A multi-effect utilization system and working method for the cooling air of a waste incinerator wall

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration treatment, and specifically to a multi-effect utilization system and working method for the cooling air of a waste incinerator wall. The multi-effect utilization of the cooling air of the waste incinerator wall is specifically as follows: a wind valve and a fan are successively arranged on the pipeline of the furnace wall cooling air that passes through the furnace wall and cools the furnace wall. The pipeline of the furnace wall cooling air located behind the fan is divided into four branches, namely the first branch connected to the outlet of the air preheater, the second branch connected to the inlet pipeline of the left air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator, the third branch connected to the inlet pipeline of the right air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator, and the fourth branch leading to the garbage pit. The multi-effect utilization system of the cooling air of the waste incinerator wall of the present invention can reduce energy consumption, and at the same time improve the service life of each ash hopper and the furnace wall of the waste incinerator, which is beneficial to the efficient and stable operation of the waste incinerator equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration treatment, and particularly to a multi-effect utilization system and working method of the cooling air of the furnace wall of a waste incinerator. Background Art

[0002] The cooling air of the furnace wall refers to the cooling air introduced through a specially designed cooling system during the operation of a waste incinerator to reduce the furnace wall temperature, protect the furnace body structure, extend the equipment life, and recover part of the heat loss; or the air in the boiler room can also be introduced as the cooling air to improve the environment in the boiler room.

[0003] During the operation of a waste incinerator, the furnace wall cooling air system plays a crucial role. In traditional processes, the main function of the furnace wall cooling air is to prevent problems such as structural damage and castable peeling caused by excessive furnace wall temperature through the cooling of the high-temperature furnace wall, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the incinerator and extending the equipment life. This system generally includes components such as cooling fans, air supply ducts, air extraction ducts, and corresponding control valves.

[0004] Currently, the technical characteristics of the utilization ways of the furnace wall cooling air in the prior art are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0005] (1) Direct cooling and protection: The cooling air is sent into the interior or surface of the furnace wall through a fan, directly exchanging heat with the high-temperature furnace wall, effectively reducing the furnace wall temperature, and protecting the furnace body structure from high-temperature damage. This is the most basic and important function of the furnace wall cooling air.

[0006] (2) Heat loss recovery: Although part of the heated cooling air may be directly discharged into the atmosphere or simply recycled for other low-temperature uses after leaving the furnace wall traditionally, some technologies have begun to explore how to more effectively recover this part of the heat energy, such as preheating the combustion-supporting air through a heat exchanger, introducing the heated cooling air into the inlet of the primary air air preheater to improve the heat exchange effect and save the steam consumption of the primary air air preheater.

[0007] In the field of waste incineration treatment, the furnace wall cooling air system, as a key component to ensure the stable operation of the incinerator, is of great importance. However, although the existing system has achieved certain applications in furnace body protection, heat energy recovery, and system optimization, it still faces challenges such as low heat energy recovery efficiency and insufficient system flexibility. Especially in cold seasons or regions, the areas such as the waste storage in the waste incineration plant have too low temperatures, seriously affecting the fermentation efficiency and incineration quality of the waste, and further restricting the energy efficiency and environmental protection performance of the entire incineration process. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-effect utilization system and working method for the cooling air of a waste incinerator wall, which efficiently and flexibly utilizes the waste heat resources of the cooling air of the furnace wall.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A multi-effect utilization system for the cooling air of a waste incinerator wall, specifically: on the pipeline of the cooling air of the furnace wall that passes through the furnace wall and cools the furnace wall, a wind valve and a fan are successively arranged. The pipeline of the cooling air of the furnace wall behind the fan is divided into four branches, namely a first branch connected to the outlet of the air preheater, a second branch connected to the inlet pipeline of the left air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator, a third branch connected to the inlet pipeline of the right air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator, and a fourth branch leading to the waste pit.

[0011] Among them, at the outlet of the fan, a first flow measurement point, a first pressure measurement point, and a first temperature measurement point are provided.

[0012] Among them, combustion-supporting air is introduced into the inlet of the air preheater.

[0013] Further, a first electromagnetic valve and a second flow measurement point are provided on the first branch; a second temperature measurement point is provided on the pipeline behind the connection point of the first branch and the outlet pipeline of the air preheater.

[0014] Among them, air entering the left air chamber of the drying section is introduced into the inlet pipeline of the left air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator.

[0015] Further, a second electromagnetic valve and a third flow measurement point are provided on the second branch; a third temperature measurement point is provided on the pipeline behind the connection point of the second branch and the inlet pipeline of the left air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator.

[0016] Among them, air entering the right air chamber of the drying section is introduced into the inlet pipeline of the right air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator.

[0017] Further, a third electromagnetic valve and a fourth flow measurement point are provided on the third branch; a fourth temperature measurement point is provided on the pipeline behind the connection point of the third branch and the inlet pipeline of the right air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator.

[0018] Among them, a fourth electromagnetic valve and a fifth flow measurement point are provided on the fourth branch.

[0019] It also includes an intelligent monitoring system, which integrates the control of four electromagnetic valves of the air damper and the fan, as well as the signals of each flow measurement point, temperature measurement point, and pressure measurement point; it real-time monitors the temperature of the furnace wall cooling air, the temperature of the combustion-supporting air at the outlet of the air preheater, and the temperature of the air at the inlet of the drying section air chamber, and automatically adjusts the opening degrees of the air damper and the four electromagnetic valves according to the changes of parameters to ensure that the air volume of each path always remains in the optimal state.

[0020] The working method of the multi-effect utilization system for the furnace wall cooling air of the waste incinerator of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0021] (1) The furnace wall cooling air enters the fan through the air damper;

[0022] (2) Set the temperature of the furnace wall cooling air at the outlet of the fan as T01, and the temperature measured by the first temperature measurement point as T1. Adjust the cooling air volume entering the fan by automatically adjusting the opening degree of the air damper, so that the temperature difference ΔT = │T1 - T01│ is minimized;

[0023] (3) Set the standard pressure at the outlet of the fan as P0, and the pressure measured by the first pressure measurement point as P1. Adjust the operating frequency of the fan by automatically adjusting it, so that the pressure difference ΔP = │P1 - P0│ is minimized;

[0024] (4) The furnace wall cooling air of the first branch is connected to the outlet of the air preheater through a pipeline: when it is necessary to increase the temperature of the combustion-supporting air, open the first electromagnetic valve; set the temperature of the mixed combustion-supporting air as T02, and the temperature measured by the second temperature measurement point as T2. Adjust the cooling air volume for mixing by automatically adjusting the opening degree of the first electromagnetic valve, so that the temperature difference ΔT = │T2 - T02│ is minimized;

[0025] (5) The furnace wall cooling air of the second branch is connected to the inlet of the left air chamber of the drying section of the incinerator through a pipeline: when it is necessary to increase the temperature in the drying section, open the second electromagnetic valve; set the temperature of the mixed air as T03, and the temperature measured by the third temperature measurement point as T3. Adjust the cooling air volume for mixing by automatically adjusting the opening degree of the second electromagnetic valve, so that the temperature difference ΔT = │T3 - T03│ is minimized;

[0026] (6) The furnace wall cooling air of the third branch is connected to the inlet of the right air chamber of the drying section of the incinerator through a pipeline: when it is necessary to increase the temperature in the drying section, open the third electromagnetic valve; set the temperature of the mixed air as T04, and the temperature measured by the fourth temperature measurement point as T4. Adjust the cooling air volume for mixing by automatically adjusting the opening degree of the third electromagnetic valve, so that the temperature difference ΔT = │T4 - T04│ is minimized;

[0027] (7) The furnace wall cooling air of the fourth branch is connected to the garbage pit through a pipeline: the flow rates measured by the first flow measurement point, the second flow measurement point, the third flow measurement point, the fourth flow measurement point, and the fifth flow measurement point are Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, and Q5 respectively. The difference in flow rate ΔQ = │Q1 - Q2 - Q3 - Q4│ between the total flow rate at the fan outlet and the flow rates of each branch is used to automatically adjust the opening degree of the fourth solenoid valve; when the flow rate difference ΔQ ≤ 0, the opening degree of the fourth solenoid valve is 0%; when the flow rate difference ΔQ > 0, the opening degree of the fourth solenoid valve is automatically adjusted to make the Q5 value close to ΔQ.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the multi-effect utilization system and working method of the furnace wall cooling air of the garbage incinerator of the present invention at least have the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The multi-effect utilization system of the furnace wall cooling air of the garbage incinerator of the present invention can reduce energy consumption, and at the same time improve the service life of each ash hopper and the furnace wall of the garbage incinerator, which is beneficial to the efficient and stable operation of the garbage incinerator equipment.

[0030] (1) High-efficiency recovery and reuse: By optimizing the flow direction and distribution of the furnace wall cooling air, the system of the present invention realizes the high-efficiency recovery and reuse of the waste heat of the furnace wall cooling air, not only improving the overall energy efficiency of the incinerator, but also reducing the waste of heat energy and environmental pollution.

[0031] (2) Realize intelligent regulation and flexible adjustment: Through intelligent regulation, the distribution and utilization of the furnace wall cooling air are made more flexible and efficient; through real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment, it can ensure that the furnace wall cooling air can achieve the best utilization effect under different working conditions.

[0032] (3) Improve the incineration efficiency and stability: By preheating the combustion-supporting air, heating the garbage pit, and preheating the garbage in the drying section, etc., the system of the present invention effectively improves the incineration efficiency and stability, reduces the pollutant emissions generated by incomplete combustion, and improves the environmental protection performance of the incinerator.

[0033] (4) Enhance the environmental protection performance: By improving the combustion efficiency and reducing the pollutant emissions generated by incomplete combustion, the system of the present invention helps to improve the environmental protection performance of the garbage incineration plant, which is of great significance for improving air quality and protecting the ecological environment.

[0034] (5) Improve the intelligent level: Through intelligent monitoring, the system of the present invention has a relatively high intelligent level, which not only improves the operation efficiency and stability of the system, but also provides convenience for subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0035] The following further explains the multi-effect utilization system and working method of the furnace wall cooling air of the garbage incinerator of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the multi-effect utilization system of the cooling air for the garbage incinerator wall of the present invention.

[0037] Among them, 101 - cooling air for the furnace wall, 102 - air valve, 103 - fan, 104 - first flow measurement point, 105 - first pressure measurement point, 106 - first temperature measurement point;

[0038] 201 - combustion-supporting air, 202 - air preheater, 203 - first electromagnetic valve, 204 - second flow measurement point, 205 - second temperature measurement point;

[0039] 301 - air entering the left air chamber of the drying section, 302 - second electromagnetic valve, 303 - third flow measurement point, 304 - third temperature measurement point;

[0040] 401 - air entering the right air chamber of the drying section, 402 - third electromagnetic valve, 403 - fourth flow measurement point, 404 - fourth temperature measurement point;

[0041] 501 - fourth electromagnetic valve, 502 - fifth flow measurement point. Detailed implementation mode

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, a multi-effect utilization system of the cooling air for the garbage incinerator wall is specifically as follows: on the pipeline of the cooling air 101 for the furnace wall that passes through the furnace wall and cools the furnace wall, an air valve 102 and a fan 103 are successively arranged. The pipeline of the cooling air 101 for the furnace wall behind the fan 103 is divided into four branches, namely the first branch connected to the outlet of the air preheater 202, the second branch connected to the inlet pipeline of the left air chamber of the drying section of the garbage incinerator, the third branch connected to the inlet pipeline of the right air chamber of the drying section of the garbage incinerator, and the fourth branch leading to the garbage pit, realizing the multi-effect recovery and reuse of the waste heat of the cooling air for the furnace wall.

[0043] The primary task of the furnace wall cooling and the air valve to control the cooling air for the furnace wall is to reduce the furnace wall temperature and protect the furnace body structure. In this process, the air valve 102 plays a crucial role. By adjusting the opening degree of the air valve 102, the cooling air volume for the furnace wall can be controlled, so that the temperature T1 of the cooling air for the furnace wall can be effectively controlled, and it is ensured that the cooling air enters the fan 103 at an appropriate flow rate.

[0044] At the outlet of the fan 103, a first flow measurement point 104, a first pressure measurement point 105 and a first temperature measurement point 106 are provided. After the cooling air passing through the air valve 102 enters the fan 103, through the pressurization of the fan, it obtains a higher flow velocity and pressure, providing the possibility for subsequent refined distribution. By adjusting the operating frequency of the fan, the outlet pressure P1 of the fan can be effectively controlled to ensure that it can meet the air volume and air pressure requirements under different working conditions.

[0045] Combustion-supporting air 201 is introduced into the inlet of the air preheater 202. A first electromagnetic valve 203 and a second flow measurement point 204 are provided on the first branch; a second temperature measurement point 205 is provided on the pipeline behind the connection point of the first branch and the outlet pipeline of the air preheater 202. The cooling air of the first branch is guided to the outlet of the air preheater, where it is mixed with the combustion-supporting air about to enter the incinerator, increasing the temperature of the combustion-supporting air, thereby enhancing the combustion efficiency and reducing the pollutants generated by incomplete combustion. By adjusting the opening degree of the first electromagnetic valve 203 on this path, the amount of furnace wall cooling air entering this path is controlled, so that the temperature T2 of the mixed combustion-supporting air can be effectively controlled, ensuring the best preheating effect of the combustion-supporting air.

[0046] Air 301 entering the left air chamber of the drying section is introduced into the inlet pipeline of the left air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator. A second electromagnetic valve 302 and a third flow measurement point 303 are provided on the second branch; a third temperature measurement point 304 is provided on the pipeline behind the connection point of the second branch and the inlet pipeline of the left air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator. The cooling air of the second branch is connected to the inlet pipeline of the left air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator. In the drying section, the moisture in the waste needs to be quickly evaporated to improve the incineration efficiency. By introducing the waste heat in the cooling air, the temperature in the drying section is increased, accelerating the drying process of the waste. By adjusting the opening degree of the second electromagnetic valve 302 on this path, the amount of furnace wall cooling air entering this path is controlled, so that the temperature T3 of the mixed air can be effectively controlled, ensuring the best drying effect.

[0047] Air 401 entering the right air chamber of the drying section is introduced into the inlet pipeline of the right air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator. A third electromagnetic valve 402 and a fourth flow measurement point 403 are provided on the third branch; a fourth temperature measurement point 404 is provided on the pipeline behind the connection point of the third branch and the inlet pipeline of the right air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator. The cooling air of the third branch is connected to the inlet pipeline of the right air chamber of the drying section of the waste incinerator. In the drying section, the moisture in the waste needs to be quickly evaporated to improve the incineration efficiency. By introducing the waste heat in the cooling air, the temperature in the drying section is increased, accelerating the drying process of the waste. By adjusting the opening degree of the third electromagnetic valve 402 on this path, the amount of furnace wall cooling air entering this path is controlled, so that the temperature T4 of the mixed air can be effectively controlled, ensuring the best drying effect.

[0048] The fourth branch is provided with a fourth electromagnetic valve 501 and a fifth flow measurement point 502. The cooling air of the fourth branch is introduced into the garbage pit. In cold seasons or regions, the temperature in the garbage pit is often relatively low, which will affect the fermentation efficiency and quality of the garbage. By introducing the waste heat in the furnace wall cooling air, the temperature in the garbage pit has been effectively increased, creating favorable conditions for the fermentation of the garbage. The fourth electromagnetic valve 501 on this path can perform balance adjustment according to the cooling air volume at the outlet of the fan 103 and the cooling air volumes of the first three branches, ensuring the full utilization of the furnace wall cooling air while increasing the temperature of the garbage pit.

[0049] In order to maximize the benefits of the multi-effect utilization technology of the furnace wall cooling air, an intelligent monitoring system is also equipped. This system adopts remote centralized control means, integrating the control of the air valve 102, four electromagnetic valves and the fan 103, as well as the signals of each measurement point. It can monitor key parameters such as the temperature of the furnace wall cooling air, the temperature of the combustion-supporting air at the outlet of the air preheater, and the temperature of the air at the inlet of the drying section air chamber in real time, and automatically adjust the opening degrees of the air valve 102 and the four electromagnetic valves according to the changes of these parameters to ensure that the air volume of each path always remains in the optimal state. In addition, the intelligent monitoring system also has a fault warning and diagnosis function, which can issue an alarm in time when the equipment has an abnormality and provide corresponding solutions to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0050] The working method of the multi-effect utilization system for the furnace wall cooling air of this waste incinerator includes the following steps:

[0051] (1) The furnace wall cooling air enters the fan through the air valve;

[0052] (2) Set the temperature of the furnace wall cooling air at the outlet of the fan as T01, and the temperature measured by the first temperature measurement point as T1. Adjust the cooling air volume entering the fan by automatically adjusting the opening degree of the air valve, so that the temperature difference ΔT = │T1 - T01│ is minimized;

[0053] (3) Set the standard pressure at the outlet of the fan as P0, and the pressure measured by the first pressure measurement point as P1. Adjust the operating frequency of the fan automatically to make the pressure difference ΔP = │P1 - P0│ minimized;

[0054] (4) The furnace wall cooling air of the first branch is connected to the outlet of the air preheater through a pipeline: when it is necessary to increase the temperature of the combustion-supporting air, open the first electromagnetic valve; set the temperature of the combustion-supporting air after mixing as T02, and the temperature measured by the second temperature measurement point as T2. Adjust the cooling air volume for mixing by automatically adjusting the opening degree of the first electromagnetic valve to make the temperature difference ΔT = │T2 - T02│ minimized;

[0055] (5) The furnace wall cooling air of the second branch is connected to the inlet of the left air chamber in the drying section of the incinerator through a pipeline: when it is necessary to increase the temperature in the drying section, the second electromagnetic valve is opened; the temperature of the mixed air is set as T03, and the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring point is T3. The cooling air volume for mixing is adjusted by automatically regulating the opening degree of the second electromagnetic valve to minimize the temperature difference ΔT = │T3 - T03│.

[0056] (6) The furnace wall cooling air of the third branch is connected to the inlet of the right air chamber in the drying section of the incinerator through a pipeline: when it is necessary to increase the temperature in the drying section, the third electromagnetic valve is opened; the temperature of the mixed air is set as T04, and the temperature measured by the fourth temperature measuring point is T4. The cooling air volume for mixing is adjusted by automatically regulating the opening degree of the third electromagnetic valve to minimize the temperature difference ΔT = │T4 - T04│.

[0057] (7) The furnace wall cooling air of the fourth branch is connected to the garbage pit through a pipeline: the flow rates measured by the first flow measuring point, the second flow measuring point, the third flow measuring point, the fourth flow measuring point, and the fifth flow measuring point are Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, and Q5 respectively. The opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic valve is automatically regulated through the difference in flow rate ΔQ = │Q1 - Q2 - Q3 - Q4│ between the total flow rate at the fan outlet and the flow rates of each branch; when the flow rate difference ΔQ ≤ 0, the opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic valve is 0%; when the flow rate difference ΔQ > 0, the opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic valve is automatically regulated to make the Q5 value close to ΔQ.

[0058] This system can efficiently and flexibly utilize the waste heat resources of the furnace wall cooling air, specifically including:

[0059] (1) Heating the garbage storage bin: Utilize the waste heat in the furnace wall cooling air to provide a stable heat source for the garbage storage bin, ensuring that the garbage ferments under suitable temperature conditions, improving the fermentation efficiency and the quality of the garbage, and laying a good foundation for the subsequent incineration process.

[0060] (2) Preheating the combustion-supporting air: Use the heat energy in the cooling air to preheat the combustion-supporting air, increase the temperature of the combustion-supporting air, thereby enhancing the combustion efficiency, reducing the pollutants generated by incomplete combustion, and improving the environmental protection performance of the incinerator.

[0061] (3) Preheating the drying section of the garbage incinerator: By reasonably allocating the cooling air and introducing it into the drying section of the incinerator, preheat and dry the garbage entering the furnace, reduce the moisture content in the garbage, and improve the incineration efficiency and stability.

[0062] (4) Combining the flexibility and efficiency of the system: Adopt an intelligent regulation system to automatically adjust the distribution ratio and flow direction of the cooling air according to actual needs, ensure that the above three utilization methods can be organically combined, and achieve the maximum utilization of heat energy and the flexible and efficient operation of the system.

[0063] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention's design, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A working method of a multi-effect utilization system for the cooling air of a waste incinerator wall, characterized in that: The multi-effect utilization system of the waste incinerator wall cooling air is specifically as follows. On the pipeline of the wall cooling air (101) that passes through the furnace wall and cools the furnace wall, a wind valve (102) and a fan (103) are successively arranged. The pipeline of the wall cooling air (101) after the fan (103) is divided into four branches, namely the first branch connected to the outlet of the air preheater (202), the second branch connected to the inlet pipeline of the left air chamber in the drying section of the waste incinerator, the third branch connected to the inlet pipeline of the right air chamber in the drying section of the waste incinerator, and the fourth branch leading to the garbage pit. At the outlet of the fan (103), a first flow measurement point (104), a first pressure measurement point (105), and a first temperature measurement point (106) are provided; on the first branch, a first electromagnetic valve (203) and a second flow measurement point (204) are provided; on the pipeline behind the connection point of the first branch and the outlet pipeline of the air preheater (202), a second temperature measurement point (205) is provided; on the second branch, a second electromagnetic valve (302) and a third flow measurement point (303) are provided; on the pipeline behind the connection point of the second branch and the inlet pipeline of the left air chamber in the drying section of the waste incinerator, a third temperature measurement point (304) is provided; on the third branch, a third electromagnetic valve (402) and a fourth flow measurement point (403) are provided; on the pipeline behind the connection point of the third branch and the inlet pipeline of the right air chamber in the drying section of the waste incinerator, a fourth temperature measurement point (404) is provided; on the fourth branch, a fourth electromagnetic valve (501) and a fifth flow measurement point (502) are provided. It includes the following steps: (1) The wall cooling air enters the fan through the wind valve. (2) Set the temperature of the wall cooling air at the outlet of the fan as T01, and the temperature measured by the first temperature measurement point as T1. Adjust the cooling air volume entering the fan by automatically adjusting the opening of the wind valve, so that the temperature difference ΔT = │T1 - T01│ is minimized. (3) Set the standard pressure at the outlet of the fan as P0, and the pressure measured by the first pressure measurement point as P1. Adjust the operating frequency of the fan automatically to make the pressure difference ΔP = │P1 - P0│ minimized. (4) The wall cooling air in the first branch is connected to the outlet of the air preheater through the pipeline: when it is necessary to increase the temperature of the combustion-supporting air, open the first electromagnetic valve; set the temperature of the combustion-supporting air after mixing as T02, and the temperature measured by the second temperature measurement point as T2. Adjust the cooling air volume for mixing by automatically adjusting the opening of the first electromagnetic valve, so that the temperature difference ΔT = │T2 - T02│ is minimized. (5) The wall cooling air in the second branch is connected to the inlet of the left air chamber in the drying section of the incinerator through the pipeline: when it is necessary to increase the temperature in the drying section, open the second electromagnetic valve; set the temperature of the mixed air as T03, and the temperature measured by the third temperature measurement point as T3. Adjust the cooling air volume for mixing by automatically adjusting the opening of the second electromagnetic valve, so that the temperature difference ΔT = │T3 - T03│ is minimized. (6) The furnace wall cooling air of the third branch is connected to the inlet of the right air chamber in the drying section of the incinerator through a pipeline: when it is necessary to increase the temperature in the drying section, the third electromagnetic valve is opened; the set temperature of the mixed air is T04, and the temperature measured by the fourth temperature measuring point is T4. The opening degree of the third electromagnetic valve for mixing is adjusted by automatically adjusting the cooling air volume for mixing, so that the temperature difference ΔT = │T4 - T04│ is minimized; (7) The furnace wall cooling air of the fourth branch is connected to the garbage pit through a pipeline: the flow rates measured by the first flow measuring point, the second flow measuring point, the third flow measuring point, the fourth flow measuring point and the fifth flow measuring point are Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5 respectively. The opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic valve is automatically adjusted by the difference in flow rate ΔQ = │Q1 - Q2 - Q3 - Q4│ between the total flow rate at the fan outlet and the flow rates of each branch; when the flow rate difference ΔQ ≤ 0, the opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic valve is 0%; when the flow rate difference ΔQ > 0, the opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic valve is automatically adjusted to make the Q5 value close to ΔQ.

2. The working method of the multi-effect utilization system of the cooling air for the garbage incinerator wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: (201) Combustion-supporting air is introduced into the inlet of the air preheater (202).

3. The working method of the multi-effect utilization system for the cooling air of the waste incinerator wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: (301) Air entering the left air chamber in the drying section is introduced into the pipeline at the inlet of the left air chamber in the drying section of the garbage incinerator.

4. The working method of the multi-effect utilization system of the cooling air for the garbage incinerator wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: (401) Air entering the right air chamber in the drying section is introduced into the pipeline at the inlet of the right air chamber in the drying section of the garbage incinerator.

5. The working method of the multi-effect utilization system of the cooling air of the waste incinerator wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: (5) The multi-effect utilization system for the furnace wall cooling air of the garbage incinerator further includes an intelligent monitoring system, which integrates the control of the air valve (102), four electromagnetic valves and the fan (103) and the signals of each flow measuring point, temperature measuring point and pressure measuring point; monitors the temperature of the furnace wall cooling air, the temperature of the combustion-supporting air at the outlet of the air preheater and the temperature of the air at the inlet of the drying section air chamber in real time, and automatically adjusts the opening degrees of the air valve (102) and the four electromagnetic valves according to the changes of the parameters to ensure that the air volume of each path always remains in the optimal state.

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