Marine five-prevention interlocking device with linkage of U-shaped supporting piece and grounding switch

Abstract

The invention relates to a marine five-prevention interlocking device with a U-shaped support piece linked with a grounding switch, and the device comprises an electrical interlock which is disposed at a bus grounding and circuit breaker test position of a control screen of a medium-voltage main distribution board; the cable chamber door interlock is a cable chamber door interlock of the medium-voltage main distribution board control screen; the circuit breaker chamber door and handcart position interlocking device is arranged at the handcart position interlocking position, interlocking is added for a 4kV cabinet body and a 10kV cabinet body respectively, and safety of electrical equipment and personal safety is guaranteed. The grounding switch interlocking mechanism is matched with a grounding switch device suitable for large torque for the grounding operation mechanism of the medium-voltage main distribution board control screen and can realize a five-prevention mechanical interlocking function of the medium-voltage main distribution board control screen; the middle door interlocking mechanism is used for interlocking a circuit breaker chamber door, meets the requirement of a control screen of a medium-voltage main distribution board for preventing entering an electrified interval by mistake, and ensures that a middle door is not opened and the safety of equipment and personnel is ensured when the circuit breaker is in a working position; and the rear upper door interlock is used for interlocking a 4kV rear door and a grounding switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a power transmission and distribution system of a ship power system, in particular to a five-protection interlocking device of a main switchboard of a ship power system. Background Art

[0002] The five-protection interlocking device of the marine switchboard is a safety measure used to prevent misoperation in the power system, thereby ensuring the safety of operators and the stable operation of the power system. To ensure the safe operation of the switchgear, in addition to strictly following the regulations, the reliability of the mechanical interlocking of the switchgear must also be improved. At present, there are many types of switchgear on the market, and most of them have relatively complete interlocking methods. However, there are still many high-voltage switchgear interlocks, especially mechanical interlocks, that are not perfect and cannot fully meet the "five-protection" requirements.

[0003] The development of five-protection interlocking devices has gone through mechanical five-protection, electromagnetic five-protection, and microcomputer five-protection. The future development direction is distributed five-protection. Conventional anti-mistake locking methods mainly include mechanical locking, program lock, electrical interlocking and electromagnetic lock. The development and application of these technologies provide important guarantees for the safe operation of power systems. With the advancement of technology, five-protection interlocking devices are also constantly improving and perfecting.

[0004] The development of the current integrated power system not only requires the switchgear in the power system to have the functions of measurement, monitoring, control, protection, etc., but also requires the operation of the switchgear to be remote, intelligent, safe and automated. DC circuit breakers play an important role in the main switchboard of the integrated power system. Generally speaking, the DC circuit breaker setting needs to have the "five-protection" interlocking function. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the original "five-protection" interlocking device of DC circuit breaker, in order to adapt to the changing trend of the current integrated power system becoming more complex and refined, the present invention proposes a ship-based five-protection interlocking device in which a U-shaped support is linked with a grounding switch to meet the new requirements of the DC main distribution board system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a marine five-protection interlocking device in which a U-shaped support is linked to an earthing switch, including an electrical interlock, a cable room door interlock, a circuit breaker room door and a trolley position interlock, an earthing switch interlock mechanism, a middle door interlock mechanism and a rear upper door interlock,

[0007] Electrical interlocking, set at the busbar grounding and circuit breaker test positions of the control panel of the medium voltage main switchboard;

[0008] Cable room door interlock, which is the cable room door interlock of the medium voltage main switchboard control panel, and is interlocked through the grounding switch operating mechanism;

[0009] The circuit breaker room door is interlocked with the trolley position, which is set at the trolley position interlock. On the basis of the original trolley position interlock, an additional interlock is added for the 4kV cabinet and the 10kV cabinet to ensure the safety of electrical equipment and personnel.

[0010] The grounding switch interlocking mechanism is a grounding switch device suitable for large torque, which is matched with the grounding operating mechanism of the medium-voltage main switchboard control panel and can realize the five-protection mechanical interlocking function of the medium-voltage main switchboard control panel;

[0011] The middle door interlock mechanism is used for the interlocking of the circuit breaker room door, meeting the requirements of the medium voltage main switchboard control panel to prevent accidental entry into the live compartment. When the circuit breaker is in the working position, the middle door is ensured not to be opened, ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel;

[0012] The rear door interlock is used for the interlocking of the 4kV rear door and the grounding switch, and is maintained by the waist-shaped support on the lower left; the 10kV rear door interlock is directly made on the grounding switch, and directly utilizes the U-shaped support inside the rear door. When the grounding switch is opened, the rear door is hooked and cannot be opened, and vice versa.

[0013] Furthermore, the cable room door is interlocked to achieve the safety protection requirements of the lower door under normal circumstances: when the circuit breaker is closed, the cable room is energized, the grounding switch cannot be closed, and the lower door cannot be opened to prevent people from accidentally entering the energized cable room; only when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the grounding switch is closed, and the cable room is not energized, can the lower door be opened to enter the cable room.

[0014] Furthermore, when the grounding switch is opened, the cam on the grounding switch operating rod causes the pin shaft in the lower door interlocking mechanism to lock the tongue plate fixed to the lower door, so that the lower door cannot be opened; when the grounding switch is closed, the cam on the grounding switch operating rod presses the pin shaft downward so that the neck on the pin shaft is located at the tongue plate position, the tongue plate can be disengaged from the pin shaft, and the lower door can be opened.

[0015] Furthermore, the circuit breaker room door is interlocked with the trolley position, including the 4kV cabinet through the emergency tripping rod to enhance the trolley position interlock; the 10kV cabinet uses a key to open the lock hole below the middle operating hole to enhance the trolley position interlock, and the operating hole on its left is used for emergency tripping.

[0016] Furthermore, the grounding switch interlocking mechanism adopts a grounding interlocking device to realize the five-protection mechanical interlocking functions of transmitting rotation, reducing rotation, and realizing the medium-voltage main distribution board control panel.

[0017] Furthermore, the grounding interlocking device utilizes a screw drive and a reducer device to realize the independent operation of the front axle and the rear axle. By changing the front axle from rotation to movement, the grounding device rotates three circles, and the slider drives the pressure plate to realize the front axle interlocking. At the same time, the planetary gear reducer is used in reverse to realize the tail rotation deceleration, and the rear axle can only rotate half a circle.

[0018] Furthermore, the middle door interlocking mechanism adopts a four-rod slider mechanism, which cooperates with the valve mechanism, cabinet frame and middle door in the distribution board to realize the circuit breaker being rocked in, the valve being pressed down, and the middle door interlocking mechanism being linked, so that the middle door cannot be opened, thereby avoiding accidental entry into the energized interval; when the circuit breaker is in the test position, the valve mechanism rebounds, the middle door interlocking mechanism is unlocked, and the middle door can be opened.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention realizes its five-defense functions through electrical interlocking, cable room door interlocking, circuit breaker room door and trolley position interlocking, grounding switch interlocking mechanism design, middle door interlocking mechanism design and rear upper door interlocking and other designs.

[0021] 2. The electrical interlock ensures that it can complete the function of accidentally opening and closing the circuit breaker or contactor. The opening and closing operations can only be performed when the circuit breaker or contactor is in the working, testing or removed position.

[0022] 3. The interlock of the cable room door can realize the safety protection requirements of the lower door and ensure its function of preventing accidental entry into the live interval. When the circuit breaker or contactor is not in the working position, the valve mechanism will act to prevent approaching the busbar. The rear door cannot be opened when the grounding switch is in the non-closing position. The circuit breaker or contactor room door can only be opened when the circuit breaker or contactor is in the test position.

[0023] 4. The circuit breaker room door is interlocked with the trolley position to ensure that it can prevent the earthing switch from being closed with power on and prevent the trolley from being pushed or pulled with load. When the circuit breaker or contactor is in working condition, the earthing switch operating handle is not allowed to be inserted into the operating hole.

[0024] 5. The interlocking mechanism of the grounding switch is designed to ensure that it can prevent the grounding switch from closing the circuit breaker or contactor in the grounding position. When the grounding switch is in the closed position, the circuit breaker or contactor cannot enter the working position.

[0025] 6. The design of the middle door interlock mechanism and the rear door interlock mechanism completes the function of preventing accidental entry into the energized interval. When the circuit breaker or contactor is not in the working position, the valve mechanism will act to prevent approaching the busbar. The rear door cannot be opened when the grounding switch is in the non-closing position. The circuit breaker or contactor room door can only be opened when the circuit breaker or contactor is in the test position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the emergency tripping pole of a 4kV cabinet;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking operation hole of a 10kV cabinet;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the interlocking mechanism of the grounding switch;

[0029] Figure 4 It is the middle door interlocking diagram;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the 4kV back door and earthing switch interlock;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the 10kV back door and grounding switch interlocking. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention proposes a marine five-protection interlocking device in which a U-shaped support is linked with an earthing switch, including an electrical interlock, a cable room door interlock, a circuit breaker room door and a trolley position interlock, an earthing switch interlocking mechanism, a middle door interlocking mechanism and a rear upper door interlock.

[0034] The invention proposes improvements on the interlocking of the circuit breaker chamber door and the trolley position and the rear door on the basis of the original five-protection interlocking device.

[0035] (1) For the interlocking of the circuit breaker room door and the trolley position, the 4kV cabinet uses the emergency tripping lever to enhance the trolley position interlocking; the 10kV cabinet uses the key to open the lock hole below the middle operating hole to enhance the trolley position interlocking, and the operating hole on the left is used for emergency tripping.

[0036] (2) For the rear door interlock, the 4kV rear door and the grounding switch are interlocked through the waist-shaped support on the lower left; the 10kV rear door interlock is made directly on the grounding switch, directly using the U-shaped support inside the rear door. When the grounding switch is opened, the rear door is hooked and cannot be opened, and vice versa.

[0037] Regarding the above interlocking structure and function, the specific contents are as follows

[0038] (1) Electrical interlock

[0039] When the cable inside the generator panel is grounded or the circuit breaker is in the test position, it is electrically interlocked with the generator energized state; the busbar grounding of the control panel of the medium-voltage main distribution board and the circuit breaker test position are electrically interlocked.

[0040] (2) Cable room door interlock

[0041] The cable room door interlock of the medium voltage main switchboard control panel is realized through the earthing switch operating mechanism, as follows:

[0042] When the grounding switch is opened, the cam on the grounding switch operating rod causes the pin in the lower door interlocking mechanism to lock the tongue plate fixed on the lower door, so that the lower door cannot be opened;

[0043] When the grounding switch is closed, the cam on the grounding switch operating lever presses the pin shaft downward so that the neck on the pin shaft is located at the tongue plate position. The tongue plate can be disengaged from the pin shaft and the lower door can be opened.

[0044] Under normal circumstances, this interlock can achieve the safety protection requirements of the lower door: when the circuit breaker is closed, the cable room is energized, the grounding switch cannot be closed, and the lower door cannot be opened, preventing people from accidentally entering the energized cable room; only when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the grounding switch is closed, and the cable room is not energized, can the lower door be opened to enter the cable room.

[0045] (3) Interlocking of circuit breaker room door and trolley position

[0046] The 4kV cabinet has an emergency trip lever to enhance the trolley position interlock; the 10kV cabinet has an emergency trip lever to enhance the trolley position interlock by opening the lock hole below the middle operating hole with a key, and the operating hole on the left is used for emergency trip.

[0047] The protection level of the control panel of the medium voltage main switchboard is high. When the circuit breaker needs to be manually stored, closed, or opened in the working position, the circuit breaker room door must be opened, and the protection level between people and live parts is reduced, which poses a safety hazard. If there is a phase-to-phase or single-phase grounding fault in the high-voltage circuit at this time, the circuit breaker operation closing may cause a personal safety accident.

[0048] The solution to the above problems is that the opening and closing of the circuit breaker room door can control the position of the circuit breaker trolley. The interlocking scheme of the circuit breaker itself is adopted to realize the interlocking with the cabinet door. When the circuit breaker room door is open, the chassis vehicle operating handle cannot be pushed up to shake the chassis vehicle to enter the working position. Only when the circuit breaker room door is closed can the chassis vehicle enter the working state. The potential accidents caused by such problems are solved by controlling the position of the chassis vehicle and interlocking with the circuit breaker room door. When the middle door is open, the chassis vehicle operating handle cannot be pushed up to shake the chassis vehicle.

[0049] The present invention adds an interlock at the trolley position interlock on the basis of the original trolley position interlock for the 4kV cabinet and the 10kV cabinet, thereby ensuring the safety of electrical equipment and personnel.

[0050] The 4kV cabinet can be pushed out by twisting the emergency trip lever 1 to the left, and then the handle operation hole can be exposed. Figure 1 shown.

[0051] 10kV cabinet body uses the key to open the lock hole 2 below the middle operation hole, and then open the handle operation hole to push the trolley out; the operation hole 3 on the left is used for right-hand emergency opening, see Figure 2 .

[0052] (4) Earth switch interlocking mechanism

[0053] The grounding operating mechanism of the medium voltage main switchboard control panel is suitable for large torque grounding switchgear. This mechanism requires a complete set of mechanisms to undertake this function: transmission rotation, deceleration rotation, and can realize the five-protection mechanical interlocking function of the medium voltage main switchboard control panel. In combination with existing grounding device products, a non-standard grounding interlocking device is designed to meet the interlocking requirements.

[0054] By using the mechanical characteristics of the lead screw, the front axle is changed from rotating to moving, the grounding device rotates three circles, and the slider drives the pressure plate to realize the front axle interlocking. At the same time, the planetary gear reducer is used in reverse to realize the tail rotation deceleration. The rear axle can only rotate half a circle. Figure 3 (a), (b), (c), (d).

[0055] The non-standard mechanical device includes a lead screw 4, a reducer 5, a slider 6, an interlocking pressure plate 7, a locking sleeve 8, etc., and uses the lead screw transmission and the reducer device to realize the front axle and the rear axle to work separately. The lead screw 4 and the reducer 5 in the device can be selected in various types, and the various non-standard grounding interlocking devices after evolution can be applied to a variety of medium and high voltage distribution board equipment.

[0056] (5) Middle door interlocking mechanism

[0057] The control panel of the medium-voltage main switchboard is required to prevent accidental entry into the energized interval. The circuit breaker room door can only be opened when the circuit breaker is in the test position. The middle door cannot be opened when the circuit breaker is in the working position or during the process of moving the position.

[0058] Xinyan circuit breakers and contactors do not have direct matching middle door interlock kits. In order to meet the product interlock requirements, non-standard interlock devices are designed.

[0059] The interlocking device uses a four-bar slider mechanism, in conjunction with the valve mechanism 10 in the switchboard, the cabinet frame, and the middle door 9, to swing the circuit breaker in, press the valve down, and link the middle door interlocking mechanism, so that the middle door 9 cannot be opened, to prevent accidental entry into the energized compartment. When the circuit breaker is in the test position, the valve mechanism rebounds, the middle door interlocking mechanism retracts, unlocks and extends 11, and the middle door 9 can be opened. Figure 4 When the circuit breaker is in the working position, ensure that the middle door 9 is not opened to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0060] (6) Rear door interlock

[0061] According to the structural characteristics of the cabinet, the pressure relief channel of the cable room is connected to the rear upper door. When the cable room is energized, if the rear upper door is opened, the energized interval may be mistakenly entered, which is contrary to the design of the five protections. The solution to this problem is to open the rear upper door after the cable room door is opened. The design principle is shown in the figure. Only when the cable room door is opened, the rear upper door is allowed to open, eliminating the safety hazard. The five protections "prevent mistaken entry into the energized interval" requirements are met.

[0062] On the basis of the above-mentioned rear door interlock, an improvement is made by adding an interlock for the 4kV cabinet and the 10kV cabinet respectively on the basis of the original rear door interlock to ensure the safety of electrical equipment and personnel.

[0063] The 4kV rear door and the grounding switch are interlocked by the waist-shaped support 12 at the lower left. When the grounding switch is open, the rear door is hooked. The rear door can be opened only when the grounding switch is closed. Figure 5 .

[0064] The 10kV rear door interlock is directly built on the grounding switch. There is a hook on the shaft, which directly hooks the U-shaped support 13 in the rear door. When the grounding switch is opened, the rear door cannot be opened by hooking it. When the grounding switch is closed, the rear door can be opened. Figure 6 .

Claims

1. A marine five-protection interlocking device in which a U-shaped support is linked to an earthing switch, characterized in that: It includes electrical interlock, cable room door interlock, circuit breaker room door and trolley position interlock, grounding switch interlock, middle door interlock and rear door interlock, among which: Electrical interlocking, set at the busbar grounding and circuit breaker test positions of the control panel of the medium voltage main switchboard; Cable room door interlock, which is the cable room door interlock of the medium voltage main switchboard control panel, and is interlocked through the grounding switch operating mechanism; The circuit breaker room door is interlocked with the trolley position, which is set at the trolley position interlock. On the basis of the original trolley position interlock, an additional interlock is added for the 4kV cabinet and the 10kV cabinet to ensure the safety of electrical equipment and personnel. The grounding switch interlocking mechanism is a grounding switch device suitable for large torque, which is matched with the grounding operating mechanism of the medium-voltage main switchboard control panel and can realize the five-protection mechanical interlocking function of the medium-voltage main switchboard control panel; The middle door interlock mechanism is used for the interlocking of the circuit breaker room door, meeting the requirements of the medium voltage main switchboard control panel to prevent accidental entry into the live compartment. When the circuit breaker is in the working position, the middle door is ensured not to be opened, ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel; The rear door interlock is used for the interlocking of the 4kV rear door and the grounding switch, and is maintained by the waist-shaped support on the lower left; the 10kV rear door interlock is directly made on the grounding switch, and directly utilizes the U-shaped support inside the rear door. When the grounding switch is opened, the rear door is hooked and cannot be opened, and vice versa.

2. The marine five-protection interlocking device of the U-shaped support and the earthing switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cable room door is interlocked to achieve the safety protection requirements of the lower door under normal circumstances: when the circuit breaker is closed, the cable room is energized, the grounding switch cannot be closed, and the lower door cannot be opened to prevent people from accidentally entering the energized cable room; the lower door can only be opened to enter the cable room when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the grounding switch is closed, and the cable room is not energized.

3. The marine five-protection interlocking device with U-shaped support and earthing switch linked together according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the grounding switch is opened, the cam on the grounding switch operating rod causes the pin in the lower door interlocking mechanism to lock the tongue plate fixed on the lower door, so that the lower door cannot be opened; When the grounding switch is closed, the cam on the grounding switch operating lever presses the pin shaft downward so that the neck on the pin shaft is located at the tongue plate position. The tongue plate can be disengaged from the pin shaft and the lower door can be opened.

4. The marine five-protection interlocking device with U-shaped support and earthing switch linked together according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The circuit breaker room door is interlocked with the trolley position, including the 4kV cabinet through the emergency tripping rod to enhance the trolley position interlock; the 10kV cabinet opens the lock hole below the middle operation hole with a key to enhance the trolley position interlock, and the operation hole on its left is used for emergency tripping.

5. The marine five-protection interlocking device with U-shaped support and earthing switch linked together according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grounding switch interlocking mechanism adopts a grounding interlocking device to realize the transmission rotation, deceleration rotation, and the five-protection mechanical interlocking function of the medium-voltage main distribution board control panel.

6. The marine five-protection interlocking device with U-shaped support and earthing switch linked together according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The grounding interlocking device utilizes a lead screw transmission and a reducer device to realize the independent operation of the front and rear axles. By changing the front axle from rotation to movement, the grounding device rotates three circles, and the slider drives the pressure plate to realize the front axle interlocking. At the same time, the planetary gear reducer is used in reverse to realize the tail rotation deceleration, and the rear axle can only rotate half a circle.

7. The marine five-protection interlocking device with U-shaped support and earthing switch linked together according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The middle door interlocking mechanism adopts a four-rod slider mechanism, which cooperates with the valve mechanism, cabinet frame and middle door in the distribution board to realize the circuit breaker swinging in, the valve pressing down, and the middle door interlocking mechanism being linked. The middle door cannot be opened to avoid accidentally entering the energized interval; when the circuit breaker is in the test position, the valve mechanism rebounds, the middle door interlocking mechanism is unlocked, and the middle door can be opened.

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