Method and system for predicting erosive wear of high-pressure manifold

Abstract

The invention provides a high-pressure manifold erosive wear prediction method and system, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas development. The method comprises the steps that according to preset fracturing construction parameters, erosive wear simulation calculation is conducted on a target high-pressure manifold, and erosive characteristic parameters are determined; based on the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters, the erosion wear rate of the erosion dangerous area is obtained through an erosion rate prediction model; based on the erosive wear rate, the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosive characteristic parameters, the material loss amount of the erosive dangerous area is obtained through an erosive weight loss calculation model; according to the material loss amount and the erosion characteristic parameters, the erosion abrasion wall thickness reduction amount of the manifold is obtained; and judging whether risk early warning is carried out or not based on the erosion wear wall thickness reduction amount of the manifold. The purposes of quantitative calculation of the erosion rate and the erosion weightlessness of the target high-pressure manifold, judgment of the wall thickness reduction limit threshold value and perforation failure risk early warning are achieved, and the continuity and safety of fracturing construction are effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, and in particular to a method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure pipe manifold and a system for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure pipe manifold. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous increase in the production and capacity expansion of oil and gas, unconventional oil and gas represented by shale oil (gas) has gradually become the key target of exploration and development, and hydraulic fracturing technology is a necessary means for the efficient development of unconventional oil and gas. As the core equipment of hydraulic fracturing construction, the ground fracturing manifold is subjected to the coupling of multiple factors such as high-speed erosion of solid phase proppants and high internal pressure load for a long time during the construction process. It is easy to cause wall thickness thinning, even perforation and leakage accidents due to erosion and wear, which greatly restricts the continuity and safety of fracturing construction.

[0003] Since the 19th century, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a large number of theoretical and experimental studies on the erosion and wear behavior and laws of metal materials, and established corresponding erosion prediction models. According to statistics, a total of 30 influencing factors, including 18 quantitative parameters, were included in the research scope. Erosion and wear of metal materials is a process that evolves over time, but the damage mechanism has not been fully clarified. It is generally believed that the loss of metal materials is caused by the interaction of "hammer forging" and "ploughing". Depending on the rated pressure, the material of the hydraulic fracturing manifold is usually 35CrMo, 42CrMo, 15CrNiMo, 40CrNi2Mo and other alloy steels. At present, the commonly used erosion wear theories / models for fracturing manifolds mainly include: micro-cutting theory, deformation wear theory, secondary erosion theory, Oka model, DNV model, Neilson-Gilchrist model, and its erosion wear prediction model and main control factors are shown in Table 1:

[0004] Table 1 Fracturing manifold erosion wear prediction model and main control factors

[0005]

[0006]

[0007] In terms of numerical simulation, the influence of erosion velocity, erosion angle, installation structure and other factors on the erosion risk area and erosion rate of fracturing manifolds were mainly studied for movable elbows, tees and crosses; in terms of experimental simulation, the influence of different erosion working conditions parameters on the erosion behavior and laws of commonly used fracturing manifold materials were mainly studied.

[0008] The above research preliminarily revealed the mechanism, main controlling factors and influencing laws of fracturing manifold erosion, which is of great importance for continuously understanding the problem of fracturing manifold erosion. However, it did not further analyze and construct a hydraulic fracturing surface manifold erosion prediction model and application process with engineering guidance significance.

[0009] The construction site is mainly inspected and replaced based on SY / T 6270-2017 "Use and Maintenance of Cementing and Fracturing Manifolds for Petroleum and Natural Gas Drilling Equipment". The main inspection basis is: (1) The service time reaches 200 hours; (2) The amount of sand used reaches 1500m 3 ; (3) The liquid volume used reaches 55000m 3 The safe life of the high-pressure manifold is mainly determined by the amount of pipe wall thinning measured during the non-destructive testing process.

[0010] At present, the commonly used ground fracturing pipeline for hydraulic fracturing is a manifold with a rated pressure of 105MPa, and its material is 15CrNiMo. Due to the lack of scientificity of the fracturing manifold detection basis (use time, amount of sand used, and amount of liquid used) in the current hydraulic fracturing construction and the lack of pertinence in the engineering guidance significance of the existing erosion prediction model, it is impossible to provide a reference for the prediction of erosion damage of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold during hydraulic fracturing, and it is also impossible to predict the erosion degree of the ground fracturing manifold, which easily leads to the risk of erosion and thinning of the manifold after long-term use, or even perforation and leakage. Therefore, it is urgent to construct an erosion wear prediction model and its engineering application process and method for the material of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold (15CrNiMo), so as to provide a reference for the prediction of erosion damage of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold during hydraulic fracturing. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and system for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold, so as to at least solve the above-mentioned problem that the degree of erosion of the ground fracturing manifold cannot be predicted during the hydraulic fracturing construction process, thereby leading to the risk of erosion and thinning of the manifold due to long-term use and even perforation and leakage.

[0012] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold, comprising:

[0013] According to the preset fracturing construction parameters, the erosion wear simulation calculation is performed on the target high-pressure manifold to determine the erosion characteristic parameters;

[0014] Based on the preset fracturing construction parameters and erosion characteristic parameters, the erosion wear rate of the erosion risk area is obtained by using the pre-built erosion rate prediction model; wherein the erosion risk area is obtained based on the erosion wear simulation calculation of the target high-pressure manifold;

[0015] Based on the erosion wear rate, preset fracturing construction parameters and erosion characteristic parameters, the material loss in the erosion risk area is obtained using the pre-built erosion weight loss calculation model;

[0016] According to the material loss and erosion characteristic parameters, the erosion wear wall thickness reduction of the manifold in the erosion risk area is obtained;

[0017] Based on the amount of wall thickness reduction caused by erosion and wear of the manifold, it is determined whether to issue a risk warning and the judgment result is obtained.

[0018] Optionally, the construction rules of the above erosion rate prediction model include:

[0019] Based on the test data obtained from the erosion wear experiment on the erosion specimen of the target high-pressure manifold, an erosion rate prediction model is constructed.

[0020] Optionally, the erosion rate prediction model is constructed based on the test data obtained by performing an erosion wear test on the erosion specimen of the target high-pressure manifold, including:

[0021] Based on the test data, the erosion energy consumption value is fitted;

[0022] An initial model for erosion wear prediction is constructed, and the erosion energy consumption value is substituted into the initial model for erosion wear prediction to obtain an erosion wear prediction model that matches the target high-pressure manifold.

[0023] According to the erosion wear prediction model, an erosion rate prediction model is established.

[0024] Optionally, the basic equation of the above erosion wear prediction initial model is as follows:

[0025] W t =W d +W c

[0026]

[0027] Among them, W t is the total erosion wear, W d is the deformation erosion wear, W c is the cutting erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, and α 0 is the critical angle of the total erosion weight loss peak, n is the horizontal rebound factor, β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor.

[0028] Optionally, the equation of the above erosion rate prediction model is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, ER m is the erosion rate of the erosion specimen, W t is the total erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor.

[0031] Optionally, after establishing the erosion rate prediction model, the method further includes:

[0032] According to the internal pressure load action parameters of the target high-pressure manifold, the erosion rate prediction model is corrected to obtain a corrected erosion rate prediction model; wherein,

[0033] The internal pressure load parameters are: The equation of the revised erosion rate prediction model is:

[0034]

[0035] Where p is the target high-pressure manifold internal pressure, R is the high-pressure elbow curvature radius, t is the manifold wall thickness, σ θ is the circumferential stress, r is the average value of the inner and outer diameters of the manifold elbow, and ER' is the erosion rate of the corrected erosion specimen.

[0036] Optionally, the equation for the above erosion weight loss calculation model is as follows:

[0037] W T =M st ×ER′

[0038] in, W T is the total erosion wear of the erosion specimen during the fracturing process, M st is the total mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen during fracturing, M si is the mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, i is the sequence number of the stage in the fracturing process, i≤m, S i is the sand content in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, Q i is the fracturing displacement in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, ρ i is the density of the sand-carrying fluid in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, t i is the duration of the i-th stage in the fracturing process.

[0039] Optionally, the above-mentioned erosion characteristic parameters include the proppant erosion angle of the erosion risk area, the proppant impact ratio of the erosion risk area and the area of ​​the erosion risk area;

[0040] According to the preset fracturing construction parameters, the erosion wear simulation calculation is performed on the target high-pressure manifold to determine the erosion characteristic parameters, including:

[0041] Perform erosion wear simulation calculation according to preset fracturing construction parameters to obtain erosion wear cloud map and solid phase particle streamline map in erosion danger area;

[0042] Based on the erosion wear cloud map, the area of ​​the erosion danger zone is obtained;

[0043] According to the solid phase particle streamline diagram, the proppant erosion angle and the proppant impact ratio in the erosion risk area are determined.

[0044] Optionally, the preset fracturing construction parameters at least include a sand-carrying fluid displacement parameter and a sand-carrying fluid-sand ratio parameter;

[0045] The above-mentioned erosion characteristic parameters include the proppant impact ratio in the erosion risk area;

[0046] Based on the erosion wear rate, preset fracturing construction parameters and erosion characteristic parameters, the material loss in the erosion risk area is obtained by using the pre-built erosion weight loss calculation model, including:

[0047] According to the sand-carrying fluid displacement parameter and the sand-carrying fluid-sand ratio parameter, the total mass of the proppant flowing through the erosion risk area during fracturing construction is calculated;

[0048] The total mass of proppant impacting the erosion risk area is calculated based on the total mass of proppant flowing through the erosion risk area and the proppant impact ratio;

[0049] Based on the preset fracturing construction parameters, the total mass of the proppant impacting the erosion risk area is input into the erosion weight loss calculation model to obtain the material loss amount in the erosion risk area.

[0050] Optionally, the above-mentioned erosion characteristic parameters include the area of ​​the erosion danger zone;

[0051] Based on the material loss and erosion characteristic parameters, the erosion wear wall thickness reduction of the manifold in the erosion risk area is obtained, including:

[0052] According to the formula The wall thickness reduction of the manifold in the erosion risk area is calculated; where M T is the material loss in the erosion risk area, ΔT is the wall thickness reduction due to erosion and wear of the manifold, ω is the proppant impact ratio, ρ 15 is the material density of the target high-pressure manifold, and A is the area of ​​the erosion danger zone.

[0053] Optionally, judging whether to issue a risk warning based on the amount of wall thickness reduction due to erosion and wear of the manifold includes:

[0054] Compare the wall thickness reduction caused by erosion and wear of the manifold with the preset wall thickness reduction threshold to determine whether to issue a risk warning.

[0055] A second aspect of the present invention provides a high-pressure manifold erosion and wear prediction system, comprising:

[0056] A simulation calculation module is used to perform erosion and wear simulation calculation on the target high-pressure manifold according to preset fracturing construction parameters to determine erosion characteristic parameters;

[0057] An erosion wear rate prediction module is used to obtain the erosion wear rate of the erosion risk area based on preset fracturing construction parameters and erosion characteristic parameters using a pre-built erosion rate prediction model; wherein the erosion risk area is obtained based on the erosion wear simulation calculation of the target high-pressure manifold;

[0058] A material loss prediction module is used to obtain the material loss in the erosion risk area based on the erosion wear rate, preset fracturing construction parameters and erosion characteristic parameters using a pre-built erosion loss weight calculation model;

[0059] The module for obtaining the wall thickness reduction is used to obtain the wall thickness reduction of the manifold in the erosion risk area according to the material loss amount and the erosion characteristic parameters;

[0060] The risk warning judgment module is used to determine whether to issue a risk warning based on the amount of wall thickness reduction caused by erosion and wear of the manifold and obtain a judgment result.

[0061] In a third aspect of the present invention, a machine-readable storage medium is provided, on which instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed by a processor, the processor is configured to execute the above-mentioned high-pressure manifold erosion wear prediction method.

[0062] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the high-pressure manifold erosion and wear prediction method is implemented.

[0063] Through the above technical scheme, a high-pressure manifold erosion wear prediction method and system are provided. According to the preset fracturing construction parameters, the erosion wear simulation calculation is performed on the target high-pressure manifold to determine the erosion characteristic parameters. The pre-constructed erosion rate prediction model is used to analyze the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters, and the erosion wear rate of the erosion danger zone of the target high-pressure manifold is obtained, thereby realizing the prediction of the erosion wear rate. The pre-constructed erosion weight loss calculation model is used to analyze the erosion wear rate, the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters, and the material loss amount in the erosion danger zone is obtained, thereby realizing the prediction of the erosion weight loss in the erosion danger zone. According to the material loss amount and the erosion characteristic parameters in the erosion danger zone, the wall thickness thinning amount of the manifold erosion wear in the erosion danger zone is obtained, thereby realizing the prediction of the erosion thinning degree. The wall thickness thinning amount of the manifold erosion wear is compared with the preset wall thickness thinning threshold to determine whether to issue a risk warning. The relevant erosion wear prediction model for the target high-pressure manifold was established based on the erosion wear experimental data of the target high-pressure manifold material, and the erosion rate and erosion weight loss of the target high-pressure manifold during the fracturing process were quantitatively calculated, the wall thickness thinning limit threshold was judged, and the perforation failure risk warning was warned. The problem of insufficient scientificity of the fracturing manifold detection basis (use time, sand volume, and liquid volume) in the current hydraulic fracturing construction and insufficient pertinence of the existing erosion prediction model in terms of engineering guidance was solved, and a reference basis was provided for the prediction of erosion damage of 105MPa high-pressure manifolds during hydraulic fracturing, effectively ensuring the continuity and safety of fracturing construction.

[0064] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0066] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 An application process of a fracturing manifold erosion and wear prediction model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 It is a solid phase particle streamline diagram of an erosion risk area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an erosion test piece provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the change of erosion weight loss of 15CrNiMo with erosion angle provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the erosion weight loss and erosion rate of 15CrNiMo as a function of the erosion speed provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the variation of 15CrNiMo erosion rate with tensile load provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the calculated erosion weight loss and the erosion angle provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of comparison between experimental data and calculated data provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the calculated erosion weight loss and the erosion rate provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Fig.11 It is a block diagram of a high-pressure manifold erosion and wear prediction system provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] Description of Reference Numerals

[0079] 10 - electronic device, 100 - processor, 101 - memory, 102 - computer program. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold provided by one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The present invention provides a method for predicting erosion and wear of a fracturing manifold, including:

[0083] S110: performing erosion and wear simulation calculation on the target high-pressure manifold according to preset fracturing construction parameters to determine erosion characteristic parameters;

[0084] In some implementations of this embodiment, the above-mentioned erosion characteristic parameters include the proppant erosion angle of the erosion danger zone, the proppant impact ratio of the erosion danger zone and the area of ​​the erosion danger zone; the above-mentioned erosion wear simulation calculation is performed on the target high-pressure manifold according to the preset fracturing construction parameters to determine the erosion characteristic parameters, including:

[0085] Perform erosion wear simulation calculation according to preset fracturing construction parameters to obtain erosion wear cloud map and solid phase particle streamline map in erosion danger area;

[0086] Among them, the preset fracturing construction parameters are the construction parameters set in the construction design documents (fracturing pump displacement, sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio, sand-carrying liquid viscosity, etc.).

[0087] Based on the erosion wear cloud map, the area of ​​the erosion danger zone is obtained;

[0088] According to the solid phase particle streamline diagram, the proppant erosion angle and the proppant impact ratio in the erosion risk area are determined.

[0089] Specifically, first use CFD software to establish a corresponding flow channel model according to the layout of the target high-pressure manifold at the fracturing site (it should be noted that due to the sharp decline in the use of branch pipes in recent years, the locations where punctures and bursts occur due to multiphase flow erosion and wear are mainly concentrated in the elbows from the ground to the wellhead area. In this case, only the manifolds in the area from the ground to the elbows in the wellhead area can be selected to establish the flow channel model). After completing the meshing and boundary condition setting (wherein, the meshing and boundary condition setting are both required actions for erosion and wear simulation using CFD, which belongs to the prior art and need not be elaborated here), perform erosion and wear simulation calculations on the target high-pressure manifold according to the construction parameters set in the construction design documents (fracturing pump displacement, sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio, sand-carrying liquid viscosity, etc.), and obtain the location where the erosion rate of the target high-pressure manifold is the largest during the construction process. The location with the largest erosion rate is identified as the erosion hazard area, and then the area of ​​the erosion hazard area is calculated based on the erosion wear cloud map analysis. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3It is a streamline diagram of solid phase particles in an erosion-hazardous area provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Based on the streamline diagram of solid phase particles, the erosion angle range and the dominant erosion angle (α) when the proppant collides with the erosion-hazardous area, as well as the ratio (ω) of the solid phase particles that collide with the erosion-hazardous area and cause erosion to the total amount of solid phase particles when the proppant collides with the erosion-hazardous area are analyzed and determined, wherein the dominant erosion angle (α) is the proppant erosion angle in the erosion-hazardous area, and the ratio (ω) of the solid phase particles that collide with the erosion-hazardous area and cause erosion to the total amount of solid phase particles is the proppant collision ratio in the erosion-hazardous area.

[0090] S120: Based on the preset fracturing construction parameters and erosion characteristic parameters, the erosion wear rate of the erosion risk area is obtained by using a pre-built erosion rate prediction model; wherein the erosion risk area is obtained based on the erosion wear simulation calculation of the target high-pressure manifold;

[0091] In some implementations of this embodiment, the construction rules of the erosion rate prediction model include: constructing the erosion rate prediction model based on test data obtained by performing erosion wear experiments on erosion specimens of the target high-pressure manifold.

[0092] Among them, the above-mentioned target high-pressure manifold is a 105MPa high-pressure manifold, and the material of the target high-pressure manifold is 15CrNiMo.

[0093] Specifically, the material of the ground fracturing manifold with a rated pressure of 105 MPa used in hydraulic fracturing construction is 15CrNiMo. The chemical composition and mechanical properties of 15CrNiMo are shown in Tables 1 and 2:

[0094] Table 1 Chemical composition of 15CrNiMo alloy steel (%)

[0095]

[0096] Table 2 Mechanical properties of 15CrNiMo alloy steel

[0097] Material Yield strength / MPa Tensile strength / MPa Elongation / % hardness 15CrNiMo 785 980 9 HBW≥196

[0098] Processing 15CrNiMo alloy steel into Figure 4 The erosion specimen shown in the figure was polished with 200 mesh, 600 mesh, and 1200 mesh water-abrasive sandpaper before the test, and then ultrasonically cleaned with anhydrous ethanol. After drying with cold air, the initial mass was recorded. The solid phase particles used the 40-70 mesh low-density high-strength fracturing proppant (ceramsite sand) commonly used in hydraulic fracturing. The technical parameters are shown in Table 3:

[0099] Table 3 Technical parameters of solid particles

[0100]

[0101] Among them, the specific process of the erosion wear experiment on the erosion specimen is as follows: Use a self-made load-type jet erosion test device to carry out erosion wear test under the condition of applying a unidirectional tensile load to the erosion specimen. During the test, the erosion specimen is first installed at a certain angle and a tensile load is applied. Then the liquid medium and the solid particles are mixed in proportion, and the solid concentration is kept stable by stirring. The solid-liquid mixture is pumped to the pipeline through a mortar pump and impacted on the surface of the erosion specimen through a nozzle at a certain speed and angle, thereby causing erosion damage to the erosion specimen. After the test, the erosion specimen is ultrasonically cleaned with anhydrous ethanol, blown dry and the mass of the erosion specimen after the test is recorded. The degree of erosion wear of the erosion specimen is characterized by the erosion wear rate (ER), which is expressed as: Where ER is the erosion rate of metal material, M 0 is the initial mass of the erosion specimen, M t is the mass of the eroded specimen after the test, M st is the total mass of the solid particles of the impact erosion specimen.

[0102] The erosion angle, erosion velocity and tensile load were selected as the three main control factors of erosion wear of 15CrNiMo for testing. The specific test parameters are shown in Table 4:

[0103] Table 4 Erosion wear test parameters and values

[0104] Serial number parameter Numeric 1 Erosion speed (m / s) 8、10、12.2、15、20 2 Erosion angle (°) 15°、20°、30°、45°、60°、75° 3 Tensile load (MPa) 60、70、80、90、100 4 Sand content (%) 15％

[0105] First, the effect of erosion angle on 15CrNiMo erosion is analyzed: the erosion angle of 15°-75°, erosion speed of 12.2m / s, tensile load of 70MPa, and sand content of 15% are selected as parameters. The experimental results show that the erosion weight loss of 15CrNiMo varies with the erosion angle. Figure 5 When other parameters are the same, the erosion weight loss of 15CrNiMo first shows an obvious increasing trend with the increase of erosion angle, and reaches a peak value when the erosion angle is about 30°. When the erosion angle exceeds 30°, the erosion weight loss gradually decreases with the increase of erosion angle, but the decreasing rate is small. It is judged that the critical erosion angle of 15CrNiMo is 30°.

[0106] Then, the effect of erosion speed on 15CrNiMo erosion was analyzed: 8-20m / s erosion speed, 30° erosion angle, 70MPa tensile load and 15% sand content were selected as parameters. The experimental results showed that the erosion weight loss and erosion rate of 15CrNiMo changed with the erosion speed. Figure 6As shown in the figure. When other parameters are the same, the erosion weight loss and erosion rate of 15CrNiMo both show an obvious exponential increase trend with the increase of erosion speed. The reason is that the impact speed of solid particles increases, the impact energy (kinetic energy) increases significantly, and after hitting the metal surface, they slide on the surface for a long distance and cause material loss.

[0107] In addition, the effect of tensile load on 15CrNiMo erosion was analyzed: tensile load 60-100MPa, erosion speed 12.2m / s, erosion angle 30°, sand content 15% were selected as parameters, and the experimental results showed that the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo changes with tensile load. Figure 7 As shown. When the tensile load is between 60 and 100 MPa, 15CrNiMo is always within the elastic deformation range, and the erosion rate increases nearly linearly with the increase of the tensile load, and the tensile stress coefficient is 0.0133. According to the theory of plastic deformation of metal materials, as the tensile load of the target gradually increases, the interaction force between the particles of the metal material is partially offset, and the erosion resistance is weakened. When the solid phase particles collide, the material is more likely to peel off and break, resulting in an increase in the erosion rate.

[0108] Specifically, this method conducts systematic erosion and wear evaluation tests to clarify the influence of various main controlling factors on the erosion behavior and damage mechanism of ground fracturing manifold materials (15CrNiMo). Based on the experimental data, an erosion and wear prediction model and its engineering application process and method are constructed to provide a reference for the prediction of erosion damage of 105MPa ground fracturing manifolds during hydraulic fracturing.

[0109] In some implementations of this embodiment, the erosion rate prediction model is constructed based on the test data obtained by performing an erosion wear test on the erosion specimen of the target high-pressure manifold, including:

[0110] Based on the test data, the erosion energy consumption value is fitted;

[0111] Among them, the erosion energy consumption value includes the erosion deformation energy consumption factor β and the erosion cutting energy consumption factor Specifically, based on the erosion wear test data of 105MPa high-pressure manifold (15CrNiMo) under different test conditions (including erosion angle, erosion velocity and tensile load), the erosion deformation energy consumption factor β and the erosion cutting energy consumption factor The empirical calculation value for the above test conditions is approximately β = 3.88 × 10 11 cm 2 / s 2 ,

[0112] An initial model for erosion wear prediction is constructed, and the erosion energy consumption value is substituted into the initial model for erosion wear prediction to obtain an erosion wear prediction model that matches the target high-pressure manifold.

[0113] It should be noted that this embodiment is to establish an erosion wear prediction model for the 105MPa rated pressure surface manifold commonly used in fracturing construction. The research objects are 15CrNiMo alloy steel and 40-70 mesh low-density high-strength fracturing proppant (ceramsite sand). Therefore, the influence of the mechanical properties of metal materials and the physical properties of solid particles on the erosion behavior can be excluded in the process of model construction. Therefore, the basic equation of the above-mentioned erosion wear prediction initial model is as follows:

[0114] W t =W d +W c

[0115]

[0116] Among them, W t is the total erosion wear, W d is the deformation erosion wear, W c is the cutting erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, and α 0 is the critical angle of the total erosion weight loss peak, n is the horizontal rebound factor (when α = α 0 When sin(nα)=1, then n=3), β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor.

[0117] Specifically, the erosion energy consumption value (erosion deformation energy consumption factor β and erosion cutting energy consumption factor ) is substituted into the initial erosion wear prediction model to obtain the erosion wear prediction model that matches the target high-pressure manifold.

[0118] In some implementations of this embodiment, the reliability of the erosion wear prediction model for 15CrNiMo alloy steel can be verified by test data obtained from erosion wear experiments. Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the calculated erosion weight loss and the erosion angle provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The total erosion weight loss and cutting weight loss of 15CrNiMo have similar change trends. Both reach a peak at 30° and then gradually decrease, but the rate of decrease in cutting erosion is much greater than the total erosion weight loss; the deformation weight loss increases nearly linearly with the increase of the erosion angle, and exceeds the cutting weight loss between the erosion angle of 50 and 60°. When the erosion angle is 75°, the deformation weight loss is basically close to the total weight loss. Fig. 9is a schematic diagram of comparison between experimental data and calculated data provided by one embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, the calculated total erosion weight loss is consistent with the indoor test results. Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between erosion weight loss and erosion rate obtained by calculation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig.10 As shown in the figure, when the erosion angle is 30°, the total erosion weight loss, cutting erosion weight loss and deformation weight loss of 15CrNiMo increase nearly exponentially with the increase of erosion speed. However, under the same conditions, the cutting weight loss is much greater than the deformation weight loss. This phenomenon is consistent with the analysis result that "when the erosion angle is small, the erosion failure form of 15CrNiMo alloy steel is mainly plowing action, supplemented by hammer forging action".

[0119] According to the erosion wear prediction model, an erosion rate prediction model is established.

[0120] Specifically, the degree of erosion wear of metal materials is mainly characterized by the erosion rate. In order to ensure the scientificity and feasibility of the prediction model, it is necessary to improve the erosion wear prediction model and establish an erosion rate prediction model for 15CrNiMo. The equation of the above erosion rate prediction model is as follows:

[0121]

[0122] Among them, ER m is the erosion rate of the erosion specimen, W t is the total erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor. β is 3.88×10 3 cm 2 / s 2 , Take 2.429×10 3 cm 2 / s 2 .

[0123] In some implementations of this embodiment, after the erosion rate prediction model is established, the method further includes: modifying the erosion rate prediction model according to the internal pressure load action parameter of the target high-pressure manifold to obtain a modified erosion rate prediction model; wherein the internal pressure load action parameter is The equation of the revised erosion rate prediction model is:

[0124]

[0125] Where p is the target high-pressure manifold internal pressure, R is the high-pressure elbow curvature radius, t is the manifold wall thickness, σ θ is the circumferential stress, r is the average value of the inner and outer diameters of the manifold elbow, and ER' is the erosion rate of the corrected erosion specimen.

[0126] Specifically, from the test data of the erosion wear experiment, it can be seen that the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo increases nearly linearly with the increase of the tensile load. Since the tensile load acts directly on the erosion specimen and has no interaction with other test parameters, it can be considered that under different erosion conditions, the tensile stress coefficient of 15CrNiMo in the erosion wear process is always 0.0133.

[0127] According to field investigations, the high-pressure active elbow is the most frequent part of the ground manifold erosion failure during hydraulic fracturing, and it is always subjected to high internal pressure. Its stress can be decomposed into axial stress and circumferential stress according to equations (1) and (2). In the actual calculation process, since the circumferential stress is always significantly higher than the axial stress, the circumferential stress is usually used to represent the internal pressure load. Therefore, the circumferential stress is used as a substitute, and the internal pressure load is introduced to correct the 15CrNiMo erosion rate prediction model, and the calculation equation shown in equation (3) is obtained.

[0128]

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] Where p is the target high-pressure manifold internal pressure, R is the high-pressure elbow curvature radius, t is the manifold wall thickness, σ θ is the circumferential stress, σ φ is the axial stress, r is the average value of the inner and outer diameters of the manifold elbow, and ER' is the erosion rate of the corrected 15CrNiMo.

[0132] Specifically, after determining the proppant erosion angle in the 105 MPa high-pressure manifold erosion risk area, the erosion wear rate (ER') of the 15CrNiMo material in the erosion risk area was calculated using the modified erosion rate prediction model according to the preset fracturing construction parameters.

[0133] S130: Based on the erosion wear rate, the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters, the material loss amount in the erosion risk area is obtained by using a pre-built erosion weight loss calculation model;

[0134] It should be noted that since the apparent density of the proppant (40-70 mesh ceramsite sand) during fracturing is much higher than that of the sand-carrying fluid, it is assumed that the proppant monomer particles do not occupy volume. Based on the above assumption, the total mass of the solid phase particles that effectively impact the erosion specimen during the fracturing process is introduced, and the equation for the erosion weight loss calculation model for the erosion specimen of the target high-pressure manifold is constructed as follows:

[0135] W T =M st ×ER′

[0136] in, W T is the total erosion wear of the erosion specimen during the fracturing process, M st is the total mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen during fracturing, M si is the mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, i is the sequence number of the stage in the fracturing process, i≤m, S i is the sand content in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, Q i is the fracturing displacement in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, ρ i is the density of the sand-carrying fluid in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, t i is the duration of the i-th stage in the fracturing process.

[0137] In some implementations of this embodiment, the preset fracturing construction parameters at least include a sand-carrying fluid displacement parameter and a sand-carrying fluid-sand ratio parameter; the erosion characteristic parameters include a proppant impact ratio in an erosion-hazardous area; the material loss amount in an erosion-hazardous area is obtained by using a pre-constructed erosion weight loss calculation model based on the erosion wear rate, the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters, including:

[0138] According to the sand-carrying fluid displacement parameter and the sand-carrying fluid-sand ratio parameter, the total mass of the proppant flowing through the erosion risk area during fracturing construction is calculated;

[0139] The total mass of proppant impacting the erosion risk area is calculated based on the total mass of proppant flowing through the erosion risk area and the proppant impact ratio;

[0140] Based on the preset fracturing construction parameters, the total mass of the proppant impacting the erosion risk area is input into the erosion weight loss calculation model to obtain the material loss amount in the erosion risk area.

[0141] Specifically, based on the erosion wear rate (ER') of the material (15CrNiMo alloy steel) in the erosion risk area of ​​the target high-pressure manifold, according to the sand-carrying fluid displacement and sand-carrying fluid-sand ratio design in the construction design documents, the total mass of the proppant flowing through the erosion risk area during the entire (or single-stage) fracturing construction process is calculated. At the same time, according to the ratio of solid phase particles that collide with the erosion risk area and cause erosion to the total amount of solid phase particles (ω), that is, the proppant collision ratio, the total mass of the proppant that collides with the erosion risk area and causes erosion is calculated. Finally, the erosion weight loss calculation model is used to obtain the material loss (M) in the erosion risk area during the entire (or single-stage) fracturing construction process. T ).

[0142] S140: Obtaining the amount of wall thickness reduction due to erosion wear of the manifold in the erosion risk area according to the material loss amount and the erosion characteristic parameters;

[0143] In some implementations of this embodiment, the above-mentioned erosion characteristic parameters include the area of ​​the erosion danger zone; the above-mentioned method of obtaining the erosion wear wall thickness reduction of the manifold in the erosion danger zone based on the material loss amount and the erosion characteristic parameters includes: according to the formula The wall thickness reduction of the manifold in the erosion risk area is calculated; where M T is the material loss in the erosion risk area, ΔT is the wall thickness reduction due to erosion and wear of the manifold, ω is the proppant impact ratio, ρ 15 is the material density of the target high-pressure manifold, and A is the area of ​​the erosion danger zone.

[0144] Specifically, in the actual fracturing process, the main erosion failure forms of the fracturing manifold are perforation and puncture. Therefore, the core of the erosion prediction model application of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold is to predict the degree of thinning of the manifold wall thickness and to issue a risk warning when the predicted wall thickness approaches or reaches the wall thickness threshold specified in SY / T 6270, as shown in Table 5:

[0145] Table 5 105MPa ground manifold (swing elbow) wall thickness threshold

[0146]

[0147] Assuming that the erosion damage of the 105 MPa high-pressure manifold is in the form of uniform loss (i.e., uniform thinning of all parts in the erosion danger zone), the calculation method of the erosion thinning of the manifold wall thickness is shown in formula (4): Where ΔT is the wall thickness reduction due to erosion wear of 105MPa high pressure manifold, ω is the proppant impact ratio, ρ15 is the density of 105MPa high pressure manifold material (15CrNiMo), and A is the area of ​​erosion danger zone. Assuming that the erosion loss of 15CrNiMo alloy steel in the erosion damage area of ​​the fracturing manifold is uniform loss, that is, within the erosion danger zone area (S), all positions are uniformly thinned. Therefore, the wall thickness reduction due to erosion wear of the manifold in the erosion danger zone is calculated using formula (4).

[0148] S150: Based on the amount of wall thickness reduction due to erosion and wear of the manifold, determine whether to issue a risk warning and obtain a determination result.

[0149] In some implementations of this embodiment, the above-mentioned determination of whether to issue a risk warning based on the amount of wall thickness thinning due to erosion and wear of the manifold includes: comparing the amount of wall thickness thinning due to erosion and wear of the manifold with a preset wall thickness thinning threshold to determine whether to issue a risk warning.

[0150] Specifically, when the wall thickness reduction due to erosion and wear of the manifold exceeds or is equal to a preset wall thickness reduction threshold, a risk warning is issued.

[0151] In the above implementation process, the method performs erosion wear simulation calculation on the target high-pressure manifold according to the preset fracturing construction parameters to determine the erosion characteristic parameters. The pre-constructed erosion rate prediction model is used to analyze the preset fracturing construction parameters and erosion characteristic parameters to obtain the erosion wear rate of the erosion-hazardous area of ​​the target high-pressure manifold, thereby realizing the prediction of the erosion wear rate. The pre-constructed erosion weight loss calculation model is used to analyze the erosion wear rate, the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters to obtain the material loss in the erosion-hazardous area, thereby realizing the prediction of the erosion weight loss in the erosion-hazardous area. Based on the material loss and the erosion characteristic parameters in the erosion-hazardous area, the erosion wear wall thickness thinning amount of the manifold in the erosion-hazardous area is obtained, thereby realizing the prediction of the erosion thinning degree. The erosion wear wall thickness thinning amount of the manifold is compared with the preset wall thickness thinning threshold to determine whether to issue a risk warning. The relevant erosion wear prediction model for the target high-pressure manifold was established based on the erosion wear experimental data of the target high-pressure manifold material, and the erosion rate and erosion weight loss of the target high-pressure manifold during the fracturing process were quantitatively calculated, the wall thickness thinning limit threshold was judged, and the perforation failure risk warning was warned. The problem of insufficient scientificity of the fracturing manifold detection basis (use time, sand volume, and liquid volume) in the current hydraulic fracturing construction and insufficient pertinence of the existing erosion prediction model in terms of engineering guidance was solved, and a reference basis was provided for the prediction of erosion damage of 105MPa high-pressure manifolds during hydraulic fracturing, effectively ensuring the continuity and safety of fracturing construction.

[0152] Example 2

[0153] This embodiment provides a 105MPa high-pressure manifold erosion and wear prediction model and its application method. Based on the system erosion and wear experimental data of the 105MPa fracturing manifold material (15CrNiMo), a 105MPa fracturing manifold erosion and wear prediction model and its engineering application process and method are established, which can realize the quantitative calculation of the erosion rate and erosion weight loss of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold during the fracturing process, the judgment of the limit threshold of wall thickness thinning, and the early warning of the risk of perforation failure. It solves the problems of insufficient scientificity of the basis for fracturing manifold detection (use time, amount of sand used, amount of liquid used) in the current hydraulic fracturing construction and the lack of pertinence of the engineering guidance significance of the existing erosion prediction model, and provides a reference basis for the prediction of erosion damage of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold during the hydraulic fracturing process, effectively ensuring the continuity and safety of the fracturing construction.

[0154] This embodiment provides a method and system for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold for a scenario of single-stage fracturing of a shale oil well A. The specific steps are as follows:

[0155] S1: Clarify the construction parameters and manifold layout parameters as follows:

[0156]

[0157]

[0158] S2: Simulate / calculate to obtain erosion characteristic parameters;

[0159] According to the single-stage fracturing construction and manifold layout parameters of shale oil well A, the erosion and wear characteristic parameters of the high-pressure manifold are obtained by simulation calculation using CFD software as follows:

[0160] Erosion characteristic parameters Numeric Erosion hazard area 0.5cm2 Proppant erosion angle 60° Proppant impact ratio 0.6

[0161] S3: Calculate the erosion rate of the high-pressure manifold;

[0162] According to the displacement of the fracturing pump, the erosion velocity in the high-pressure manifold is 14.44m / s. According to the 15CrNiMo erosion rate prediction model, the erosion rate of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material is 3.586mg / kg. The calculation formula is as follows.

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] Where: ER' is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo after correction, ER m is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo, W t is the total erosion wear, M sis the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, and β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, which is 3.88 cm 2 / s 2 ; φ is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor, which is 24.29 cm 2 / s 2 .

[0166] S4: Calculate the erosion weight loss of high pressure manifold;

[0167] According to the fracturing construction parameters and the erosion weight loss prediction equation of the 105MPa surface manifold, it is calculated that the erosion weight loss of the 105MPa surface manifold after single-stage fracturing construction is 74.9g. The calculation formula is shown below.

[0168] W T =M st ×ER′ (7)

[0169]

[0170] W T is the total erosion wear of the ground pipe at 105MPa, M st is the total mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen during fracturing, M si is the mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, i is the sequence number of the stage in the fracturing process, i≤m, dimensionless; S i is the sand content in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, Q i is the fracturing displacement in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, ρ 15 is the density of the sand-carrying fluid in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, t i is the duration of the i-th stage in the fracturing process.

[0171] S5: Calculate the erosion reduction of the manifold wall thickness;

[0172] Assuming that the erosion damage of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold is in the form of uniform loss, the calculation method for the erosion thinning of the manifold wall thickness is as follows. The calculated erosion thinning of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold is 0.176mm.

[0173]

[0174] Where, ΔT is the wall thickness reduction of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold due to erosion and wear, ω is the proppant impact ratio, which is dimensionless; ρ 15 is the density of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material (15CrNiMo), and A is the area of ​​erosion danger zone.

[0175] S6: Determine whether to issue a risk warning for the wall thickness limit threshold;

[0176] Since the wall thickness reduction of the fracturing manifold in Well A was 0.176 mm, which was much smaller than the warning value of the thinning of the 3'-1502 long radius elbow (2.79 mm), no warning was required.

[0177] Example 3

[0178] This embodiment provides a method and system for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold applied to the scenario of 2-stage fracturing of shale oil well B. The specific steps are as follows:

[0179] S1: Clarify the construction parameters and manifold layout parameters as follows:

[0180]

[0181] S2: Simulate / calculate to obtain erosion characteristic parameters;

[0182] According to the single-stage fracturing construction and manifold layout parameters of shale oil well A, the erosion and wear characteristic parameters of the high-pressure manifold are obtained by simulation calculation using CFD software as follows:

[0183] Erosion characteristic parameters Numeric Erosion hazard area 0.6cm2 Proppant erosion angle 45° Proppant impact ratio 0.7

[0184] S3: Calculate the erosion rate of the high-pressure manifold;

[0185] According to the displacement of the fracturing pump, the erosion rates in the high-pressure manifold are 21.66m / s and 14.44m / s respectively. According to the 15CrNiMo erosion rate prediction model, the erosion rates of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material are 8.714mg / kg and 4.316mg / kg respectively.

[0186] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0187]

[0188]

[0189] Where: ER' is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo after correction, ER m is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo, W t is the total erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, and β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, which is 3.88 cm 2 / s 2 ; φ is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor, which is 24.29 cm 2 / s 2 .

[0190] S4: Calculation of erosion weight loss of high pressure manifold

[0191] According to the fracturing construction parameters and the erosion weight loss prediction equation of the 105MPa surface manifold, it is calculated that the erosion weight loss of the 105MPa surface manifold after single-stage fracturing construction is 411.4g and 203.2g respectively.

[0192] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0193] W T =M st ×ER′

[0194]

[0195] W T is the total erosion wear of the ground pipe at 105MPa, M st is the total mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen during fracturing, M si is the mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, i is the sequence number of the stage in the fracturing process, i≤m, dimensionless; S i is the sand content in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, Q i is the fracturing displacement in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, ρ 15 is the density of the sand-carrying fluid in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, t i is the duration of the i-th stage in the fracturing process.

[0196] S5: Calculate the erosion reduction of the manifold wall thickness;

[0197] Assuming that the erosion damage of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold is in the form of uniform loss, the calculation method for the erosion thinning of the manifold wall thickness is as follows. The calculated erosion thinning of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold is 0.806mm and 0.398mm, and the total thinning is 1.205mm.

[0198]

[0199] Where, ΔT is the wall thickness reduction of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold due to erosion and wear, ω is the proppant impact ratio, which is dimensionless; ρ 15 is the density of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material (15CrNiMo), and A is the area of ​​erosion danger zone.

[0200] S6: Determine whether to issue a risk warning for the wall thickness limit threshold;

[0201] Since the wall thickness reduction of the fracturing manifold in Well B is 1.205mm, which is much smaller than the warning value of the thinning of the 3'-1502 long radius elbow (2.79mm), no warning is required. However, it has reached 43% of the warning value and needs to be continuously monitored. Once the thinning amount approaches 2.79mm, a risk warning should be issued immediately.

[0202] Example 4

[0203] This embodiment provides a method and system for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold applied to a scenario of 3-stage fracturing of a shale oil well C. The specific steps are as follows:

[0204] S1: Clarify the construction parameters and manifold layout parameters as follows:

[0205]

[0206]

[0207] S2: Simulate / calculate to obtain erosion characteristic parameters;

[0208] According to the single-stage fracturing construction and manifold layout parameters of shale oil well A, the erosion and wear characteristic parameters of the high-pressure manifold are obtained by simulation calculation using CFD software as follows:

[0209] Erosion characteristic parameters Numeric Erosion hazard area 1cm2 Proppant erosion angle 30° Proppant impact ratio 0.75

[0210] S3: Calculate the erosion rate of the high-pressure manifold;

[0211] According to the displacement of the fracturing pump, the erosion rates in the high-pressure manifold are 8.74m / s, 6.55m / s and 10.92m / s respectively. According to the 15CrNiMo erosion rate prediction model, the erosion rates of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material are 3.292mg / kg, 2.666mg / kg and 4.097mg / kg respectively.

[0212] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0213]

[0214]

[0215] Where: ER' is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo after correction, ER m is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo, W t is the total erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, and β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, which is 3.88 cm 2 / s 2; φ is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor, which is 24.29 cm 2 / s 2 .

[0216] S4: Calculate the erosion weight loss of high pressure manifold;

[0217] According to the fracturing construction parameters and the erosion weight loss prediction equation of the 105MPa surface manifold, it is calculated that the erosion weight losses of the 105MPa surface manifold after single-stage fracturing construction are 20.11g, 14.14g, and 78.56g, respectively.

[0218] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0219] W T =M st ×ER′

[0220]

[0221] W T is the total erosion wear of the ground pipe at 105MPa, M st is the total mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen during fracturing, M si is the mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, i is the sequence number of the stage in the fracturing process, i≤m, dimensionless; Si is the sand content in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, Q i is the fracturing displacement in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, ρ 15 is the density of the sand-carrying fluid in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, t i is the duration of the i-th stage in the fracturing process.

[0222] S5: Calculate the erosion reduction of the manifold wall thickness;

[0223] Assuming that the erosion damage of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold is in the form of uniform loss, the calculation method for the erosion thinning of the manifold wall thickness is as follows. The calculated erosion thinning of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold is 0.024mm, 0.017mm, and 0.092mm, and the total thinning is 0.133mm.

[0224]

[0225] Where, ΔT is the wall thickness reduction of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold due to erosion and wear, ω is the proppant impact ratio, which is dimensionless; ρ 15 is the density of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material (15CrNiMo), and A is the area of ​​erosion danger zone.

[0226] S6: Determine whether to issue a risk warning for the wall thickness limit threshold;

[0227] Since the wall thickness reduction of the fracturing manifold in Well C was 0.133 mm, which was much smaller than the warning value of the thinning of the 4'-1502 long radius elbow (2.16 mm), no warning was required.

[0228] Example 5

[0229] This embodiment provides a method and system for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold applied to the 4-stage fracturing of a shale gas well a. The specific steps are as follows:

[0230] S1: Clarify the construction parameters and manifold layout parameters as shown in the following table:

[0231] Fracturing operation parameters Numeric Manifold layout parameters Numeric Stage 1 fracturing pump displacement 75m3 / h Number of movable elbows 2 The first stage of sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.15 Installation angle of movable elbow 75° Second stage fracturing pump displacement 100m3 / h Manifold inner diameter 47.75mm The second stage of sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.25 Manifold wall thickness 11.43mm Stage 3 fracturing pump displacement 125m3 / h Elbow Type 2'-1502 Long Radius The third stage of sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.3 Stage 4 Fracturing Pump Displacement 150m3 / h The 4th stage sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.4 Single stage fracturing time 1.2 Fracturing pump pressure 70MPa Viscosity of sand-carrying fluid 1250kg / m3

[0232] S2: Simulate / calculate to obtain erosion characteristic parameters;

[0233] According to the single-stage fracturing construction and manifold layout parameters of shale oil well A, the erosion and wear characteristic parameters of the high-pressure manifold are obtained by simulation calculation using CFD software as follows:

[0234] Erosion characteristic parameters Numeric Erosion hazard area 0.4cm2 Proppant erosion angle 30° Proppant impact ratio 0.45

[0235] S3: Calculate the erosion rate of the high-pressure manifold;

[0236] According to the displacement of the fracturing pump, the erosion rates in the high-pressure manifold are 11.64m / s, 15.52m / s, 19.4m / s and 23.28m / s respectively. According to the 15CrNiMo erosion rate prediction model, the erosion rates of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material are 3.004mg / kg, 4.98mg / kg, 7.516mg / kg and 10.618mg / kg respectively.

[0237] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0238]

[0239]

[0240] Where: ER' is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo after correction, ER m is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo, W t is the total erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, and β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, which is 3.88 cm 2 / s 2 ; φ is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor, which is 24.29 cm 2 / s 2 .

[0241] S4: Calculate the erosion weight loss of high pressure manifold;

[0242] According to the fracturing construction parameters and the erosion weight loss prediction equation of the 105MPa surface manifold, it is calculated that the erosion weight losses of the 105MPa surface manifold after single-stage fracturing construction are 9.64g, 38.07g, 89.24g and 205.6g respectively.

[0243] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0244] W T =M st ×ER′

[0245]

[0246] W T is the total erosion wear of the ground pipe at 105MPa, M st is the total mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen during fracturing, M si is the mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, i is the sequence number of the stage in the fracturing process, i≤m, dimensionless; S i is the sand content in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, Q i is the fracturing displacement in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, ρ 15 is the density of the sand-carrying fluid in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, t i is the duration of the i-th stage in the fracturing process.

[0247] S5: Calculate the erosion reduction of the manifold wall thickness;

[0248] Assuming that the erosion damage of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold is in the form of uniform loss, the calculation method for the erosion thinning of the manifold wall thickness is as follows. The calculated erosion thinning of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold is 0.028mm, 0.112mm, 0.262mm, and 0.605mm, and the total thinning is 1.007mm.

[0249]

[0250] Where, ΔT is the wall thickness reduction of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold due to erosion and wear, ω is the proppant impact ratio, which is dimensionless; ρ 15 is the density of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material (15CrNiMo), and A is the area of ​​erosion danger zone.

[0251] S6: Determine whether to issue a risk warning for the wall thickness limit threshold;

[0252] Since the wall thickness reduction of the fracturing manifold in Well A is 1.007mm, which is less than the warning value of the thinning of the 2'-1502 long radius elbow (3.05mm), no warning is required; but the thinning has reached 33% of the warning value, and monitoring needs to be strengthened. Once the thinning approaches 3.05mm, an immediate warning should be issued.

[0253] Example 6

[0254] This embodiment provides a method and system for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold applied to the scenario of 3-stage fracturing of a shale gas well B. The specific steps are as follows:

[0255] S1: Clarify the construction parameters and manifold layout parameters as follows:

[0256] Fracturing operation parameters Numeric Manifold layout parameters Numeric Stage 1 fracturing pump displacement 300m3 / h Number of movable elbows 1 The first stage of sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.15 Installation angle of movable elbow 90° Second stage fracturing pump displacement 400m3 / h Manifold inner diameter 90mm The second stage of sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.25 Manifold wall thickness 23.5mm Stage 3 fracturing pump displacement 450m3 / h Elbow Type 4'-1502 Long Radius The third stage of sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.3 Single stage fracturing time 0.8h Fracturing pump pressure 100MPa Viscosity of sand-carrying fluid 1150kg / m3

[0257] S2: Simulate / calculate to obtain erosion characteristic parameters;

[0258] According to the single-stage fracturing construction and manifold layout parameters of shale oil well A, the erosion and wear characteristic parameters of the high-pressure manifold are obtained by simulation calculation using CFD software as follows:

[0259] Erosion characteristic parameters Numeric Erosion hazard area 0.8cm2 Proppant erosion angle 45° Proppant impact ratio 0.55

[0260] S3: Calculate the erosion rate of the high-pressure manifold;

[0261] According to the displacement of the fracturing pump, the erosion rates in the high-pressure manifold are 13.1m / s, 17.5m / s and 19.6m / s respectively. According to the 15CrNiMo erosion rate prediction model, the erosion rates of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material are 4.75mg / kg, 7.01mg / kg and 8.38mg / kg respectively.

[0262] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0263]

[0264]

[0265] Where: ER' is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo after correction, ER m is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo, W t is the total erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, and β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, which is 3.88 cm 2 / s 2 ; φ is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor, which is 24.29 cm 2 / s 2 .

[0266] S4: Calculate the erosion weight loss of high pressure manifold;

[0267] According to the fracturing construction parameters and the erosion weight loss prediction equation of the 105MPa surface manifold, it is calculated that the erosion weight loss of the 105MPa surface manifold after single-stage fracturing construction is 33g, 130.3g, and 222.6g respectively.

[0268] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0269] W T =M st ×ER′

[0270]

[0271] W T is the total erosion wear of the ground pipe at 105MPa, M st is the total mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen during fracturing, M si is the mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, i is the sequence number of the stage in the fracturing process, i≤m, dimensionless; S i is the sand content in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, Q i is the fracturing displacement in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, ρ 15 is the density of the sand-carrying fluid in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, t i is the duration of the i-th stage in the fracturing process.

[0272] S5: Calculate the erosion reduction of the manifold wall thickness;

[0273] Assuming that the erosion damage of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold is in the form of uniform loss, the calculation method for the erosion thinning of the manifold wall thickness is as follows. The calculated erosion thinning of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold is 0.048mm, 0.196mm, and 0.327mm, and the total thinning is 0.567mm.

[0274]

[0275] Where, ΔT is the wall thickness reduction of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold due to erosion and wear, ω is the proppant impact ratio, which is dimensionless; ρ 15 is the density of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material (15CrNiMo), and A is the area of ​​erosion danger zone.

[0276] S6: Determine whether to issue a risk warning for the wall thickness limit threshold;

[0277] Since the wall thickness reduction of the fracturing manifold in Well B is 0.567mm, which is much smaller than the warning value of the thinning of the 4'-1502 long radius elbow (2.16mm), no warning is required; however, the current thinning amount has exceeded the warning value by 26%, and monitoring needs to be strengthened. Once the thinning amount approaches 2.16mm, an immediate warning should be issued.

[0278] Example 7

[0279] This embodiment provides a method and system for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold applied to the 4th stage fracturing of a shale gas well C. The specific steps are as follows:

[0280] S1: Clarify the construction parameters and manifold layout parameters as follows:

[0281] Fracturing operation parameters Numeric Manifold layout parameters Numeric Stage 1 fracturing pump displacement 50m3 / h Number of movable elbows 1 The first stage of sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.1 Installation angle of movable elbow 90° Second stage fracturing pump displacement 75m3 / h Manifold inner diameter 38mm The second stage of sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.2 Manifold wall thickness 11.43mm Stage 3 fracturing pump displacement 100m3 / h Elbow Type 1.5'-1502 long radius The third stage of sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.3 Stage 4 Fracturing Pump Displacement 150m3 / h The 4th stage sand-carrying liquid-sand ratio 0.4 Single stage fracturing time 0.75 Fracturing pump pressure 90MPa Viscosity of sand-carrying fluid 1250kg / m3

[0282] S2: Simulate / calculate to obtain erosion characteristic parameters;

[0283] According to the single-stage fracturing construction and manifold layout parameters of shale oil well A, the erosion and wear characteristic parameters of the high-pressure manifold are obtained by simulation calculation using CFD software as follows:

[0284] Erosion characteristic parameters Numeric Erosion hazard area 0.2cm2 Proppant erosion angle 75° Proppant impact ratio 0.65

[0285] S3: Calculate the erosion rate of the high-pressure manifold;

[0286] According to the calculation based on the displacement of the fracturing pump, the erosion rates in the high-pressure manifold are 12.25m / s, 18.38m / s, 24.5m / s and 29.4m / s respectively. According to the 15CrNiMo erosion rate prediction model, the erosion rates of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material are 2.03mg / kg, 4.56mg / kg, 8.11mg / kg and 11.68mg / kg respectively.

[0287] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0288]

[0289]

[0290] Where: ER' is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo after correction, ER m is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo, W t is the total erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, and β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, which is 3.88 cm 2 / s 2 ; φ is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor, which is 24.29 cm 2 / s 2 .

[0291] S4: Calculate the erosion weight loss of high pressure manifold;

[0292] According to the fracturing construction parameters and the erosion weight loss prediction equation of the 105MPa surface manifold, it is calculated that the erosion weight losses of the 105MPa surface manifold after single-stage fracturing construction are 3.09g, 20.85g, 74.14g and 107.81g respectively.

[0293] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0294] W T =M st ×ER′

[0295]

[0296] W T is the total erosion wear of the ground pipe at 105MPa, M st is the total mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen during fracturing, M si is the mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, i is the sequence number of the stage in the fracturing process, i≤m, dimensionless; S i is the sand content in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, Q i is the fracturing displacement in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, ρ 15 is the density of the sand-carrying fluid in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, t i is the duration of the i-th stage in the fracturing process.

[0297] S5: Calculate the erosion reduction of the manifold wall thickness;

[0298] Assuming that the erosion damage of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold is in the form of uniform loss, the calculation method for the erosion thinning of the manifold wall thickness is as follows. The calculated erosion thinning of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold is 0.018mm, 0.123mm, 0.436mm, and 1.005mm, and the total thinning is 1.583mm.

[0299]

[0300] Where, ΔT is the wall thickness reduction of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold due to erosion and wear, ω is the proppant impact ratio, which is dimensionless; ρ 15 is the density of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material (15CrNiMo), and A is the area of ​​erosion danger zone.

[0301] S6: Determine whether to issue a risk warning for the wall thickness limit threshold;

[0302] Since the wall thickness reduction of the fracturing manifold in Well C is 1.583mm, which is less than the warning value of the thinning of the 1.5'-1502 long radius elbow (2.66mm), there is no need for a warning for the time being; but the thinning has reached 60% of the warning value, and it is facing a greater risk of perforation and leakage, so it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and issue a warning immediately once the thinning is close to 2.66mm.

[0303] Example 8

[0304] This embodiment provides a method and system for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold applied to a scenario of single-stage fracturing of Well 1# in a loose sandstone reservoir. The specific steps are as follows:

[0305] S1: Clarify the construction parameters and manifold layout parameters as follows:

[0306]

[0307] S2: Simulate / calculate to obtain erosion characteristic parameters;

[0308] According to the single-stage fracturing construction and manifold layout parameters of shale oil well A, the erosion and wear characteristic parameters of the high-pressure manifold are obtained by simulation calculation using CFD software as follows:

[0309] Erosion characteristic parameters Numeric Erosion hazard area 0.45cm2 Proppant erosion angle 30° Proppant impact ratio 0.55

[0310] S3: Calculate the erosion rate of the high-pressure manifold;

[0311] According to the displacement of the fracturing pump, the erosion rate in the high-pressure manifold is 14.44m / s. According to the 15CrNiMo erosion rate prediction model, the erosion rate of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material is 8.79mg / kg. The calculation formula is as follows.

[0312]

[0313]

[0314] Where: ER' is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo after correction, ER m is the erosion rate of 15CrNiMo, W t is the total erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, and β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, which is 3.88 cm 2 / s 2 ; φ is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor, which is 24.29 cm 2 / s 2 .

[0315] S4: Calculate the erosion weight loss of high pressure manifold;

[0316] According to the fracturing construction parameters and the erosion weight loss prediction equation of the 105MPa surface manifold, it is calculated that the erosion weight loss of the 105MPa surface manifold after single-stage fracturing construction is 975g. The calculation formula is shown below.

[0317] W T =M st ×ER′ (7)

[0318]

[0319] W T is the total erosion wear of the ground pipe at 105MPa, M st is the total mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen during fracturing, M si is the mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, i is the sequence number of the stage in the fracturing process, i≤m, dimensionless; S i is the sand content in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, Q i is the fracturing displacement in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, ρ 15 is the density of the sand-carrying fluid in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, t i is the duration of the i-th stage in the fracturing process.

[0320] S5: Calculate the erosion reduction of the manifold wall thickness;

[0321] Assuming that the erosion damage of the 105MPa ground fracturing manifold is in the form of uniform loss, the calculation method for the erosion thinning of the manifold wall thickness is as follows. The calculated erosion thinning of the 105MPa high-pressure manifold is 2.55mm.

[0322]

[0323] Where, ΔT is the wall thickness reduction of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold due to erosion and wear, ω is the proppant impact ratio, which is dimensionless; ρ 15 is the density of 105MPa ground fracturing manifold material (15CrNiMo), and A is the area of ​​erosion danger zone.

[0324] S6: Determine whether to issue a risk warning for the wall thickness limit threshold;

[0325] Since the wall thickness reduction of the fracturing manifold in Well 1# is 2.55mm, it has reached 91% of the warning value of the thinning of the 3'-1502 long radius elbow (2.79mm), and an immediate wall thickness thinning risk warning is required.

[0326] Example 9

[0327] Fig.11FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a high-pressure manifold erosion and wear prediction system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.11 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-pressure manifold erosion and wear prediction system, comprising:

[0328] A simulation calculation module is used to perform erosion and wear simulation calculation on the target high-pressure manifold according to preset fracturing construction parameters to determine erosion characteristic parameters;

[0329] An erosion wear rate prediction module is used to obtain the erosion wear rate of the erosion risk area based on preset fracturing construction parameters and erosion characteristic parameters using a pre-built erosion rate prediction model; wherein the erosion risk area is obtained based on the erosion wear simulation calculation of the target high-pressure manifold;

[0330] A material loss prediction module is used to obtain the material loss in the erosion risk area based on the erosion wear rate, preset fracturing construction parameters and erosion characteristic parameters using a pre-built erosion loss weight calculation model;

[0331] The module for obtaining the wall thickness reduction is used to obtain the wall thickness reduction of the manifold in the erosion risk area according to the material loss amount and the erosion characteristic parameters;

[0332] The risk warning judgment module is used to determine whether to issue a risk warning based on the amount of wall thickness reduction caused by erosion and wear of the manifold and obtain a judgment result.

[0333] In the above implementation process, the system performs erosion wear simulation calculation on the target high-pressure manifold according to the preset fracturing construction parameters to determine the erosion characteristic parameters. The pre-constructed erosion rate prediction model is used to analyze the preset fracturing construction parameters and erosion characteristic parameters to obtain the erosion wear rate of the erosion-hazardous area of ​​the target high-pressure manifold, thereby realizing the prediction of the erosion wear rate. The pre-constructed erosion weight loss calculation model is used to analyze the erosion wear rate, the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters to obtain the material loss in the erosion-hazardous area, thereby realizing the prediction of the erosion weight loss in the erosion-hazardous area. Based on the material loss and erosion characteristic parameters in the erosion-hazardous area, the erosion wear wall thickness thinning amount of the manifold in the erosion-hazardous area is obtained, thereby realizing the prediction of the erosion thinning degree. The erosion wear wall thickness thinning amount of the manifold is compared with the preset wall thickness thinning threshold to determine whether to issue a risk warning. The relevant erosion wear prediction model for the target high-pressure manifold was established based on the erosion wear experimental data of the target high-pressure manifold material, and the erosion rate and erosion weight loss of the target high-pressure manifold during the fracturing process were quantitatively calculated, the wall thickness thinning limit threshold was judged, and the perforation failure risk warning was warned. The problem of insufficient scientificity of the fracturing manifold detection basis (use time, sand volume, and liquid volume) in the current hydraulic fracturing construction and insufficient pertinence of the existing erosion prediction model in terms of engineering guidance was solved, and a reference basis was provided for the prediction of erosion damage of 105MPa high-pressure manifolds during hydraulic fracturing, effectively ensuring the continuity and safety of fracturing construction.

[0334] Example 10

[0335] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon. When the instructions are executed by the processor 100, the processor 100 is configured to execute the above-mentioned high-pressure manifold erosion wear prediction method.

[0336] Machine-readable storage media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include temporary computer-readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0337] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device 10, which includes a memory 101, a processor 100, and a computer program 102 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the processor 100. When the processor 100 executes the computer program 102, the above-mentioned high-pressure manifold erosion and wear prediction method is implemented.

[0338] like Fig.12 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.12 As shown, the electronic device 10 of this embodiment includes: a processor 100, a memory 101, and a computer program 102 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the processor 100. When the processor 100 executes the computer program 102, the steps in the above method embodiment are implemented. Alternatively, when the processor 100 executes the computer program 102, the functions of each module / unit in the above device embodiment are implemented.

[0339] Exemplarily, the computer program 102 may be divided into one or more modules / units, one or more modules / units are stored in the memory 101, and are executed by the processor 100 to complete the present invention. One or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of completing specific functions, and the instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program 102 in the electronic device 10. For example, the computer program 102 may be divided into a simulation calculation module, an erosion wear rate prediction module, a material loss amount prediction module, a wall thickness reduction amount acquisition module, and a risk warning judgment module.

[0340] The electronic device 10 may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a PDA, or a cloud server. The electronic device 10 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 100 and a memory 101. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that Fig.12 It is only an example of the electronic device 10 and does not constitute a limitation of the electronic device 10. It may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, the electronic device may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0341] The processor 100 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.

[0342] The memory 101 may be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 10, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device 10. The memory 101 may also be an external storage device of the electronic device 10, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the electronic device 10. Further, the memory 101 may also include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device 10 and an external storage device. The memory 101 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the electronic device 10. The memory 101 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0343] The technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0344] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program 102 products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may take the form of a computer program 102 product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0345] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program 102 products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by the computer program 102 instructions. These computer program 102 instructions can be provided to a processor 100 of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor 100 of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0346] These computer program 102 instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory 101 that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory 101 produce an article of manufacture including an instruction device that implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0347] These computer program 102 instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for executing on the computer or other programmable device to implement the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0348] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0349] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold, characterized in that: include: According to the preset fracturing construction parameters, the erosion wear simulation calculation is performed on the target high-pressure manifold to determine the erosion characteristic parameters; Based on the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters, the erosion wear rate of the erosion risk area is obtained by using a pre-constructed erosion rate prediction model; wherein the erosion risk area is obtained based on the erosion wear simulation calculation of the target high-pressure manifold; Based on the erosion wear rate, the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters, the material loss amount in the erosion risk area is obtained using a pre-built erosion weight loss calculation model; According to the material loss amount and the erosion characteristic parameters, the erosion wear wall thickness reduction amount of the manifold in the erosion risk area is obtained; Based on the amount of wall thickness reduction due to erosion and wear of the manifold, it is determined whether to issue a risk warning and a determination result is obtained.

2. The high pressure manifold erosion wear prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction rules of the erosion rate prediction model include: Based on the test data obtained from the erosion wear experiment on the erosion specimen of the target high-pressure manifold, an erosion rate prediction model is constructed.

3. The high pressure manifold erosion wear prediction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The erosion rate prediction model is constructed based on the test data obtained by performing an erosion wear test on the erosion specimen of the target high-pressure manifold, including: Based on the test data, fitting the erosion energy consumption value; Constructing an initial model for erosion wear prediction, substituting the erosion energy consumption value into the initial model for erosion wear prediction, and obtaining an erosion wear prediction model that matches the target high-pressure manifold; According to the erosion wear prediction model, an erosion rate prediction model is established.

4. The method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold according to claim 3, characterized in that: The basic equation of the initial model for erosion wear prediction is as follows: IN t =In d +W c Among them, W t is the total erosion wear, W d is the deformation erosion wear, W c is the cutting erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, α0 is the critical angle of the total erosion weight loss peak, n is the horizontal rebound factor, β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor.

5. The method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold according to claim 4, characterized in that: The equation of the erosion rate prediction model is as follows: Among them, ER m is the erosion rate of the erosion specimen, W t is the total erosion wear, M s is the weight of the proppant that has been eroded in the test, v is the erosion velocity, α is the impact angle, β is the erosion deformation energy consumption factor, is the erosion cutting energy consumption factor.

6. The method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the erosion rate prediction model is established, the method further includes: According to the internal pressure load action parameters of the target high-pressure manifold, the erosion rate prediction model is corrected to obtain a corrected erosion rate prediction model; wherein, The internal pressure load action parameter is: The equation of the revised erosion rate prediction model is: Where p is the target high-pressure manifold internal pressure, R is the high-pressure elbow curvature radius, t is the manifold wall thickness, σ θ is the circumferential stress, r is the average value of the inner and outer diameters of the manifold elbow, and ER' is the erosion rate of the corrected erosion specimen.

7. The method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold according to claim 6, characterized in that: The equation of the erosion weight loss calculation model is as follows: W T =M st ×ER′ in, W T is the total erosion wear of the erosion specimen during the fracturing process, M st is the total mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen during fracturing, M si is the mass of solid particles impacting the erosion specimen in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, i is the sequence number of the stage in the fracturing process, i≤m, S i is the sand content in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, Q i is the fracturing displacement in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, ρ i is the density of the sand-carrying fluid in the i-th stage of the fracturing process, t i is the duration of the i-th stage in the fracturing process.

8. The method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The erosion characteristic parameters include the proppant erosion angle of the erosion risk area, the proppant impact ratio of the erosion risk area and the area of ​​the erosion risk area; The method of performing erosion wear simulation calculation on the target high-pressure manifold according to the preset fracturing construction parameters to determine the erosion characteristic parameters includes: Perform erosion wear simulation calculation according to preset fracturing construction parameters to obtain erosion wear cloud map and solid phase particle streamline map in erosion danger area; Based on the erosion wear cloud map, the area of ​​the erosion danger zone is obtained; According to the solid phase particle streamline diagram, the proppant erosion angle in the erosion risk area and the proppant impact ratio in the erosion risk area are determined.

9. The method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset fracturing construction parameters at least include a sand-carrying fluid displacement parameter and a sand-carrying fluid-sand ratio parameter; The erosion characteristic parameters include the proppant impact ratio in the erosion risk area; The method of obtaining the material loss amount in the erosion risk area by using a pre-built erosion weight loss calculation model based on the erosion wear rate, the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters includes: The total mass of the proppant flowing through the erosion risk area during the fracturing operation is calculated according to the sand-carrying fluid displacement parameter and the sand-carrying fluid-sand ratio parameter; The total mass of the proppant that impacts the erosion risk area is calculated according to the total mass of the proppant that flows through the erosion risk area and the impact ratio of the proppant; Based on the preset fracturing construction parameters, the total mass of the proppant impacting the erosion risk area is input into the erosion weight loss calculation model to obtain the material loss amount in the erosion risk area.

10. The method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The erosion characteristic parameters include the area of ​​the erosion danger zone; The step of obtaining the amount of wall thickness reduction due to erosion wear of the manifold in the erosion risk area according to the material loss amount and the erosion characteristic parameter comprises: According to the formula The wall thickness reduction of the manifold in the erosion risk area is calculated; where M T is the material loss in the erosion risk area, ΔT is the wall thickness reduction due to erosion and wear of the manifold, ω is the proppant impact ratio, ρ 15 is the material density of the target high-pressure manifold, and A is the area of ​​the erosion danger zone.

11. The method for predicting erosion and wear of a high-pressure manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining whether to issue a risk warning based on the amount of wall thickness reduction due to erosion and wear of the manifold comprises: The amount of wall thickness reduction due to erosion and wear of the manifold is compared with a preset wall thickness reduction threshold to determine whether to issue a risk warning.

12. A high-pressure manifold erosion wear prediction system, characterized in that: include: A simulation calculation module is used to perform erosion and wear simulation calculation on the target high-pressure manifold according to preset fracturing construction parameters to determine erosion characteristic parameters; An erosion wear rate prediction module is used to obtain the erosion wear rate of the erosion risk area based on the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters using a pre-built erosion rate prediction model; wherein the erosion risk area is obtained based on the erosion wear simulation calculation of the target high-pressure manifold; A material loss prediction module is used to obtain the material loss in the erosion risk area by using a pre-built erosion weight loss calculation model based on the erosion wear rate, the preset fracturing construction parameters and the erosion characteristic parameters; A wall thickness reduction amount obtaining module is used to obtain the wall thickness reduction amount of the manifold erosion wear in the erosion risk area according to the material loss amount and the erosion characteristic parameter; The risk warning judgment module is used to judge whether to issue a risk warning based on the wall thickness reduction caused by erosion and wear of the manifold and obtain a judgment result.

13. A machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the instruction is executed by a processor, the processor is configured to execute the high-pressure manifold erosion wear prediction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

14. An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the high-pressure manifold erosion and wear prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is implemented.

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