Passenger compartment thermal characteristic simulation device for testing thermal management system

Abstract

The invention discloses a passenger compartment thermal characteristic simulation device for testing a thermal management system, which comprises an enclosure structure of a passenger compartment, air conditioning equipment arranged in the enclosure structure and an upper computer, and is characterized in that a plurality of temperature control components are carried on one side, close to the interior of the passenger compartment, of the enclosure structure and are independently distributed at all positions of the enclosure structure; the temperature control assemblies are used for regulating and controlling the temperature of the enclosure structure, so that the air conditioning equipment and the enclosure structure synchronously exchange heat with air in the passenger compartment, the upper computer is electrically connected with the multiple temperature control assemblies and the air conditioning equipment, and the upper computer is used for controlling the load temperature of the temperature control assemblies at all positions on the enclosure structure. According to the invention, the temperature control assembly is arranged in the enclosure structure, and the thermal load of the passenger compartment is accurately simulated by controlling the heating amount, so that a test environment closer to the reality is provided for the test of the thermal management system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile thermal management system testing, and in particular relates to a passenger compartment thermal characteristic simulation device for thermal management system testing. Background Art

[0002] The existing passenger compartment replacement device used for thermal management system testing uses a simple frame structure to form a closed cavity to simulate the space inside the passenger compartment. Then, equipment such as an air conditioning box is added to the front of the space. The air flows out of the air conditioning box, circulates through the air duct in the simulated passenger compartment space, and then is discharged outside the space or sucked back into the air conditioning box. This device can simulate the air flow in the passenger compartment, but it cannot simulate the heat transfer resistance and heat capacity characteristics from the outside of the vehicle to the inside of the vehicle, resulting in inaccurate simulation of the heat load of the passenger compartment, and then inaccurate heat load of the evaporator in the air conditioning box. During the test, it is easy to cause the working state of the air conditioning system to deviate too much from the actual vehicle, and it cannot be used to calibrate the control strategy of the air conditioning and thermal management system; and other similar technologies have the problem of being unable to simulate the heat load of the passenger compartment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing, wherein a temperature control component is arranged in the enclosure structure, and the thermal load of the passenger compartment is accurately simulated by controlling the heating amount, thereby providing a test environment closer to the real thing for the thermal management system testing.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is to propose a passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing, including a passenger compartment enclosure structure, an air-conditioning device built into the enclosure structure, and a host computer. The enclosure structure is close to the side of the member cabin and is equipped with multiple temperature control components, and the multiple temperature control components are independently distributed in various parts of the enclosure structure. The temperature control components are used to regulate the temperature of the enclosure structure so that the air-conditioning device and the enclosure structure synchronously exchange heat with the air in the passenger compartment. The host computer is electrically connected to the multiple temperature control components and the air-conditioning equipment, and the host computer is used to control the load temperature of the temperature control components at various locations on the enclosure structure.

[0005] The upper computer adjusts the temperature of various parts of the maintenance structure to simulate the heat load on the air-conditioning equipment in the vehicle caused by the temperature rise of the vehicle due to the influence of the external environment.

[0006] Furthermore, the enclosure structure includes doors, a roof, a floor, a front window, side windows, seats, a rear panel and a front wall panel. The front wall panel, the front end of the floor and the front window form a front cabin portion. The front cabin portion is provided with a dashboard, and the air-conditioning equipment is arranged in the dashboard; the seat is slidably arranged on the floor, and the seat is located behind the dashboard.

[0007] The simulated thermal load includes the seats in the vehicle, and its purpose may include the effect of the seats on the airflow, simulating the thermal load of a human body on the seats, and simulating the thermal load of a human body through the seats.

[0008] Furthermore, a fixed structure is provided on the inner side of the front end of the floor, and the air-conditioning device is fixedly installed on the fixed structure. The air-conditioning device is provided with an air-conditioning pipeline toward the front wall panel, and the air-conditioning pipeline passes through the front wall panel and is connected to an external thermal management system.

[0009] Furthermore, the air-conditioning equipment also includes an air-conditioning box, a defrost air duct, a face air duct, and a foot air duct. The air-conditioning box is fixedly installed on the fixed structure, and the air-conditioning pipeline is carried on the air-conditioning box; one end of the defrost air duct is connected to the defrost air outlet of the air-conditioning box, and the other end of the defrost air duct extends to the top of the instrument panel and close to the front window; one end of the face air duct is connected to the face air outlet of the air-conditioning box, and the other end of the face air duct extends to the front side of the instrument panel; one end of the foot air duct is connected to the foot air outlet of the air-conditioning box, and the other end of the foot air duct extends to the lower part of the instrument panel close to the floor.

[0010] Furthermore, the face-blowing air duct, defrost air duct and foot-blowing air duct are all flexible air ducts, both ends of the flexible air duct are provided with foam pads for bonding and connection, and the flexible air duct is provided with an impeller anemometer at one end of the instrument panel for real-time collection of air volume.

[0011] Furthermore, the impeller anemometers on each air duct are electrically connected to a data acquisition and recording device via a connecting line, and the data acquisition and recording device is electrically connected to a host computer.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner side or surface of the vehicle door, roof, floor, front window, side window, seat, and back panel includes a double-layer structure, and the temperature control component is built into the double-layer structure. The temperature control component includes a surface cooling unit and a surface heating unit. The temperature control component is used to regulate the temperature of the inner surface of the passenger compartment and exchange heat with the air in the cabin, thereby transferring the heat load on the enclosing structure to the air-conditioning equipment.

[0013] Furthermore, the surface heating unit includes a power control device and an electric heating device, the electric heating device is evenly laid between the double-layer structure, the power control device is electrically connected to the electric heating device, and the power control device is electrically connected to the host computer.

[0014] Furthermore, a pressure relief port is provided on the back plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a sliding rail is provided on the floor at a position corresponding to the seat, and the seat is slidably mounted on the sliding rail, so that the relative distance between the seat and the instrument panel is adjustable.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention proposes a passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing. The enclosure structure is designed to be equipped with a temperature control component. The temperature control component is used to heat the interior surface of the vehicle to simulate the heat load effect of the passenger compartment under a high temperature external environment. In the internal circulation mode, the heated air is sucked into the air-conditioning equipment again, which can affect the air-conditioning system, thereby achieving a passenger compartment heat load simulation effect.

[0017] The present invention can accurately simulate the thermal load of the passenger compartment by controlling the heating amount, thereby providing a test environment closer to reality for the thermal management system test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present invention and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the present invention. In these drawings, similar reference numerals are used to represent similar elements. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of a passenger compartment thermal characteristic simulation device for thermal management system testing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a front cabin of a passenger cabin thermal characteristic simulation device for thermal management system testing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the structural diagram of the flexible air duct; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the layout of the temperature control components of the door and window side structure; Figure 5 This is the principle framework diagram of thermal management system testing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In addition, the design orientation only represents the relative position relationship between the components, not the absolute position relationship.

[0021] The embodiment of the present invention provides a passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing, see Figure 1-Figure 4 It mainly includes the enclosure structure of the passenger compartment, the air-conditioning equipment built into the enclosure structure and the host computer. A plurality of temperature control components are mounted on the side of the enclosure structure close to the passenger compartment. The plurality of temperature control components are independently distributed in various parts of the enclosure structure. The temperature control components are used to regulate the temperature of the enclosure structure so that the air-conditioning equipment and the enclosure structure can synchronously exchange heat with the air in the passenger compartment. The host computer is electrically connected to the plurality of temperature control components and the air-conditioning equipment. The host computer is used to control the load temperature of the temperature control components at various parts of the enclosure structure.

[0022] In this application, the passenger compartment is surrounded by a protective structure to form a basic structure similar to that of a mass-produced car, which is universal when conducting thermal management system tests (without considering the heat dissipation effect caused by the body shape). When the air-conditioning equipment is in different operating states, the temperature of the protective structure affects the load of the air-conditioning equipment. When the air-conditioning equipment is cooling, the protective structure is expected to have a lower temperature, but the temperature of the protective structure is often higher at this time; when the air-conditioning equipment is heating, the protective structure is expected to have a higher temperature, but the temperature of the protective structure is often lower at this time; this causes the thermal load of the protective structure to interfere with the temperature control of the passenger compartment, and this application simulates the thermal load of the air-conditioning equipment during actual use by controlling the temperature of the protective structure, so that the simulation effect of the air-conditioning equipment during the thermal management system test is more realistic.

[0023] See also Figure 1 The enclosure structure is not only the outer shell structure of the vehicle body, but also includes some structures inside the vehicle, such as seats. When there are people sitting in them, the seats also have heat loads. At the same time, the interference of the seats on the airflow will also affect the operation of the air-conditioning system.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the enclosure structure includes doors, a roof, a floor, a front window, side windows, seats, a rear panel and a front wall panel. The connection and coordination forms of each branch structure are similar to the conventional structure of the vehicle body, and the quantity, relative position relationship, etc. are no longer repeated in this application.

[0025] Exemplarily, the front wall panel, the front end of the floor and the front window form a front cabin portion, the front cabin portion is provided with a dashboard, and the air conditioning equipment is arranged in the dashboard; the seats are slidably arranged on the floor, and the seats are located behind the dashboard.

[0026] A fixed structure is provided on the inner side of the front end of the floor, and the air conditioning equipment is fixedly installed on the fixed structure. The air conditioning equipment is provided with an air conditioning pipeline in the direction of the front wall panel, and the air conditioning pipeline passes through the front wall panel and is connected to the external thermal management system, such as Figure 1 as shown in .

[0027] In the specific configuration, the air-conditioning equipment also includes an air-conditioning box, a defrost air duct, a face air duct, and a foot air duct. The air-conditioning box is fixedly installed on a fixed structure, and the air-conditioning box is equipped with air-conditioning pipelines; one end of the defrost air duct is connected to the defrost air outlet of the air-conditioning box, and the other end of the defrost air duct extends to the top of the instrument panel and close to the front window; one end of the face air duct is connected to the face air outlet of the air-conditioning box, and the other end of the face air duct extends to the front side of the instrument panel; one end of the foot air duct is connected to the foot air outlet of the air-conditioning box, and the other end of the foot air duct extends to the lower part of the instrument panel near the floor.

[0028] Exemplarily, the fixing structure may be a base, a bracket, etc., which is fixedly installed in conjunction with the box structure of the air-conditioning box so that the air-conditioning box is stably fixed on the floor.

[0029] In the present application, three main air vents are taken as examples for illustration, namely the defrost air vents, the face air vents, and the foot air vents. The rear seat air vents are not discussed. Of course, multiple sets of seat structures can also be set up and equipped with rear seat air vents. In this case, only a rear air duct needs to be added to connect with the rear seat air vents.

[0030] The relative positions of all enclosing structures can be arranged according to the actual vehicle, and the positions of the three air vents can be arranged according to the actual vehicle.

[0031] Exemplarily, soft seats are arranged in the car (car seats can be directly installed therein), and guide rails are added under the seats to facilitate the adjustment of the front and rear positions to simulate the impact of the seats on the airflow and temperature in the car under real riding conditions.

[0032] The left and right windows and the front window are made of transparent plastic materials. The situation inside the car can be observed through the front window and the windows. The windows are rigidly connected to the doors. The doors are made of hard thin plate materials. Slide rails are installed on the doors and fixed on the passenger compartment frame. Through the action of the slide rails, the door and window integrated device can slide forward and backward to facilitate the entry and exit of personnel, the entry and exit of measuring equipment, and the installation of air conditioning boxes.

[0033] The roof is made of a hard thin plate material and is fixed to the passenger compartment frame on all sides.

[0034] The front wall is made of hard sheet material and is fixed to the passenger compartment frame on all sides. A hole is reserved in the middle for the air conditioning pipe to pass through.

[0035] The floor is made of steel plate. Sliding rails are set at the corresponding seats, and the seats are slid and installed on the sliding rails, so that the distance between the seats and the three air vents on the instrument panel can be adjusted; the front section of the floor is equipped with a fixed structure connected to the bottom installation position of the air conditioning box, and the air conditioning box is fixed on it. Four rollers are fixed at the bottom of the floor to facilitate the pushing and locking of the entire passenger compartment simulation device, which can support a weight of more than 800kg.

[0036] Three air outlets are reserved on the dashboard according to the layout of a real vehicle, which are connected to three air ducts respectively. Specifically, air outlets are reserved on the upper surface of the dashboard, and the other end of the defrost air duct is locked to the upper surface of the dashboard, close to the front window; air outlets are reserved on the vertical surface of the dashboard, and the other end of the face-blowing air duct is locked to the vertical surface of the dashboard; air outlets are reserved on the lower part of the dashboard, and the other end of the foot-blowing air duct is locked to the bottom of the dashboard, close to the floor, and can be in a tilted state.

[0037] The air conditioning box is allowed to operate in three modes: blowing to the face, blowing to the feet, defrosting, and other combined modes, and is allowed to operate in the actual vehicle working state. The air conditioning box has air conditioning pipes connected to the thermal management system outside (front end) of the passenger compartment simulator.

[0038] As a feasible embodiment, the face-blowing air duct, the defrost air duct, and the foot-blowing air duct are all flexible air ducts, both ends of the flexible air duct are provided with foam pads for bonding and connection, and an impeller anemometer for real-time air volume collection is provided at one end of the flexible air duct at the instrument panel end.

[0039] Specifically, foam pads are embedded at both ends of the flexible air duct to facilitate bonding with the air outlet of the air conditioning box. An impeller anemometer is arranged at the outlet of the flexible air duct at the instrument panel end to collect the air volume passing through the air duct in real time.

[0040] At the same time, the impeller anemometers on each air duct are electrically connected to the data acquisition and recording equipment through connecting lines, and the data acquisition and recording equipment is electrically connected to the host computer.

[0041] The air volume at each air duct can be summarized to the upper computer, and the air volumes of face blowing, full blowing and defrosting can be added together to get the total air volume of the air-conditioning box. Combined with the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the air-conditioning box, the heat exchange capacity of the air-conditioning box can be obtained.

[0042] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is an implementation method of a flexible air duct. The flexible air duct may include a circular foam pad at the end, nylon cloth and a spiral steel wire as a pipe. The spiral steel wire and the nylon cloth form a pipe body. Circular foam pads are mounted on both ends of the pipe body for bonding and fixing. At the same time, an impeller wind speed sensor / impeller anemometer is mounted on one end of the instrument panel. The end and the instrument panel can be assembled based on the impeller anemometer, and the circular foam pad on the end is docked and connected with the impeller anemometer.

[0043] In this application, the temperature control components are distributed on the enclosure structure. According to the wind direction and the target of the air conditioning equipment, it can be known that the doors, roof, floor, front window, side window, seat, and back panel are all heat sources within the direct action range of the air conditioning equipment. Therefore, temperature control components can be installed on these structures, while other structures can be installed or not installed, but opened or closed according to actual conditions.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the inner side or surface of the vehicle door, roof, floor, front window, side window, seat, and back panel includes a double-layer structure, and a temperature control component is built into the double-layer structure. The temperature control component includes a surface cooling unit and a surface heating unit. The temperature control component is used to regulate the temperature of the inner surface of the passenger compartment and exchange heat with the air in the cabin, thereby transferring the heat load on the enclosing structure to the air-conditioning equipment.

[0045] The two layers of the double-layer structure can be of different thicknesses, with the thinner side facing the interior of the vehicle, so that the temperature control component is closer to the passenger compartment, the simulation effect of the thermal load is better, and the response speed is faster when performing load adjustment.

[0046] Among them, the front end of the floor belongs to the instrument panel / front cabin part and may not be equipped with temperature control components, while the rear end of the floor belongs to the working range of the air-conditioning equipment and should be equipped with temperature control components.

[0047] Exemplarily, the surface heating unit includes a power control device and an electric heating device, the electric heating device is evenly laid between the double-layer structure, the power control device is electrically connected to the electric heating device, and the power control device is electrically connected to the host computer. The heating power, opening or closing of the surface heating unit can be controlled by the host computer. Specifically, the electric heating device can be a heating wire, a heating sheet, etc., which is laid between the double-layer structure.

[0048] Similarly, the surface cooling unit may include a cooling power control device and a cooling device, the cooling device is evenly laid between the double-layer structure, the cooling power control device is electrically connected to the cooling device, and the cooling power control device is electrically connected to the host computer; the cooling power, opening or closing of the surface cooling unit can be controlled by the host computer. Specifically, the cooling device can be a cooling pipe, which is laid between the double-layer structure in the form of a disc, a mesh, a bent laying, etc.

[0049] For example, see the surface heat unit. Figure 4 , which is an implementation method of installing surface heating units on vehicle windows and doors. Other parts of the enclosure structure can be similar and can be set up in the same way.

[0050] It is feasible to lay the electric heating device between the double-layer structure with thermal conductive adhesive. After the electric heating device is turned on, the heat it generates can heat the surface of the double-layer structure facing the interior of the vehicle. After the surface temperature inside the vehicle rises, it exchanges heat with the air inside the vehicle and transfers the heat to the air inside the vehicle. The heated air is again sucked into the air-conditioning box (internal circulation mode), and the heat load is transferred to the heat exchanger in the air-conditioning box, thereby affecting the air-conditioning system, thereby achieving the thermal load simulation effect of the passenger compartment.

[0051] Different double-layer structures can be used in different parts. For example, double-layer glass can be used at the window to sandwich the electric heating equipment (heating plate / net), and the inner glass can be thinner; double-layer board structure can be used at the door to sandwich the electric heating equipment, and the inner board can be thinner; double-layer leather structure can be used at the seat to sandwich the electric heating equipment, and the outer leather can be thinner.

[0052] At the same time, the heating power can be adjusted through the host computer, and the power of the electric heating can be controlled through the multi-channel power control device, so as to achieve precise control of the heating amount. The temperature control components of each part can work independently, accurately simulating the actual state of the heat load of each part.

[0053] In the present application, the components of the enclosure structure inside the vehicle body are seats, which characterize the thermal load of the internal structure of the vehicle body. There are two different load states when there are people on the seats and when there are no people on the seats. At the same time, the external environment (such as sunlight) shining on the seats, dashboards and other locations can also increase the thermal load in the car. Therefore, the dashboard can also be included in the enclosure structure to simulate the thermal load environment when exposed to direct sunlight.

[0054] As for the heat load adjustment of the seat, it can be implemented based on whether it is load-bearing or not, and the load value of the temperature control component at the seat is preset, and the load value includes a first load and a second load; When it is detected that the seat is occupied, that is, when simulating the occupied state, the heat load of the seat is adjusted to the first load; When it is detected that the seat is unloaded, that is, when simulating an unloaded usage state, the thermal load of the seat is adjusted to a second load.

[0055] It is understandable that the first load has a significantly greater impact on the vehicle air conditioning device than the second load. The first load and the second load are both experimentally measured values ​​or preset values.

[0056] To detect whether there is someone on the seat, a load-bearing sensor can be installed on the seat and a load-bearing threshold can be set. When the detection data exceeds the load-bearing threshold, it is determined that the seat is occupied; otherwise, the seat is determined to be unloaded.

[0057] By adjusting the seat heat load by category, the heat load of the vehicle air-conditioning equipment in different usage environments can be simulated more accurately, so that the thermal simulation effect of the passenger compartment is closer to the actual situation.

[0058] For example, see Heating the Envelope Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is an illustration of the working scenario of the passenger compartment thermal simulation device of the present application, which can be connected to the thermal management system test bench through air-conditioning pipes.

[0059] When testing the thermal management system, it is necessary to match it with operating conditions similar to those of the entire vehicle, including the heat load generated by the motor and battery when they are working and applied to the thermal management system, the space required for air flow when the air conditioning equipment is working, and the source of the heat load. The thermal load effect of the motor and battery can be tested by using real drive motors and power batteries, in conjunction with control devices, to operate them according to the working conditions of the entire vehicle, and the heat load can be loaded into the thermal management system test bench through cooling pipes.

[0060] The air conditioning equipment in the thermal management system bench is directly placed in the passenger compartment heat load simulation device of this application, specifically, it can be placed in the instrument panel, so that a working environment similar to the vehicle conditions can be obtained. Provide the air conditioning equipment with a closed space for air flow and a passenger compartment heat load similar to that in the high temperature environment of the vehicle. Under the coordinated control of the control equipment, the thermal management system bench test is carried out. Among them, the passenger compartment heat load is provided by the temperature control components carried by the enclosure structure, specifically Figure 5 In the process, the surface heat unit can be integrated into a heating module, and the temperature of various parts of the enclosure structure can be controlled and adjusted by the heating module at the host computer, so that the enclosure structure can represent different heat loads at different locations, in order to be closer to the actual load caused by the heat load of the passenger compartment of the vehicle on the air-conditioning equipment during actual operation.

[0061] During the actual simulation process, the temperature control component may include a surface heating unit and a surface cooling unit to meet the testing requirements of the air-conditioning equipment in different environments.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, a pressure relief port is provided on the rear panel, which can adjust the air volume of the air conditioning box to be closer to the real car body when the pressure inside the car is adjusted, and can be used with the air conditioning equipment to test the thermal management system in the external circulation state. The air intake of the air conditioning equipment can be provided on the front wall panel.

[0063] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the elements.

[0064] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred implementation modes, and it cannot be determined that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing, characterized in that: It includes an enclosure structure of a passenger compartment, an air-conditioning device built into the enclosure structure, and a host computer. A plurality of temperature control components are mounted on one side of the enclosure structure close to the interior of the passenger compartment. The plurality of temperature control components are independently distributed at various locations of the enclosure structure. The temperature control components are used to regulate the temperature of the enclosure structure so that the air-conditioning device and the enclosure structure can synchronously exchange heat with the air in the passenger compartment. The host computer is electrically connected to the plurality of temperature control components and the air-conditioning device, and is used to control the load temperature of the temperature control components at various locations on the enclosure structure.

2. A passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosure structure includes vehicle doors, a roof, a floor, a front window, side windows, seats, a rear panel and a front wall panel. The front wall panel, the front end of the floor and the front window form a front cabin portion. The front cabin portion is provided with a dashboard, and the air-conditioning equipment is arranged in the dashboard; the seat is slidably arranged on the floor, and the seat is located behind the dashboard.

3. The passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixed structure is provided on the inner side of the front end of the floor, and the air conditioning device is fixedly installed on the fixed structure. The air conditioning device is provided with an air conditioning pipeline toward the front wall panel, and the air conditioning pipeline passes through the front wall panel and is connected to an external thermal management system.

4. The passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air-conditioning equipment also includes an air-conditioning box, a defrost air duct, a face air duct, and a foot air duct. The air-conditioning box is fixedly installed on the fixed structure, and the air-conditioning pipeline is carried on the air-conditioning box; one end of the defrost air duct is connected to the defrost air outlet of the air-conditioning box, and the other end of the defrost air duct extends to the top of the instrument panel and close to the front window; one end of the face air duct is connected to the face air outlet of the air-conditioning box, and the other end of the face air duct extends to the front side of the instrument panel; one end of the foot air duct is connected to the foot air outlet of the air-conditioning box, and the other end of the foot air duct extends to the lower part of the instrument panel close to the floor.

5. The passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The face-blowing air duct, the defrosting air duct, and the foot-blowing air duct are all flexible air ducts, both ends of the flexible air duct are provided with foam pads for bonding and connection, and the flexible air duct is provided with an impeller anemometer at one end of the instrument panel for real-time collection of air volume.

6. The passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The impeller anemometers on each air duct are electrically connected to data acquisition and recording equipment through connecting lines, and the data acquisition and recording equipment is electrically connected to a host computer.

7. The passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side or surface of the vehicle door, roof, floor, front window, side window, seat, and back panel includes a double-layer structure, and the temperature control component is built into the double-layer structure. The temperature control component includes a surface cooling unit and a surface heating unit. The temperature control component is used to regulate the temperature of the inner surface of the passenger compartment and exchange heat with the air in the cabin, thereby transferring the heat load on the enclosing structure to the air-conditioning equipment.

8. The passenger compartment thermal characteristics simulation device for thermal management system testing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface heating unit includes a power control device and an electric heating device. The electric heating device is evenly laid between the double-layer structure. The power control device is electrically connected to the electric heating device, and the power control device is electrically connected to the host computer.

9. The passenger compartment thermal characteristic simulation device for thermal management system testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure relief port is provided on the back plate.

10. The passenger compartment thermal characteristic simulation device for thermal management system testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The floor is provided with a sliding guide rail at a position corresponding to the seat, and the seat is slidably mounted on the sliding guide rail, so that the relative distance between the seat and the instrument panel is adjustable.

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