Method for testing synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents

Abstract

This invention provides a method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, belonging to the field of fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing effect testing. The testing method includes: determining the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied alone using a fire extinguishing concentration testing system; determining the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied in combination using the same fire extinguishing concentration testing system; comparing the magnitude of a synergy factor and a synergy threshold; if the synergy factor is greater than the synergy threshold, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of the multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is determined to be mutually inhibiting; if the synergy factor is less than the synergy threshold, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of the multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is determined to be mutually promoting. The method provided by this invention can be used for the development and evaluation of high-efficiency fire extinguishing agents, as well as for the effect assessment of the combined use of multiple fire extinguishing agents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing agent extinguishing effect testing technology, specifically, to a method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of various technologies, many new types of fires have emerged. For example, containerized lithium battery energy storage systems can be used for power generation, transmission, and consumption, offering peak clipping and valley compensation to enhance power quality and reliability. However, energy storage battery fires differ from other fires. During battery combustion, they form a complex fire involving a mixture of gas (Class C), liquid (Class B), and solid (Class A) fires, making them difficult to extinguish and often requiring the combined use of various extinguishing agents to increase effectiveness.

[0003] To guide the selection of combined extinguishing agents, it is necessary to quantitatively evaluate their extinguishing capabilities before and after combination. However, in existing technologies, the methods for testing the extinguishing effects of various extinguishing agents are not standardized. Gaseous extinguishing agents are often measured using cup burners to determine the critical extinguishing concentration, while fine water mist and dry powder extinguishing agents are often measured based on the extinguishing time and dosage for fixed-size wood piles and oil pan fires. When comparing different types of extinguishing agents, the results are often unconvincing due to inconsistencies in experimental systems and flame sizes. Moreover, existing combined effect testing systems have limited applicability to certain types of extinguishing agents and are mostly used for testing oil pan fires in open spaces, failing to provide a quantifiable comparison of whether the combination can mutually enhance the extinguishing effect from the perspective of the critical extinguishing concentration.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent document CN111013052A, published on October 11, 2022, proposes a testing platform and method for the interaction mechanism of dry powder and foam combined use, testing the time required to extinguish oil pan fires and the amount of extinguishing agent used before and after the combined use of dry powder and foam. However, this system only involves the combined use of the two types of extinguishing agents and fails to provide quantitative indicators from the perspective of critical extinguishing concentration. Similarly, Chinese patent document CN115154967A, published on October 11, 2022, proposes a testing platform and method for extinguishing transformer oil fires using dry powder and water spray combined use, but does not involve the evaluation of the synergistic extinguishing effect of the combined extinguishing agents. Chinese patent document published on February 9, 2021, with publication number CN112345688A, proposes a device and method for testing the fire extinguishing efficiency of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agents. However, it only involves the evaluation method of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agents and cannot be applied to evaluate the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple fire extinguishing agents.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to provide a unified quantitative evaluation method applicable to different types of fire extinguishing agents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problem that existing technologies cannot quantify and evaluate the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of different types of fire extinguishing agents, this invention provides a method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents. This method uses a multi-type fire extinguishing agent concentration testing system to test the critical fire extinguishing concentration when multiple fire extinguishing agents are used in combination, and then calculates the synergistic factor through the critical fire extinguishing concentration to achieve a quantitative evaluation of the synergistic fire extinguishing effect.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents. The method includes: conducting fire extinguishing concentration tests using a multi-type fire extinguishing agent fire concentration testing system to determine the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each agent when applied alone and the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each agent when applied in combination; determining a synergy factor based on the critical fire extinguishing mass concentrations required for each agent when applied alone and for each agent when applied in combination; and evaluating the synergy effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents based on the comparison between the synergy factor and the synergy threshold. The synergistic fire extinguishing effect of fire extinguishing agents; the test system includes: a fire simulation unit, a mixing unit, an air supply unit, a fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem, and a data acquisition unit; the fire simulation unit is used to simulate a fire at a predetermined flame height; the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem is connected to the mixing unit, and the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem includes at least two of a first gaseous fire extinguishing unit, a second gaseous fire extinguishing unit, a dry powder fire extinguishing unit, and a water spray fire extinguishing unit; the first gaseous fire extinguishing unit, the second gaseous fire extinguishing unit, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit, and the water spray fire extinguishing unit are arranged in parallel; the mixing unit is located in... Below the chimney, compressed air and at least one extinguishing agent output from the extinguishing agent supply subsystem are uniformly mixed to form a mixed gas. The air supply unit is connected to the extinguishing agent supply subsystem and provides compressed air to carry at least one extinguishing agent output from the extinguishing agent supply subsystem. The data acquisition unit includes a flame temperature acquisition module and a mixed gas temperature acquisition module. The flame temperature acquisition module measures the flame temperature, and the mixed gas temperature acquisition module measures the mixed gas temperature. The extinguishing concentration test includes the following steps: turning on the air supply unit and adjusting the compressed air flow rate; turning on the fire simulation unit and generating a flame of a predetermined flame height by adjusting the gas flow rate; turning on the extinguishing agent supply subsystem and providing at least one extinguishing agent to the fire simulation unit according to the set extinguishing strategy, and continuously increasing the extinguishing agent concentration by a predetermined increment until the flame is extinguished; after extinguishing the fire, acquiring the air mass flow rate, the mass flow rate of each extinguishing agent, and the mixed gas temperature; determining the volumetric flow rate of each extinguishing agent and the air volumetric flow rate based on the mixed gas temperature; determining the critical extinguishing volumetric concentration based on the volumetric flow rate of each extinguishing agent and the air volumetric flow rate; repeating the above process to determine the average value of the critical extinguishing volumetric concentration.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fire simulation unit may include a combustion cup, a fuel cylinder, a first pressure reducing valve, and a chimney. The fuel cylinder supplies a predetermined flow rate of gas to the combustion cup through the first pressure reducing valve. The combustion cup is disposed inside the chimney and is used to simulate a fire at a predetermined flame height.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first gas extinguishing unit can be used to deliver a gaseous extinguishing agent that is liquid at room temperature to the mixing unit, and an insulation layer is provided on the connecting pipeline between the first gas extinguishing unit and the mixing unit; the second gas extinguishing unit can be used to deliver a gaseous extinguishing agent that is gaseous at room temperature to the mixing unit; the dry powder extinguishing unit can be used to deliver a dry powder extinguishing agent to the mixing unit; and the water spray extinguishing unit can be used to deliver a water spray extinguishing agent to the mixing unit.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the mixing unit may be disposed below the chimney, the flame temperature acquisition module may be disposed above the combustion cup, and the mixed gas temperature acquisition module may be disposed in the middle of the chimney.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first gas extinguishing unit may include an extinguishing agent container, a liquid pump, and a mixing heater; the air supply unit may include an air compressor and a first gas flow controller; and the second gas extinguishing unit may include an extinguishing agent cylinder, a second pressure reducing valve, and a second gas flow controller. The extinguishing agent container is connected to the mixing heater via the liquid pump, and the air compressor is connected to the mixing heater via the first gas flow controller. The extinguishing agent cylinder is connected to the mixing heater via the second pressure reducing valve and the second gas flow controller. The mixing heater is used to mix and heat the gaseous extinguishing agent, which is in a liquid and / or gaseous state at room temperature, with compressed air.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit may include a screw feeder, a vibrator, and a feeding channel. The screw feeder is used to feed the dry powder fire extinguishing agent into the feeding channel, and the vibrator is disposed below the screw feeder to compact the powder.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit may include a fluidized bed and a rectifier orifice plate. The fluidized bed contains a dry powder fire extinguishing agent. The bottom of the fluidized bed is connected to an air supply unit, the top of the fluidized bed is connected to a mixing unit, and the rectifier orifice plate is disposed in the fluidized bed.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the water spray fire extinguishing unit may include an ultrasonic atomizer. The inlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to an air supply unit, and the outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to a mixing unit. The ultrasonic atomizer includes a liquid pool and an ultrasonic atomizing module. The liquid pool contains pure water or an aqueous solution of fire extinguishing enhancer. The ultrasonic atomizing module is placed at the bottom of the pool to adjust the water mist supply.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an exhaust gas treatment unit may be provided on the top of the fire simulation unit.

[0016] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing concentration test may further include the following process: determining the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration based on the mass flow rate of each fire extinguishing agent, the volume flow rate of each fire extinguishing agent, and the air volume flow rate.

[0017] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect testing method may further include: during the fire extinguishing process, measuring the flame temperature at different heights above the combustion cup under the condition of applying different concentrations of fire extinguishing agents, and plotting the change of flame temperature at different heights with the concentration of each fire extinguishing agent to evaluate the cooling effect of each fire extinguishing agent.

[0018] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the step of evaluating the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents based on the synergistic factor may include: comparing the magnitude of the synergistic factor with the synergistic threshold; if the synergistic factor is greater than the synergistic threshold, then determining that the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is mutually inhibiting; if the synergistic factor is less than the synergistic threshold, then determining that the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is mutually promoting.

[0019] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the formula for calculating the synergy factor can be:

[0020] ,

[0021] in, d As a cooperating factor; α m10 This refers to the critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the first extinguishing agent is applied alone. α m20 This refers to the critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the second extinguishing agent is applied alone. α mn0 The critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the nth extinguishing agent is applied alone; α m11 This is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the first extinguishing agent to be applied in combination. α m21 This is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the combined application of the second extinguishing agent; αmn1 This represents the critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the nth extinguishing agent is applied in combination.

[0022] The present invention has at least the following technical effects through the technical solution provided by the present invention:

[0023] (1) The testing system of the present invention can detect the critical extinguishing concentration of gaseous, dry powder and fine water mist extinguishing agents when used alone and in combination, and realizes a unified quantitative evaluation of different types of extinguishing agents;

[0024] (2) This invention calculates the synergistic factor by the critical extinguishing concentration, thereby realizing the quantitative evaluation of the synergistic extinguishing effect when different types of extinguishing agents are used in combination;

[0025] (3) This invention can quantitatively evaluate the synergistic fire extinguishing capabilities between any two or three types of fires;

[0026] (4) This invention can be used for the development and evaluation of high-efficiency fire extinguishing agents, as well as the effect evaluation of the combined use of multiple fire extinguishing agents, which is of great significance for the development and application of new fire extinguishing agents.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-type fire extinguishing agent concentration testing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating another method of supplying dry powder fire extinguishing units provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the supply method of a water spray fire extinguishing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0033] 1-Fuel cylinder, 2-First pressure reducing valve, 3-Rotameter, 4-Combustion cup, 5-Chimney, 6-Mixer, 7-Base, 8-Exhaust hood, 9-First thermocouple, 10-Second thermocouple, 11-Third thermocouple, 12-Data acquisition device, 13-Honeycomb tube, 14-Flange, 15-Feed screw, 16-Powder hopper, 17-Stepper motor, 18-Vibrator, 19-Second valve, 20-Ultrasonic atomizer, 21-Second precision electronic scale, 22 - Third valve, 23- Mixing heater, 24- Fourth thermocouple, 25- Temperature controller, 26- First gas flow controller, 27- First valve, 28- Air compressor, 29- Peristaltic pump, 30- Extinguishing agent container, 31- First precision electronic scale, 32- Second gas flow controller, 33- Second pressure reducing valve, 34- Extinguishing agent cylinder, 35- Fluidized bed, 36- Orifice plate for rectifier, 37- Fourth valve, 38- Liquid pool, 39- Ultrasonic atomization module. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0036] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "top," and "bottom" are generally used to describe the relative positional relationships of components in relation to the directions shown in the accompanying drawings or in relation to vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational directions. Terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely for ease of description and distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection; they can refer to a wired connection or a wireless connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] The inventors discovered through research that the critical extinguishing concentration is a crucial parameter for evaluating the performance of fire extinguishing agents. The critical extinguishing concentration of a fire extinguishing agent can quantitatively assess the fire extinguishing effect of the extinguishing medium, providing significant guidance for the design and evaluation of fire extinguishing systems. To guide the selection of combined fire extinguishing agents, this invention provides, on the one hand, a multi-type fire extinguishing agent concentration testing system. This system can detect the critical extinguishing concentration of various fire extinguishing agents (gas, dry powder, fine water mist), solving the problem of limited applicability of existing combined effect testing systems. On the other hand, starting from the critical extinguishing concentration, this invention defines a synergy factor. By utilizing the synergy factor, the degree of mutual promotion when the above-mentioned fire extinguishing agents are used in combination can be quantitatively measured.

[0039] It should be noted that the critical extinguishing concentration refers to the minimum concentration of the extinguishing agent in the air at which the mixture of air and extinguishing medium cannot sustain the combustion of combustibles.

[0040] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] The first embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-type fire extinguishing agent concentration testing system, which includes: a fire simulation unit, a mixing unit, an air supply unit, a fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem, and a data acquisition unit.

[0043] The fire simulation unit includes a combustion cup, a fuel cylinder, a first pressure reducing valve, and a chimney. The fuel cylinder supplies a predetermined flow rate of gas to the combustion cup through the first pressure reducing valve. The combustion cup is located inside the chimney and is used to simulate a fire at a predetermined flame height.

[0044] The extinguishing agent supply subsystem is connected to the mixing unit and includes at least two of the following: a first gas extinguishing unit, a second gas extinguishing unit, a dry powder extinguishing unit, and a water spray extinguishing unit. These units are arranged in parallel. The first gas extinguishing unit supplies the gaseous extinguishing agent, which is liquid at room temperature, to the mixing unit. An insulation layer can be installed on the connecting pipeline between the first gas extinguishing unit and the mixing unit to ensure that the liquid extinguishing agent, after being heated into a gas, maintains its gaseous state and reaches the fire simulation unit for extinguishing the fire. The second gas extinguishing unit supplies the gaseous extinguishing agent, which is gaseous at room temperature, to the mixing unit. The dry powder extinguishing unit supplies the dry powder extinguishing agent to the mixing unit. The water spray extinguishing unit supplies the water spray extinguishing agent to the mixing unit.

[0045] The mixing unit is located below the chimney and is used to uniformly mix compressed air and at least one extinguishing agent output from the extinguishing agent supply subsystem to form a mixed gas.

[0046] The air supply unit is connected to the extinguishing agent supply subsystem and is used to provide compressed air to carry at least one extinguishing agent output by the extinguishing agent supply subsystem.

[0047] The data acquisition unit includes a flame temperature acquisition module and a mixed gas temperature acquisition module. The flame temperature acquisition module is positioned above the combustion cup to monitor flame temperature changes. Multiple flame temperature acquisition modules can be installed at different heights above the combustion cup to monitor flame temperature changes at different heights. The mixed gas temperature acquisition module is located in the middle of the chimney to monitor the temperature changes of the mixed gas.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first gas extinguishing unit may include an extinguishing agent container, a liquid pump, and a mixing heater; the air supply unit may include an air compressor and a first gas flow controller; and the second gas extinguishing unit may include an extinguishing agent cylinder, a second pressure reducing valve, and a second gas flow controller.

[0049] The extinguishing agent container is connected to the mixing heater via a liquid pump, and the air compressor is connected to the mixing heater via a first gas flow controller. The extinguishing agent cylinder is connected to the mixing heater via a second pressure reducing valve and a second gas flow controller. The mixing heater is used to mix and heat the gaseous extinguishing agent, which is in a liquid and / or gaseous state at room temperature, with compressed air. The first gas flow controller is used to regulate the air flow rate, and the second gas flow controller is used to regulate the flow rate of the gaseous extinguishing agent.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit may include a screw feeder, a vibrator, and a feeding channel. The screw feeder is used to feed the dry powder fire extinguishing agent into the feeding channel, and the vibrator is located below the screw feeder to compact the powder.

[0051] Of course, the present invention is not limited to this. Other powder supply structures can also be applied to the dry powder fire extinguishing unit of the present invention, as long as the dry powder fire extinguishing unit can meet the delivery requirements of solid fire extinguishing agent.

[0052] For example, a dry powder fire extinguishing unit may also include a fluidized bed and a rectifier plate. The fluidized bed contains dry powder extinguishing agent, the bottom of the fluidized bed is connected to an air supply unit, the top of the fluidized bed is connected to a mixing unit, and the rectifier plate is disposed inside the fluidized bed. The dry powder extinguishing agent can enter the mixing unit from the fluidized bed under the carrying of compressed air.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the water spray fire extinguishing unit may include an ultrasonic atomizer. The inlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the air supply unit, and the outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the mixing unit. The ultrasonic atomizer includes a liquid tank and an ultrasonic atomizing module. The liquid tank contains pure water or an aqueous solution of fire extinguishing enhancer, and the ultrasonic atomizing module is placed at the bottom of the tank to regulate the water mist supply.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an exhaust gas treatment unit may be provided on the top of the fire simulation unit for treating the exhaust gas.

[0055] To better understand the exemplary embodiments of the present invention described above, they will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples and accompanying drawings.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 A multi-type fire extinguishing agent concentration testing system consists of a fire simulation unit, a mixing unit, an air supply unit, a fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem, a data acquisition unit, and an exhaust gas treatment unit.

[0057] The fire simulation unit includes a fuel cylinder 1, a first pressure reducing valve 2, a rotor flow meter 3, a combustion cup 4, and a chimney 5. The fuel cylinder 1 is connected to the combustion cup 4 via the first pressure reducing valve 2 and the rotor flow meter 3, forming the connecting pipeline of the fire simulation unit. The fuel flow rate can be adjusted by controlling the first pressure reducing valve 2 and the rotor flow meter 3. The combustion cup 4 is placed inside the cylindrical chimney 5, which is made of glass and can be used to observe the flame. Fire-resistant glass beads are placed inside the combustion cup 4 to achieve stable combustion. By slowly increasing the extinguishing agent concentration until the flame is extinguished, the extinguishing agent concentration at this point is the measured critical extinguishing concentration.

[0058] The mixing unit includes a mixer 6, a base 7, and a honeycomb tube 13. The mixer 6 is located below and connected to the chimney 5. The base 7 is located at the bottom of the mixer 6, and the honeycomb tube 13 is located inside the mixer 6. After the mixture of extinguishing agent and air enters the mixer from the bottom, it achieves uniform gas distribution through the honeycomb tube.

[0059] The exhaust gas treatment unit includes a smoke hood 8, which is located above the chimney 5. The mixture of extinguishing agent and air flows from the bottom of the mixer through the combustion cup. The flue gas formed after combustion in the combustion cup can be discharged to the exhaust gas treatment device through the smoke hood.

[0060] The data acquisition unit is connected to the fire simulation unit and includes a first thermocouple 9, a second thermocouple 10, a third thermocouple 11, and a data acquisition device 12. The first thermocouple 9 is positioned in the middle of the chimney 5 to measure the temperature of the mixed gas. The second thermocouple 10 and the third thermocouple 11 are positioned at different heights above the combustion cup 4 to measure the flame temperature. All three thermocouples are type K. The mixed gas temperature T1 measured by the first thermocouple can be converted from the mass flow rate of each component of the mixed gas to the volumetric flow rate. The flame temperatures T2 and T3 measured by the second and third thermocouples can be used to detect the cooling effect of the extinguishing agent. The data acquisition device 12 records data from each thermocouple and the gas flow controller.

[0061] The air supply unit is connected to the extinguishing agent supply subsystem, and the air supply unit includes an air compressor 28, a first valve 27, and a first gas flow controller 26.

[0062] The extinguishing agent supply subsystem includes a flange 14, a feed screw 15, a powder hopper 16, a stepper motor 17, a vibrator 18, a second valve 19, an ultrasonic atomizer 20, a second precision electronic scale 21, a third valve 22, a mixing heater 23, a fourth thermocouple 24, a temperature controller 25, a peristaltic pump 29, an extinguishing agent container 30, a first precision electronic scale 31, a second gas flow controller 32, a second pressure reducing valve 33, and an extinguishing agent cylinder 34.

[0063] The screw feeder 15, powder hopper 16, and stepper motor 17 together form a screw feeder. The flange 14, screw feeder, and vibrator 18 together form a dry powder fire extinguishing unit. The screw feeder is used to introduce dry powder fire extinguishing agent into the feed channel. The flange 14 is located on the feed channel and is used to open or close the dry powder fire extinguishing unit. The vibrator 18 is located below the screw feeder and is used to compact the powder.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 2 The dry powder fire extinguishing unit can also consist of a fluidized bed 35, a flow straightening orifice plate 36, and a fourth valve 37. The bottom of the fluidized bed 35 is connected to the air compressor 28 via the first valve 27, and the top of the fluidized bed 35 is connected to the mixing unit via the fourth valve 37. The flow straightening orifice plate 36 is located inside the fluidized bed 35 and is used for throttling.

[0065] The ultrasonic atomizer 20, the second precision electronic scale 21, and the third valve 22 constitute a water spray fire extinguishing unit. The third valve 22 is installed on the connecting pipe between the water spray fire extinguishing unit and the air supply unit, and is used to open or close the water spray fire extinguishing unit. The ultrasonic atomizer 20 is placed on the second precision electronic scale 21, which is used to measure the rate of water spray mass decay. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3The inlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the air supply unit, and the outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the mixing unit. The ultrasonic atomizer consists of a liquid pool 38 and an ultrasonic atomization module 39. The liquid pool 38 contains pure water or an aqueous solution of fire extinguishing enhancer. The adjustable power ultrasonic atomization module 39 is placed at the bottom of the pool to adjust the water mist mass flow rate. The generated fine water mist is carried to the mixer by compressed air.

[0066] The first gas extinguishing unit consists of the second valve 19, the mixing heater 23, the fourth thermocouple 24, the temperature controller 25, the peristaltic pump 29, the extinguishing agent container 30, and the first precision electronic scale 31; the second gas extinguishing unit consists of the second valve 19, the mixing heater 23, the fourth thermocouple 24, the temperature controller 25, the second gas flow controller 32, the second pressure reducing valve 33, and the extinguishing agent cylinder 34.

[0067] The second valve 19 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the first gas extinguishing unit, the second gas extinguishing unit, and the air supply unit, and is used to open or close the first gas extinguishing unit and / or the second gas extinguishing unit. The mixing heater 23 is used to mix and heat the liquid and / or gaseous extinguishing agent at room temperature with compressed air. The fourth thermocouple 24 is installed inside the mixing heater 23, and the temperature controller 25 is connected to the fourth thermocouple 24. The fourth thermocouple 24 and the temperature controller 25 together form a PID system for controlling the outlet temperature of the mixing heater. The air compressor 28 is connected to the mixing heater 23 through the first valve 27 and the first gas flow controller 26; the extinguishing agent container 30 is connected to the mixing heater 23 through the peristaltic pump 29; and the extinguishing agent cylinder 34 is connected to the mixing heater 23 through the second pressure reducing valve 33 and the second gas flow controller 32. The first precision electronic scale 31 is used to place the extinguishing agent container 30 to monitor the mass change of the liquid gas extinguishing agent; the second gas flow controller 32 is used to control the mass flow rate of the gaseous extinguishing agent; and the first gas flow controller 26 is used to control the mass flow rate of compressed air.

[0068] The following describes the supply methods for different types of fire extinguishing agents.

[0069] When the extinguishing agent is a gaseous extinguishing agent, and is in a gaseous state at room temperature (such as heptafluoropropane), a gas cylinder is used for gas supply. The gaseous extinguishing agent enters the mixing heater through the second pressure reducing valve and the second gas flow controller. Air is supplied by an air compressor, enters the mixing heater through the first valve and the first gas flow controller, and mixes with the extinguishing agent for heating. The outlet temperature of the mixing heater is controlled by a PID system consisting of a temperature controller and a fourth thermocouple. The mixed gas enters the mixer below the chimney from the bottom. The mixer is equipped with honeycomb tubes to homogenize the gas. At this time, the second valve is open, the third valve is closed, the peristaltic pump is closed, and a blind flange is installed at the flange.

[0070] When the extinguishing agent is a gaseous extinguishing agent and is liquid at room temperature (such as perfluorohexanone), a peristaltic pump is used to supply the liquid, which then enters the mixing heater for complete evaporation. Before testing, the linear relationship between the peristaltic pump speed and the mass flow rate of the liquid extinguishing agent is calibrated. During testing, the extinguishing agent flow rate is adjusted by regulating and recording the peristaltic pump speed. The system remains the same thereafter. At this point, the second valve is open, the third valve is closed, the second pressure reducing valve is closed, and a blind flange is installed at the flange.

[0071] When the extinguishing agent is a fine water mist, an ultrasonic atomizer is used to supply the water mist. The ultrasonic atomizer has a storage tank containing pure water or an aqueous solution with some added extinguishing enhancer. The ultrasonic atomizing module is placed at the bottom of the tank, and the water mist supply is adjusted by regulating the power of the atomizing module. The atomizer has a compressed air inlet and a mixed gas outlet; the fine water mist is carried by the air to the bottom of the mixer. A second precision electronic scale is installed below the ultrasonic atomizer to measure the mass flow rate of the water mist at different power levels by measuring the rate of mass descent. The system then operates as described above. At this point, the first valve is open, the third valve is open, the second valve is closed, the second pressure reducing valve is closed, the peristaltic pump is closed, and a blind flange is installed at the flange.

[0072] When the extinguishing agent is a dry powder extinguishing agent, a screw feeder is used to supply the extinguishing powder. The extinguishing agent is placed in the powder hopper, and a stepper motor drives the feeding screw. To ensure that the powder evenly fills the screw space, a vibrator is installed below to compact the powder. Before testing, the linear relationship between the stepper motor speed and the feeding rate is calibrated in advance. During testing, the extinguishing agent flow rate is adjusted by regulating and recording the stepper motor speed. The dry powder is carried by the upward airflow into the bottom of the mixer. The system then operates as described above. At this point, the first valve opens, the second valve opens, the third valve closes, the second pressure reducing valve closes, and the peristaltic pump shuts down.

[0073] When the extinguishing agent is dry powder, another powder supply method is as follows: solid extinguishing agent powder is placed at the bottom of the fluidized bed device, and compressed air is injected through the bottom, carrying the extinguishing powder. After being rectified by an orifice plate, it enters the gas pipeline at the bottom of the mixer. This method avoids frequent disassembly of the flange blind plate, and the activation of the dry powder extinguishing unit can be controlled by the fourth valve. Before testing, it is necessary to calibrate the powder mass flow rate that different flow rates of compressed air can carry. During testing, the extinguishing powder concentration is adjusted through the first gas flow controller.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] The second embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the extinguishing concentration of a gaseous fire extinguishing agent. Taking a gaseous fire extinguishing agent (which is a gas at room temperature) as an example, the process of testing the critical extinguishing concentration of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent using the testing system in the first embodiment is as follows.

[0076] Step A1: Turn on the exhaust hood and exhaust gas treatment device, and turn on the data acquisition unit.

[0077] Step A2: Turn on the air supply unit and adjust the compressed air flow rate.

[0078] Specifically, a blind flange is installed at the flange of the dry powder fire extinguishing unit. The air compressor is turned on, and the first and second valves are opened, while all other valves remain closed. Using the first gas flow controller, the air flow rate is adjusted to approximately 40 L / min, and the controller reading is recorded. q ma (g / min).

[0079] Step A3: Activate the fire simulation unit and generate a flame of the predetermined flame height by adjusting the gas flow rate.

[0080] Specifically, open the fuel cylinder (propane), open the first pressure reducing valve, slightly open the rotor flow meter, ignite the fuel, adjust the flame height to 8cm using the rotor flow meter, and record the flow meter reading. q mr (g / min).

[0081] Step A4: Observe the stability of the flame and maintain stable combustion for 60 seconds.

[0082] Step A5: Open the extinguishing agent cylinder, open the second pressure reducing valve, adjust the second gas flow controller to a low value, wait 30 seconds, observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the reading of the second thermocouple at this flow rate. T 2 and the third thermocouple readings T 3.

[0083] Step A6: Slightly increase the extinguishing agent flow rate, ensuring the increase is less than 3% of the current value. Wait 30 seconds, observe if the flame is extinguished, and record the reading of the second thermocouple at this flow rate. T 2 and the third thermocouple readings T 3.

[0084] Step A7: Repeat the above process until the flame is extinguished, and record the reading of the second gas flow controller at this time. q mq (g / min) and the reading of the first thermocouple T 1.

[0085] Step A8: Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the gaseous extinguishing agent. vq (%) and critical extinguishing mass concentration α mq (g / m 3 ).

[0086] For example, the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the gaseous extinguishing agent is calculated. vq (%) and critical extinguishing mass concentration α mq (g / m3 The process is as follows:

[0087] (a) Calculate the air volume flow rate using equations (1) and (2). q va The volumetric flow rate of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent can be calculated using equations (3) and (4). q vq .

[0088] (1)

[0089] (2)

[0090] (3)

[0091] (4)

[0092] In the formula, q va Air volume flow rate; q ma Air mass flow rate; r a air density; T 1 represents the reading of the first thermocouple; p 0 represents atmospheric pressure; q vq This refers to the volumetric flow rate of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent. q mq This refers to the mass flow rate of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent. r q This refers to the density of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent.

[0093] (b) The critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the gaseous extinguishing agent is calculated using equation (5). v .

[0094] (5)

[0095] In the formula, α vq This refers to the critical extinguishing volume concentration of the gaseous extinguishing agent. q vq This refers to the volumetric flow rate of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent. q va This refers to the air volumetric flow rate.

[0096] (c) Calculate the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the gaseous extinguishing agent using equation (6). α mq .

[0097] (6)

[0098] In the formula, α mq The critical extinguishing mass concentration of the gaseous extinguishing agent; q mq This refers to the mass flow rate of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent. q vq This refers to the volumetric flow rate of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent. q va This refers to the air volumetric flow rate.

[0099] Step A9, drawing T 2. T 3. A graph showing the change in extinguishing agent concentration to evaluate the cooling effect of gaseous extinguishing agents.

[0100] Step A10: Take multiple measurements and average the results.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] The third embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the extinguishing concentration of a liquid fire extinguishing agent. Taking a liquid gaseous fire extinguishing agent (which is liquid at room temperature) as an example, the process of testing the critical extinguishing concentration of the liquid gaseous fire extinguishing agent using the testing system in the first embodiment is as follows.

[0103] Step B1: Calibrate the peristaltic pump before testing. n y Rotation speed and extinguishing agent mass flow rate q my The relationship.

[0104] Step B2, the same as steps A1-A4 in the second embodiment, yields the air mass flow rate. q ma (g / min) and fuel mass flow rate q mr (g / min).

[0105] Step B3: Turn on the peristaltic pump, adjust the peristaltic pump speed to a minimum value, and adjust the outlet temperature of the mixing heater. T Temperatures range from 4 to 70°C (greater than the vaporization temperature of the liquid extinguishing agent), wait 30 seconds, observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the reading of the second thermocouple at this flow rate. T 2 and the third thermocouple readings T 3.

[0106] Step B4: Slightly increase the peristaltic pump speed, ensuring the increase is less than 3% of the current value. Wait 30 seconds, observe if the flame extinguishes, and record the reading of the second thermocouple at this flow rate. T 2 and the third thermocouple readings T 3.

[0107] Step B5: Repeat the above process until the flame is extinguished, and record the peristaltic pump speed at this time.n y and the reading of the first thermocouple T 1.

[0108] Step B6: Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the liquid gas extinguishing agent. vy (%) and critical extinguishing mass concentration α my (g / m 3 ).

[0109] For example, the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the liquid gas extinguishing agent is calculated. vy (%) and critical extinguishing mass concentration α my (g / m 3 The process is as follows:

[0110] (a) Calculate the air volume flow rate using equations (1) and (2). q va The volumetric flow rate of the liquid gas extinguishing agent can be calculated using equations (7) to (9). q vq .

[0111] (7)

[0112] (8)

[0113] (9)

[0114] In the formula, q my The mass flow rate of the liquid gaseous fire extinguishing agent; n y This refers to the peristaltic pump speed; q vy This refers to the volumetric flow rate of the liquid gaseous extinguishing agent. r y The density of the liquid gaseous fire extinguishing agent; T 1 represents the reading of the first thermocouple; p 0 represents atmospheric pressure.

[0115] (b) The critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the liquid gas extinguishing agent is calculated using equation (10). vy .

[0116] (10)

[0117] In the formula, α vy This refers to the critical extinguishing volume concentration of the liquid gas extinguishing agent. q vy This refers to the volumetric flow rate of the liquid gaseous extinguishing agent. qva This refers to the air volumetric flow rate.

[0118] (c) Calculate the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the liquid gas extinguishing agent using equation (11). α my .

[0119] (11)

[0120] In the formula, α my The critical extinguishing mass concentration of the liquid gas extinguishing agent; q my The mass flow rate of the liquid gaseous fire extinguishing agent; q vy This refers to the volumetric flow rate of the liquid gaseous extinguishing agent. q va This refers to the air volumetric flow rate.

[0121] Step B7, drawing T 2. T 3. A graph showing the change in extinguishing agent concentration to evaluate the cooling effect of liquid gas extinguishing agents.

[0122] Step B8: Take multiple measurements and average the results.

[0123] Furthermore, when testing liquid extinguishing agents at room temperature, since the liquid extinguishing agent needs to be heated into a gas in the mixing heater, insulation must be added to the subsequent pipelines of the mixing heater to ensure that it always reaches the combustion cup in gaseous form for extinguishing the fire. This can be determined by monitoring the reading of the first thermocouple. If the reading of the first thermocouple is consistently higher than the vaporization temperature of the extinguishing agent, the current test result is considered correct; otherwise, insulation should be added and the test repeated.

[0124] Example 4

[0125] The fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the extinguishing concentration of a fine water mist fire extinguishing agent. Taking a fine water mist fire extinguishing agent as an example, the process of testing the critical extinguishing concentration of the fine water mist fire extinguishing agent using the testing system in the first embodiment is as follows.

[0126] Step C1: Turn on the exhaust hood and exhaust gas treatment device, and turn on the data acquisition unit.

[0127] Step C2: Turn on the air supply unit and adjust the compressed air flow rate.

[0128] Specifically, add pure water or an aqueous solution containing fire extinguishing enhancer to the ultrasonic atomizer, and install a blind flange at the flange of the dry powder fire extinguishing unit. Turn on the air compressor, open the first and third valves, and keep the other valves closed. Using the first gas flow controller, adjust the air flow to approximately 40 L / min and record the controller reading. qma (g / min).

[0129] Step C3: Activate the fire simulation unit and generate a flame of a predetermined height by adjusting the gas flow rate.

[0130] Specifically, open the fuel cylinder (propane), open the first pressure reducing valve, slightly open the rotor flow meter, ignite the fuel, adjust the flame height to 8cm using the rotor flow meter, and record the flow meter reading. q mr (g / min).

[0131] Step C4: Observe the stability of the flame and maintain stable combustion for 60 seconds.

[0132] Step C5: Turn on the ultrasonic atomizer, adjust the power to a low value, use a second precision electronic scale to record the rate of weight loss, obtain the mass flow rate, wait 30 seconds, observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the reading of the second thermocouple at this flow rate. T 2 and the third thermocouple readings T 3.

[0133] Step C6: Slightly increase the atomizer power, ensuring the increase is less than 3% of the current value. Wait 30 seconds, observe if the flame extinguishes, and record the reading of the second thermocouple at this flow rate. T 2 and the third thermocouple readings T 3.

[0134] Step C7: Repeat the above process until the flame is extinguished, and record the mass flow rate of the fine water mist at this time. q mw and the reading of the first thermocouple T 1.

[0135] Step C8: Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the fine water mist extinguishing agent. vw (%) and critical extinguishing mass concentration α mw (g / m 3 ).

[0136] For example, the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the fine water mist fire extinguishing agent is calculated. vw (%) and critical extinguishing mass concentration α mw (g / m 3 The process is as follows:

[0137] (a) Calculate the air volume flow rate using equations (1) and (2). q va The volumetric flow rate of the fine water mist extinguishing agent was calculated using equations (12) and (13). q vw .

[0138] (12)

[0139] (13)

[0140] In the formula, q mw The mass flow rate of the fine water mist fire extinguishing agent; q vw The volumetric flow rate of the fine water mist fire extinguishing agent; r w The density of the fine water mist fire extinguishing agent; T 1 represents the reading of the first thermocouple; p 0 represents atmospheric pressure.

[0141] (b) The critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the fine water mist extinguishing agent is calculated using equation (14). vw .

[0142] (14)

[0143] In the formula, α vw The critical extinguishing volume concentration of fine water mist extinguishing agent; q vw The volumetric flow rate of the fine water mist fire extinguishing agent; q va This refers to the air volumetric flow rate.

[0144] (c) Calculate the critical extinguishing mass concentration of fine water mist extinguishing agent using equation (15). α mw .

[0145] (15)

[0146] In the formula, α my The critical extinguishing mass concentration of fine water mist fire extinguishing agent; q mw The mass flow rate of the fine water mist fire extinguishing agent; q vw The volumetric flow rate of the fine water mist fire extinguishing agent; q va This refers to the air volumetric flow rate.

[0147] Step C9, drawing T 2. T 3. A graph showing the change in extinguishing agent concentration to evaluate the cooling effect of fine water mist extinguishing agent.

[0148] Step C10: Take multiple measurements and average the results.

[0149] Example 5

[0150] The fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the extinguishing concentration of a dry powder fire extinguishing agent. Taking a dry powder fire extinguishing agent as an example, the process of testing the critical extinguishing concentration of the dry powder fire extinguishing agent using the testing system in the first embodiment is as follows.

[0151] Step D1: Calibrate the stepper motor pump before testing. n f Rotation speed and extinguishing agent mass flow rate q mf The relationship.

[0152] Step D2: Turn on the exhaust hood and exhaust gas treatment device, and turn on the data acquisition unit.

[0153] Step D3: Turn on the air supply unit and adjust the compressed air flow rate.

[0154] Specifically, add the fire extinguishing powder to be tested into the powder hopper and turn on the vibrator. Turn on the air compressor, open the first and second valves, and keep the other valves closed. Using the first gas flow controller, adjust the air flow rate to approximately 40 L / min and record the controller reading. q ma (g / min).

[0155] Step D4: Activate the fire simulation unit and generate a flame of a predetermined height by adjusting the gas flow rate.

[0156] Specifically, open the fuel cylinder (propane), open the first pressure reducing valve, slightly open the rotor flow meter, ignite the fuel, adjust the flame height to 8cm using the rotor flow meter, and record the flow meter reading. q mr (g / min).

[0157] Step D5: Observe the stability of the flame and maintain stable combustion for 60 seconds.

[0158] Step D6: Turn on the stepper motor, adjust the speed to a low value, and wait for 5 minutes to allow the powder to completely fill the feed channel and be evenly carried into the flue by the air. Then wait another 30 seconds and observe whether the flame is extinguished. Record the reading of the second thermocouple at this flow rate. T 2 and the third thermocouple readings T 3.

[0159] Step D7: Slightly increase the stepper motor speed, ensuring the increase is less than 3% of the current value. Wait 30 seconds, observe if the flame extinguishes, and record the reading of the second thermocouple at this flow rate. T 2 and the third thermocouple readings T 3.

[0160] Step D8: Repeat the above process until the flame is extinguished, and record the stepper motor speed at this time.n f and the reading of the first thermocouple T 1.

[0161] Step D9: Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the dry powder extinguishing agent. vf (%) and critical extinguishing mass concentration α mf (g / m 3 ).

[0162] For example, the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of dry powder fire extinguishing agent is calculated. vf (%) and critical extinguishing mass concentration α mf (g / m 3 The process is as follows:

[0163] (a) Calculate the air volume flow rate using equations (1) and (2). q va The volumetric flow rate of the dry powder extinguishing agent can be calculated using equation (16). q vy .

[0164] (16)

[0165] In the formula, q mf This refers to the mass flow rate of the dry powder fire extinguishing agent. q vf This refers to the volumetric flow rate of the dry powder extinguishing agent. r f This refers to the density of the dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0166] (b) The critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the dry powder extinguishing agent is calculated using equation (17). vf .

[0167] (17)

[0168] In the formula, α vf This refers to the critical extinguishing volume concentration of dry powder extinguishing agents. q vf This refers to the volumetric flow rate of the dry powder extinguishing agent. q va This refers to the air volumetric flow rate.

[0169] (c) Calculate the critical extinguishing mass concentration of dry powder extinguishing agent using equation (18). α mf .

[0170] (18)

[0171] In the formula,α mf The critical extinguishing mass concentration of dry powder extinguishing agent; q mf This refers to the mass flow rate of the dry powder fire extinguishing agent. q vf This refers to the volumetric flow rate of the dry powder extinguishing agent. q va This refers to the air volumetric flow rate.

[0172] Note: Due to the small volume of dry powder extinguishing agents, their characterization should be based on mass concentration whenever possible. q vf 0 is acceptable.

[0173] Step D10, drawing T 2. T 3. A graph showing the change in extinguishing agent concentration to evaluate the cooling effect of dry powder extinguishing agents.

[0174] Step D11: Take multiple measurements and average the results.

[0175] Example 6

[0176] The sixth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the extinguishing concentration of various types of fire extinguishing agents, the method comprising the following steps:

[0177] Referring to the test procedures for different types of extinguishing agents in the second to fifth embodiments, after a flame of a predetermined flame height is formed through a fire simulation unit, several extinguishing units belonging to different extinguishing agents are simultaneously activated to test the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for each extinguishing agent when multiple extinguishing agents are applied together. α m11 , α m21 ... α mn1 .

[0178] Assume the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the first extinguishing agent to be applied in combination is: α m11 The critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the second extinguishing agent to be applied in combination is: α m21 The critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the i-th extinguishing agent when applied in combination is: α mi1 ...The critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the nth extinguishing agent when applied in combination is... α mn1 .

[0179] The critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the i-th extinguishing agent when applied in combination is calculated as follows:

[0180] (19)

[0181] In the formula, α mi1 The critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the i-th extinguishing agent when applied in combination; q mi1 Let be the mass flow rate required for the i-th extinguishing agent when applied in combination; q va Air volume flow rate; q v11 This is the volumetric flow rate required for the first extinguishing agent to be applied in combination. q v11 This refers to the volumetric flow rate required when the second extinguishing agent is applied in combination. q vn1 Let n be the volumetric flow rate required when the nth extinguishing agent is applied in combination.

[0182] Example 7

[0183] The seventh embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, the method comprising the following steps:

[0184] Step S101: Determine the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for each extinguishing agent when applied alone using the above-described extinguishing concentration test method.

[0185] The critical extinguishing mass concentration required for different types of extinguishing agents when applied alone can be tested according to the test procedures for different types of extinguishing agents in the second to fifth embodiments.

[0186] Step S102: Determine the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for each extinguishing agent when applied in combination using the above-described extinguishing concentration test method.

[0187] The critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the combined application of different types of extinguishing agents can be tested according to the test procedure for multiple types of extinguishing agents in the sixth embodiment.

[0188] Step S103: Evaluate the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents based on the synergistic factor.

[0189] The formula for calculating the synergy factor can be:

[0190] (20)

[0191] in, d As a cooperating factor; α m10 This refers to the critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the first extinguishing agent is applied alone. α m20 This refers to the critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the second extinguishing agent is applied alone.α mn0 The critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the nth extinguishing agent is applied alone; α m11 This is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the first extinguishing agent to be applied in combination. α m21 This is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the combined application of the second extinguishing agent; α mn1 This represents the critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the nth extinguishing agent is applied in combination.

[0192] For example, the process of evaluating the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents based on the synergistic factor includes, but is not limited to, the following sub-steps S1031~S1032A (or S1031~S1032B).

[0193] Sub-step S1031: Compare the size of the collaboration factor and the collaboration threshold.

[0194] Sub-step S1032A: If the synergy factor is greater than the synergy threshold, then the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is determined to be mutually inhibiting.

[0195] Sub-step S1032B: If the synergy factor is less than the synergy threshold, then the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is determined to be mutually reinforcing.

[0196] For example, the collaboration threshold can be set to 1 when d When the value is less than 1, it indicates that the combined use of extinguishing agents has a mutually reinforcing effect, and d The smaller the value, the better the combined effect. When d A value greater than 1 indicates that the combined use of extinguishing agents has a mutually inhibiting effect, and d The larger the value, the worse the combined effect.

[0197] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0198] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0199] Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, characterized in that, The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect includes: Fire extinguishing concentration tests were conducted using a multi-type fire extinguishing agent concentration testing system to determine the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each type of fire extinguishing agent when applied alone and the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each type of fire extinguishing agent when applied in combination. The synergy factor is determined based on the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for each extinguishing agent when applied alone and the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for each extinguishing agent when applied in combination. Based on the comparison results of synergy factor and synergy threshold, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is evaluated. The testing system includes: a fire simulation unit, a mixing unit, an air supply unit, a fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem, and a data acquisition unit; The fire simulation unit is used to simulate a fire at a predetermined flame height; The mixing unit is connected to the fire simulation unit and is used to uniformly mix compressed air and at least one extinguishing agent output by the extinguishing agent supply subsystem to form a mixed gas. The extinguishing agent supply subsystem is connected to the mixing unit and includes at least two of the following: a first gas extinguishing unit, a second gas extinguishing unit, a dry powder extinguishing unit, and a water spray extinguishing unit. The first gas extinguishing unit, the second gas extinguishing unit, the dry powder extinguishing unit, and the water spray extinguishing unit are arranged in parallel. The air supply unit is connected to the extinguishing agent supply subsystem and is used to provide compressed air to carry at least one extinguishing agent output by the extinguishing agent supply subsystem. The data acquisition unit includes a flame temperature acquisition module and a mixed gas temperature acquisition module. The flame temperature acquisition module is used to measure the flame temperature, and the mixed gas temperature acquisition module is used to measure the mixed gas temperature. The fire extinguishing concentration test includes the following procedures: Turn on the air supply unit and adjust the compressed air flow rate; The fire simulation unit is activated, and the gas flow rate is adjusted to generate a flame at a predetermined height. The fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem is activated, and at least one fire extinguishing agent is provided to the fire simulation unit according to the set fire extinguishing strategy. The concentration of the fire extinguishing agent is continuously increased by a predetermined increment until the flame is extinguished. After the fire is extinguished, obtain the air mass flow rate, the mass flow rate of each extinguishing agent, and the temperature of the mixed gas. Based on the temperature of the mixed gas, determine the volumetric flow rate and air volumetric flow rate for each extinguishing agent; The critical extinguishing volume concentration is determined based on the volumetric flow rate and air volumetric flow rate of each extinguishing agent; Repeat the above process to determine the average value of the critical extinguishing volume concentration.

2. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire simulation unit includes a combustion cup, a fuel cylinder, a first pressure reducing valve, and a chimney. The fuel cylinder supplies a predetermined flow rate of gas to the combustion cup through the first pressure reducing valve. The combustion cup is located inside the chimney and is used to simulate a fire at a predetermined flame height.

3. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gas extinguishing unit is used to deliver a liquid gaseous extinguishing agent at room temperature to the mixing unit, and the connecting pipeline between the first gaseous extinguishing unit and the mixing unit is provided with a heat insulation layer; the second gaseous extinguishing unit is used to deliver a gaseous extinguishing agent at room temperature to the mixing unit; the dry powder extinguishing unit is used to deliver a dry powder extinguishing agent to the mixing unit; and the water spray extinguishing unit is used to deliver a water spray extinguishing agent to the mixing unit.

4. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mixing unit is located below the chimney, the flame temperature acquisition module is located above the combustion cup, and the mixed gas temperature acquisition module is located in the middle of the chimney.

5. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gas extinguishing unit includes an extinguishing agent container, a liquid pump, and a mixing heater; the air supply unit includes an air compressor and a first gas flow controller; and the second gas extinguishing unit includes an extinguishing agent cylinder, a second pressure reducing valve, and a second gas flow controller. The extinguishing agent container is connected to the mixing heater via a liquid pump, and the air compressor is connected to the mixing heater via a first gas flow controller; The extinguishing agent cylinder is connected to the mixing heater via a second pressure reducing valve and a second gas flow controller; The mixing heater is used to mix and heat gaseous fire extinguishing agents that are in a liquid and / or gaseous state at room temperature with compressed air.

6. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dry powder fire extinguishing unit includes a screw feeder, a vibrator, and a feeding channel. The screw feeder is used to feed the dry powder fire extinguishing agent into the feeding channel, and the vibrator is located below the screw feeder to compact the powder.

7. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dry powder fire extinguishing unit includes a fluidized bed and a rectifier plate. The fluidized bed contains dry powder fire extinguishing agent. The bottom of the fluidized bed is connected to the air supply unit, the top of the fluidized bed is connected to the mixing unit, and the rectifier plate is installed inside the fluidized bed.

8. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water spray fire extinguishing unit includes an ultrasonic atomizer. The inlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the air supply unit, and the outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the mixing unit. The ultrasonic atomizer includes a liquid pool and an ultrasonic atomization module. The liquid pool contains an aqueous solution of pure water or fire extinguishing enhancer. The ultrasonic atomization module is placed at the bottom of the pool to adjust the water mist supply.

9. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire simulation unit is equipped with an exhaust gas treatment unit on its top.

10. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing concentration test also includes the following procedures: The critical extinguishing mass concentration is determined based on the mass flow rate, volumetric flow rate, and air volumetric flow rate of each extinguishing agent.

11. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect also includes: During the fire extinguishing process, the flame temperature at different heights above the combustion cup was measured under different concentrations of extinguishing agents, and the flame temperature at different heights was plotted as a function of the concentration of each extinguishing agent to evaluate the cooling effect of each extinguishing agent.

12. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The evaluation of the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of various fire extinguishing agents based on the comparison results of the synergistic factor and the synergistic threshold includes: Compare the magnitudes of the synergy factor and the synergy threshold; If the synergy factor is greater than the synergy threshold, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is determined to be mutually inhibiting. If the synergy factor is less than the synergy threshold, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is determined to be mutually reinforcing.

13. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 12, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the synergy factor is: ， in, δ As a cooperating factor; α m10 This refers to the critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the first extinguishing agent is applied alone. α m20 This refers to the critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the second extinguishing agent is applied alone. α mn0 The critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the nth extinguishing agent is applied alone; α m11 This is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the first extinguishing agent to be applied in combination. α m21 This is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the combined application of the second extinguishing agent; α mn1 This represents the critical extinguishing mass concentration required when the nth extinguishing agent is applied in combination.

Images