 20 hens in each replicate. The blank group was fed with basic feed (15% corn, 10% tomato, 20% rice, 17% corn bran, 21.5% chaff bran, 0.5% salt, 15% peanut cake, 1% lard, and the average daily feed amount for each chicken was 110g). The number of Wenchang chickens slaughtered, initial weight, and slaughter weight were counted respectively, and the abdominal fat rate was determined by slaughtering performance, and the meat color brightness (L*) value and yellowness (b*) value after 60 minutes were determined by colorimeter (CR-410 type). * ) value, the results are as follows:

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] It can be found from the above table that the feeding method of the present invention has better measurement performance than the comparative example and the control group. Indicators such as market weight and slaughter rate are in line with the local standards for Wenchang chicken. The market volume is stable, the market weight and slaughter rate are significantly increased, and the abdominal fat rate of broilers is reduced.

[0051] Comparing the data of the embodiment with that of comparative example 1, the feeding amount in comparative example 1 is large, which not only causes an excessively high abdominal fat rate and wastes feed, but also causes a poor taste. The present invention adopts different feeding amounts at different stages to ensure the number and weight of broilers sold.

[0052] Compared with the data of comparative example 2, no mixture was added to comparative example 2. The yellow sophora japonica flowers in the mixture as feed have a good effect on improving the color of Wenchang chicken meat during the fattening period, and can generally reduce fat precipitation. Wild chrysanthemum has a good effect on improving the skin color of broilers, good palatability, improving the utilization rate of broiler feed, improving immunity, and promoting broiler coloring, and the brightness of the meat color is good. Plumeria improves muscle tenderness. The color of Camellia chrysantha has the effects of reducing fat deposition and improving muscle brightness. The flowers of honeysuckle have anti-inflammatory and immunity-enhancing effects, have a good effect on the lipid metabolism of broilers, can improve the utilization rate of chicken feed, and improve the weight of broilers. The flowers of Ixora dasyphylla have good immunomodulatory and osteoporosis prevention effects. The combined use of various coarse powder flowers makes the chicken of farmed chickens not only take into account the taste but also make the broiler skin have a good color, and the quality of the market is high.

[0053] Comparing the data of the embodiment with that of comparative example 3, the comparative example adopts 15% by weight of mixed feed for feeding during the entire fattening period, and does not carry out staged feeding according to the fattening stage, and the slaughter weight and slaughter quantity are lower than those of the present invention.

[0054] Comparing the data of the embodiment with that of comparative example 4, the comparative example uses a part of the mixed feed for feeding. It can be seen from the test results that the present invention can greatly improve the growth quality of broilers and improve the brightness and yellowness of the meat only when it is combined with yellow sophora japonica flower, wild chrysanthemum, plumeria, golden camellia, honeysuckle and Ixora borealis.

[0055] 2. Meat sensory evaluation: Remove the fat around the breast muscle and rinse it clean, cut it into long strips of the same size and place them in a bowl separately, without adding any seasoning, seal it with plastic wrap, and steam it for 20 minutes. Ten evaluators will score the meat's smell, taste, texture and broth flavor, with 1 point (poor), 2 points (bad), 3 points (medium), 4 points (good), and 5 points (excellent). The specific scoring criteria are as follows:

[0056]

[0057] The sensory evaluation scores are as follows:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] A comprehensive evaluation of the four sensory aspects is related to the meat quality and the content of flavor substances in the meat. Meat flavor is an important indicator for measuring the quality of broilers and affects the eating taste of broilers. The comprehensive scores of the present invention are higher than those of the control group, indicating that the feeding amount and the feeding feed mixture of the present invention can increase the muscle flavor of broilers, and the muscles contain rich nutrients.

[0061] In summary, the present invention provides a cage breeding method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period. By adopting segmented breeding during the fattening period, mixing the mixed material with the fattening chicken feed in a stepped manner, and feeding in stages, other nutrients required for the fattening period of broiler chickens can be supplemented, the digestibility and utilization rate of protein and amino acids can be improved, the energy metabolism of broilers can be improved, and the broilers can be prevented from gaining weight too fast and having poor uniformity during the fattening period, the weight of the broilers can be effectively maintained, the quality of the broilers can be improved, excessive deposition of abdominal fat can be prevented, and the quality of the broilers can be improved.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cage culture method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period, characterized in that: When the broilers are 115 days old, they are raised in cages. In the early, middle and late stages of fattening, the broilers are fed with fattening feeds respectively. They are then raised in cages for 1 to 2 months before being released for sale. In the early stage, the feed for fattening chickens aged 115 to 140 days contains 18 to 25% by weight of cooked mixed feed, and the average daily feeding amount is 65 to 70 g per chicken; In the middle stage, fattening chickens aged 141 to 160 days are fed with fattening chicken feed mixed with 10 to 15% by weight of cooked mixed feed, with an average daily feeding amount of 72 to 78 g per chicken; In the later stage, fattening chickens aged 161 to 170 days are not given light at night, but only weak light during the day, with a light intensity of 23 to 25 lux. The fattening chicken feed is mixed with 5 to 8% by weight of cooked mixed feed, and the average daily feeding amount is 80 to 85 g per chicken. The mixture comprises yellow acacia flower, wild chrysanthemum, frangipani, golden camellia, honeysuckle and ivy flower which are crushed into coarse powder; the mixture and water are boiled for 20 to 30 minutes at a weight ratio of 1:1 to 1.5, palm oil is added after cooling to obtain a cooked mixture, and the cooked mixture is evenly mixed with fattening chicken feed.

2. The cage culture method for Wenchang chicken during fattening period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixture comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of yellow acacia flower, 20-25 parts of wild chrysanthemum, 15-20 parts of plumeria, 18-25 parts of golden camellia, 20-30 parts of honeysuckle and 10-15 parts of ivy.

3. The cage culture method for Wenchang chicken during fattening period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fattening chicken feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of corn, 40-60 parts of broken rice, 3-7 parts of soybean meal, 12-20 parts of peanut cakes, 10-20 parts of biological fermentation material, 8-15 parts of rice bran, 10-20 parts of fine stone powder, 0.3-0.7 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 1-3 parts of premix.

4. A cage culture method for Wenchang chickens during the fattening period according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The fattening chicken feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of corn, 40 parts of broken rice, 5 parts of soybean meal, 16 parts of peanut cakes, 15 parts of biological fermentation material, 10 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of fine stone powder, 0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 2 parts of premix.

5. The cage culture method for Wenchang chicken during fattening period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breeding temperature is 20~26℃ and the humidity is 50~60%.

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