Multistage damping spring floating slab track and adjusting method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of rail transit equipment technology, and provides a multi-stage damping spring floating slab track bed and a regulating method, comprising a floating slab, a lower-mounted vibration isolator, a side-mounted vibration isolator, a first stiffness adjusting device, a second stiffness adjusting device, a base, a drainage ditch and a shear hinge device. The structure of the present application has lower dynamic stiffness than ordinary spring floating slab, but the static stiffness is not reduced, that is, the damping effect of the rail system is improved while the carrying capacity is ensured. It also has certain lateral stiffness, so that the stress condition of the rail structure in the curve section is significantly improved. It can also achieve ultra-low frequency damping within 10 Hz, and suppress the "low frequency vibration amplification" phenomenon of traditional spring floating slab.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rail transit equipment technology, specifically relating to a multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed and its adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, my country's rail transit has developed rapidly, providing great convenience for urban residents and bringing significant economic benefits to society. However, because subway lines often pass under densely built-up urban areas, the vibrations generated by train operation are transmitted to the buildings above, affecting the daily work and lives of residents along the line. With the increasing mileage of subway lines, the vibration and noise problems caused by subway train operation have received widespread attention.

[0003] The spring-loaded floating slab track mainly consists of a floating slab, fasteners, rails, spring isolators, and a base. It is a typical mass-spring system with a low natural frequency and is used in rail transit projects in many countries and regions around the world. This system separates the track slab from the concrete base by jacking it up using spring isolators. The mass inertia of the floating slab balances part of the train load, while the damping of the isolators dissipates some vibration energy. This significantly reduces the transmission of vibration energy generated by the train to the invert arch and tunnel walls, thus achieving vibration reduction.

[0004] While spring-loaded floating slabs offer good vibration reduction, their typical linear vibration isolation characteristics present the following problems:

[0005] (1) The vibration reduction capacity of traditional spring floating slabs depends heavily on the stiffness of the vibration isolator: if the stiffness of the vibration isolator is too large, the expected vibration reduction effect will not be achieved; if the stiffness of the vibration isolator is too small, the track system will not be able to bear the load, which will endanger the safety of train operation.

[0006] (2) Traditional spring floating slabs are point-supported, and the vibration isolators only generate support reaction forces in the vertical direction. They lack effective constraints on the lateral direction of the floating slabs, which is unfavorable in curved sections. The track geometry is difficult to maintain, and the maintenance workload is large.

[0007] (3) Traditional spring floating plates amplify vibration at low frequencies, and usually only produce significant vibration reduction effect above 16Hz, making it difficult to achieve ultra-low frequency vibration reduction.

[0008] (4) Traditional spring floating slabs are only used in special vibration reduction sections (single vibration reduction level). Medium and high vibration reduction sections require other vibration reduction methods. Different vibration reduction track types greatly increase the cost of operation and maintenance. The transition section between different vibration reduction sections requires additional design work, and the on-site construction process is complicated, increasing the construction cost.

[0009] Therefore, optimizing and improving the spring floating slab track system is of great engineering significance. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0012] A multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed includes floating slabs, under-mounted vibration isolators, side-mounted vibration isolators, a first stiffness adjustment device, a second stiffness adjustment device, a base, a drainage ditch, and a shear hinge device.

[0013] The first stiffness adjustment device is located at both ends of the floating plate, the drainage ditch is located on the base, the second stiffness adjustment device is located corresponding to the first stiffness adjustment device, the number of floating plates is two or more, and the shear hinge device is used to connect adjacent floating plates.

[0014] The under-mounted vibration isolator has an elastic under-mounted damping section that can move relative to its length direction. The bottom of the under-mounted vibration isolator is connected to the base, and the under-mounted damping section of the under-mounted vibration isolator is connected to the floating plate.

[0015] The side-mounted vibration isolator has an elastic side-mounted damping section that can move relative to its length direction. The second stiffness adjustment device has an arc-shaped sliding groove. The bottom of the side-mounted vibration isolator slides in conjunction with the sliding groove. The second stiffness adjustment device is provided with a limiting component that can restrict the movement of the side-mounted vibration isolator. The side-mounted damping section of the side-mounted vibration isolator is hinged to the first stiffness adjustment device.

[0016] Preferably, the shear hinge device includes a shear bar, a bushing, a base plate, and a first bolt. The base plate is connected to the floating plate via the first bolt. The bushing is disposed on the base plate, and the shear bar is slidably engaged with the bushing.

[0017] Preferably, an iron pad for connecting the first bolt is provided on the side of the floating plate, and the two ends of the shear bar are respectively slidably engaged with the bushings at the adjacent bottom plate.

[0018] Preferably, the first stiffness adjustment device includes an angle steel member, a pin member, a rib plate, and a second bolt member. The rib plate is located at the bend of the angle steel member. The side-mounted vibration damping part of the side-mounted vibration isolator is hinged to the rib plate through the pin member. The angle steel member is fixed to the floating plate member through the second bolt member.

[0019] Preferably, the second stiffness adjustment device includes an adjustment base, and the slide groove is disposed on the adjustment base;

[0020] The limiting component includes a limiting through hole group and a limiting bolt component. The limiting through hole group consists of two or more components and is disposed on the adjusting base along the extension direction of the slide groove. The limiting bolt component consists of two components and cooperates with the limiting through hole group to form a limiting part for restricting the movement of the side-mounted vibration isolator.

[0021] The limiting through hole group includes through hole portions symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide groove.

[0022] Preferably, the under-mounted vibration isolator includes a first under-mounted sleeve, a second under-mounted sleeve, a first helical spring, a sealing rubber ring, and damping fluid;

[0023] The first lower sleeve and the second lower sleeve are arranged opposite each other to form a lower cavity for placing the first helical spring. The sealing rubber ring is disposed between the first lower sleeve and the second lower sleeve. The damping fluid is disposed inside the second lower sleeve. The sleeve opening of the second lower sleeve is provided with a first sealing plate. The first helical spring passes through the first sealing plate.

[0024] The first lower sleeve and the first helical spring form the lower vibration damping part.

[0025] Preferably, the side-mounted vibration isolator includes a first side-mounted sleeve, a second side-mounted sleeve, a second helical spring, and damping fluid;

[0026] The first side-mounted sleeve and the second side-mounted sleeve are arranged opposite each other and form a side-mounted cavity for placing the second helical spring. The damping fluid is disposed in the second side-mounted sleeve. A second sealing plate is provided at the sleeve opening of the second side-mounted sleeve, and the second helical spring passes through the second sealing plate.

[0027] The bottom of the second side-mounted sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped limiting plate that slides in conjunction with the groove;

[0028] The first side-mounted sleeve and the second helical spring form the side-mounted vibration damping section.

[0029] Preferably, it also includes an observation hole and a support platform. The observation hole is located in the middle of the floating plate, the support platform is located on the top of the floating plate and on both sides of the observation hole, and the drainage ditch is located below the observation hole.

[0030] Preferably, it also includes rubber strips, which are disposed at both ends of the floating plate and cover the first stiffness adjustment device and the second stiffness adjustment device.

[0031] This invention also includes an adjustment method for a multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed, applied to the aforementioned multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed, the steps of which are as follows:

[0032] S1. Determine the comprehensive dynamic stiffness coefficient of the multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed. K :

[0033] ;

[0034] Where X is the vertical displacement of the floating plate relative to the equilibrium position. L 1 represents the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator. k 1 represents the stiffness coefficient of the side-mounted vibration isolator. k 2 is the stiffness coefficient of the bottom-mounted vibration isolator, and a is the horizontal distance between the side-mounted vibration isolator and the middle of the floating plate.

[0035] S2. The angle between the direction of the force exerted by the side-mounted vibration damping part of the side-mounted vibration isolator on the floating plate and the horizontal plane is defined as the action angle. θ Adjust the angle of action according to usage requirements. θ Thus regulating L 1. This adjusts the overall dynamic stiffness coefficient of the multi-stage damping spring floating slab track bed. K .

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0037] (1) The structure of the present invention has a lower dynamic stiffness than that of ordinary spring floating plate, but the static stiffness is not reduced, that is, while improving the vibration reduction effect of the track system, the load-bearing capacity is also guaranteed.

[0038] (2) The multi-stage damping spring floating slab track bed proposed in this invention has a certain lateral stiffness, which significantly improves the stress condition of the track structure in curved sections.

[0039] (3) The multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed proposed in this invention can achieve ultra-low frequency vibration damping within 10Hz and suppress the "low frequency vibration amplification" phenomenon of traditional spring floating slabs.

[0040] (4) The multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed proposed in this invention has multi-stage vibration damping capability, and its dynamic stiffness can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range. It can be applied to medium, high and special vibration damping sections of the entire track, and unify the vibration damping track type. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of mark A.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the bottom-mounted vibration isolator of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the side-mounted vibration isolator of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a side view of the first stiffness adjustment device of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the first stiffness adjustment device of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the second stiffness adjustment device of the present invention from the front view direction.

[0050] Figure 9 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of the second stiffness adjustment device of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment of the side-mounted vibration isolator of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the bottom-mounted vibration isolator and the side-mounted vibration isolator of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the shear hinge device of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the shear hinge device of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 14 This invention relates to the mechanical principles of the multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed.

[0056] Figure 15 This is the KX stiffness coefficient curve of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 16 This is the track-tunnel-soil coupling model of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 17 This represents the wheel-rail force spectrum.

[0059] Figure 18 This is a comparison chart of the vibration level spectrum of the tunnel wall with and without lateral support devices.

[0060] Figure 19 A comparison of the vibration level spectrum of the tunnel wall at different initial lengths.

[0061] Figure 20 This is a comparison chart of the vibration level spectrum of the tunnel wall under the same vibration isolator stiffness.

[0062] in:

[0063] 1-Floating panels;

[0064] 2-Lower-mounted vibration isolator, 21-First lower-mounted sleeve, 22-Second lower-mounted sleeve, 23-First sealing plate, 24-Sealing rubber ring, 25-Damping fluid, 26-First helical spring component, 27-Spring limiting device;

[0065] 3-Side-mounted vibration isolator, 31-First side-mounted sleeve, 32-Second side-mounted sleeve, 33-Second helical spring component, 34-Second sealing plate, 35-Arc-shaped limiting plate;

[0066] 4-First stiffness adjustment device, 41-Angle steel component, 42-Second bolt component, 43-Pin component;

[0067] 5-Second stiffness adjustment device, 51-Adjustment base, 52-Slide groove, 53-Through hole, 54-Limiting bolt;

[0068] 6-base,

[0069] 7-Rubber strip,

[0070] 8-Rail support platform,

[0071] 9-Drainage ditch,

[0072] 10-Observation hole,

[0073] 11-Shear hinge device, 111-Shear bar, 112-Busset, 113-Base plate, 114-First bolt, 115-Iron pad. Detailed Implementation

[0074] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention; the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0076] Example:

[0077] like Figure 1-20 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed, including a floating slab 1, a bottom-mounted vibration isolator 2, a side-mounted vibration isolator 3, a first stiffness adjustment device 4, a second stiffness adjustment device 5, a base 6, a drainage ditch 9, and a shear hinge device 11.

[0078] The first stiffness adjustment device 4 is fixed to the ends of both sides of the floating slab, and the second stiffness adjustment device 5 is fixed to the surface of the tunnel wall, with the second stiffness adjustment device 5 corresponding to the position of the first stiffness adjustment device 4. The lower-mounted vibration isolator 2 is installed on the surface of the base 6, lifting the floating slab 1 away from the surface of the base 6. The two ends of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 are connected to the first stiffness adjustment device 4 and the second stiffness adjustment device 5, respectively. The lower-mounted vibration isolator 2 and the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 together provide support for the floating slab 1. Shear hinges are provided between adjacent floating slabs 1. Specifically, the shear hinge device 11 is installed on the side of the floating plate 1. The surface of the floating plate 1 is prefabricated with a rail support platform 8, and fasteners and rails are installed on the top of the rail support platform 8. A drainage ditch 9 is provided in the middle of the base 6, and an observation hole 10 is provided in the middle of the floating plate, through which the drainage ditch can be inspected and cleaned. It also includes rubber strips 7, specifically rubber strips 7 are provided at both ends of the floating plate 1, and are laid on the upper surface and side of the first stiffness adjustment device 4 and the second stiffness adjustment device 5 along the track direction, respectively, to prevent the environment from corroding the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 and extend the service life of the track.

[0079] See Figure 4In this embodiment, the lower-mounted vibration isolator 2 has a cylindrical structure, including a first lower-mounted sleeve 21, a second lower-mounted sleeve 22, a first helical spring 26, and damping fluid 25. The first helical spring 26 is placed between the first lower-mounted sleeve 21 and the second lower-mounted sleeve 22. Spring limiting devices 27 are respectively provided in the first lower-mounted sleeve 21 and the second lower-mounted sleeve 22 to ensure that the first helical spring 26 only undergoes vertical deformation under load. The second lower-mounted sleeve 22 contains damping fluid 25. A first sealing plate 23 is provided at the sleeve opening of the second lower-mounted sleeve 22. The first helical spring 26 passes through the first sealing plate 23, and the lower part of the first helical spring 26 is immersed in the damping fluid 25. A sealing rubber ring 24 is provided between the first lower-mounted sleeve 21 and the second lower-mounted sleeve 22 to prevent the surrounding environment from contaminating the first helical spring 26 and the damping fluid 25, thereby improving the service life of the components. When the under-mounted vibration isolator 2 bears the weight of the track system and the load of train operation, the first helical spring 26 is in a compressed state.

[0080] See Figure 5 In this embodiment, the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 has a cylindrical structure, including a first side-mounted sleeve 31, a second side-mounted sleeve 32, a second helical spring 33, damping fluid 25, and an arc-shaped limiting plate 35. The second helical spring 33 is disposed between and rigidly connected to the first side-mounted sleeve 31 and the second side-mounted sleeve 32. The second side-mounted sleeve 32 contains damping fluid 25, and a second sealing plate 34 is provided at the sleeve opening of the second side-mounted sleeve 32. The second helical spring 33 passes through the second sealing plate 34, and a portion of the lower part of the second helical spring 33 is immersed in the damping fluid 25. The lower surface of the second side-mounted sleeve 32 has an arc-shaped structure and is provided with an arc-shaped limiting plate 35.

[0081] In this embodiment, the first stiffness adjustment device 4 is fixed to the side surfaces at both ends of the floating plate 1, and the second stiffness adjustment device 5 is fixed to the tunnel wall surface. The side-mounted vibration isolator 3 can adjust its initial length and operating angle through the first stiffness adjustment device 4 and the second stiffness adjustment device 5, thereby changing the overall stiffness of the track system and achieving different vibration reduction effects. Under static load, the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 exerts a tensile force on the floating plate 1, and the second helical spring 33 is in a stretched state.

[0082] See Figure 6 and 7 The first stiffness adjustment device 4 in this embodiment includes an angle steel member 41, a pin member 43, a rib plate, and a second bolt member 42. The rib plate is provided at the bend of the angle steel member 41 to enhance structural stability. The first side-mounted sleeve 31 of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 is hinged to the rib plate through the pin member 43. The angle steel member 41 is fixed to the side surface of the floating plate member 1 through the second bolt member 42.

[0083] See Figure 8 and 9 The second stiffness adjustment device 5 includes an adjustment base 51 and a limiting assembly. The adjustment base 51 is provided with an arc-shaped sliding groove 52. The bottom of the adjustment base 51 is fixed to the tunnel wall surface. The lower surface of the second side-mounted sleeve 32 and the arc-shaped limiting plate 35 slide in cooperation with the sliding groove 52, thereby adjusting the working angle of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3. The limiting assembly includes a limiting through hole group and a limiting bolt 54. The number of limiting through holes is two or more and they are provided on the adjustment base 51 along the extension direction of the sliding groove 52. The number of limiting bolts 54 is two and they cooperate with the limiting through hole group to form a limiting part for restricting the movement of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3. The side-mounted vibration isolator 3 can be adjusted in this way to adjust the initial length of the vibration isolator. The limiting through hole group includes through hole parts 53 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sliding groove 52.

[0084] See Figure 10 In this embodiment, the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 can be adjusted by the first stiffness adjustment device 4 and the second stiffness adjustment device 5. L 1. The initial length needs to be adjusted to correspond with the angle θ to meet relevant design specifications. In one embodiment, the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 is... L The adjustable range of 1 is 50mm~300mm, and the adjustable range of the angle θ between the direction of action and the lateral direction is recommended to be arcsin(3 / 300)~arcsin(3 / 50); specifically, it can be divided into 5 gears, and the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 in gear 1 is... L 1 is 50mm, corresponding to an angle θ adjusted to arcsin(3 / 50); the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 in gear two is... L 1 is 100mm, corresponding to an angle θ adjusted to arcsin(3 / 100); the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 in gear three. L 1 is 150mm, corresponding to an angle θ adjusted to arcsin(3 / 150); the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 in gear four. L 1 is 200mm, corresponding to an angle θ adjusted to arcsin(3 / 200); the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 in gear five. L 1 is 250mm, corresponding to an angle θ adjusted to arcsin(3 / 250); the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 in gear six is ​​300mm, corresponding to an angle θ adjusted to arcsin(3 / 300). Specific initial lengths... L 1. The effective angle θ should be adjusted specifically according to the line type and passenger capacity to meet the vibration reduction requirements of the train under different operating conditions.

[0085] See Figure 11In this embodiment, the length of the floating slab 1 can be 4800mm. Four pairs of under-mounted vibration isolators 2 and four pairs of side-mounted vibration isolators 3 are arranged under the floating slab 1 in the standard section. In principle, one pair of vibration isolators (two under-mounted vibration isolators 2 and two side-mounted vibration isolators 3) is arranged between two rail support platforms 8. Under static load and train running load conditions, the under-mounted vibration isolators 2 always bear the weight of the track system and the train load, experiencing pressure and compressive deformation. Under static load and train running load conditions, the side-mounted vibration isolators 3 always exert tensile force between the side of the floating slab and the tunnel wall surface, resulting in tensile deformation. When the system is in equilibrium, i.e., when the under-mounted vibration isolators 2 are at their maximum compression, the side-mounted vibration isolators 3 are not subjected to force and do not deform. The stiffness of the floating slab track system changes nonlinearly with time under the action of train running load, which can produce a good vibration reduction effect in the low frequency band within 5~16Hz, and the vibration reduction effect above 5Hz is stronger than that of traditional spring floating slabs.

[0086] See Figure 12 and 13 The shear hinge device 11 in this embodiment includes a shear bar 111, a bushing 112, a base plate 113, and a first bolt 114. The bushing 112 is rigidly connected to the base plate 113, and the shear bar 111 is installed in the bushing 112. The side of the floating plate 1 is provided with an iron pad 115, which is cast integrally with the floating plate 1. The base plate 113 is connected to the iron pad 115 on the side of the floating plate 1 through the first bolt 114. The shear hinge devices 11 should be arranged in pairs at the joints of adjacent floating plate 1 ends, and the arrangement of the shear hinge devices 11 should not conflict with the arrangement of the side-mounted vibration isolators 3. The corresponding hole positions should be reserved in advance.

[0087] The mechanical principle of the multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed in this embodiment is as follows:

[0088] See Figure 14For simplification, this multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed can be equivalently represented as a "mass-spring" system consisting of two inclined springs, one vertical spring, and a mass block. The inclined springs are equivalent to side-mounted vibration isolators 3, the vertical springs are equivalent to bottom-mounted vibration isolators 2, and the mass block is equivalent to the floating slab 1. The inclined springs primarily provide negative stiffness, while the vertical springs provide positive stiffness. The parallel connection of the three springs reduces the dynamic stiffness of the system. Initially, the mass block P maintains static equilibrium under the combined action of springs AP, BP, and CP. At this time, springs AP and BP are in a stretched state, and spring CP is in a compressed state. After loading, the mass block P moves downward a distance x under the action of the external load F. The stretching of springs AP and BP gradually decreases, while spring CP continues to compress until dynamic equilibrium is reached. At equilibrium, the mass block P maintains dynamic equilibrium under the combined action of springs AP, BP, CP, and the external load F. At this time, springs AP and BP are in a zero-stretch / compression state and are in a horizontal position, while spring CP is in a state of maximum compression. L 1 represents the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3. k 1 represents the stiffness coefficient of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3. k 2 is the stiffness coefficient of the bottom-mounted vibration isolator 2, a is the horizontal distance between the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 and the middle of the floating plate 1, X is the vertical displacement of the floating plate 1 relative to the equilibrium position, and Mg is the weight of the mass block.

[0089] Therefore, based on the above principles, the present invention also includes an adjustment method for a multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed, the steps of which are as follows:

[0090] S1. Determine the comprehensive dynamic stiffness coefficient of the multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed. K :

[0091] ;

[0092] Where X is the vertical displacement of the floating plate 1 relative to the equilibrium position. L 1 represents the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3. k 1 represents the stiffness coefficient of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3. k 2 is the stiffness coefficient of the bottom-mounted vibration isolator 2, and a is the horizontal distance between the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 and the middle of the floating plate 1.

[0093] S2. The angle between the direction of the force exerted by the side-mounted vibration damping part of the side-mounted vibration isolator 3 on the floating plate 1 and the horizontal plane is defined as the action angle. θ Adjust the angle of action according to usage requirements. θ Thus regulating L 1. This allows for adjustment of the overall dynamic stiffness coefficient of the multi-stage damping spring floating slab track bed. K ;

[0094] Specifically, whenk 1 = 7 kN / mm, k 2 = 5kN / mm, L The curve showing the variation of the system's dynamic stiffness K with displacement X when 1=300mm and a=250mm is referenced. Figure 15 It can be seen that K < min( k 1, k 2).

[0095] To verify the vibration reduction effect of the multi-stage vibration-damping spring-supported slab track bed proposed in this invention, a finite-length track-tunnel-soil dynamic model was established, such as... Figure 16 In the model: rails and floating slabs are simulated as Timoshenko beam elements; tunnels are simulated as cylindrical thin shells; fasteners, vibration isolators, and soil are simulated as spring-damped elements; the applied loads are measured wheel-rail forces from a subway line in southern China, such as... Figure 17 .

[0096] (1) Vertical vibration level of tunnel wall with or without lateral support device:

[0097] Figure 18 This is a comparison of the vertical vibration level spectrum of the tunnel wall under three different track types (spring floating slab track with lateral support, traditional spring floating slab track, and ordinary integral track) under the action of wheel-rail force.

[0098] As can be seen from the figure, when the vertical spring stiffness k When 2=7kN / mm, both traditional spring floating slab track and floating slab track with lateral support have better vibration reduction effects compared to integral track. However, traditional spring floating slab track exhibits significant vibration amplification in the 5~20Hz range, while the floating slab track in this invention basically suppresses this phenomenon in this frequency range.

[0099] (2) Different initial lengths L 1. Vertical vibration level of the tunnel wall:

[0100] Figure 19 The dynamic response of the track system of this invention under wheel-rail forces is calculated for different initial lengths of the lateral support device. L Vertical vibration level spectrum of tunnel wall when 1 ∈ [50~300] mm.

[0101] As can be seen from the figure, when the vertical spring stiffness k When 2 = 7 kN / mm, above 5 Hz, as the initial length of the lateral vibration isolator increases, the Z-vibration level of the tunnel wall gradually decreases, and the vibration reduction effect is better.

[0102] (3) Vertical vibration level of tunnel wall under different vibration isolator stiffness:

[0103] Figure 20This represents the dynamic response of the track system under wheel-rail forces with different isolator stiffnesses. For ease of calculation, we take... k 1= k 2. Calculate separately k Vertical vibration level spectrum of tunnel wall within the range of 1 ∈ [4~11.5] kN / mm.

[0104] As can be seen from the figure, when the initial length of the inclined spring... L When 1=150mm, above 5Hz, as the stiffness of the vibration isolator decreases, the vibration level of the tunnel wall gradually decreases, and the vibration reduction effect is better.

[0105] In summary, the advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0106] (1) The structure of the present invention has a lower dynamic stiffness than that of ordinary spring floating plate, but the static stiffness is not reduced, that is, while improving the vibration reduction effect of the track system, the load-bearing capacity is also guaranteed.

[0107] (2) The multi-stage damping spring floating slab track bed proposed in this invention has a certain lateral stiffness, which significantly improves the stress condition of the track structure in curved sections.

[0108] (3) The multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed proposed in this invention can achieve ultra-low frequency vibration damping within 10Hz and suppress the "low frequency vibration amplification" phenomenon of traditional spring floating slabs.

[0109] (4) The multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed proposed in this invention has multi-stage vibration damping capability, and its dynamic stiffness can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range. It can be applied to medium, high and special vibration damping sections of the entire track, and unify the vibration damping track type.

[0110] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting a multi-stage vibration-damping spring-loaded floating slab track bed, characterized in that, This is applied to a multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed, the multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed comprising: Floating plate, under-mounted vibration isolator, side-mounted vibration isolator, first stiffness adjustment device, second stiffness adjustment device, base, drainage ditch and shear hinge device; The first stiffness adjustment device is located at both ends of the floating plate, the drainage ditch is located on the base, the second stiffness adjustment device is located corresponding to the first stiffness adjustment device, the number of floating plates is two or more, and the shear hinge device is used to connect adjacent floating plates. The under-mounted vibration isolator has an elastic under-mounted damping section that can move relative to its length direction. The bottom of the under-mounted vibration isolator is connected to the base, and the under-mounted damping section of the under-mounted vibration isolator is connected to the floating plate. The side-mounted vibration isolator has an elastic side-mounted damping section that can move relative to its length direction. The second stiffness adjustment device has an arc-shaped sliding groove. The bottom of the side-mounted vibration isolator slides in conjunction with the sliding groove. The second stiffness adjustment device is provided with a limiting component that can restrict the movement of the side-mounted vibration isolator. The side-mounted damping section of the side-mounted vibration isolator is hinged to the first stiffness adjustment device. The side-mounted vibration isolator includes a first side-mounted sleeve, a second side-mounted sleeve, a second helical spring, and damping fluid; The first side-mounted sleeve and the second side-mounted sleeve are arranged opposite each other and form a side-mounted cavity for placing the second helical spring. The damping fluid is disposed in the second side-mounted sleeve. A second sealing plate is provided at the sleeve opening of the second side-mounted sleeve, and the second helical spring passes through the second sealing plate. The bottom of the second side-mounted sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped limiting plate that slides in conjunction with the groove; The first side-mounted sleeve and the second helical spring form the side-mounted vibration damping part; The adjustment method comprises the following steps: S1. Determine the comprehensive dynamic stiffness coefficient of the multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed. K : ； Where X is the vertical displacement of the floating plate relative to the equilibrium position. L 1 represents the initial length of the side-mounted vibration isolator. k 1 represents the stiffness coefficient of the side-mounted vibration isolator. k 2 is the stiffness coefficient of the bottom-mounted vibration isolator, and a is the horizontal distance between the side-mounted vibration isolator and the middle of the floating plate. S2. The angle between the direction of the force exerted by the side-mounted vibration damping part of the side-mounted vibration isolator on the floating plate and the horizontal plane is defined as the action angle. θ Adjust the angle of action according to usage requirements. θ Thus regulating L 1. This adjusts the overall dynamic stiffness coefficient of the multi-stage damping spring floating slab track bed. K .

2. The adjustment method for the multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shear hinge device includes a shear bar, a bushing, a base plate, and a first bolt. The base plate is connected to the floating plate via the first bolt. The bushing is disposed on the base plate, and the shear bar is slidably engaged with the bushing.

3. The adjustment method for the multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed according to claim 2, characterized in that, An iron pad for connecting the first bolt is provided on the side of the floating plate, and the two ends of the shear bar are respectively slidably engaged with the bushings at the adjacent bottom plate.

4. The adjustment method for the multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first stiffness adjustment device includes an angle steel component, a pin component, a rib plate, and a second bolt component. The rib plate is located at the bend of the angle steel component. The side-mounted vibration damping part of the side-mounted vibration isolator is hinged to the rib plate through the pin component. The angle steel component is fixed to the floating plate component through the second bolt component.

5. The adjustment method for a multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second stiffness adjustment device includes an adjustment base, and the slide groove is disposed on the adjustment base; The limiting component includes a limiting through hole group and a limiting bolt component. The limiting through hole group consists of two or more components and is disposed on the adjusting base along the extension direction of the slide groove. The limiting bolt component consists of two components and cooperates with the limiting through hole group to form a limiting part for restricting the movement of the side-mounted vibration isolator. The limiting through hole group includes through hole portions symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide groove.

6. The adjustment method for the multi-stage vibration damping spring floating slab track bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The under-mounted vibration isolator includes a first under-mounted sleeve, a second under-mounted sleeve, a first helical spring, a sealing rubber ring, and damping fluid; The first lower sleeve and the second lower sleeve are arranged opposite each other to form a lower cavity for placing the first helical spring. The sealing rubber ring is disposed between the first lower sleeve and the second lower sleeve. The damping fluid is disposed inside the second lower sleeve. The sleeve opening of the second lower sleeve is provided with a first sealing plate. The first helical spring passes through the first sealing plate. The first lower sleeve and the first helical spring form the lower vibration damping part.

7. The adjustment method for a multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an observation hole and a support platform. The observation hole is located in the middle of the floating plate, the support platform is located on the top of the floating plate and on both sides of the observation hole, and the drainage ditch is located below the observation hole.

8. The adjustment method for a multi-stage vibration-damping spring floating slab track bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes rubber strips, which are disposed at both ends of the floating plate and cover the first stiffness adjustment device and the second stiffness adjustment device.

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