An array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on multi-degree-of-freedom design

Abstract

The present invention provides an array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on a multi-degree-of-freedom design. The array-type underwater explosive cutting device is a regular polygonal ring structure, comprising: a plurality of array-type cutting units connected in a ring, each array-type cutting unit being provided with a support structure at the connection with the adjacent array-type cutting unit; a cavity structure being provided on the inner side of the outer shell structure, the outer shell structure and the cavity structure forming the outer shell of a shaped charge structure; buffer structures being provided on both sides of the shaped charge structure, the buffer structures being connected to the inner wall of the outer shell structure; a rotating structure and a sliding structure being provided on the outer wall of the outer shell structure, the rotating structure being rotatably connected to the shaped charge structure. The present invention achieves efficient cutting of targets with uneven thickness or dispersed structure, and can also efficiently damage flexible structures such as submarine optical cables and electric cables, or submarine structural systems with multiple extension directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater blasting, and in particular to an array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on a multi-degree-of-freedom design. Background Art

[0002] The linear shaped charge is a high-efficiency shaped charge structure. The shaped hole at one end of the main charge can concentrate the explosive energy in a certain direction, so that the charge liner forms a high-speed moving metal cutting knife under the action of the detonation pressure, thereby causing large-caliber damage to the structure. Therefore, the linear shaped charge structure is widely used in rock blasting, structural demolition, metal cutting and other fields. However, for structures with curvature such as submarine pipelines, structural systems with multiple extension directions such as submarine optical cables, or structures with a certain burial depth, the damage effect of the linear shaped charge structure is not ideal. First, the head of the linear shaped penetrator is blunted during the underwater forming process, the head speed is low, and the forming is insufficient, resulting in penetration. The penetrator has a poor destructive ability; secondly, the linear shaped charge penetrator cannot act on a target structure with curvature at the same time, resulting in uneven and unstable cutting effects, and the penetrator units farther away from the target structure may break before penetration or reduce their destructive ability under the action of the medium; and the destructive ability of the linear shaped charge penetrator is relatively uniform, which makes it difficult to achieve efficient destruction for targets with variable wall thickness structures or unevenly distributed components; in addition, the linear shaped charge structure has a relatively single molding direction, which cannot cause efficient damage to structural systems with multiple extension directions, and cannot effectively cut target structures buried under rugged seabeds. The existing solutions to the above problems and possible problems are as follows.

[0003] To address the problem of poor underwater forming effect of the penetrator, one solution in the existing technology is to arrange an inflation device between the outer wall of the liner and the target structure, that is, the cavity and the charge structure are designed independently; the other is to reserve a redundant area between the liner and the outer shell as a cavity, that is, the cavity and the charge structure are designed as an integrated whole. In the former, a part of water medium may still remain between the inflation device and the liner, especially the cone angle position, and the medium conditions during the initial forming of the penetrator will directly affect the overall forming effect, and it is not suitable for operation in deep water environment; in the latter, the outer shell and the liner at the cavity are in direct contact, forming a stress concentration area, which may cause local deformation of the liner or cracks in the explosive when the water depth is large, which is not conducive to detonation.

[0004] To address the problem of insufficient and unstable cutting of curvature target structures by the penetrator, one solution in the existing technology is to connect several linear shaped charge cutting devices in series to form a cutting ring, and another is to hinge one end of two semi-annular charge structures to form a cutting fixture. In addition, the cutting device is flexibly processed and the charge structure is bent to fit the target structure. The first method has a weaker restriction on the relative movement between shaped charge structures, and the time difference in detonation may cause large movement and deformation of the structure, reducing the detonation effect; the second shaped charge structure has a large circumferential dimension, which is not conducive to detonation transmission, and is difficult to install and process; the third method may cause plastic deformation at the connection position of the liner, and there is initial stress inside the charge structure, and the structural stability is poor.

[0005] To address the problem of uniform distribution of the penetrator's cutting ability, one solution in the existing technology is to improve the cutting ability of all shaped charge structures so that any part of the charge structure can effectively destroy the target structure with the thickest structure or the most concentrated components. The other is to improve the cutting ability of local charge structure units. The former will cause greater damage to areas with lower strength of the target structure, which is not conducive to precise cutting; the latter may change the position of the center of gravity of the structure, which is not conducive to structural fixation and is more difficult to install.

[0006] To address the problem of a single forming direction of a linear shaped charge, one of the existing technical solutions adopts a combination of multiple-segment shaped charge structures, and the other adopts an annular linear shaped charge that is formed outward in an annular direction. The former can only form a penetrator plane and cannot simultaneously penetrate target structures in multiple directions. In addition, it is difficult to rotate the shaped charge outside the structure, which is not conducive to structural stability and is difficult to achieve when the space is small. The latter can form an annular penetrator that moves radially outward, but the distribution of penetrator fragments is constrained by the initial geometric conditions, which may result in the inability to simultaneously penetrate targets with a certain burial depth and spacing, and the penetrator moving away from the structure will waste some energy. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the aforementioned technical issues surrounding the poor cutting performance of existing underwater explosive cutting devices, an array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on a multi-degree-of-freedom design is provided. This invention primarily utilizes a rotating and sliding structure to independently and precisely control the forming direction and position of each shaped charge structure, achieving efficient cutting of targets with uneven thickness or dispersed structures.

[0008] The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0009] An array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on a multi-degree-of-freedom design, the array-type underwater explosive cutting device is a regular polygonal ring structure, comprising: a plurality of array-type cutting units connected in a ring, each array-type cutting unit is provided with a support structure at the connection with the adjacent array-type cutting unit;

[0010] The array-type cutting unit includes a shaped charge structure, a cavity structure, a shell structure, a buffer structure, a damping structure, a rotating structure, a sliding structure and an initiating device;

[0011] The direction toward the center of the array cutting unit is the inner side, and the direction away from the center of the array cutting unit is the outer side; a cavity structure is provided on the inner side of the shell structure, and the shell structure and the cavity structure form the shell of the shaped charge structure. Buffer structures are provided on both sides of the shaped charge structure, and the buffer structures are connected to the inner wall of the shell structure.

[0012] A rotating structure and a sliding structure are provided on the outer wall of the shell structure. The rotating structure is rotatably connected to the shaped charge structure, and the sliding structure is provided on the side of the rotating structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the array-type underwater explosive cutting device is a regular octagonal ring structure, including eight array-type cutting units and eight supporting structures.

[0014] Furthermore, a partition is provided in the middle of the shell structure, the left and right sides of the shell are outer flanges, a shaped charge structure is provided on both sides of the partition respectively, a buffer structure is provided on both sides of the shaped charge structure, the buffer structures on both sides are respectively connected to the partition and the outer flange, the buffer structure is a flat plate made of buffering energy-absorbing material, a window is provided on the outer surface of the shell, and the shaped charge structure is rotatably connected to the rotating structure through the window.

[0015] Furthermore, the cavity structure includes an expansion shell, and the expansion shell and the outer wall of the shell structure constitute the shell of the shaped charge structure. The two sides of the expansion shell are connected with inner flanges, and the inner flanges and the outer flanges of the shell structure constitute the two end flanges of the entire array cutting unit. The inner side of the expansion shell protrudes toward the center with a limiting inner shell, and the limiting inner shell is in contact with the charge shell.

[0016] Furthermore, the shaped charge structure includes a cylindrical charge shell, a gear structure is provided on the outer wall of the charge shell, the gear structure is engaged with the bidirectional rack through a window, a charge liner is provided inside the charge shell, the charge liner divides the interior of the charge shell into a charge area and an air area, and the main charge is provided in the charge area.

[0017] Furthermore, the charge liner is in one of the following shapes: hemispherical, spherical, and conical, and the material of the charge liner is copper or lead-antimony alloy.

[0018] Furthermore, when the target to be cut is an exposed structure and the cutting device needs to be placed outside the target, two semi-circular cutting devices are first assembled and assembled at the underwater structure location; when the target to be cut has a certain buried depth, the complete cutting device can be directly placed above the target to be cut;

[0019] First, the height of each supporting structure is adjusted according to the actual working environment so that each array cutting unit is parallel to the target structure. Then, the rotating structure is adjusted according to the target position, and the forming direction of the penetrator is adjusted to the cutting direction. Then, the sliding structure is adjusted according to the target geometric characteristics. Finally, the detonating device is used to control all array cutting units to detonate simultaneously.

[0020] Furthermore, the rotating structure includes a bidirectional rack, the lower part of the bidirectional rack is engaged with the gear structure, the left and right sides of the bidirectional rack are engaged with the adjusting gear, the upper and lower parts of the bidirectional rack are provided with through holes, and a limiting column is arranged through the through hole, and the limiting column is used to limit the up and down movement of the bidirectional rack.

[0021] Furthermore, the sliding structure includes positioning plates, and the two positioning plates are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the gear structure. The positioning plates are arranged on the slide rails, and the positioning plates are connected to the adjustment rods.

[0022] Furthermore, the supporting structure includes a flange structure, which is connected to both ends of the outer flange and the inner flange. A fixed structure for adjusting the height is provided at the lower part of the flange structure. An inner rod is provided at the bottom of the flange structure, and an outer rod is provided at the top of the fixed structure. A series of through holes are opened on the inner rod and the outer rod, and the through holes of the inner rod are connected to the outer rod through a limiting device.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] The present invention proposes an array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on a multi-degree-of-freedom design, which consists of eight identical array-type cutting units and a support structure. Each cutting unit can be equipped with two shaped charge structures. The rotating structure and the sliding structure can independently and accurately control the forming direction and forming position of each shaped charge structure, thereby achieving efficient cutting of targets with uneven thickness or dispersed structure. It can also effectively damage flexible structures such as submarine optical cables and electrical cables, or submarine structural systems with multiple extension directions. The buffer structure and the damping structure can reduce direct collision between the cutting device and the outer shell during transportation and deployment, thereby protecting the internal structure of the cutting device. The limiting inner shell of the cavity structure can limit the movement of the shaped charge structure in a direction perpendicular to the array-type cutting unit, and the expanded outer shell can ensure that the shaped charge structure can be fully formed in all directions. The double-layer shell design of the cavity structure has high strength, which is conducive to deep-water operation of the cutting device. The height of each support structure can be independently adjusted to ensure that the cutting device has a good initial posture under complex terrain conditions. The cutting device has high safety and high production efficiency, can cope with the influence of wave and current loads on the forming and damage effect of the penetrator, and has good environmental adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cutting device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the array cutting unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a left view of the array cutting unit of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shaped charge structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the array cutting unit of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the supporting structure of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Array cutting unit; 2. Support structure; 11. Shaped charge structure; 12. Cavity structure; 13. Shell structure; 14. Buffer structure; 15. Damping structure; 16. Rotation structure; 17. Sliding structure; 111. Main charge; 112. Charge shell; 113. Charge liner; 114. Gear structure; 121. Limiting inner shell; 122. Expansion shell; 123. Inner flange; 124. Groove; 131. Partition; 132. Outer wall; 133. Boss; 134. Outer flange; 135. Window; 161. Bidirectional rack; 162. Adjusting gear; 163. Limiting column; 171. Slide rail; 172. Positioning plate; 173. Adjusting rod; 21. Flange structure; 22. Fixed structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0038] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0040] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0041] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1-8As shown, the present invention provides an array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on multi-degree-of-freedom design, wherein the array-type underwater explosive cutting device is a regular polygonal ring structure, comprising: a plurality of array-type cutting units 1 connected in a ring, each array-type cutting unit 1 being provided with a support structure at the connection between the adjacent array-type cutting unit 1; the array-type underwater explosive cutting device is a regular octagonal ring structure, comprising eight array-type cutting units 1 and eight support structures.

[0043] The array cutting unit 1 includes a shaped charge structure 11, a cavity structure 12, a shell structure 13, a buffer structure 14, a damping structure 15, a rotating structure 16, a sliding structure 17 and a detonating device;

[0044] Since underwater blasting operations lack shelter protection, they can easily pose a threat to the life safety of the blasting personnel. Therefore, a remote-controlled blasting device is used. The remote-controlled detonator can be arranged on both sides of the partition 131 or inside the outer flange 134. Remote-controlled blasting is carried out after the underwater explosive cutting device is deployed and controlled.

[0045] The direction toward the center of the array cutting unit 1 is the inner side, and the direction away from the center of the array cutting unit 1 is the outer side; a cavity structure 12 is provided on the inner side of the shell structure 13, and the shell structure 13 and the cavity structure 12 form the shell of the shaped charge structure 11. Buffer structures 14 are provided on both sides of the shaped charge structure 11, and the buffer structures 14 are connected to the inner wall of the shell structure 13.

[0046] A rotating structure 16 and a sliding structure 17 are provided on the outer wall 132 of the shell structure 13 . The rotating structure 16 is rotatably connected to the shaped charge structure 11 , and the sliding structure 17 is provided on a side of the rotating structure 16 .

[0047] A partition 131 is provided in the middle of the outer shell structure 13, and the left and right sides of the outer shell are outer flanges 134. A shaped charge structure 11 is provided on both sides of the partition 131, and a buffer structure 14 is provided on both sides of the shaped charge structure 11. The buffer structures 14 on both sides are respectively connected to the partition 131 and the outer flange 134. The buffer structure 14 is a flat plate made of buffering energy-absorbing material. A window 135 is provided on the outer surface of the outer shell, and the shaped charge structure 11 is rotatably connected to the rotating structure 16 through the window 135.

[0048] The cavity structure 12 includes an expansion shell 122, and the expansion shell 122 and the outer wall 132 of the shell structure 13 constitute the shell of the shaped charge structure 11. The two sides of the expansion shell 122 are connected with inner flanges 123, and the inner flange 123 and the outer flange 134 of the shell structure 13 constitute the two end flanges of the entire array cutting unit 1. The inner side of the expansion shell 122 protrudes toward the center with a limiting inner shell 121, and the limiting inner shell 121 is in contact with the charge shell 112.

[0049] The shaped charge structure 11 includes a cylindrical charge shell 112. A gear tooth structure 114 is provided on the outer wall 132 of the charge shell 112. The gear tooth structure 114 engages with a bidirectional rack 161 through a window 135. A liner 113 is provided within the charge shell 112. The liner 113 divides the interior of the charge shell 112 into a charge zone and an air zone. The charge zone contains the main charge 111. The liner 113 is one of hemispherical, spherical, or conical shapes and is made of copper or a lead-antimony alloy.

[0050] When the target to be cut is an exposed structure and the cutting device needs to be placed outside the target, first assemble two semi-circular cutting devices and complete the assembly at the underwater structure location; when the target to be cut has a certain buried depth, the complete cutting device can be directly placed above the target to be cut;

[0051] First, the height of each supporting structure is adjusted according to the actual working environment so that each array cutting unit is parallel to the target structure. Then, the rotating structure 16 is adjusted according to the target position to adjust the forming direction of the penetrator to the cutting direction. Then, the sliding structure 17 is adjusted according to the target geometric characteristics. Finally, the detonating device is used to control all array cutting units 1 to detonate simultaneously.

[0052] The rotating structure 16 includes a bidirectional rack 161, the lower portion of which is engaged with the gear structure 114, and the left and right sides of the bidirectional rack 161 are engaged with the adjusting gear 162. The upper and lower portions of the bidirectional rack 161 are provided with through holes, and a limiting column 163 is provided through the through hole. The limiting column 163 is used to limit the up and down movement of the bidirectional rack 161.

[0053] The sliding structure 17 includes positioning plates 172 . Two positioning plates 172 are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the gear structure 114 . The positioning plates 172 are disposed on the slide rails 171 and are connected to the adjustment rods 173 .

[0054] The supporting structure includes a flange structure 21, which is connected to the flanges at both ends of the array cutting unit 1 composed of an outer flange 134 and an inner flange 123. A fixed structure 22 for adjusting the height is provided at the lower part of the flange structure 21. An inner rod is provided at the bottom of the flange structure 21, and an outer rod is provided at the top of the fixed structure 22. A series of through holes are opened on the inner rod and the outer rod, and the through holes of the inner rod are connected to the outer rod through a limiting device.

[0055] The present invention mainly comprises an array-type cutting unit and a support structure. The array-type cutting unit mainly comprises a shaped charge structure 11, a cavity structure 12, an outer shell structure 13, a buffer structure 14, a damping structure 15, a rotating structure 16, a sliding structure 17, and an initiating device. The shaped charge structure comprises a main charge, a charge shell, a liner, and a gear structure; the outer shell structure comprises a partition, an outer wall, a boss, and an outer flange; the cavity structure comprises a limiting inner shell, an expansion outer shell, and an inner flange; the rotating structure comprises a bidirectional rack and an adjustment gear; the slide rail device comprises a slideway, a positioning plate, and an adjustment rod; and the support structure comprises a flange structure and a fixing structure.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the cutting device is a ring structure consisting of eight array-type cutting units 1 and a support structure 2. The installation method of the cutting device can be selected according to the location of the target structure. When the target is an exposed structure and the cutting device needs to be arranged outside the structure, two semi-annular cutting devices are preferably assembled, and the final assembly is completed at the underwater structure location. If the target has a certain burial depth, the complete cutting device can be directly placed above the structure. First, the height of each supporting structure is adjusted according to the actual working environment so that each array cutting unit is parallel to the target structure. Then, the rotation structure is adjusted according to the target position to adjust the penetrator forming direction to the cutting direction. Then, the sliding structure is adjusted according to the geometric characteristics such as the target thickness and component distribution to enhance the local damage effect of the cutting unit. Finally, the remote control detonator controls all array-type cutting units to detonate simultaneously to achieve efficient damage to the target.

[0057] Array cutting unit 1 Figure 2-3 As shown, a partition 131 is provided in the middle of the outer shell structure 13 of the array-type cutting unit 1. Spring damping structures 15 are connected to both sides of the partition 131 and the inner side of the outer flange 134 of the outer shell structure 13. The other end of the spring is connected to the buffer structure 14, which is a flat plate made of buffering energy-absorbing material. A shaped charge structure 11 is arranged between the buffer structure 14 on each side of the partition 131, and a window 135 is provided on the outer side of the outer shell structure 13 to facilitate the cooperation between the rotating structure 16 and the sliding structure 17 and the shaped charge structure 11. At the same time, the size of the window 135 can limit the rotation angle range of the shaped charge structure 11.

[0058] The array-type cutting unit cavity structure 12 mainly includes a limiting inner shell 121, an expansion outer shell 122, and inner flanges 123 on both sides that match the size of the outer shell structure. When installing the array-type cutting unit 1, the shaped charge structure 11 is first installed in the outer shell structure 13, and then the cavity structure 12 is installed. A groove is provided on the inner side of the expansion outer shell 122 of the cavity structure 12, which cooperates with the boss 133 on the outer side of the outer wall 132 of the outer shell structure 13 and is fixed by bolts. The limiting inner shell 121 of the cavity structure 12 is in contact with the charge outer shell 112 of the shaped charge structure 11, which can limit the displacement of the shaped charge structure in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the array-type cutting unit. In actual working conditions, a waterproof structure such as a rubber pad can also be arranged at the connection between the cavity structure 12 and the outer shell structure 13 to improve the overall watertightness of the cutting device.

[0059] Shaped charge structure Figure 4 As shown, the cylindrical shell structure design of the charge shell 112 can enable the shaped charge structure to rotate within a limited area. The charge shell 112 is provided with a gear structure 114, which can adjust the rotation direction of the shaped charge structure 11 by cooperating with the rack of the rotating structure 16. The distribution of the shaped charge structure 11 can be adjusted by cooperating with the positioning plate 172 of the sliding structure 17. The liner 113 fits tightly with the main charge 111. The structure of the liner 113 can be selected according to the cutting object, such as hemispherical, spherical, conical, etc. The material of the liner 113 can be made of copper, lead-antimony alloy, etc. There is an air area between the liner 113 and the charge shell 112 to provide medium conditions for the initial formation of the penetrator.

[0060] The rotating structure 16 of the array cutting unit 1 is as follows Figure 5-6 As shown, the inner side of the bidirectional rack 161 cooperates with the gear structure 114 on the charge shell 112 of the shaped charge structure, and the outer side cooperates with two adjustment gears 162. The limit posts 163 on the bidirectional rack 161 can limit the maximum displacement on both sides of the bidirectional rack 161. The two adjustment gears 162 have different geometric parameters and jointly coordinate to control the rotation angle of the shaped charge structure 1. When the adjustment gear 162 is rotated, the bidirectional rack 161 is displaced accordingly, driving the gear structure inside the bidirectional rack 161, thereby causing the shaped charge structure 11 to rotate. At the same time, the adjustment gear 162 has a scale, which can directly convert the target structure depth into the rotation angle of the shaped charge, thereby achieving precise control of directional cutting.

[0061] The sliding structure 17 of the array cutting unit 1 is as follows Figure 7As shown, the adjustment rod 173 controls the movement of the positioning plate 172 on the slide rail 171. The scale lines on the slide rail 171 can accurately control the axial position of the shaped charge structure 11. During the transportation and arrangement of the cutting device, a certain space is provided between the positioning plate 173 and the shaped charge structure 11 to enable the buffer structure 14 and the damping structure 15 to function as a shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing structure. After the cutting device reaches the target position, the sliding device is adjusted according to the target geometric characteristics to complete the positioning of the shaped charge structure.

[0062] Support structure 2 such as Figure 8 As shown, a series of threaded holes are provided on the flange structure 21, which cooperate with the outer flange 134 of the shaped charge shell structure 13 and the inner flange 123 of the cavity structure 12. An inner rod is provided at the bottom of the flange structure 21, and an outer rod is provided at the top of the fixed structure 22. A series of through holes are provided on the inner rod and the outer rod, which are fixed by limiting structures such as bolts, and the height of the support structure can be adjusted by changing the fixed position.

[0063] The upper and lower sides of the limiting inner shell 121 have wedge-shaped limiting structures with curved inner walls. On the one hand, they can limit the radial movement of the shaped charge structure 11 inside the outer shell, and on the other hand, they will not affect the rotation of the shaped charge structure 11, creating conditions for precise control of the rotation angle of the shaped charge.

[0064] The present invention is mainly used for the efficient cutting of marine structures such as underwater pipe racks, underwater storage facilities, submarine pipelines, submarine optical cables, etc. that are exposed or have a certain burial depth. For structures with large radial dimensions such as submarine pipelines, the present invention can be arranged on the outer surface of the structure; for submarine optical cables or structures with a certain burial depth, the present invention can be arranged on the seabed above the structure, and all array-type cutting units can be instantly detonated by simultaneous detonation to form a high-speed directional concentrated energy penetrator, which can effectively cut the target structure.

[0065] The liner 113 of the shaped charge structure 11 is rapidly deformed, crushed and flipped under the action of the detonation wave, and gradually elongated under the action of the velocity gradient, gradually forming a directional shaped charge penetrator with high head velocity and strong penetration ability inside the cavity.

[0066] The cutting device is assembled using an array of cutting units, which can independently adjust the axial position and rotation angle of each shaped charge structure. By adjusting the distribution of the shaped charge structure, it can achieve efficient damage to non-uniform structures. By changing the forming direction of the penetrator, it can achieve efficient cutting of structural systems buried under rugged seabeds. The cavity structure of the charge liner can provide good medium conditions for the shaped charge structure, improving the forming effect and damage capability of the penetrator in deep water environments. The shock-absorbing and damping structures can prevent violent collisions between the shaped charge structure and the walls of various structures during the underwater transportation and deployment of the cutting device. The cutting device can be deployed manually or using a small UUV.

[0067] In summary, the present invention proposes an array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on multi-degree-of-freedom design, which can adjust the forming direction and forming position of the shaped charge penetrator to achieve precise spatial distribution of the penetrator load. The cutting device can efficiently cut underwater exposed structures and structures with a certain burial depth, and can perform deep-water operations.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on multi-degree-of-freedom design, characterized in that: The array-type underwater explosive cutting device is a regular polygonal ring structure, comprising: a plurality of array-type cutting units (1) connected in a ring shape, wherein a support structure is provided at the connection between each array-type cutting unit (1) and the adjacent array-type cutting unit (1); The array-type cutting unit (1) comprises a shaped charge structure (11), a cavity structure (12), a shell structure (13), a buffer structure (14), a damping structure (15), a rotating structure (16), a sliding structure (17), and a detonating device; The shaped charge structure (11) includes a cylindrical charge shell (112), an outer wall (132) of the charge shell (112) is provided with a gear structure (114), the gear structure (114) is meshed with a bidirectional rack (161) through a window (135), a charge liner (113) is provided inside the charge shell (112), and the charge liner (113) divides the interior of the charge shell (112) into a charge area and an air area, and a main charge (111) is provided in the charge area; The rotating structure (16) includes a bidirectional rack (161), the lower portion of the bidirectional rack (161) is meshed with the gear structure (114), the left and right sides of the bidirectional rack (161) are meshed with the adjustment gear (162), the upper and lower portions of the bidirectional rack (161) are provided with through holes, and a limiting column (163) is provided through the through hole, and the limiting column (163) is used to limit the up and down movement of the bidirectional rack (161); The sliding structure (17) includes positioning plates (172), two positioning plates (172) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the gear structure (114), the positioning plates (172) are arranged on the slide rail (171), and the positioning plates (172) are connected to the adjustment rod (173); The direction toward the center of the array-type cutting unit (1) is the inner side, and the direction away from the center of the array-type cutting unit (1) is the outer side; a cavity structure (12) is provided on the inner side of the shell structure (13); the shell structure (13) and the cavity structure (12) form the shell of the shaped charge structure (11); a window (135) is provided on the outer surface of the shell; buffer structures (14) are provided on both sides of the shaped charge structure (11); the buffer structures (14) are connected to the inner wall of the shell structure (13). A rotating structure (16) and a sliding structure (17) are provided on the outer wall (132) of the shell structure (13); the rotating structure (16) is rotatably connected to the shaped charge structure (11); and the sliding structure (17) is provided on the side of the rotating structure (16).

2. The array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on multi-degree-of-freedom design according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The array-type underwater explosive cutting device is a regular octagonal ring structure, comprising eight array-type cutting units (1) and eight supporting structures.

3. The array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on multi-degree-of-freedom design according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A partition (131) is provided in the middle of the shell structure (13), and the left and right sides of the shell are outer flanges (134). A shaped charge structure (11) is provided on both sides of the partition (131), and a buffer structure (14) is provided on both sides of the shaped charge structure (11). The buffer structures (14) on both sides are respectively connected to the partition (131) and the outer flange (134). The buffer structure (14) is a flat plate made of a buffering energy-absorbing material. The shaped charge structure (11) is rotatably connected to the rotating structure (16) through a window (135).

4. The array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on multi-degree-of-freedom design according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The cavity structure (12) includes an expansion shell (122), and the expansion shell (122) and the outer wall (132) of the shell structure (13) form the shell of the shaped charge structure (11). The two sides of the expansion shell (122) are connected with inner flanges (123), and the inner flanges (123) and the outer flanges (134) of the shell structure (13) form the two end flanges of the entire array cutting unit (1). The inner side of the expansion shell (122) protrudes toward the center with a limited inner shell (121), and the limited inner shell (121) is in contact with the charge shell (112).

5. The array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on multi-degree-of-freedom design according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liner (113) is in one of the following shapes: hemispherical, spherical, and conical. The material of the liner (113) is copper or lead-antimony alloy.

6. The array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on multi-degree-of-freedom design according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the target to be cut is an exposed structure and the cutting device needs to be placed outside the target, first assemble two semi-circular cutting devices and complete the assembly at the underwater structure location; when the target to be cut has a certain buried depth, the complete cutting device can be directly placed above the target to be cut; First, the height of each supporting structure is adjusted according to the actual working environment so that each array cutting unit is parallel to the target structure. Then, the rotating structure (16) is adjusted according to the target position to adjust the forming direction of the penetrator to the cutting direction. Then, the sliding structure (17) is adjusted according to the target geometric characteristics. Finally, the detonating device is used to control all the array cutting units (1) to detonate simultaneously.

7. The array-type underwater explosive cutting device based on multi-degree-of-freedom design according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The supporting structure includes a flange structure (21), the flange structure (21) is connected to both ends of the outer flange (134) and the inner flange (123), a fixing structure (22) for adjusting the height is provided at the lower portion of the flange structure (21), an inner rod is provided at the bottom of the flange structure (21), an outer rod is provided at the top of the fixing structure (22), a series of through holes are opened on the inner rod and the outer rod, and the through holes of the inner rod are connected to the outer rod through a limiting device.

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