Fault detection method of relay protection equipment, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault detection method and device for relay protection equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the operation data of the relay protection equipment through a mobile operation and maintenance tester, and constructing a relay protection topological structure based on the relay protection equipment, the automatic identification of the incoming and outgoing line connection relation of each topological node in the relay protection topological structure is realized; on the basis of a relay protection topological structure, current protection information of a transformer outgoing line is collected based on multiple agents, and whether faults occur on all feeder lines or not is judged; according to the relay protection topological structure, JSON data is generated for the collection information of each topological node for automatic testing and sent to a relay protection tester, the test result is compared with the feedback result of whether a fault occurs on each feeder line for verification, and relay protection fault detection is completed. According to the method, automatic identification of the incoming and outgoing line connection relation of each topological node can be realized as soon as possible, the method is suitable for standardized automatic test of relay protection equipment, and information fusion based on a relay protection test result and mobile operation and maintenance inspection is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power system safety technology, and in particular to a fault detection method, equipment and medium for relay protection equipment. Background Art

[0002] When a fault occurs in an electric component (such as a generator, line, etc.) or in the electric system itself, endangering the safe operation of the electric system, an automated measure and equipment can promptly send a warning signal to the operating personnel on duty, or directly send a tripping command to the controlled circuit breaker to terminate the development of these events. The complete set of equipment that implements this automated measure is generally referred to as a relay protection device. The relay protection test device is an important test tool to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power system. With the continuous expansion of the scale of modern power systems and the continuous improvement of the reliability and efficiency of power system operation and management, the testing work of relay protection personnel has become more frequent and complex.

[0003] In addition, the prior art does not classify the transformers, meter boxes, etc., so the structural relationships in the topology are complicated, which is not conducive to subsequent fault detection. Summary of the invention

[0004] Technical purpose: In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention discloses a fault detection method, equipment and medium for relay protection equipment. The constructed relay protection topology structure is convenient for automatically identifying the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node as soon as possible when multiple relay protection equipment are randomly connected to the distribution network. It is suitable for standardized automatic testing of relay protection equipment and realizes information fusion based on relay protection test results and mobile operation and maintenance inspection.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A fault detection method for a relay protection device comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step S1, using a mobile operation and maintenance and tester to collect operating data of the relay protection device, construct a relay protection topology structure based on the relay protection device, and realize automatic identification of the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node in the relay protection topology structure;

[0008] Step S2: Based on the relay protection topology structure of step S1, current protection information of transformer outgoing lines is collected by multi-agents to determine whether a fault occurs on each feeder line;

[0009] Step S3: According to the relay protection topology structure, the collected information of each topological node generates JSON data for automatic testing, and sends it to the relay protection tester. The test results are compared and verified with the results of whether a fault occurs on each feeder fed back in step S2 to complete the relay protection fault detection.

[0010] Preferably, step S1 comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step S11, connecting several relay protection devices to the distribution network, including photovoltaic power generation system, pumped storage power generation system, wind power generation system, gas turbine power generation system, and setting six-level topological nodes in the relay protection topological structure from user load to distribution network, wherein the first-level topological node is the transformer, the second-level node is the distribution network transformer, the third-level node is the distribution cabinet, the fourth-level node is the branch box, the fifth-level node is the meter box, and the sixth-level node is the user meter; constructing the relay protection topological structure according to the six-level topological nodes;

[0012] Step S12, collecting the incoming and outgoing line data sets of topological nodes at all levels in the relay protection topological structure;

[0013] Step S13, performing correlation analysis and calculation on the data in the incoming line data set J and the outgoing line data set C, and judging that the incoming line and the outgoing line corresponding to a set of information with a correlation of 1 are connected;

[0014] Step S14, calculate the correlation between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node in the relay protection topological structure until each incoming line is connected to one outgoing line, and each outgoing line is connected to one incoming line or is not connected to an incoming line, so as to realize automatic identification of the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node; if the incoming line is not connected to the outgoing line or the outgoing line is connected to at least two incoming lines, return to step S12 to re-acquire the incoming and outgoing line data sets, and then calculate the correlation.

[0015] Preferably, collecting the incoming and outgoing line data sets of topological nodes at each level in the relay protection topological structure in step S12 includes:

[0016] According to the relay protection topology structure, the collection information of each topology node is set as follows:

[0017] G=[G1,G2,...,G g ], where G g is all the data information collected during the g-th information collection. The value of g is set according to the actual situation. The data information includes five information attributes: current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W, namely G g = {I g ,V g ,P g ,Q g ,Wg};

[0018] Each topological node has its corresponding incoming and outgoing lines. The data set corresponding to the incoming line is J = {G j1 ,G j2 ,...,G jm}, Among them, G jm The corresponding data set for the mth incoming line, G jm = {I jg ,V jg ,P jg ,Q jg ,W jg}, where I jg ,V jg ,P jg ,Q jg ,W jg They represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data corresponding to the mth incoming line, and the formula is expressed as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, I g ,V g ,P g ,Q g ,W g They respectively represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data at the time of the g-th information collection;

[0021] The data set corresponding to the outgoing line is C = {G c1 ,G c2 ,...,G cn}, Among them, G cn is the data set corresponding to the nth outgoing line; G cn = {I cg ,V cg ,P cg ,Q cg ,W cg}, where I cg ,V cg ,P cg ,Q cg ,W cg They represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data corresponding to the nth incoming line, and the formula is expressed as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, I g ,Vg ,P g ,Q g ,W g They respectively represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data at the g-th information collection.

[0024] Preferably, the correlation analysis in step S13 includes:

[0025] The correlation of the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data corresponding to each incoming and outgoing line is calculated according to the information attributes. The correlation ρ jc The calculation formula is:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, x and y represent the current I or voltage V or active power P or reactive power Q or power consumption W data corresponding to a certain incoming line or outgoing line, that is, (I jg ,I cg )、(V jg ,V cg )、(P jg ,P cg )、(Q jg ,Q cg )、(W jg ,W cg ) are taken as a group (x,y), and the corresponding ρ is calculated. jc , and are denoted as ρ I , V , P , Q , W , x(i) and y(i) represent the i-th x and y respectively, 1≤i≤g;

[0028] It should be noted that when performing correlation calculation, (x, y) will be normalized in advance.

[0029] The mth incoming line G jm With the nth outlet G cn The correlation calculation formula is:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, δ I , δ V , δ P , δ Q , δ W They are the correlation thresholds of current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W respectively.

[0032] Preferably, step S2 comprises:

[0033] S21. Introduce multiple agents according to the relay protection topology structure of step S1, including a collection agent, a state estimation agent, a set value management agent, a logic judgment agent, a safety monitoring agent, a protection strategy agent and a communication agent; the collection agent is used to collect the collection information of each topology node, and synchronously transmit the collection information to the protection strategy agent and the state estimation agent; the state estimation agent is used to judge whether the operating status of the relay protection topology structure is normal based on the collection information, and send the operating status result to the logic judgment agent; the logic judgment agent is used to obtain a set value command based on the operating status result; the set value management agent is used to manage the protection set values ​​according to the operating status result and the set value command of the logic judgment agent, and the protection set values ​​include current, voltage, active power, reactive power, and power consumption; the safety monitoring agent is used to receive the operating values ​​of the relay protection topology structure in real time and monitor the operating status; the protection strategy agent is used to compare the collection information with the set values ​​of the relay protection topology structure during normal operation, and formulate protection information based on the comparison results. The communication agent is used to realize communication between various agents;

[0034] S22, judging the direction of the protection current according to the relay protection topology structure of step S1 and the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topology node after identification;

[0035] S23. After determining the direction of the protection current, calculate the protection range according to the equivalent impedance of the protection line;

[0036] S24, calculate the current protection setting value according to the protection range;

[0037] S25. Determine whether a fault occurs on each feeder and calculate the location of the fault: Based on the collected current value at the transformer topology node and the current protection setting value, if the current value is greater than the current protection setting value, determine that a fault exists, and then calculate the location of the fault.

[0038] Preferably, in step S23, the protection range is calculated according to the equivalent impedance of the protection line, and the calculation formula is:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, K is the fault type coefficient, which is selected according to the actual situation, and Z l is the equivalent impedance of the lth protection line, Z max is the equivalent impedance of the relay protection topology structure at maximum operation, N is the stability factor, and its value is 1.2;

[0041] In step S24, the current protection setting value is calculated according to the protection range, and the calculation formula is:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, U l is the voltage of the lth protection circuit.

[0044] Preferably, in the step S25, in calculating the location where the fault occurs, the formula for determining the location of the fault outlet line is:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, I p ,I q are the currents of the faulty outgoing line p and the faulty outgoing line q of the transformer, I s is the starting current when a fault occurs, and k is the proportional coefficient.

[0047] Preferably, step S3 includes: searching for a test template stored in itself for automated testing according to the topological node type in the JSON data; comparing the physical quantity data in the JSON data with the preset customized data during the automated testing, and outputting a warning list prompt for the physical quantity data that exceeds a preset threshold.

[0048] An electronic device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, any of the above-mentioned fault detection methods based on relay protection equipment is implemented.

[0049] A computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions are used to execute any of the above-mentioned fault detection methods for relay protection equipment.

[0050] Beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. The relay protection topology structure constructed by the present invention facilitates the automatic identification of the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node as soon as possible when multiple relay protection devices are randomly connected to the distribution network. It is suitable for standardized automatic testing of relay protection devices and realizes information fusion based on relay protection test results and mobile operation and maintenance inspection;

[0052] 2. In the present invention, when collecting the incoming and outgoing line data sets, data with different information attributes are obtained in the process of automatically identifying the incoming and outgoing line connection relationship, and the overall variables are considered when calculating the correlation, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation;

[0053] 3. The present invention obtains the protection information of each feeder through multi-agent technology, and then determines whether a fault occurs on each feeder and calculates the location of the fault, and compares it with subsequent fault results to further improve the accuracy of fault detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following further describes and explains a fault detection method, device and medium of a relay protection device of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a fault detection method for a relay protection device comprises the following steps:

[0057] Step S1, using a mobile operation and maintenance and tester to collect operation data of the relay protection device, construct a relay protection topology structure based on the relay protection device, and realize automatic identification of the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node in the relay protection topology structure;

[0058] Specifically, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0059] Step S11, connecting several systems connected to relay protection equipment to the distribution network, including photovoltaic power generation system (PV), pumped storage power generation system (PP), wind power generation system (WD), gas turbine power generation system (GT), setting six-level topology nodes in the relay protection topology structure from user load to distribution network, wherein the first-level topology node is the transformer, the second-level node is the distribution network transformer, the third-level node is the distribution cabinet, the fourth-level node is the branch box, the fifth-level node is the meter box, and the sixth-level node is the user meter; constructing the relay protection topology structure according to the six-level topology nodes;

[0060] Step S12, collecting the incoming and outgoing line data sets of topological nodes at all levels in the relay protection topological structure;

[0061] In the present invention, the collection information of each topological node is set according to the relay protection topological structure as follows:

[0062] G=[G1,G2,...,G g ], where G g is all the data information collected during the g-th information collection. The value of g is set according to the actual situation. The data information includes five information attributes: current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W, namely G g = {I g ,V g ,Pg ,Q g ,W g};

[0063] Each topological node has its corresponding incoming and outgoing lines. The data set corresponding to the incoming line is J = {G j1 ,G j2 ,...,G jm}, Among them, G jm The corresponding data set for the mth incoming line, G jm = {I jg ,V jg ,P jg ,Q jg ,W jg}, where I jg ,V jg ,P jg ,Q jg ,W jg They represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data corresponding to the mth incoming line, and the formula is expressed as follows:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, I g ,V g ,P g ,Q g ,W g They respectively represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data at the time of the g-th information collection;

[0066] The data set corresponding to the outgoing line is C = {G c1 ,G c2 ,...,G cn}, Among them, G cn is the data set corresponding to the nth outgoing line; G cn = {I cg ,V cg ,P cg ,Q cg ,W cg}, where I cg ,V cg ,P cg ,Q cg ,W cg They represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data corresponding to the nth incoming line, and the formula is expressed as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, I g ,V g ,P g ,Q g ,W g They respectively represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data at the time of the g-th information collection;

[0069] Step S13, performing correlation analysis and calculation on the data in the incoming line data set J and the outgoing line data set C, and judging that the incoming line and the outgoing line corresponding to a set of information with a correlation of 1 are connected;

[0070] The correlation of the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data corresponding to each incoming and outgoing line is calculated according to the information attributes. The correlation ρ jc The calculation formula is:

[0071]

[0072] Where x and y represent the current I or voltage V or active power P or reactive power Q or power consumption W data corresponding to a certain incoming line or outgoing line, respectively, such as (I jg ,I cg )、(V jg ,V cg )、(P jg ,P cg )、(Q jg ,Q cg )、(W jg ,W cg ) are taken as a group (x,y), and the corresponding ρ is calculated. jc , and are denoted as ρ I , V , P , Q , W , x(i) and y(i) represent the i-th x and y respectively, 1≤i≤g;

[0073] It should be noted that when performing correlation calculation, (x, y) will be normalized in advance.

[0074] The mth incoming line G jm With the nth outlet G cn The correlation calculation formula is:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, δ I , δ V , δ P ,δ Q , δW They are the correlation thresholds of current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W, respectively. The value of the correlation threshold does not exceed 100%, and the specific value is set according to the actual situation. In some embodiments of the present invention, the correlation threshold is 60%;

[0077] Step S14, calculate the correlation between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node in the relay protection topological structure until each incoming line is connected to one outgoing line, and each outgoing line is connected to one incoming line or is not connected to an incoming line, so as to realize automatic identification of the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node; if the incoming line is not connected to the outgoing line or the outgoing line is connected to at least two incoming lines, return to step S12 to re-acquire the incoming and outgoing line data sets, and then calculate the correlation.

[0078] The relay protection topology structure constructed by the present invention facilitates the automatic identification of the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node as soon as possible when multiple relay protection devices are randomly connected to the distribution network. It is suitable for standardized automatic testing of relay protection devices and realizes information fusion based on relay protection test results and mobile operation and maintenance inspection. In addition, in the present invention, when collecting the incoming and outgoing line data sets, data with different information attributes are obtained, and the overall variables are considered when calculating the correlation, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation.

[0079] Step S2, based on the relay protection topology structure of step S1, current protection information of transformer outgoing lines is collected by multi-agents to determine whether a fault occurs on each feeder; comprising the following steps:

[0080] S21, according to the relay protection topology structure of step S1, introduce multiple intelligent agents, including collection agent, state estimation agent, fixed value management agent, logic judgment agent, safety monitoring agent, protection strategy agent and communication agent; the collection agent is used to collect the collection information of each topology node, and synchronously transmit the collection information to the protection strategy agent and the state estimation agent; the state estimation agent is used to judge whether the operation status of the relay protection topology structure is normal according to the collection information, and send the operation status result to the logic judgment agent; the logic judgment agent is used to obtain the fixed value command according to the operation status result; the fixed value management agent is used to manage the protection fixed value according to the operation status result and the fixed value command of the logic judgment agent, and the protection fixed value includes current, voltage, active power, reactive power, and power consumption; the safety monitoring agent is used to receive the operation value of the relay protection topology structure in real time and monitor the operation status; the protection strategy agent is used to compare the collection information with the fixed value of the relay protection topology structure during normal operation, and formulate the protection information according to the comparison result. The communication agent is used to realize the communication between each agent.

[0081] S22. According to the relay protection topology structure of step S1 and the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topology node after identification, the direction of the protection current is determined. Six-level topology nodes are set in the relay protection topology structure of the present invention. The direction of the protection current is from the upper level to the lower level, from the incoming line to the outgoing line, that is, from the transformer to the distribution network transformer.

[0082] S23. After determining the direction of the protection current, calculate the protection range γ according to the equivalent impedance of the protection line. The calculation formula is:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, K is the fault type coefficient, which is selected according to the actual situation, and Z l is the equivalent impedance of the lth protection line, Z max is the equivalent impedance of the relay protection topology structure at maximum operation, N is the stability factor, and its value is 1.2;

[0085] S24, calculate the current protection setting value according to the protection range γ, the current protection setting value I Z The calculation formula is:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, U l is the voltage of the lth protection circuit;

[0088] S25, judging whether a fault occurs on each feeder and calculating the location of the fault: according to the current value and the current protection setting value collected at the transformer topology node, if the current value is greater than the current protection setting value, it is judged that a fault exists. At this time, the formula for judging the location of the faulty line is:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, I p ,I q are the currents of the faulty outgoing line p and the faulty outgoing line q of the transformer, I s is the starting current when a fault occurs, and k is the proportional coefficient, which is set according to actual conditions.

[0091] The present invention obtains protection information of each feeder through multi-agent technology, and then determines whether a fault occurs on each feeder and calculates the location of the fault, and compares it with subsequent fault results to further improve the accuracy of fault detection.

[0092] Step S3, according to the relay protection topology structure, generate JSON data for automated testing of the collected information of each topological node, and send it to the relay protection tester, including: according to the topological node type in the JSON data, search for the test template stored in itself for automated testing; in the automated test, compare the physical quantity data in the JSON data with the preset customized data, output a warning list prompt for the physical quantity data exceeding the preset threshold, and compare and verify with the results of whether a fault occurs on each feeder fed back in step S2, so as to solve the problem of heavy workload and easy errors in manual on-site verification of protection settings.

[0093] Before the automated test, the tester is connected to the relay protection topology, and each topology node sends the JSON data generated by the Bluetooth connection parameters to the tester;

[0094] The tester receives the JSON data and returns a "CmdId":"","ID":"Message","Message":"Received Bluetooth client name: XXXX" message. If the tester returns the data result, each topology node receives the test data. If the Bluetooth connection fails, the test ends.

[0095] During automated testing, each topology node sends test JSON data to the tester; the tester receives the JSON data and returns a "CmdId":"9","ID":"Message","Message":"FZSetting=4.5500;ZAng=90.0000;Rate=1.0500;TSetting=1.1500;FaultIf=5.0000;FaultDirection=1;FaultPermanent=0;Fault Time=1.3000;PreFaultTime=5.0000;Zshort=4.7775;IShortAngle=90.0000;TtripA=0.2136;TtripB=0.0000;TtripC=0.0000;TtripD=0.0000;TtripAcc=0.0000;ActA=1;ActB=0;ActC=0;ActD=0;AcAcc=0;RsltJdg=1;RsltDsc=1;AbsError=0.0000;RelError=0.0000;RsltEx1=0;RsltEx2=0;RsltEx3=0;RsltEx4=0;"or Failure, TestFinished, TestOverTime message, if the tester data result is returned, each topology node receives the test data, otherwise the tester ends the test;

[0096] The data format requirement is: the transmitted data is in json format.

[0097] The data format received by the tester is:

[0098] {"CmdId":"Command Id", / / Command Id, which should be consistent with the sent CmdId and remain unique

[0099] "ID":"Function ID","Parameter":"Test parameter ID1 = VALUE; Test parameter ID2 = VALUE;"}

[0100] Or {"CmdId":"Command Id","ID":"Message","Message":"STOPTEST" / / Exists when ID is message. One of STOPTEST and getreport}

[0101] Tester feedback test result data

[0102] {"CmdId":"Command Id", / / Command Id

[0103] "ID":"Message", / / If it is a message, it is Message; if it is a function, it is the corresponding function ID

[0104] "Message":"Test parameter ID1 = VALUE; Test parameter ID2 = VALUE;" / / Exists when ID is a function ID; Result returns all test parameters and test results;

[0105] Or "Message":"" / / Exists when ID is message. One of OK, Failure, TestFinished, TestOverTime, TestBegin, or Received topology node name: XXXX}.

[0106] In addition, the tester completes automatic testing according to the relay protection topology, and can automatically read the action behavior of the protection device, automatically check the debugging data, and automatically generate a test report; develop a communication interface between the test software and the smart mobile terminal, receive test control commands and other information issued by the relay protection mobile data terminal, and simultaneously send the test data and test reports to the relay protection mobile terminal.

[0107] The protection device can also perform automatic calibration control and test data collection. The device model is obtained through the intelligent mobile terminal, and the test template is queried in conjunction with the test data management application. After downloading the device test template, a data connection is established with the tester through the wireless communication module to control the automatic test process and collect test results.

[0108] The present invention can also construct intelligent test management of relay protection equipment, which is used to manage standard intelligent test models of relay protection devices in substations in various regions. It can upload and download intelligent test models, which is convenient for customized management of secondary teams of various municipal companies and can also realize data sharing between each other. The system is connected to the mobile terminal to collect test data, and at the same time, the test data and result information are pushed to the inspection management module of the relay protection full business service platform, and the maintenance and debugging data are uniformly managed. The test results of the device can be further analyzed to realize advanced applications; the maintenance and debugging reports are uniformly archived to realize paperless management, avoid data loss and facilitate access and viewing.

[0109] The automatic test software for relay protection stores test data and test results to form historical records, providing a data basis for comparing the latest test records of the protection device with the previous records. It uses big data technology to intelligently analyze the aspect ratio of the data, calculate the characteristic values ​​of the data, analyze the data trend, and promptly identify potential problems such as optical power and temperature (operating conditions of the protection device, etc.), providing an accurate basis for maintenance and achieving effective auxiliary decision-making for protection equipment.

[0110] The present invention also discloses an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements any of the above-mentioned fault detection methods for relay protection devices when executing the program. The memory may be various types of memory, such as random access memory, read-only memory, flash memory, etc. The processor may be various types of processors, such as a central processing unit, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor, or an image processor, etc.

[0111] The present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for executing any of the above-mentioned methods for detecting faults in relay protection equipment. The storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc., which can store program codes.

[0112] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fault detection method for a relay protection device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, using a mobile operation and maintenance and tester to collect operating data of the relay protection device, construct a relay protection topology structure based on the relay protection device, and realize automatic identification of the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node in the relay protection topology structure; Step S2: Based on the relay protection topology structure of step S1, current protection information of transformer outgoing lines is collected by multi-agents to determine whether a fault occurs on each feeder line; Step S3: According to the relay protection topology structure, the collected information of each topological node generates JSON data for automatic testing, and sends it to the relay protection tester. The test results are compared and verified with the results of whether a fault occurs on each feeder fed back in step S2 to complete the relay protection fault detection.

2. A fault detection method for relay protection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following steps: Step S11, connecting several relay protection devices to the distribution network, including photovoltaic power generation system, pumped storage power generation system, wind power generation system, gas turbine power generation system, and setting six-level topological nodes in the relay protection topological structure from user load to distribution network, wherein the first-level topological node is the transformer, the second-level node is the distribution network transformer, the third-level node is the distribution cabinet, the fourth-level node is the branch box, the fifth-level node is the meter box, and the sixth-level node is the user meter; constructing the relay protection topological structure according to the six-level topological nodes; Step S12, collecting the incoming and outgoing line data sets of topological nodes at all levels in the relay protection topological structure; Step S13, performing correlation analysis and calculation on the data in the incoming line data set J and the outgoing line data set C, and judging that the incoming line and the outgoing line corresponding to a set of information with a correlation of 1 are connected; Step S14, calculate the correlation between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node in the relay protection topological structure until each incoming line is connected to one outgoing line, and each outgoing line is connected to one incoming line or is not connected to an incoming line, so as to realize automatic identification of the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topological node; if the incoming line is not connected to the outgoing line or the outgoing line is connected to at least two incoming lines, return to step S12 to re-acquire the incoming and outgoing line data sets, and then calculate the correlation.

3. A fault detection method for relay protection equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data sets of incoming and outgoing lines collected from topological nodes at all levels in the relay protection topological structure in step S12 include: According to the relay protection topology structure, the collection information of each topology node is set as follows: G=[G1,G2,...,G g ], where G g is all the data information collected during the g-th information collection. The value of g is set according to the actual situation. The data information includes five information attributes: current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W, namely G g = {I g ,V g ,P g ,Q g ,W g }; Each topological node has its corresponding incoming and outgoing lines. The data set corresponding to the incoming line is Among them, G jm The corresponding data set for the mth incoming line, G jm = {I jg ,V jg ,P jg ,Q jg ,W jg }, where I jg ,V jg ,P jg ,Q jg ,W jg They represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data corresponding to the mth incoming line, and the formula is expressed as follows: Among them, I g ,V g ,P g ,Q g ,W g They respectively represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data at the time of the g-th information collection; The data set corresponding to the outgoing line is Among them, G cn is the data set corresponding to the nth outgoing line; G cn = {I cg ,V cg ,P cg ,Q cg ,W cg }, where I cg ,V cg ,P cg ,Q cg ,W cg They represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data corresponding to the nth incoming line, and the formula is expressed as follows: Among them, I g ,V g ,P g ,Q g ,W g They respectively represent the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data at the g-th information collection.

4. A fault detection method for relay protection equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The correlation analysis in step S13 includes: The correlation of the current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W data corresponding to each incoming and outgoing line is calculated according to the information attributes. The correlation ρ jc The calculation formula is: Among them, x and y represent the current I or voltage V or active power P or reactive power Q or power consumption W data corresponding to a certain incoming line or outgoing line, that is, (I jg ,I cg )、(V jg ,V cg )、(P jg ,P cg )、(Q jg ,Q cg )、(W jg ,W cg ) are taken as a group (x,y), and the corresponding ρ is calculated. jc , and are denoted as ρ I , V , P , Q , W , x(i) and y(i) represent the i-th x and y respectively, 1≤i≤g; The mth incoming line G jm With the nth outlet G cn The correlation calculation formula is: Among them, δ I , δ V , δ P , δ Q , δ W They are the correlation thresholds of current I, voltage V, active power P, reactive power Q, and power consumption W respectively.

5. A fault detection method for relay protection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 includes: S21, according to the relay protection topology structure of step S1, introduce multiple agents, including collection agents, state estimation agents, set value management agents, logic judgment agents, safety monitoring agents, protection strategy agents and communication agents; the collection agent is used to collect the collection information of each topology node, and synchronously transmit the collection information to the protection strategy agent and the state estimation agent; the state estimation agent is used to judge whether the operating status of the relay protection topology structure is normal according to the collection information, and send the operating status result to the logic judgment agent; the logic judgment agent is used to obtain the set value command according to the operating status result; the set value management agent is used to manage the protection set value according to the operating status result and the set value command of the logic judgment agent, and the protection set value includes current, voltage, active power, reactive power, and power consumption; the safety monitoring agent is used to receive the operating value of the relay protection topology structure in real time and monitor the operating status; the protection strategy agent is used to compare the collection information with the set value of the relay protection topology structure during normal operation, and formulate protection information according to the comparison result; the communication agent is used to realize communication between various agents; S22, judging the direction of the protection current according to the relay protection topology structure of step S1 and the connection relationship between the incoming and outgoing lines of each topology node after identification; S23. After determining the direction of the protection current, calculate the protection range according to the equivalent impedance of the protection line; S24, calculate the current protection setting value according to the protection range; S25. Determine whether a fault occurs on each feeder and calculate the location of the fault: Based on the collected current value at the transformer topology node and the current protection setting value, if the current value is greater than the current protection setting value, determine that a fault exists, and then calculate the location of the fault.

6. A fault detection method for relay protection equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S23, the protection range is calculated according to the equivalent impedance of the protection line, and the calculation formula is: Among them, K is the fault type coefficient, which is selected according to the actual situation, and Z l is the equivalent impedance of the lth protection line, Z max is the equivalent impedance of the relay protection topology structure at maximum operation, N is the stability factor, and its value is 1.2; In step S24, the current protection setting value is calculated according to the protection range, and the calculation formula is: Among them, U l is the voltage of the lth protection circuit.

7. A fault detection method for relay protection equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S25, when calculating the location where the fault occurs, the formula for determining the location of the faulty outgoing line is: Among them, I p ,I q are the currents of the faulty outgoing line p and the faulty outgoing line q of the transformer, I s is the starting current when a fault occurs, and k is the proportional coefficient.

8. A fault detection method for relay protection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 includes: searching for a test template stored in the JSON data for automated testing according to the topological node type in the JSON data; comparing the physical quantity data in the JSON data with the preset customized data during the automated testing, and outputting a warning list prompt for the physical quantity data exceeding the preset threshold.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, a fault detection method for a relay protection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: Computer executable instructions are stored, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute a fault detection method for a relay protection device as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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