Preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy profile

Abstract

The invention relates to a method comprising the following steps; the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, proportioning raw materials: 99.10 to 99.53 percent by weight of Al, 0.2 to 0.5 percent by weight of Fe, 0.25 to 0.32 percent by weight of Si, 0.01 to 0.05 percent by weight of Cu, 0.008 to 0.012 percent by weight of Zr, 0.005 to 0.008 percent by weight of B, 0.005 to 0.008 percent by weight of RE and 0.001 to 0.003 percent by weight of Ti; wherein RE is selected from at least one of La, Ce, Pr, Ho and Lu; s2, the mixed raw materials obtained in the step S1 are smelted, and alloy liquid is obtained; s3, homogenizing treatment is conducted, specifically, the cast bar is subjected to homogenizing treatment; s4, the homogenized aluminum alloy material is extruded; s5, cooling treatment is conducted on the profile obtained after extrusion forming; and S6, solution treatment is conducted on the aluminum alloy material. The method solves the problem that the mechanical property and the service life of the material are influenced because the traditional homogenizing process and the extrusion process cannot effectively control the grain growth of the aluminum alloy material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal material processing, and in particular to a preparation process of a high-strength aluminum alloy profile. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy is a light metal material made of aluminum as the base material and by adding other alloying elements. It has the characteristics of low density, good mechanical properties, good processing performance, non-toxicity, easy recycling, excellent electrical conductivity, heat transfer and corrosion resistance. The strength of aluminum alloy can be adjusted by adding different alloying elements. Common alloying elements include copper, magnesium, zinc and silicon. Aluminum alloy has a wide range of applications in industry, especially in aviation, aerospace, automobile, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding and chemical industries. For example, aluminum alloy is the main material for manufacturing aircraft. Because of its low density, high strength and corrosion resistance, it has become an ideal material for aircraft manufacturing. In addition, aluminum alloy is also used to manufacture structural components of automobiles, ships and other means of transportation.

[0003] Traditional homogenization and extrusion processes are difficult to effectively control the grain growth inside aluminum alloy profiles, which will affect the mechanical properties and service life of the material. Secondly, the traditional post-forging solution quenching process and aging process also have problems. For example, improper control of the time and temperature of solution treatment and quenching may cause the generation of internal stress in the material, thereby affecting the mechanical properties.

[0004] It is desired to provide a process for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy profile that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation process for high-strength aluminum alloy profiles, which solves the problem that traditional homogenization process and extrusion process cannot effectively control the grain growth of aluminum alloy materials, thereby affecting the mechanical properties and service life of the materials.

[0006] A preparation process of a high-strength aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps: S1, raw material ratio, Al: 99.10~99.53wt%, Fe: 0.2~0.5wt%, Si: 0.25~0.32wt%, Cu: 0.01~0.05wt%, Zr: 0.008~0.012wt%, B: 0.005~0.008wt%, RE: 0.005~0.008wt%, Ti: 0.001~0.003wt%; wherein RE is selected from at least one of La, Ce, Pr, Ho, and Lu; S2, smelting the mixed raw material obtained in step S1 to obtain a molten alloy; S3, homogenization treatment, homogenization treatment of the cast bars; S4, extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy material; S5. Cooling the extruded profile: S6. performing solid solution treatment on the aluminum alloy material.

[0007] Preferably, in step S2, the aluminum alloy liquid is passed through a degassing box and a filter plate in sequence for degassing and filtering to obtain a high-purity aluminum alloy liquid.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the smelting process adopts the following method: by accurately controlling the cooling rate of the casting, the ingot cooling rate is 20K / S to 115K / S, and the diameter of the cast rod is controlled in the range of 100mm to 200mm. Preferably, in step S3, the cast bar is subjected to three-stage homogenization treatment, and the specific parameters are as follows: the first-stage homogenization temperature is 260°C to 330°C, and the first-stage homogenization holding time is 3h to 9h; The secondary homogenization temperature is 490℃~550℃, and the secondary homogenization holding time is 6h~13h; The third-stage homogenization temperature is 560℃~585℃, and the third-stage homogenization insulation time is 4h~10h; After homogenization, the aluminum bar needs to be rapidly cooled at a cooling rate ≥ 320℃ / h.

[0009] Preferably, in step S4, the extrusion ratio is controlled at 15-40, the extrusion rod temperature is controlled at 450°C-500°C, the extrusion speed is 7m / min-15m / min, water cooling is used after extrusion, and the surface temperature of the profile after quenching is lower than 100°C.

[0010] Preferably, the specific steps of the solution treatment are: the primary solution temperature is 450°C to 500°C, and the primary solution holding time is 1.5h to 2.5h; The secondary solution temperature is 570℃~590℃, and the secondary solution holding time is 0.4h~1.7h; The heating time from the primary solution temperature to the secondary solution temperature is controlled within 0.5h; water cooling and quenching are carried out after the solution is completed.

[0011] The preparation process of a high-strength aluminum alloy profile of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: (1) It solves the problem that the traditional homogenization process and extrusion process cannot effectively control the grain growth of aluminum alloy materials, thus affecting the mechanical properties and service life of the materials, and solves the problems existing in the traditional post-forging solution quenching process and aging process; (2) The ingredients are controllable and uniform, and the preparation process is simple, low-cost, and easy to promote on a large scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0013] Example 1 A preparation process of a high-strength aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps: S1, raw material ratio, Al: 99.523wt%, Fe: 0.2wt%, Si: 0.25wt%, Cu: 0.01wt%, Zr: 0.009wt%, B: 0.006wt%, RE: 0.006wt%, Ti: 0.001-0.003wt%; wherein RE is selected from La; S2, smelting the mixed raw material obtained in step S1 to obtain a molten alloy; S3, homogenization treatment, homogenization treatment of the cast bars; S4, extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy material; S5. Cooling the extruded profile: S6. performing a solid solution treatment on the aluminum alloy material.

[0014] Wherein, in step S2, the aluminum alloy liquid is passed through a degassing box and a filter plate in sequence for degassing and filtering to obtain a high-purity aluminum alloy liquid.

[0015] Wherein, in step S2, the smelting process adopts the following method: by accurately controlling the cooling rate of the casting, the ingot cooling rate is 20K / S, and the diameter control range of the cast rod is 100mm.

[0016] Among them, in step S3, the cast bar is subjected to three-stage homogenization treatment, and the specific parameters are as follows: the first-stage homogenization temperature is 260°C, and the first-stage homogenization holding time is 4h; The secondary homogenization temperature is 490°C and the secondary homogenization holding time is 6h; The third-stage homogenization temperature is 560°C, and the third-stage homogenization holding time is 4h; After homogenization, the aluminum bar needs to be rapidly cooled at a cooling rate ≥ 320℃ / h.

[0017] Among them, in step S4, the extrusion ratio is controlled at 20, the temperature of the extruded rod is controlled at 450°C~500°C, the extrusion speed is 9m / min, water cooling is used after extrusion, and the surface temperature of the profile after quenching is lower than 100°C.

[0018] Example 2 A preparation process of a high-strength aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps: S1, raw material ratio, Al: 99.285wt%, Fe: 0.4wt%, Si: 0.25wt%, Cu: 0.04wt%, Zr: 0.009wt%, B: 0.006wt%, RE: 0.007wt%, Ti: 0.003wt%; wherein RE is selected from Ho; S2, smelting the mixed raw material obtained in step S1 to obtain a molten alloy; S3, homogenization treatment, homogenization treatment of the cast bars; S4, extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy material; S5. Cooling the extruded profile: S6. performing solid solution treatment on the aluminum alloy material.

[0019] Wherein, in step S2, the aluminum alloy liquid is passed through a degassing box and a filter plate in sequence for degassing and filtering to obtain a high-purity aluminum alloy liquid.

[0020] Among them, in step S2, the smelting process adopts the following method: by accurately controlling the cooling rate of the casting, the ingot cooling rate is 35K / S, and the diameter of the cast rod is controlled within a range of 120mm. Among them, in step S3, the cast bar is subjected to three-stage homogenization treatment, and the specific parameters are as follows: the first-stage homogenization temperature is 280°C, and the first-stage homogenization holding time is 4h; The secondary homogenization temperature is 510°C and the secondary homogenization holding time is 7h; The third-stage homogenization temperature is 570°C, and the third-stage homogenization holding time is 5h; After homogenization, the aluminum bar needs to be rapidly cooled at a cooling rate ≥ 320℃ / h.

[0021] Wherein, in step S4, the extrusion ratio is controlled at 25, the extrusion rod temperature is controlled at 470°C, the extrusion speed is 10m / min, water cooling is used after extrusion, and the surface temperature of the profile after quenching is lower than 100°C.

[0022] The specific steps of the solution treatment are as follows: the first-stage solution temperature is 460°C, and the first-stage solution holding time is 1.5h; The secondary solution temperature is 570°C and the secondary solution holding time is 0.9h; The heating time from the primary solution temperature to the secondary solution temperature is controlled within 0.5h; water cooling and quenching are carried out after the solution is completed.

[0023] Example 3 A preparation process of a high-strength aluminum alloy profile, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1. Raw material ratio: Al: 99.463wt%, Fe: 0.2wt%, Si: 0.27wt%, Cu: 0.04wt%, Zr: 0.011wt%, B: 0.006wt%, RE: 0.007wt%, Ti: 0.003wt%; wherein RE is selected from Ce; S2, smelting the mixed raw material obtained in step S1 to obtain a molten alloy; S3, homogenization treatment, homogenization treatment of the cast bars; S4, extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy material; S5. Cooling the extruded profile: S6. performing solid solution treatment on the aluminum alloy material.

[0024] Wherein, in step S2, the aluminum alloy liquid is passed through a degassing box and a filter plate in sequence for degassing and filtering to obtain a high-purity aluminum alloy liquid.

[0025] Among them, in step S2, the smelting process adopts the following method: by accurately controlling the cooling rate of the casting, the ingot cooling rate is 20K / S to 115K / S, and the diameter of the cast rod is controlled in the range of 100mm to 200mm. Among them, in step S3, the cast bar is subjected to three-stage homogenization treatment, and the specific parameters are as follows: the first-stage homogenization temperature is 320°C, and the first-stage homogenization holding time is 6h; The secondary homogenization temperature is 520℃ and the secondary homogenization holding time is 7h; The third-stage homogenization temperature is 575°C, and the third-stage homogenization holding time is 9h; After homogenization, the aluminum bar needs to be rapidly cooled at a cooling rate ≥ 320℃ / h.

[0026] Wherein, in step S4, the extrusion ratio is controlled at 25, the extrusion rod temperature is controlled at 460°C, the extrusion speed is 13m / min, water cooling is used after extrusion, and the surface temperature of the profile after quenching is lower than 100°C.

[0027] The specific steps of the solution treatment are as follows: the first-stage solution temperature is 450°C, and the first-stage solution holding time is 1.5h; The secondary solution temperature is 570°C and the secondary solution holding time is 0.4h; The heating time from the primary solution temperature to the secondary solution temperature is controlled within 0.5h; water cooling and quenching are carried out after the solution is completed.

[0028] Example 4 A preparation process of a high-strength aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps: S1, raw material ratio, Al: 99.224wt%, Fe: 0.4wt%, Si: 0.31wt%, Cu: 0.04wt%, Zr: 0.011wt%, B: 0.006wt%, RE: 0.007wt%, Ti: 0.002wt%; wherein RE is selected from at least one of La, Ce, Pr, Ho, and Lu; S2, smelting the mixed raw material obtained in step S1 to obtain a molten alloy; S3, homogenization treatment, homogenization treatment of the cast bars; S4, extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy material; S5. Cooling the extruded profile: S6. performing solid solution treatment on the aluminum alloy material.

[0029] Wherein, in step S2, the aluminum alloy liquid is passed through a degassing box and a filter plate in sequence for degassing and filtering to obtain a high-purity aluminum alloy liquid.

[0030] Wherein, in step S2, the smelting process adopts the following method: by accurately controlling the cooling rate of the casting, the ingot cooling rate is 110K / S, and the diameter control range of the cast rod is 100mm.

[0031] Among them, in step S3, the cast bar is subjected to three-stage homogenization treatment, and the specific parameters are as follows: the first-stage homogenization temperature is 330°C, and the first-stage homogenization holding time is 3h; The secondary homogenization temperature is 550℃ and the secondary homogenization holding time is 6h; The third-stage homogenization temperature is 585°C, and the third-stage homogenization holding time is 4h; After homogenization, the aluminum bar needs to be rapidly cooled at a cooling rate ≥ 320℃ / h.

[0032] Wherein, in step S4, the extrusion ratio is controlled at 15, the extrusion rod temperature is controlled at 500°C, the extrusion speed is 7m / min, water cooling is used after extrusion, and the surface temperature of the profile after quenching is lower than 100°C.

[0033] The specific steps of the solution treatment are as follows: the first-stage solution temperature is 500°C, and the first-stage solution holding time is 2.5h; The secondary solution temperature is 590°C and the secondary solution holding time is 0.4h; The heating time from the primary solution temperature to the secondary solution temperature is controlled within 0.5h; water cooling and quenching are carried out after the solution is completed.

[0034] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy profile, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, raw material ratio, Al: 99.10~99.53wt%, Fe: 0.2~0.5wt%, Si: 0.25~0.32wt%, Cu: 0.01~0.05wt%, Zr: 0.008~0.012wt%, B: 0.005~0.008wt%, RE: 0.005~0.008wt%, Ti: 0.001~0.003wt%; wherein RE is selected from at least one of La, Ce, Pr, Ho, and Lu; S2, smelting the mixed raw material obtained in step S1 to obtain a molten alloy; S3, homogenization treatment, homogenization treatment of the cast bars; S4, extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy material; S5. Cooling the extruded profile: S6. performing a solid solution treatment on the aluminum alloy material.

2. The process for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the aluminum alloy liquid is passed through a degassing box and a filter plate in sequence for degassing and filtering to obtain a high-purity aluminum alloy liquid.

3. The process for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the smelting process adopts the following method: by accurately controlling the cooling rate of the casting, the ingot cooling rate is 20K / S to 115K / S, and the diameter of the cast rod is controlled in the range of 100mm to 200mm.

4. The process for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the cast bar is subjected to three-stage homogenization treatment, and the specific parameters are as follows: the first-stage homogenization temperature is 260°C to 330°C, and the first-stage homogenization holding time is 3h to 9h; The secondary homogenization temperature is 490℃~550℃, and the secondary homogenization holding time is 6h~13h; The third-stage homogenization temperature is 560℃~585℃, and the third-stage homogenization insulation time is 4h~10h; After homogenization, the aluminum bar needs to be rapidly cooled at a cooling rate ≥ 320℃ / h.

5. The process for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the extrusion ratio is controlled at 15-40, the extrusion rod temperature is controlled at 450°C-500°C, the extrusion speed is 7m / min-15m / min, water cooling is used after extrusion, and the surface temperature of the profile after quenching is lower than 100°C.

6. A process for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy profile according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of the solution treatment are: the first-level solution temperature is 450℃~500℃, and the first-level solution holding time is 1.5h~2.5h; The secondary solution temperature is 570℃~590℃, and the secondary solution holding time is 0.4h~1.7h; The heating time from the primary solution temperature to the secondary solution temperature is controlled within 0.5h; water cooling and quenching are carried out after the solution is completed.