Special fire extinguishing agent for lithium battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a special fire extinguishing agent for a lithium battery in the technical field of fire extinguishing agents. The special fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95.5-65 parts of deionized water; 0.08 to 0.25 part of a thickening agent; 0.04 to 0.06 part of a surfactant; 2-4 parts of a flame retardant; 5-20 parts of an anti-freezing agent; 0.2 to 0.25 part of a stabilizing agent; 0.25 to 0.4 part of a penetrating agent; the technical problem that in the prior art, the fire extinguishing effect is poor when a fire extinguishing agent deals with a lithium battery fire is solved, and the technical effect that the fire extinguishing agent is suitable for various fire extinguishing equipment, so that fire extinguishing can be conducted according to fire of lithium batteries of different structures is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing agents, and in particular relates to a fire extinguishing agent special for lithium batteries. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, electric motorcycles and other fields, the application of lithium batteries is becoming more and more extensive. However, there are certain safety hazards in the use of lithium batteries, especially the fire problem caused by ignition is becoming more and more serious. Traditional fire extinguishers have many shortcomings when dealing with lithium battery fires, such as dry powder fire extinguishing agents cannot cool down, the temperature inside the battery is out of control, which will cause re-ignition or explosion, dry powder is extremely corrosive and difficult to clean; water spraying requires a large amount of water, which is not suitable for all scenarios. Water will cause a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes, and the electrolyte inside the lithium battery will produce flammable and explosive gases when it encounters water; foam fire extinguishing agents do not cover comprehensively, etc. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fire extinguishing agent that is pollution-free, non-corrosive, suitable for various environments, low cost, and fast in extinguishing. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present application solves the technical problem that the fire extinguishing agent in the prior art has a poor fire extinguishing effect when dealing with lithium battery fires by providing a fire extinguishing agent specifically for lithium batteries, and achieves the technical effect of being applicable to a variety of fire extinguishing equipment, thereby being able to extinguish fires of lithium batteries with different structures.

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 95.5-65 parts of deionized water; 0.08-0.25 parts of thickener; 0.04-0.06 parts of surfactant; 2-4 parts of flame retardant; 5-20 parts of antifreeze; 0.2-0.25 parts of stabilizer; and 0.25-0.4 parts of penetrant.

[0005] The lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing agent is prepared by the following steps:

[0006] S1. After weighing the materials, use a hoist to transport them to a mixer for mixing, so that all the raw materials are fully mixed to obtain the first mixed material;

[0007] S2, the fully mixed first mixed material is sent to the dryer for drying, the stirring speed is maintained at 300-500 rpm, the stirring time is 15-20 minutes, and the next step is performed after drying until the moisture content is less than 0.18%;

[0008] S3, transfer the dried material to the main mixer and continue stirring at a speed of 500-700 rpm for 30-45 minutes until all ingredients are evenly distributed to form a stable fire extinguishing agent mixture;

[0009] S4. Send the mixed liquid to a filter with a filtration accuracy of not less than 50 meshes to remove existing impurities and incompletely dissolved substances to ensure the quality and stability of the fire extinguishing agent;

[0010] S5. Send the filtered fire extinguishing agent mixture into a vacuum emulsifier for emulsification treatment. The emulsification temperature is controlled at 40-50° C. and the emulsification time is 20-30 minutes to improve the stability and storage life of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0011] S6. After the emulsification treatment is completed, the fire extinguishing agent mixture is sent to the cooling system at a cooling rate not exceeding 5°C / minute to reduce its temperature to room temperature 20-25°C for easy filling;

[0012] S7. Fill the cooled fire extinguishing agent mixture into the fire extinguisher, hanging fire extinguishing device, and automatic sprinkler device. Keep the filling temperature at 20-25°C and the filling pressure at 0.5-1.0MPa, and seal it.

[0013] S8. Carry out quality inspection on the filled fire-fighting equipment, then package it for storage and transportation.

[0014] Preferably, the thickener is hydroxymethyl cellulose, which acts as both an adsorbent and a fixative.

[0015] Preferably, the surfactant is an alkyl polysaccharide containing 50% of active ingredients.

[0016] Preferably, the flame retardant is ammonium phosphate.

[0017] Preferably, the antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol.

[0018] Preferably, the stabilizer is diethylene glycol monobutyl ether.

[0019] Preferably, the penetrant is urea, which has both solubilizing and dispersing effects.

[0020] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0021] 1. The fire extinguishing agent provided by the present invention can quickly extinguish lithium battery fires and effectively prevent re-ignition by forming a water film to isolate oxygen and rapidly reduce temperature;

[0022] 2. The deionized water and special additives in the agent ensure that fire extinguishing in a live state will not cause a short circuit, thus improving the safety of the fire extinguishing process;

[0023] 3. The fire extinguishing agent is non-corrosive and will not cause damage to lithium batteries and their ancillary facilities, thus protecting the integrity of the equipment;

[0024] 4. The main ingredients of the agent are easy to degrade and will not pollute the environment, meeting the requirements of green environmental protection;

[0025] 5. The fire extinguishing agent provided by the present invention is suitable for a variety of environments and scenarios, is not limited by temperature, and can remain effective under different conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a line graph of the experimental effect of a fire extinguishing agent specially used for lithium batteries of the present invention.

[0027] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be applied to the present invention. The preferred implementation methods and materials described herein are for demonstration purposes only and are not intended to limit the content of this application.

[0030] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the experimental materials used in the following examples are purchased from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0031] Embodiment 1: A fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 95.5-65 parts of deionized water; 0.08-0.25 parts of thickener; 0.04-0.06 parts of surfactant; 2-4 parts of flame retardant; 5-20 parts of antifreeze; 0.2-0.25 parts of stabilizer; and 0.25-0.4 parts of penetrant.

[0032] Among them, deionized water: serves as a fire extinguishing agent carrier, and water is also a fire extinguishing agent.

[0033] Thickener: After the liquid is thickened, the carrier performance is improved, and it is also an element of water storage and film formation.

[0034] Surfactant: Reduces water tension, improves the homogenization and dispersion capabilities of various agents, and the fire retardant quickly wraps the battery surface.

[0035] Flame retardant: The film-forming agent is flame-retardant, and the flame retardant that penetrates into the battery prevents internal combustion.

[0036] Antifreeze: adapt to the ambient temperature, adjust the dosage according to the ambient temperature, and ensure that the agent remains in a liquid state suitable for spraying.

[0037] Stabilizer: Ensure that various materials are in a uniform and stable state in the liquid.

[0038] Penetrant: helps the agent dissolve and disperse in water, and improves the penetration of the agent into the battery.

[0039] Furthermore, the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing agent is prepared by the following steps:

[0040] S1. After weighing the materials, use a hoist to transport them to a mixer for mixing, so that all the raw materials are fully mixed to obtain the first mixed material;

[0041] S2, the fully mixed first mixed material is sent to the dryer for drying, the stirring speed is maintained at 300-500 rpm, the stirring time is 15-20 minutes, and the next step is performed after drying until the moisture content is less than 0.18%;

[0042] S3, transfer the dried material to the main mixer and continue stirring at a speed of 500-700 rpm for 30-45 minutes until all ingredients are evenly distributed to form a stable fire extinguishing agent mixture;

[0043] S4. Send the mixed liquid to a filter with a filtration accuracy of not less than 50 meshes to remove possible impurities and incompletely dissolved substances to ensure the quality and stability of the fire extinguishing agent;

[0044] S5. Send the filtered fire extinguishing agent mixture into a vacuum emulsifier for emulsification treatment. The emulsification temperature is controlled at 40-50° C. and the emulsification time is 20-30 minutes to improve the stability and storage life of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0045] S6. After the emulsification treatment is completed, the fire extinguishing agent mixture is sent to the cooling system at a cooling rate not exceeding 5°C / minute to reduce its temperature to room temperature 20-25°C for easy filling;

[0046] S7. Fill the cooled fire extinguishing agent mixture into containers such as fire extinguishers, hanging fire extinguishing devices, automatic sprinkler devices, etc., keep the filling temperature at 20-25°C, the filling pressure at 0.5-1.0MPa, and seal it;

[0047] S8. Carry out quality inspection on the filled fire-fighting equipment, then package it for storage and transportation.

[0048] Furthermore, the adsorbent is hydroxymethyl cellulose, and the adsorbent serves as a thickener and a fixative at the same time.

[0049] Furthermore, the surfactant is an alkyl polysaccharide containing 50% of active ingredients.

[0050] Furthermore, the flame retardant is ammonium phosphate.

[0051] Furthermore, the antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol.

[0052] Furthermore, the stabilizer is diethylene glycol monobutyl ether.

[0053] Furthermore, the penetrant is urea, and the penetrant plays both solubilizing and dispersing roles.

[0054] The experimental steps and result analysis of the above embodiment:

[0055] Preparation stage:

[0056] a. Leave the lithium battery sample at room temperature for 24 hours to ensure that it is stable. b. Set up the temperature controller and adjust it to three different temperature environments: room temperature (about 25°C), medium temperature (about 50°C), and high temperature (about 100°C). c. Prepare fire extinguishing agent, thermometer, video recording equipment, and other tools required for the experiment.

[0057] Experimental stage:

[0058] a. Room temperature fire extinguishing experiment: 1. Place the lithium battery sample in a room temperature environment to simulate a fire. 2. Use a thermocouple thermometer to record the temperature of the lithium battery when it catches fire. 3. Use a video recording device to record the fire extinguishing process. 4. Spray this fire extinguishing agent, observe and record the fire extinguishing time and effect.

[0059] b. Medium temperature fire extinguishing test: 1. Place the lithium battery sample in a medium temperature environment to simulate a fire. 2. Repeat steps 2 to 4 of the room temperature fire extinguishing test.

[0060] c. High temperature fire extinguishing test: 1. Place the lithium battery sample in a high temperature environment to simulate a fire. 2. Repeat steps 2 to 4 of the room temperature fire extinguishing test.

[0061] Data recording and analysis:

[0062] a. Record the initial temperature, fire extinguishing time, fire extinguishing effect (whether it reignites) and other data of lithium battery fire under each temperature condition. b. Analyze the difference in the effect of fire extinguishing agents at different temperatures and evaluate their applicability and effectiveness.

[0063] Experimental results analysis:

[0064] Ambient temperature Fire extinguishing time (seconds) Resurgence Room temperature (25℃) 30 no Medium temperature (50℃) 45 no High temperature (100℃) 60 no

[0065] The data show that even under different temperature conditions, this fire extinguishing agent can still effectively extinguish lithium battery fires without re-ignition.

[0066] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0067] The present invention and its implementation methods are described above, which is not restrictive. The drawings are only one of the implementation methods of the present invention, and the actual application is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it and design methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95.5-65 parts of deionized water; 0.08-0.25 parts of thickener; 0.04-0.06 parts of surfactant; 2-4 parts of flame retardant; 5-20 parts of antifreeze agent; 0.2-0.25 parts of stabilizer; and 0.25-0.4 parts of penetrant.

2. A lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing agent is prepared by the following steps: S1. After weighing the materials, use a hoist to transport them to a mixer for mixing, so that the raw materials are fully mixed to obtain the first mixed material; S2, the fully mixed first mixed material is sent to the dryer for drying, the stirring speed is maintained at 300-500 rpm, the stirring time is 15-20 minutes, and the next step is performed after drying until the moisture content is less than 0.18%; S3, transfer the dried material to the main mixer and continue stirring at a speed of 500-700 rpm for 30-45 minutes until all ingredients are evenly distributed to form a stable fire extinguishing agent mixture; S4. Send the mixed liquid to a filter with a filtration accuracy of not less than 50 meshes to remove existing impurities and incompletely dissolved substances to ensure the quality and stability of the fire extinguishing agent; S5. Send the filtered fire extinguishing agent mixture into a vacuum emulsifier for emulsification treatment. The emulsification temperature is controlled at 40-50° C. and the emulsification time is 20-30 minutes to improve the stability and storage life of the fire extinguishing agent. S6. After the emulsification treatment is completed, the fire extinguishing agent mixture is sent to the cooling system at a cooling rate not exceeding 5°C / minute to reduce its temperature to room temperature 20-25°C for easy filling; S7. Fill the cooled fire extinguishing agent mixture into the fire extinguisher, hanging fire extinguishing device, and automatic sprinkler device. Keep the filling temperature at 20-25°C and the filling pressure at 0.5-1.0MPa, and seal it. S8. Carry out quality inspection on the filled fire-fighting equipment, then package it for storage and transportation.

3. A fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickener is hydroxymethyl cellulose, which acts as an adsorbent and a fixative at the same time.

4. A fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surfactant is an alkyl polysaccharide containing 50% of effective ingredients.

5. A fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flame retardant is ammonium phosphate.

6. A fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries according to claim 5, characterized in that: The antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol.

7. A fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stabilizer is diethylene glycol monobutyl ether.

8. A fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that: The penetrant is urea, which plays both solubilizing and dispersing roles.

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