A wave-proof structure and wave-proof method for pontoon-type floating photovoltaic

Abstract

The present invention provides a wave-breaking structure and a wave-breaking method for pontoon-type floating photovoltaics. The wave-breaking structure includes a plurality of wave-breaking structure units, connecting cables and mooring anchoring units; each of the wave-breaking structure units is flexibly connected by the connecting cables to form a row, and is moored and anchored to the wave-facing side of a pontoon-type floating photovoltaic power generation platform by the mooring anchoring units; each of the wave-breaking structure units includes a connecting steel frame, and a first buoy, a second buoy, an arched wave-breaking surface and an arc-shaped wave-breaking surface assembled on the connecting steel frame. The present invention provides a wave-breaking structure and a wave-breaking method for pontoon-type floating photovoltaics. The wave-breaking structure is a wave-breaking structure with strong wind and wave resistance and significant wave-breaking effect, and can realize the safe application of pontoon-type floating photovoltaic power generation structures in offshore development environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a wave-proof structure, and in particular to a wave-proof structure and a wave-proof method applied to a pontoon-type floating photovoltaic system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, photovoltaic power generation has developed rapidly as a green, clean and renewable energy source. Since centralized photovoltaic power generation on land occupies a large area of ​​land, in order to solve the large-scale land use problem of photovoltaic power development, water photovoltaic power generation has been proposed and developed rapidly. Water photovoltaic power generation has the advantages of not occupying land resources, high power generation efficiency, and great potential for multi-format three-dimensional integration development. In addition, most water photovoltaic projects are close to the power load center, which is convenient for the nearby consumption and utilization of electricity. However, the overall volume of inland waters suitable for the development of water photovoltaics is relatively small, so water photovoltaic power generation has gradually moved from inland water development to open sea development.

[0003] The water depth in open seas is generally deep, and floating photovoltaic power generation platform structures are required, among which pontoon-type floating photovoltaic structures are the most widely used floating form. Compared with inland waters, due to the greater wind and wave loads and tidal differences in the marine hydrological environment, the load conditions faced by offshore pontoon-type floating photovoltaic structures are more complex and severe than inland waters. How to protect pontoon-type floating photovoltaic structures, reduce wave loads, protect the safety of pontoon-type floating photovoltaic structures, and make them suitable for the needs of safe development at sea is a difficult problem that needs to be solved at present. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a wave-breaking structure and a wave-breaking method applied to a pontoon-type floating photovoltaic system, which can effectively solve the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a wave-breaking structure applied to a pontoon-type floating photovoltaic system, comprising a plurality of wave-breaking structure units (100), a connecting rope (200) and a mooring anchor unit (300);

[0007] The wave-proof structural units (100) are flexibly connected to form a row via the connecting ropes (200), and are moored and anchored to the wave-facing side of the pontoon-type floating photovoltaic power generation platform via the mooring and anchoring units (300);

[0008] Each of the wave-breaking structural units (100) comprises a connecting steel frame (101), and a first buoy (102), a second buoy (103), an arched wave-breaking surface (104) and a curved wave-breaking surface (105) mounted on the connecting steel frame (101); the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) are arranged in parallel, the first buoy (102) is located on the wave-facing side, and the second buoy (103) is located on the wave-receiving side; the arched wave-breaking surface (104) is arranged between the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103); the curved wave-breaking surface (105) is arranged above the arched wave-breaking surface (104); and a wave guide (K) is provided between the bottom edge of the curved wave-breaking surface (105) on the wave-facing side and the first buoy (102).

[0009] Preferably, the distance between the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) is greater than the overall height of the wave-breaking structural unit (100);

[0010] The buoy diameters of the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) are both D; the overall draft of the wave-breaking structural unit (100) is controlled to be 65% to 85% of the buoy diameter D; the vertical distance h1 from the arch of the arched wave-breaking surface (104) to the sea level is 0.9 to 1.5D, and the vertical distance h1 is less than the significant wave height of the sea waves.

[0011] Preferably, a tangent line at a connection point between the arched wave-breaking surface (104) and the first buoy (102) forms an angle of 45° with a horizontal plane; and a tangent line at a connection point between the arched wave-breaking surface (104) and the second buoy (103) forms an angle of 45° with a horizontal plane.

[0012] Preferably, the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface (105) is a curved wave-breaking surface that gradually rises from a first end point (S1) located at the lowest point on the wave-facing side along the curved surface to a highest point (S2), and then gently descends from the highest point (S2) to a second end point (S3);

[0013] Among them: the vertical distance h2 from the highest point (S2) to the sea level is between the significant wave height and the maximum wave height;

[0014] In the vertical direction, the first endpoint (S1) located at the lowest point on the wave-facing side is higher than the arch of the arched wave-breaking surface (104); in the horizontal direction, the projection point of the first endpoint (S1) located at the lowest point on the wave-facing side is located in the wave-facing surface of the arched wave-breaking surface (104) on the wave-facing side.

[0015] Preferably, the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface (105) is formed by splicing a plurality of bamboo strips (1051) along an arc direction; and a slit (1052) is provided on the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface (105) at a position close to the highest point (S2) and located on the wave-facing side.

[0016] Preferably, the connecting rope (200) comprises a first connecting rope (201) and a second connecting rope (202);

[0017] A first through hole (1021) is provided in the center of the first buoy (102) along the axial direction; the first buoys (102) of the wave-proof structural units (100) are connected in series via first connecting cables (201) passing through the first through holes (1021);

[0018] A second through hole (1031) is axially provided at the center of the second buoy (103); the second buoys (103) of the respective wave-breaking structural units (100) are connected in series via second connecting cables (202) passing through the respective second through holes (1031).

[0019] Preferably, both ends of the first buoy (102) of each of the wave-breaking structure units (100), and both ends of the second buoy (103), are provided with anti-collision plates (106) for preventing collision between adjacent wave-breaking structure units (100).

[0020] Preferably, the mooring anchoring unit (300) comprises a mooring cable (301) and an anchor block (302);

[0021] Both ends of the first buoy (102) of each wave-proof structural unit (100), and both ends of the second buoy (103), are connected to a mooring cable (301), and the other end of the mooring cable (301) is connected to the anchor block (302).

[0022] Preferably, a connecting steel frame (101) is provided on each left and right side of each wave-proof structural unit (100); the connecting steel frame (101) on each side comprises a first buoy flange (1011), a second buoy flange (1012), a transverse connecting rod (1013), an arc-shaped connecting rod (1014) and an oblique connecting rod (1015);

[0023] The first buoy flange (1011) and the second buoy flange (1012) are connected via the transverse connecting rod (1013); one end of the arc-shaped connecting rod (1014) is connected to the first buoy flange (1011), one end of the oblique connecting rod (1015) is connected to the second buoy flange (1012), and the other end of the arc-shaped connecting rod (1014) is connected to the other end of the oblique connecting rod (1015), so that the first buoy flange (1011), the transverse connecting rod (1013), the second buoy flange (1012), the oblique connecting rod (1015) and the arc-shaped connecting rod (1014) are connected to form an integral triangular structure;

[0024] The first buoy flange (1011) is used to be fixed to a flange fixed at one end of the first buoy (102) by bolt connection;

[0025] The second buoy flange (1012) is used to be fixed to a flange fixed at one end of the second buoy (103) by bolt connection;

[0026] The middle and upper part of the arc-shaped connecting rod (1014) is used for fixing and installing the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface (105) by means of bolts;

[0027] The first buoy flange (1011) and the second buoy flange (1012) are both provided with a mooring cable through hole (1016) and a photovoltaic platform buoy mooring hole (1017); the mooring cable through hole (1016) is used to be connected to one end of a mooring cable; the photovoltaic platform buoy mooring hole (1017) is used to be connected to one end of a photovoltaic platform buoy mooring cable.

[0028] The present invention also provides a wave-proof method for a wave-proof structure applied to a pontoon-type floating photovoltaic system, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Step S1, arranging a wave-proof structure having a width greater than or equal to the width of the protected pontoon-type floating photovoltaic structure on each wave-facing side of the offshore pontoon-type floating photovoltaic structure; the wave-proof structure is composed of a plurality of wave-proof structure units (100) flexibly connected by connecting ropes (200) to form a row, and moored and anchored by mooring anchoring units (300), and at the same time, the wave-proof structure units (100) are flexibly connected to the protected pontoon;

[0030] Step S2: for each wave-proof structural unit (100), the wave-proof method is:

[0031] The first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) provide buoyancy for the entire structure, the buoy diameter D is determined according to the weight of the wave-breaking structure unit (100) and the wave conditions in the sea area, and the overall draft of the wave-breaking structure unit (100) is controlled to be 65% to 85% of the buoy diameter D;

[0032] Since there is a wave guide opening (K) between the bottom edge of the wave-facing side of the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface (105) and the first buoy (102), the wave upwelling flows through the arched wave-breaking surface (104) through the wave guide opening (K), and the arched wave-breaking surface (104) reflects the waves and generates turbulent energy consumption on the arched wave-breaking surface (104). After the waves flow through the arched wave-breaking surface (104), they mix and impact with the wave components passing under the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) at the rear of the second buoy (103) located on the wave-receiving side, thereby further generating a wave-breaking effect. In addition, the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) themselves also reflect and eliminate waves, thereby eliminating waves through a triple effect. At the same time, the waves flow through the curved wave-breaking surface (105). Since the curved wave-breaking surface (105) is provided with a slit (1052), the slit (1052) can reduce the impact of waves on the curved wave-breaking surface (105). At the same time, water at the slit (1052) falls onto the arched wave-eliminating surface (104), thereby enhancing the turbulence intensity of the water body on the curved wave-breaking surface (105) and the arched wave-eliminating surface (104), thereby increasing the wave-eliminating effect.

[0033] The wave-proof structure and wave-proof method for pontoon-type floating photovoltaic provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0034] The present invention provides a wave-breaking structure and a wave-breaking method for pontoon-type floating photovoltaic power generation. The wave-breaking structure has strong wind and wave resistance and significant wave-breaking effect, and can realize the safe application of pontoon-type floating photovoltaic power generation structure in offshore development environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wave-breaking structure applied to a pontoon-type floating photovoltaic system provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a wave-proof structural unit provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting steel frame provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0039] In order to solve the relevant problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims at the wave-breaking needs of pontoon-type floating photovoltaic power generation structures in offshore environments, and provides a wave-breaking structure and a wave-breaking method applied to pontoon-type floating photovoltaics. The wave-breaking structure has strong wind and wave resistance and significant wave-breaking effect, and can realize the safe application of pontoon-type floating photovoltaic power generation structures in offshore development environments.

[0040] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a wave-breaking structure for pontoon-type floating photovoltaics, comprising a plurality of wave-breaking structure units 100, a connecting cable 200 and a mooring anchor unit 300;

[0041] Each of the wave-proof structural units 100 is flexibly connected to form a row through the connecting ropes 200, and is moored and anchored on the wave-facing side of the pontoon-type floating photovoltaic power generation platform through the mooring and anchoring units 300;

[0042] See also Figure 2 Each of the wave-breaking structural units 100 includes a connecting steel frame 101, and a first pontoon 102, a second pontoon 103, an arched wave-breaking surface 104 and a curved wave-breaking surface 105 assembled on the connecting steel frame 101; the first pontoon 102 and the second pontoon 103 are arranged in parallel, the first pontoon 102 is located on the wave-facing side, and the second pontoon 103 is located on the wave-receiving side; the arched wave-breaking surface 104 is arranged between the first pontoon 102 and the second pontoon 103; the curved wave-breaking surface 105 is arranged above the arched wave-breaking surface 104; and a wave guide K is provided between the bottom edge of the wave-facing side of the curved wave-breaking surface 105 and the first pontoon 102.

[0043] As a preferred structural design, the first buoy 102, the second buoy 103, the arched wave-breaking surface 104 and the curved wave-breaking surface 105 may be designed in the following manner:

[0044] The distance between the first buoy 102 and the second buoy 103 is greater than the overall height of the wave-proof structural unit 100, so that it has better stability;

[0045] The buoy diameters of the first buoy 102 and the second buoy 103 are both D, and the buoy diameter D is determined according to the unit's own weight and the sea wave conditions, and the overall draft of the wave-breaking structure unit 100 is controlled to be 65% to 85% of the buoy diameter D;

[0046] The vertical distance h1 from the arch top of the arched wave-breaking surface 104 to the sea level is substantially the same as the diameter D of the buoy. The vertical distance h1 from the arch top of the arched wave-breaking surface 104 to the sea level can be set according to actual wave breaking and structural requirements. Preferably, the vertical distance h1 is 0.9 to 1.5D, and the vertical distance h1 is smaller than the significant wave height of the sea waves.

[0047] The tangent line at the connection between the arched wave-breaking surface 104 and the first buoy 102 is at an angle of 45° to the horizontal plane; the tangent line at the connection between the arched wave-breaking surface 104 and the second buoy 103 is at an angle of 45° to the horizontal plane.

[0048] The arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105 is a curved wave-breaking surface that gradually rises from a first end point S1 located at the lowest point on the wave-facing side along the curved surface to a highest point S2, and then gently descends from the highest point S2 to a second end point S3;

[0049] Wherein: the vertical distance h2 from the highest point S2 of the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105 to the sea level should be determined according to the sea conditions and protection requirements of the sea area, and is preferably located between the significant wave height and the maximum wave height;

[0050] In the vertical direction, the first endpoint S1 located at the lowest point on the wave-facing side is slightly higher than the arch of the arched wave-breaking surface 104, so that waves can flow up the arched wave-breaking surface 104 without being completely blocked by the curved wave-breaking surface 105; in the horizontal direction, the projection point of the first endpoint S1 located at the lowest point on the wave-facing side is located in the wave-facing surface of the arched wave-breaking surface 104 on the wave-facing side.

[0051] Furthermore, the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105 is formed by closely splicing a plurality of bamboo strips 1051 along the arc direction; and a slit 1052 is provided at a position close to the highest point S2 and located on the wave-facing side of the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105. By providing the slit 1052 in the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105, the slit 1052 can reduce the impact of waves on the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105, and at the same time, water falls from the slit 1052 to the arched wave-breaking surface 104, thereby enhancing the turbulence intensity of the water body on the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105 and the arched wave-breaking surface 104, and increasing the wave-breaking effect.

[0052] The connecting rope 200 includes a first connecting rope 201 and a second connecting rope 202;

[0053] A first through hole 1021 is axially formed at the center of the first buoy 102; the first buoys 102 of the wave-proof structural units 100 are connected in series via first connecting ropes 201 passing through the first through holes 1021;

[0054] A second through hole 1031 is axially formed at the center of the second buoy 103 ; the second buoys 103 of each of the wave-breaking structural units 100 are serially connected via a second connecting rope 202 passing through each of the second through holes 1031 .

[0055] Both ends of the first buoy 102 of each wave-proof structure unit 100 and both ends of the second buoy 103 are provided with anti-collision plates 106 to prevent collision between adjacent wave-proof structure units 100. The anti-collision plates 106 may be circular anti-collision plates made of rubber.

[0056] The mooring anchoring unit 300 includes a mooring line 301 and an anchor block 302;

[0057] Both ends of the first buoy 102 and the second buoy 103 of each wave-proof structural unit 100 are connected with a mooring cable 301, and the other end of the mooring cable 301 is connected to the anchor block 302. The mooring cable 301 adopts a polymer fiber cable to provide mooring force, and is specifically connected to the mooring cable through hole 1016 of the buoy connection steel frame 101. The anchor block 302 is a concrete gravity anchor block.

[0058] See also Figure 3 , a connecting steel frame 101 is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of each of the wave-proof structural units 100; the connecting steel frame 101 on each side includes a first buoy flange 1011, a second buoy flange 1012, a transverse connecting rod 1013, an arc-shaped connecting rod 1014 and an oblique connecting rod 1015;

[0059] The first buoy flange 1011 and the second buoy flange 1012 are connected via the transverse connecting rod 1013; one end of the arc-shaped connecting rod 1014 is connected to the first buoy flange 1011, one end of the oblique connecting rod 1015 is connected to the second buoy flange 1012, and the other end of the arc-shaped connecting rod 1014 is connected to the other end of the oblique connecting rod 1015, so that the first buoy flange 1011, the transverse connecting rod 1013, the second buoy flange 1012, the oblique connecting rod 1015 and the arc-shaped connecting rod 1014 are connected to form an integral triangular structure;

[0060] The first buoy flange 1011 is used to be fixed to a flange fixed to one end of the first buoy 102 by bolt connection;

[0061] The second buoy flange 1012 is used to be fixed to a flange fixed to one end of the second buoy 103 by bolt connection;

[0062] The middle and upper part of the arc-shaped connecting rod 1014 is used to fix and install the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105 by bolts;

[0063] The first buoy flange 1011 and the second buoy flange 1012 are both provided with a mooring cable through hole 1016 and a photovoltaic platform pontoon mooring hole 1017; the mooring cable through hole 1016 is used to connect to one end of the mooring cable; the photovoltaic platform pontoon mooring hole 1017 is used to connect to one end of the photovoltaic platform pontoon mooring cable.

[0064] As an embodiment, the connecting steel frame 101 is a plane steel frame structure approximately in the shape of a triangle formed by welding two buoys and three sections of square steel pipes. The connecting steel frame 101 is subjected to anti-corrosion treatment. The two short-side steel pipes of the triangle are straight steel pipes, and the long side is an arc-shaped steel pipe. One section of the short-side straight steel pipe is connected to the flanges at corresponding positions on the two buoys, thereby connecting the double buoys as a whole. The other section of the straight steel pipe is connected to the arc-shaped steel pipe and is respectively connected to the two flanges to form a triangular structure. The arc-shaped steel pipe is used to fix the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105; the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105 is spliced ​​by bamboo pieces and fixed to the arc-shaped steel pipe of the connecting steel frame by bolts; the arched wave-breaking surface 104 is an arched plate structure, which is also made of high-density polyethylene material, located between the two short-side straight steel pipes, and connected to the double buoys;

[0065] In the present invention, a double buoy structure is adopted. The double buoy is two hollow cylindrical buoys made of high-density polyethylene placed parallel to each other in front and back to provide buoyancy for the entire structure. An integrally formed flange is provided at each end of the outer surface of the buoy, which can be connected to the connecting steel frame 101 by bolts. The inner side of the buoy is a central through circular hole parallel to the cylindrical busbar, which can allow the connecting cable 200 to pass through.

[0066] The present invention also provides a wave-proofing method for a wave-proofing structure applied to a pontoon-type floating photovoltaic system, comprising the following steps:

[0067] Step S1, on each wave-facing side of the offshore pontoon-type floating photovoltaic structure, a wave-breaking structure having a width greater than or equal to the width of the protected pontoon-type floating photovoltaic structure is arranged; the wave-breaking structure is formed by a plurality of wave-breaking structure units 100 flexibly connected by connecting cables 200 to form a row, and moored and anchored by mooring anchoring units 300, and at the same time, the wave-breaking structure units 100 are flexibly connected to the protected pontoon;

[0068] Step S2: for each wave-proof structural unit 100, the wave-proof method is:

[0069] The first buoy 102 and the second buoy 103 provide buoyancy for the whole structure. The diameter D of the buoy is determined according to the weight of the wave-breaking structure unit 100 and the wave conditions in the sea area. The draft of the whole wave-breaking structure unit 100 is controlled to be 65% to 85% of the diameter D of the buoy.

[0070] Since there is a wave guide opening K between the bottom edge of the wave-facing side of the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface 105 and the first buoy 102, the wave upwelling flows through the arched wave-breaking surface 104 through the wave guide opening K, and the arched wave-breaking surface 104 reflects the waves and generates turbulent energy consumption on the arched wave-breaking surface 104. After the waves flow through the arched wave-breaking surface 104, they are mixed and impacted with the wave components passing under the first buoy 102 and the second buoy 103 behind the second buoy 103 on the wave-receiving side, further generating a wave-breaking effect. In addition, the first buoy 102 and the second buoy 103 themselves also reflect and eliminate waves, and eliminate waves through a triple effect. At the same time, the waves flow through the curved wave-breaking surface 105. Since the curved wave-breaking surface 105 is provided with a gap 1052, the gap 1052 can reduce the impact of waves on the curved wave-breaking surface 105. At the same time, water falls from the gap 1052 to the arched wave-breaking surface 104, thereby enhancing the turbulence intensity of the water body on the curved wave-breaking surface 105 and the arched wave-breaking surface 104, thereby increasing the wave elimination effect.

[0071] The present invention provides a wave-proof structure for pontoon-type floating photovoltaics, and its construction method is as follows:

[0072] (1) One end of the mooring cable 301 is connected to the anchor block 302, and the other end is tied to a buoy, and multiple mooring cables 301 tied to the anchor blocks 302 are thrown at a designated sea area;

[0073] (2) The wave-proof structural units 100 are prefabricated on shore and transported to the installation site by a flat barge, and the wave-proof structural units 100 are connected into a whole row of wave-proof structures on board;

[0074] (3) The wave-breaking structure is hoisted to the designated sea area and connected to the mooring unit in place.

[0075] The present invention provides a wave-proof structure and a wave-proof method for pontoon-type floating photovoltaic, which have the following advantages:

[0076] (1) The wave-breaking structure used in pontoon-type floating photovoltaics is a structural type in which multiple wave-breaking structural units are spliced ​​together. The wave-breaking structural units are connected by connecting cables, which makes the overall structure more flexible and allows large deformation, thereby reducing structural stress and improving structural safety.

[0077] (2) The double buoy plus arched wave-breaking surface structure has a good effect on reducing the energy of medium and long waves when the wave force it is subjected to is relatively small.

[0078] (3) The curved wave-breaking surface can prevent waves from overtopping the pontoon photovoltaic structure. The use of bamboo strips can greatly reduce the production cost and is easy to replace.

[0079] (4) It provides a reliable mooring point for the floating box offshore photovoltaic structure, avoiding the problem of local strength damage at the mooring point.

[0080] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wave-breaking structure for floating photovoltaic pontoon, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of wave-proof structural units (100), connecting cables (200) and mooring anchoring units (300); The wave-proof structural units (100) are flexibly connected to form a row via the connecting ropes (200), and are moored and anchored to the wave-facing side of the pontoon-type floating photovoltaic power generation platform via the mooring and anchoring units (300); Each of the wave-breaking structural units (100) comprises a connecting steel frame (101), and a first buoy (102), a second buoy (103), an arched wave-breaking surface (104) and a curved wave-breaking surface (105) mounted on the connecting steel frame (101); the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) are arranged in parallel, the first buoy (102) is located on the wave-facing side, and the second buoy (103) is located on the wave-receiving side; the arched wave-breaking surface (104) is arranged between the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103); the curved wave-breaking surface (105) is arranged above the arched wave-breaking surface (104); and a wave guide (K) is provided between the bottom edge of the curved wave-breaking surface (105) on the wave-facing side and the first buoy (102).

2. The wave-breaking structure for floating photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance between the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) is greater than the overall height of the wave-breaking structural unit (100); The buoy diameters of the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) are both D; the overall draft of the wave-breaking structural unit (100) is controlled to be 65% to 85% of the buoy diameter D; the vertical distance h1 from the arch of the arched wave-breaking surface (104) to the sea level is 0.9 to 1.5D, and the vertical distance h1 is less than the significant wave height of the sea waves.

3. The wave-proof structure for floating photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tangent line at the connection point between the arched wave-breaking surface (104) and the first buoy (102) has an angle of 45° with the horizontal plane; the tangent line at the connection point between the arched wave-breaking surface (104) and the second buoy (103) has an angle of 45° with the horizontal plane.

4. The wave-proof structure for floating photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped wave-breaking surface (105) is a curved wave-breaking surface that gradually rises from a first end point (S1) located at the lowest point on the wave-facing side along the curved surface to a highest point (S2), and then gently descends from the highest point (S2) to a second end point (S3); Among them: the vertical distance h2 from the highest point (S2) to the sea level is between the significant wave height and the maximum wave height; In the vertical direction, the first endpoint (S1) located at the lowest point on the wave-facing side is higher than the arch of the arched wave-breaking surface (104); in the horizontal direction, the projection point of the first endpoint (S1) located at the lowest point on the wave-facing side is located in the wave-facing surface of the arched wave-breaking surface (104) on the wave-facing side.

5. The wave-proof structure for floating photovoltaic power generation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The arc-shaped wave-breaking surface (105) is formed by splicing a plurality of bamboo strips (1051) along an arc direction; and a slit (1052) is provided on the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface (105) at a position close to the highest point (S2) and located on the wave-facing side.

6. The wave-proof structure for floating photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rope (200) comprises a first connecting rope (201) and a second connecting rope (202); A first through hole (1021) is provided in the center of the first buoy (102) along the axial direction; the first buoys (102) of the wave-proof structural units (100) are connected in series via first connecting cables (201) passing through the first through holes (1021); A second through hole (1031) is axially provided at the center of the second buoy (103); the second buoys (103) of the respective wave-breaking structural units (100) are connected in series via second connecting cables (202) passing through the respective second through holes (1031).

7. The wave-proof structure for floating photovoltaic power generation according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the first buoy (102) of each of the wave-breaking structural units (100), and both ends of the second buoy (103), are provided with anti-collision plates (106) for preventing collision between adjacent wave-breaking structural units (100).

8. The wave-proof structure for floating photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mooring anchoring unit (300) comprises a mooring cable (301) and an anchor block (302); Both ends of the first buoy (102) of each wave-proof structural unit (100), and both ends of the second buoy (103), are connected to a mooring cable (301), and the other end of the mooring cable (301) is connected to the anchor block (302).

9. The wave-proof structure for floating photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting steel frame (101) is provided on the left and right sides of each wave-proof structural unit (100); the connecting steel frame (101) on each side comprises a first buoy flange (1011), a second buoy flange (1012), a transverse connecting rod (1013), an arc-shaped connecting rod (1014), and an oblique connecting rod (1015); The first buoy flange (1011) and the second buoy flange (1012) are connected via the transverse connecting rod (1013); one end of the arc-shaped connecting rod (1014) is connected to the first buoy flange (1011), one end of the oblique connecting rod (1015) is connected to the second buoy flange (1012), and the other end of the arc-shaped connecting rod (1014) is connected to the other end of the oblique connecting rod (1015), so that the first buoy flange (1011), the transverse connecting rod (1013), the second buoy flange (1012), the oblique connecting rod (1015) and the arc-shaped connecting rod (1014) are connected to form an integral triangular structure; The first buoy flange (1011) is used to be connected and fixed to a flange fixed at one end of the first buoy (102) by bolts; The second buoy flange (1012) is used to be fixed to a flange fixed at one end of the second buoy (103) by bolt connection; The middle and upper part of the arc-shaped connecting rod (1014) is used for fixing and installing the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface (105) by means of bolts; The first buoy flange (1011) and the second buoy flange (1012) are both provided with a mooring cable through hole (1016) and a photovoltaic platform buoy mooring hole (1017); the mooring cable through hole (1016) is used to be connected to one end of a mooring cable; the photovoltaic platform buoy mooring hole (1017) is used to be connected to one end of a photovoltaic platform buoy mooring cable.

10. A wave-proofing method for a wave-proofing structure applied to a pontoon-type floating photovoltaic system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, arranging a wave-proof structure having a width greater than or equal to the width of the protected pontoon-type floating photovoltaic structure on each wave-facing side of the offshore pontoon-type floating photovoltaic structure; the wave-proof structure is composed of a plurality of wave-proof structure units (100) flexibly connected by connecting ropes (200) to form a row, and moored and anchored by mooring anchoring units (300), and at the same time, the wave-proof structure units (100) are flexibly connected to the protected pontoon; Step S2: for each wave-proof structural unit (100), the wave-proof method is: The first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) provide buoyancy for the entire structure, the buoy diameter D is determined according to the weight of the wave-breaking structure unit (100) and the wave conditions in the sea area, and the overall draft of the wave-breaking structure unit (100) is controlled to be 65% to 85% of the buoy diameter D; Since there is a wave guide opening (K) between the bottom edge of the wave-facing side of the arc-shaped wave-breaking surface (105) and the first buoy (102), the wave upwelling flows through the arched wave-breaking surface (104) through the wave guide opening (K), and the arched wave-breaking surface (104) reflects the waves and generates turbulent energy consumption on the arched wave-breaking surface (104). After the waves flow through the arched wave-breaking surface (104), they mix and impact with the wave components passing under the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) at the rear of the second buoy (103) located on the wave-receiving side, thereby further generating a wave-breaking effect. In addition, the first buoy (102) and the second buoy (103) themselves also reflect and eliminate waves, thereby eliminating waves through a triple effect. At the same time, the waves flow through the curved wave-breaking surface (105). Since the curved wave-breaking surface (105) is provided with a slit (1052), the slit (1052) can reduce the impact of waves on the curved wave-breaking surface (105). At the same time, water at the slit (1052) falls onto the arched wave-eliminating surface (104), thereby enhancing the turbulence intensity of the water body on the curved wave-breaking surface (105) and the arched wave-eliminating surface (104), thereby increasing the wave-eliminating effect.

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