Broadband digital active radio frequency decoy and jamming method and method for increasing instantaneous bandwidth and frequency band

Abstract

The present invention proposes a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare and jamming method, as well as a method for increasing instantaneous bandwidth and frequency band. The decoy flare includes: a thermal battery located at the rear of the decoy flare, which provides an energy source for the decoy flare; a high-isolation transceiver antenna located at the front of the decoy flare, which includes a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna having opposite polarization directions; and a main control system located in the middle of the decoy flare, which includes a radio frequency board, a data processing board, and a secondary power supply board. The radio frequency board processes external signals acquired by the receiving antenna, and the data processing board processes signal data received from the radio frequency board. The decoy flare provided by the present invention has a compact overall structure, can effectively increase airspace coverage, and can achieve high-bandwidth signal processing in a small volume.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic countermeasures, and in particular to a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb and an interference method, and a method for increasing instantaneous bandwidth and frequency band. Background Art

[0002] In modern electronic information warfare, the interplay of attack, defense, interference, and confrontation between enemy and friendly radar guidance systems and aircraft platforms has become crucial for the fight for air superiority, even determining the battlefield situation to a certain extent. Active RF decoys play a crucial role in this effort. Through reconnaissance, suppression, and deception, combined with various strategies and application scenarios such as platform self-defense, auxiliary attack, and electronic camouflage, they disrupt enemy radar guidance or seeker tracking, depleting enemy attack resources and protecting the aircraft platform.

[0003] Compared to traditional decoys, broadband digital active RF decoys represent the development direction of modern electronic warfare equipment, achieving higher frequency coverage, intelligent operation, and dynamic jamming capabilities. With the continuous advancement of warfare technology and radar systems, broadband digital active RF decoys have become a key equipment for enhancing combat effectiveness and ensuring military survivability, gradually replacing traditional decoys in many modern combat scenarios.

[0004] The development of broadband digital active RF decoys has not only enhanced the self-protection capabilities of carrier aircraft but also promoted advancements in related technologies such as digital RF memory and miniaturized electronic devices, profoundly impacting the field of modern military electronics. However, existing broadband digital active RF decoys suffer from limited airspace coverage and bandwidth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb and interference method and a method for increasing instantaneous bandwidth and frequency band.

[0006] The present invention provides a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare, comprising: a thermal battery located at the rear of the decoy flare, used to provide an energy source for the decoy flare; a high-isolation transceiver antenna located at the front end of the decoy flare, the high-isolation transceiver antenna comprising a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna having opposite polarization directions; a main control system located in the middle of the decoy flare, the main control system comprising a radio frequency board, a data processing board and a secondary power supply board, the radio frequency board being used to process external signals acquired by the receiving antenna, and the data processing board being used to process signal data received from the radio frequency board.

[0007] Optionally, the RF board includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit; wherein, the receiving unit includes a broadband low-noise amplifier and a down-converter, the broadband low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the signal obtained from the receiving antenna, and the down-converter is used to convert the amplified signal into a baseband signal, and the baseband signal is high-speed serial data; the transmitting unit includes an up-converter, and the up-converter is used to convert the baseband signal into a signal of the original RF frequency.

[0008] Optionally, the data processing board includes: a digital-to-analog conversion unit, a data storage unit, and a control unit; wherein the digital-to-analog conversion unit includes a digital-to-analog converter and an analog-to-digital converter; the data storage unit includes a data distributor and a memory, the data distributor is used to convert the high-speed serial data obtained from the downconverter into low-speed parallel data that matches the write time of the memory and stores it to a specified memory address, and the memory is used to store processed waveform data; the control unit includes a controller for controlling the reading and writing of signal data in the memory.

[0009] Optionally, the data distributor is further configured to perform secondary modulation on at least one of the amplitude, phase and Doppler frequency deviation parameters of the waveform stored in the memory.

[0010] Optionally, the broadband digital active RF decoy bomb also includes: a plurality of folding wings, with each two folding wings being arranged in a group on one side of the thermal battery, wherein the first end of each folding wing is connected to the thermal battery, and the second ends of the two folding wings located on the same side of the thermal battery are connected to each other, and after the broadband digital active RF decoy is launched, the second end of the folding wing moves away from the other folding wing.

[0011] Optionally, the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb further includes: an interference source, which is used to transmit interference signals to external targets.

[0012] Optionally, a polarization isolation device is provided at the rear end of the receiving antenna and the front end of the transmitting antenna, and the polarization isolation device includes an orthogonal mode converter.

[0013] Optionally, the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb further includes: an infrared simulation source for simulating the infrared characteristics of the target through thermal radiation.

[0014] The present invention also provides an interference method using a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare, comprising the following steps: providing an aircraft equipped with a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare, launching the decoy flare through a foil strip or infrared decoy flare projector on the aircraft to obtain a radar signal of an external target, wherein the radar signal has an original radio frequency frequency; the radar signal is connected to the decoy flare through a receiving antenna in a high-isolation transceiver antenna; amplifying the radar signal and converting it into a baseband signal through a broadband low-noise amplifier and a down-converter in sequence, wherein the baseband signal is a first analog signal; converting the first analog signal into a first digital signal through a digital-to-analog converter, wherein the first digital signal is high-speed serial data; and converting the first digital signal into a serial data signal corresponding to a memory write time by a data distributor. A matching second digital signal is obtained and stored in a specified memory address, wherein the second digital signal is low-speed parallel data; the signal data stored in the memory is subjected to secondary modulation of amplitude, phase, and Doppler frequency deviation parameters by the data distributor to obtain a third digital signal, wherein the third digital signal is low-speed parallel data; the third digital signal is read out by a controller in the decoy bomb; the third digital signal is converted into a fourth digital signal by the data distributor, wherein the fourth digital signal is high-speed serial data; the fourth digital signal is converted into a second analog signal by an analog-to-digital converter; the second analog signal is converted into a signal with an original radio frequency frequency by an up-converter; and the signal with the original radio frequency frequency is sent to an external target by a transmitting antenna.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for increasing the instantaneous bandwidth of a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare, comprising the following steps: the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare receives an external radio frequency signal, wherein the center frequency of the radio frequency signal is f MHz and the bandwidth is B MHz; the external radio frequency signal is divided into two paths by a power divider in the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare: a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, wherein the frequency of the first sub-signal is f1 and the frequency of the second sub-signal is f2; the local oscillator is controlled by a first frequency code to generate a frequency of f1=fB / 2MHz, and the local oscillator is controlled by a second frequency code to generate a frequency of f2=f+B / 2MHz, and after processing, the input frequency ranges of the first sub-signal and the second sub-signal are [-B / 2, 0] and [0, B / 2] respectively; and the first sub-signal and the second sub-signal are mixed into intermediate frequency signals with the same bandwidth of B / 2MHz.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for increasing the frequency band of a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb, comprising the following steps: when a signal is input, a receiving antenna introduces the received broadband bandwidth signal into a 90° bridge, and divides the received broadband bandwidth signal into two broadband radio frequency signals according to power, wherein the two broadband radio frequency signals include a first low-frequency signal and a first high-frequency signal; the first low-frequency signal and the first high-frequency signal are mixed into intermediate frequency signals of the same bandwidth and stored; when a signal is output, the signal to be output includes a first intermediate frequency signal to be output as a low-frequency signal and a second intermediate frequency signal to be output as a high-frequency signal, wherein the first intermediate frequency signal is a signal that can be directly processed by an analog-to-digital converter, and the first intermediate frequency signal is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal by the analog-to-digital converter to obtain a second low-frequency signal; the second intermediate frequency signal is up-converted by the local oscillator of the decoy bomb, and the second intermediate frequency signal is modulated into a second high-frequency signal having the original radio frequency frequency; the second low-frequency signal and the second high-frequency signal are mixed by a 90° bridge; and the mixed signal is output by a transmitting antenna.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a broadband digital active RF decoy and jamming method. By sequentially arranging a thermal battery, a main control system, and forward and backward high-isolation transceiver antennas, the overall structure is compact, effectively increasing airspace coverage. The present invention also provides a method for increasing the instantaneous bandwidth and frequency band of the broadband digital active RF decoy. This method splits the broadband signal into two broadband RF signals, then mixes them into the same broadband intermediate frequency signal, achieving signal folding and combining, thereby enabling high-bandwidth signal processing within a compact package. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the thermal battery and the folding wings in the closed state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 4This is a structural diagram of the connection between the thermal battery and the folding wings in a working state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a polarization isolation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of using a vector network analyzer to improve the transmit and receive isolation of a broadband digital active RF decoy bomb according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the working principle of a method for increasing the instantaneous bandwidth of a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a method for increasing the frequency band of a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0030] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used, such as "upper" and "lower", generally refer to the upper and lower parts of the device in normal use, and "inside" and "outside" refer to the outline of the device. In addition, the terms "first, second, and third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first, second, and third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. The present invention is an electrical device, so connection and interconnection both refer to conductive interconnection. Since the accompanying drawings are descriptions of the same device, the same numbers in the drawings represent the same components.

[0031] In order to provide a further understanding of the purpose, structure, features and functions of the present invention, specific examples of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] The present invention provides a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare, comprising: a thermal battery located at the rear of the decoy flare, used to provide an energy source for the decoy flare; a high-isolation transceiver antenna located at the front end of the decoy flare, the high-isolation transceiver antenna comprising a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna having opposite polarization directions; a main control system located in the middle of the decoy flare, the main control system comprising a radio frequency board, a data processing board and a secondary power supply board, the radio frequency board being used to process external signals acquired by the receiving antenna, and the data processing board being used to process signal data received from the radio frequency board.

[0033] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare in the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown in the figure, the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare includes a thermal battery 10, a high isolation transceiver antenna 20 and a main control system 30.

[0034] The thermal battery 10 provides the energy source for the entire decoy flare. Because the broadband digital active RF decoy flare requires extended operation in airspace and consumes significant power, the thermal battery ensures autonomous operation without an external power source, making it suitable for high-intensity environments. In some embodiments, the thermal battery can provide instantaneous and stable current output, meeting the device's high instantaneous power requirements.

[0035] The high-isolation transceiver antenna is designed to efficiently transmit and receive RF signals, and features high front-to-back isolation to prevent interference between transmitted and received signals. The high-isolation transceiver antenna design utilizes a high-isolation structure to prevent interference between the transmit and receive frequency bands. This allows the device to operate simultaneously in multiple directions and frequency bands, enhancing its airspace coverage.

[0036] Specifically, in the disclosed embodiment, the high-isolation transceiver antenna 20 includes a receiving antenna 210 and a transmitting antenna 220. The receiving antenna 210 and the transmitting antenna 220 have opposite polarization directions. For example, in one embodiment, the receiving antenna uses vertical polarization, and the transmitting antenna uses horizontal polarization. In another embodiment, the receiving antenna uses left-hand circular polarization, and the transmitting antenna uses right-hand circular polarization, or vice versa. This disclosure is not limited in this regard.

[0037] The main control system 30 includes a radio frequency board 310, a data processing board 320, and a secondary power supply board 330. The radio frequency board 310 is used to generate and process radio frequency signals, mainly used to generate broadband signals and send them out after modulation. At the same time, it can receive radio frequency signals from external devices and realize signal interaction with the outside world. It is the core functional part of the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb. Specifically, the radio frequency board 310 includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit, such as Figure 2 As shown, the receiving unit includes a broadband low-noise amplifier and a downconverter. The broadband low-noise amplifier acquires and amplifies the signal from the receiving antenna, and the downconverter converts the amplified signal into a baseband signal. The transmitting unit includes an upconverter, which is used to convert the baseband signal into a second RF signal at the original RF frequency. In the disclosed embodiment, when the receiving antenna receives a first external RF signal, the broadband low-noise amplifier amplifies the received first RF signal; then, the downconverter converts the first RF signal into a baseband signal.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 The data processing board 320 includes a digital-to-analog conversion unit, a data storage unit, and a control unit. It is responsible for processing the data received from the radio frequency board 310, performing necessary data demodulation and processing, and controlling the transmission of radio frequency signals. The digital-to-analog conversion unit includes a digital-to-analog converter and an analog-to-digital converter, and the data storage unit includes a data distributor and a memory. The data distributor is used to convert the high-speed serial data obtained from the downconverter into low-speed parallel data that matches the write time of the memory and stores it in a specified memory address. The memory is used to store processed waveform data; the control unit includes a controller for controlling the reading and writing of signal data in the memory. The data processing board 320 can quickly process large amounts of data, ensure the real-time nature of signal processing, and thus achieve efficient data flow and control.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the main control system 30 also includes a secondary power supply board 330, which provides a stable power supply for the main control system 30 to ensure the normal operation of the main control system 30. The secondary power supply board 330 can further stabilize the power provided by the thermal battery 10 and provide different voltages and currents required by different units.

[0040] In some embodiments, the data distributor is further configured to perform secondary modulation of amplitude, phase, and Doppler frequency deviation parameters on the waveform stored in the memory.

[0041] For example, in one specific embodiment, the broadband digital active RF decoy flare is very small and is launched via an aircraft's chaff or infrared decoy launcher. After launch, the broadband digital active RF decoy flare begins operating within 1 second. Enemy radar signals enter the decoy flare through the receiving antenna in the high-isolation transceiver antenna. The incoming radar signal passes through the broadband low-noise amplifier and downconverter to baseband, where it is converted to digital form by the digital-to-analog converter. The data distributor then converts the high-speed serial data into low-speed parallel data that matches the memory's write time and stores it at a designated memory address. Simultaneously, the data distributor performs secondary modulation of the stored waveform using additional parameters such as amplitude, phase, and Doppler frequency deviation according to a designed jamming strategy, thereby achieving multiple functions such as RCS simulation, relative position simulation, and velocity simulation. The broadband digital active RF decoy flare can accurately replicate the characteristics of enemy radar signals, including carrier frequency, pulse repetition frequency, and pulse width, thereby creating a false target that resembles a real target on the enemy radar. Once launched, the broadband digital active RF decoy flare operates autonomously, requiring no continuous manual control. This reduces the flare's reliance on the carrier aircraft and improves operational efficiency. After simulating a decoy target, the controller selects the correct memory address, reads the signal data from the memory, and converts the low-speed parallel data into high-speed serial data via a data selector. The digital signal is then converted to analog form via an analog-to-digital converter. The signal is then up-converted to the original RF frequency using the same local oscillator used for down-conversion. The signal is then transmitted to the enemy via the transmitting antenna. This completes the processing of the original signal. The controller allows for various operating modes to meet diverse application requirements.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb further includes a plurality of folding wings 40, such as Figure 3 As shown, each two folding wings 40 form a group and are arranged on one side of the thermal battery 10, wherein the first end of each folding wing 40 is connected to the thermal battery 10, and the second ends of the two folding wings 40 on the same side of the thermal battery are connected to each other. After the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb is launched, Figure 4 The second end of the folding wing 40 moves away from the other folding wing. The miniaturized and lightweight design of the broadband digital active RF decoy flares allows them to be carried and launched from a variety of platforms, including fighter jets, bombers, and drones. Furthermore, compared to traditional systems, these broadband digital active RF decoy flares are typically lower in cost, enabling large-scale deployment while providing effective protection for carrier aircraft.

[0043] In some embodiments, further, the RCS values ​​of different aircraft types and angles can be simulated based on the relationship between the decoy bomb, the carrier aircraft equipped with the decoy bomb and the direction of the enemy radar wave; further, a time delay can be added to simulate the different relative positions of the false target in the real aircraft; further, speed correction can be performed to compensate for the speed loss of the decoy after being ejected; further, interference can be added to increase the accuracy of the incoming missile in obtaining accurate echoes.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the RCS signal power Pr received by the enemy radar is: For a given enemy radar system, the target echo signal power received by the radar varies only with the target's radar cross section (RCS) and the distance R between the target and the radar. The RCS of the decoy is much smaller than that of the carrier aircraft. In order to simulate the actual RCS reflected signal power of the carrier aircraft, after measuring the actual power, it is necessary to calculate the forward amplification gain. At the same time, the random variable σ of the radar cross section of a typical flying object is χ 2 The probability density function is When k = 1, the fluctuation characteristics are slow fluctuations, and the pulses in one scan are correlated. Typical targets such as small jet aircraft observed forward can be represented by this model. The formula is: When K=N, its fluctuation characteristics are fast fluctuations, and the pulses in one scan are uncorrelated. Typical targets such as jet aircraft and large civil airliners can be represented by this model. The formula is The device can calculate a relative RCS coefficient based on the relative relationship between the carrier aircraft, decoy, and incoming missile. This coefficient is then multiplied by the calculated RCS gain and launched, guiding the incoming missile to track the decoy and protect the carrier aircraft. Alternatively, the 3D characteristics of the carrier aircraft's RCS can be measured and stored in the decoy's memory. During use, the relative RCS coefficient can be interpolated and calculated based on the relative relationship between the carrier aircraft, decoy, and incoming missile.

[0045] In some embodiments, the decoy's nose is a large spherical surface, nearly flat, resulting in a high drag coefficient. For stability, the curved tail fins also have an even higher drag coefficient. This results in a significant speed difference between the decoy and the carrier aircraft immediately after release, making it easily detectable by enemy PD radar. Therefore, the decoy's trajectory is calculated after release, and after leveling, typically a horizontal free-fall trajectory, time-dependent velocity decay values ​​are pre-stored in the decoy. After launch, the Doppler frequency deviation is calculated based on the pre-stored velocity decay, and the launch frequency is continuously adjusted to achieve a velocity radar reflection signal characteristic comparable to that of the carrier aircraft within the operating time.

[0046] In the disclosed embodiment, the broadband digital active RF decoy flare also includes an interference source for transmitting jamming signals to external radars. In electronic countermeasure applications, the broadband digital active RF decoy flare receives enemy radar signals and releases interference to counter the tracking of enemy missile radar seekers. It directively transmits a large number of jamming signals similar to ambient noise to the enemy radar, thereby reducing the enemy radar's signal-to-noise ratio, suppressing the enemy radar's effective detection range, and interfering with the enemy's detection radar's normal reconnaissance and identification of our aircraft platforms, thus shielding our aircraft or missiles from penetrating defenses. This serves the purpose of electronically camouflaging the actual aircraft and preventing precise interference or attack from the enemy.

[0047] In some embodiments, the interference signal emitted by the interference source must meet the following frequency domain characteristics: first, sufficient power must be readily available; second, the interference spectrum must be wide. Typically, the broadband digital active RF decoy flares target enemy PD radar seekers, primarily their tracking systems, which are often narrowband systems. Therefore, when the broadband digital active RF decoy flares are operating, the interference source can determine the signal's frequency and bandwidth and emit a targeted suppression signal.

[0048] In some embodiments, in addition to basic decoy functions, broadband digital active RF decoy missiles can also perform detection, suppression, and other electronic warfare tasks, enabling a single platform to execute multiple combat missions. For example, the broadband digital active RF decoy missile can dynamically adjust its jamming strategy based on changes in the pattern and type of external threats to adapt to the ever-changing battlefield environment. During the interception phase, suppressive jamming can be implemented at appropriate times to reduce the target acquisition capability of the enemy radar seeker and disrupt the seeker's transition from interception to tracking. During the tracking phase, deceptive jamming is implemented to ensure sufficient jamming energy is injected into the seeker receiver, diverting jamming to the enemy radar seeker, thereby increasing the missile's "miss rate."

[0049] In some embodiments, polarization isolation devices are provided at the rear end of the receiving antenna and the front end of the transmitting antenna to improve the transmit and receive isolation of the active decoy bomb. Figure 5 In the orthogonal mode converter shown, the transmitted and received signals are transmitted along a common waveguide, and power signal distribution is performed through a T-junction. One signal passes through an H-plane waveguide turn, and the other signal passes through an E-plane turn. After passing through the E-plane turn or the H-plane turn and the E-plane turn, the phases of the electromagnetic wave signals in the two symmetrical branch waveguides are inverted, achieving the effect of polarization separation.

[0050] In some embodiments, the transmit-receive isolation of active decoy bombs can also be improved through software processing. Specifically, the coupling amount and delay of each frequency band can be measured in advance. Since the transmission time, frequency and transmission power are known, the residual self-interference signal in the received RF signal can be calculated, and the residual self-interference signal can be estimated in the time domain. It is then subtracted from the received signal to achieve the purpose of increasing isolation. Figure 6 As shown, a vector network analyzer is used between test point A and test point B to measure S21 of the entire frequency band, and the measurement data is pre-stored in the data memory. During actual operation, the frequency of the received signal is measured and the test data is corrected according to the frequency.

[0051] The modular design of the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy allows for rapid replacement of payloads to accommodate different missions and threats. In some embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, the broadband digital active RF decoy system also includes an infrared simulation source 50, which is used to simulate the target's infrared signature through thermal radiation. This allows for the integration of infrared and radar decoys. This combination can simultaneously present a "false target" in both the electromagnetic and infrared spectra, enhancing the overall decoy effect. This modularity and reconfigurability enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the broadband digital active RF decoy system.

[0052] In some embodiments, the broadband digital active RF decoy bomb also includes a multi-directional distributed information network. Specifically, a variety of decoy bombs with different frequency bands, different powers, and different interference systems can be used to conduct full-band collaborative detection of targets. And combined with information sharing group decision-making, the best interference strategy is specified. The miniaturization and collaboration trend of decoy bombs can also improve the interference effect while taking into account their own concealment, making active decoy bombs more difficult to detect and eliminate. At the same time, it allows users to edit the internal program of the decoy bomb, so that they can identify and respond to different external threats, and deal with a specific task or threats that may be encountered in a specific area in a more targeted manner. Through networked collaboration, the broadband digital active RF decoy bomb can achieve multi-bomb collaborative interference and improve the effectiveness of confrontation. The broadband digital active RF decoy bomb can quickly adapt to different threat environments and change its signal characteristics through software programming to counter various types of radar and missile systems.

[0053] The disclosed embodiments provide a broadband digital active RF decoy flare. During operation, the power supply is activated to enable the thermal battery to power the entire flare. The secondary power board stabilizes the voltage and distributes the power to the main control system and high-isolation transceiver antenna. The RF board receives external RF signals and sends them to the data processing board for demodulation and processing, generating the required broadband signal. The data processing board modulates the received data into a specific signal format and performs necessary feedback adjustments to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the broadband signal. The broadband signal is then transmitted into the airspace via the front-end antenna. This compact structural design effectively achieves the instantaneous high bandwidth requirement within a small volume, enabling the flare to cover a wider airspace. Through the design of the high-isolation transceiver antenna, the broadband digital active RF decoy flare can maintain efficient signal transmission and reception performance in complex electromagnetic environments. Furthermore, compared to traditional systems, the broadband digital active RF decoy flare is generally lower cost, enabling large-scale deployment and providing effective protection for carrier aircraft against modern radar-guided weapons with complex guidance and anti-interference capabilities, thereby improving the carrier aircraft's survivability in high-threat environments.

[0054] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a jamming method using the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy, comprising the steps of:

[0055] S1: An aircraft is provided with a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare, and the decoy flare is launched through a chaff strip or infrared decoy flare launcher on the aircraft to obtain a radar signal of an external target, wherein the radar signal has an original radio frequency frequency.

[0056] S2: The radar signal is connected to the decoy bomb through the receiving antenna in the high-isolation transceiver antenna.

[0057] S3: amplifying the radar signal and converting it into a baseband signal through a broadband low-noise amplifier and a down-converter in sequence, where the baseband signal is a first analog signal.

[0058] S4: Convert the first analog signal into a first digital signal through a digital-to-analog converter, where the first digital signal is high-speed serial data.

[0059] S5: using a data distributor to convert the first digital signal into a second digital signal that matches the memory write time, and storing the second digital signal in a designated memory address, wherein the second digital signal is low-speed parallel data.

[0060] S6: performing secondary modulation of amplitude, phase, and Doppler frequency deviation parameters on the signal data stored in the memory through the data distributor to obtain a third digital signal, where the third digital signal is low-speed parallel data.

[0061] S7: The third digital signal is read out by the controller in the decoy bomb.

[0062] S8: Utilize the data distributor to convert the third digital signal into a fourth digital signal, where the fourth digital signal is high-speed serial data.

[0063] S9: Convert the fourth digital signal into a second analog signal through an analog-to-digital converter.

[0064] S10: Convert the second analog signal into a signal with an original radio frequency through an up-converter.

[0065] S11: Sending the signal with the original radio frequency to an external target through a transmitting antenna.

[0066] The disclosed embodiment also provides a method for increasing the instantaneous bandwidth of a broadband digital active RF decoy flare, comprising the following steps: the broadband digital active RF decoy flare receives an external RF signal, wherein the RF signal has a center frequency of f MHz and a bandwidth of B MHz; the external RF signal is divided into two paths by a power divider within the broadband digital active RF decoy flare: a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, wherein the first sub-signal has a frequency of f1 and the second sub-signal has a frequency of f2; the local oscillator is controlled by a first frequency code to generate a frequency of f1 = fB / 2 MHz, and the local oscillator is controlled by a second frequency code to generate a frequency of f2 = f+B / 2 MHz, wherein after processing, the input frequency ranges of the first sub-signal and the second sub-signal are [-B / 2, 0] and [0, B / 2], respectively; and the first sub-signal and the second sub-signal are mixed to the same intermediate frequency signal with a bandwidth of B / 2 MHz. The method reduces the sampling rate requirement; as long as the sampling rate is greater than B / 2, all information of the external RF signal can be retained by processing the two signals separately at the back end.

[0067] Reference Figure 8The external RF signal has a center frequency of f MHz and a bandwidth of B MHz. After being transmitted to the decoy flare, the external RF signal is split into two signals by the power divider within the decoy flare: a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal. The first sub-signal has a frequency of f1, and the second sub-signal has a frequency of f2. The first and second sub-signals are used in different signal processing modules. The decoy flare then controls the frequency of its local oscillator using a frequency code to achieve signal separation and coverage within the sub-bands. Specifically, the first frequency code controls the local oscillator to generate a frequency of f1 = fB / 2 MHz, while the second frequency code controls the local oscillator to generate a frequency of f2 = f+B / 2 MHz. After down-conversion, the input frequency ranges of the first and second sub-signals are [-B / 2, 0] and [0, B / 2], respectively. The first and second sub-signals are then processed by the control system through A / D conversion. In this way, the first sub-signal and the second sub-signal are mixed into the same intermediate frequency signal with a bandwidth of B / 2 MHz respectively, and then combined and processed to cover the frequency band of the entire signal [-B / 2, B / 2].

[0068] The method for increasing the instantaneous bandwidth of a broadband digital active RF decoy bomb provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure performs frequency conversion on the input signal to achieve coverage processing of the broadband signal. After the external RF signal is segmented, the input frequency range of each processed signal is [0, B / 2], which is reduced compared to the original frequency band. According to the sampling theorem, the sampling rate needs to be greater than twice the signal bandwidth. The sampling rate required for the original RF signal processing is fc>B, while after segmented processing, each sub-signal only needs to meet fc>B / 2, which significantly reduces the sampling rate requirement, overcomes the high bandwidth requirement of direct sampling of broadband signals, reduces the complexity of data processing, and improves the processing efficiency and flexibility of the decoy bomb.

[0069] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for increasing the frequency band of a broadband digital active RF decoy bomb, comprising: when a signal is input, a receiving antenna introduces the received broadband bandwidth signal into a 90° bridge, and divides the received broadband bandwidth signal into two broadband RF signals according to power, wherein the two broadband RF signals include a first low-frequency signal and a first high-frequency signal; the first low-frequency signal and the first high-frequency signal are mixed into intermediate frequency signals of the same bandwidth and stored; when a signal is output, the signal to be output includes a first intermediate frequency signal to be output as a low-frequency signal and a second intermediate frequency signal to be output as a high-frequency signal, wherein the first intermediate frequency signal is a signal that can be directly processed by an analog-to-digital converter, and the first intermediate frequency signal is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal by the analog-to-digital converter to obtain a second low-frequency signal; the second intermediate frequency signal is up-converted by the local oscillator of the decoy bomb, and the second intermediate frequency signal is modulated into a second high-frequency signal with the original RF frequency; the second low-frequency signal and the second high-frequency signal are mixed by a 90° bridge; and the mixed signal is output by a transmitting antenna.

[0070] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 8 As shown, the receiving antenna directs the received broadband signal into a 90° bridge via a high-isolation RF device, splitting the broadband signal into two RF signals based on power. The two RF signals include a first low-frequency signal and a first high-frequency signal. The first low-frequency signal enters the second channel (RX2) of the analog-to-digital (A / D) chip for direct processing without any frequency conversion, resulting in a first digital signal. The first high-frequency signal is down-converted using the local oscillator provided by the broadband digital active RF decoy, modulated to a low frequency that the A / D chip can process, and then enters the first channel (RX1) of the A / D chip for processing, resulting in a second digital signal. After the digital-to-analog conversion is completed, the first and second digital signals are combined and stored. That is, the digital modes of the first low-frequency signal and the first high-frequency signal are mixed into an intermediate frequency signal of the same bandwidth and stored, achieving the purpose of processing broadband signals.

[0071] Similarly, when outputting signals, the signals to be output include a first intermediate frequency signal to be output as a low-frequency signal and a second intermediate frequency signal to be output as a high-frequency signal. The frequency of the first intermediate frequency signal to be output as a low-frequency signal falls within the frequency range that can be processed by an analog-to-digital (D / A) chip. The first intermediate frequency signal is directly output through the first channel (TX1) of the D / A chip, and the first intermediate frequency signal is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal to obtain a second low-frequency signal. If a high-frequency signal is required, the second intermediate frequency signal, which has undergone frequency shifting, is first output through the second channel (TX2) of the D / A chip. The signal is then up-converted using the local oscillator provided by the decoy bomb, modulating the second intermediate frequency signal into a second high-frequency signal having the original radio frequency.

[0072] Afterwards, the second high-frequency signal and the directly output second low-frequency signal are mixed through a 90-degree bridge, and then passed through a high-isolation radio frequency device and radiated through a transmitting antenna.

[0073] The method for increasing the frequency band of a broadband digital active RF decoy flare, provided in the disclosed embodiments, can better adapt to interference requirements at different frequencies and expand the decoy's countermeasure range. In practical applications, this broadband processing technology makes the decoy flare more flexible and practical in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0074] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the description and drawings of this application, such as the mutual combination of technical features between the embodiments, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A broadband digital active radio frequency decoy, comprising: a thermal battery located behind the decoy bomb, used to provide an energy source for the decoy bomb; A high-isolation transceiver antenna located at the front end of the decoy bomb, the high-isolation transceiver antenna comprising a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna having opposite polarization directions; A main control system located in the middle of the decoy bomb, the main control system includes a radio frequency board, a data processing board and a secondary power supply board. The radio frequency board is used to process the external signal obtained by the receiving antenna, and the data processing board is used to process the signal data received from the radio frequency board; The radio frequency board includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit; wherein, The receiving unit includes a broadband low-noise amplifier and a down-converter, wherein the broadband low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the signal obtained from the receiving antenna, and the down-converter is used to convert the amplified signal into a baseband signal, wherein the baseband signal is high-speed serial data; The transmitting unit includes an up-converter, which is used to convert the baseband signal into a signal of the original radio frequency frequency; The data processing board includes: a digital-to-analog conversion unit, a data storage unit, and a control unit; wherein, The digital-to-analog conversion unit includes a digital-to-analog converter and an analog-to-digital converter; The data storage unit includes a data distributor and a memory, wherein the data distributor is used to convert the high-speed serial data obtained from the down-converter into low-speed parallel data matching the write time of the memory and store the data in a specified memory address, and the memory is used to store the processed waveform data; The control unit includes a controller for controlling the reading and writing of signal data in the memory; The method for jamming a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb comprises the following steps: An aircraft is provided with a broadband digital active radio frequency decoy flare, and the decoy flare is launched by a chaff or infrared decoy flare launcher on the aircraft to obtain a radar signal of an external target, wherein the radar signal has an original radio frequency frequency; The radar signal is connected to the decoy bomb through a receiving antenna in a high-isolation transceiver antenna; The radar signal is amplified and converted into a baseband signal by sequentially passing through a broadband low-noise amplifier and a down-converter, wherein the baseband signal is a first analog signal; Converting the first analog signal into a first digital signal by a digital-to-analog converter, wherein the first digital signal is high-speed serial data; Using a data distributor to convert the first digital signal into a second digital signal that matches a memory write time, and storing the second digital signal in a designated memory address, wherein the second digital signal is low-speed parallel data; Performing secondary modulation of amplitude, phase, and Doppler frequency deviation parameters on the signal data stored in the memory by the data distributor to obtain a third digital signal, wherein the third digital signal is low-speed parallel data; reading the third digital signal through a controller in the decoy bomb; Converting the third digital signal into a fourth digital signal using the data distributor, wherein the fourth digital signal is high-speed serial data; converting the fourth digital signal into a second analog signal through an analog-to-digital converter; converting the second analog signal into a signal having an original radio frequency by an up-converter; transmitting the signal having the original radio frequency frequency to an external target via a transmitting antenna; Furthermore, the method further includes the step of increasing the frequency band of the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb: When the signal is input, the receiving antenna guides the received broadband bandwidth signal into the 90° bridge and divides it into two broadband radio frequency signals according to power, wherein the two broadband radio frequency signals include a first low-frequency signal and a first high-frequency signal; Mixing the first low-frequency signal and the first high-frequency signal into intermediate frequency signals of the same bandwidth and storing the mixed signals; When outputting a signal, the signal to be output includes a first intermediate frequency signal to be output as a low-frequency signal and a second intermediate frequency signal to be output as a high-frequency signal, wherein the first intermediate frequency signal is a signal that can be directly processed by the analog-to-digital converter, and the first intermediate frequency signal is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal by the analog-to-digital converter to obtain the second low-frequency signal; Performing up-conversion signal processing on the second intermediate frequency signal through the local oscillator of the decoy bomb, and modulating the second intermediate frequency signal into a second high frequency signal having the original radio frequency; mixing the second low-frequency signal and the second high-frequency signal through a 90° bridge; The mixed signal is output through the transmitting antenna.

2. The broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data distributor is further configured to perform secondary modulation on at least one of the amplitude, phase and Doppler frequency shift parameters of the waveform stored in the memory.

3. The broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of folding wings, each two folding wings forming a group, are arranged on one side of the thermal battery, wherein the first end of each folding wing is connected to the thermal battery, and the second ends of the two folding wings located on the same side of the thermal battery are connected to each other. After the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb is launched, the second end of the folding wing moves away from the other folding wing.

4. The broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The interference source is used to transmit an interference signal to an external target.

5. The broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the receiving antenna and the front end of the transmitting antenna are provided with polarization isolation components, and the polarization isolation components include orthogonal mode converters.

6. The broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Infrared simulation source, used to simulate the target infrared characteristics through thermal radiation.

7. The broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Also included are steps to increase instantaneous bandwidth: The broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb receives an external radio frequency signal, the center frequency of the radio frequency signal is f MHz and the bandwidth is B MHz; The external radio frequency signal is divided into two paths by a power divider in the broadband digital active radio frequency decoy bomb: a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, wherein the frequency of the first sub-signal is f1 and the frequency of the second sub-signal is f2; The local oscillator is controlled by a first frequency code to generate a frequency of f1=fB / 2 MHz, and the local oscillator is controlled by a second frequency code to generate a frequency of f2=f+B / 2 MHz. After processing, the input frequency ranges of the first sub-signal and the second sub-signal are [-B / 2, 0] and [0, B / 2], respectively. The first sub-signal and the second sub-signal are mixed into the same intermediate frequency signal with a bandwidth of B / 2 MHz.

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