A reactor for efficiently preparing aldehydes by HF reaction

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reactor for efficiently preparing aldehydes by HF reaction, belonging to the field of reactors, comprising: a reactor body and a nozzle. A distributor is arranged on the reactor body, and the inlet end of the distributor extends to the outside of the reactor body; the nozzle is arranged on the distributor. The end of the nozzle is provided with a first nozzle orifice and a second nozzle orifice. A partition plate is arranged between the first nozzle orifice and the second nozzle orifice. A through groove is arranged on the partition plate, and a rotatable sealing plate is arranged on the partition plate. A movable abutting plate is arranged on one side of the sealing plate. By providing the first nozzle orifice and the second nozzle orifice, when the first nozzle orifice is blocked, the floating plate moves upward under the increased pressure, so that the abutting plate moves upward, thereby unlocking the restriction on the sealing plate. The sealing plate rotates downward under the action of the torsion spring and the pressure, causing the liquid to enter the second cavity through the through groove and then spray out from the second nozzle orifice, thus ensuring the normal use of the nozzle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of reactors, and particularly to a reactor for efficiently preparing aldehydes by HF reaction. Background Art

[0002] In the production process of alkylbenzene, HF is often used as a catalyst for alkylation reaction. Its reactants are benzene and olefins, and the reaction product is alkylbenzene. In the traditional process, the reactants and the catalyst are mixed by a static mixer outside the reactor, and after the mixed reaction, they enter a heat exchanger for cooling, and then enter the reactor for full reaction.

[0003] In order to improve the conversion rate, multiple nozzles are installed on the feed distributor of the reactor for spray atomization, so as to increase the contact area. However, after long-term use of the nozzles, some substances in the liquid in the nozzles are prone to scale under high-temperature reaction, resulting in nozzle blockage, which causes the working performance of the nozzles to decline or even fail. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a nozzle. By providing a first spray orifice and a second spray orifice, when the first spray orifice is blocked, the second spray orifice can spray out, so as to ensure the normal use of the nozzle. To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A reactor for efficiently preparing aldehydes by HF reaction, comprising: a reactor body and a nozzle. A distributor is provided on the reactor body, and the inlet end of the distributor extends to the outside of the reactor body; the nozzle is provided on the distributor. A first spray orifice and a second spray orifice are provided at the end of the nozzle. A partition plate is provided between the first spray orifice and the second spray orifice. A through groove is provided on the partition plate. A rotatable sealing plate is provided on the partition plate, and a movable abutting plate is provided on one side of the sealing plate.

[0007] Preferably, the lower end of the sealing plate is rotatably connected to the partition plate to separate the first spray orifice and the second spray orifice.

[0008] Preferably, the abutting plate contacts the side surface of the sealing plate, and the abutting plate is located above the sealing plate.

[0009] Preferably, a conveying cavity is provided in the nozzle. The sealing plate divides the conveying cavity in the upper part of the nozzle into a first cavity and a second cavity. The first spray orifice and the second spray orifice respectively correspond to the first cavity and the second cavity. The sealing plate and the abutting plate are located in the second cavity.

[0010] Preferably, a floating plate is provided on the lower side of the sealing plate, and the floating plate is adapted to the second cavity.

[0011] Preferably, a support plate is arranged in the second cavity. A slide bar penetrates through the support plate. The lower end of the slide bar is fixed to a floating plate. A spring is sleeved on the slide bar. Two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the support plate and the floating plate.

[0012] Preferably, a round plate with a diameter larger than that of the slide bar is arranged at the top end of the slide bar. The round plate is fixedly connected to a contact plate.

[0013] Preferably, the distance from the partition plate to the slide bar is greater than the longitudinal length of the sealing plate.

[0014] Preferably, the partition plate and the rotating shaft of the sealing plate are connected by a torsion spring.

[0015] Preferably, a filler is arranged above the nozzle to enhance the distribution effect of the reaction materials and reduce the phenomenon of uneven reaction distribution.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Combined with the reaction principle of the reactor, the present invention designs the reactor feed distributor as a multi-nozzle feed, installs a structured packing above the feed distributor to increase the gas-liquid contact time. Through the cooperation of multiple nozzles and structured packing, the heat transfer uniformity is improved, the distribution effect of the reaction materials is enhanced, the phenomenon of uneven reaction distribution is reduced, thereby increasing the residence time of the reactor materials and improving the conversion rate of the reactor.

[0018] By providing the first nozzle and the second nozzle, when the first nozzle is blocked, the floating plate moves upward under the increased pressure, causing the contact plate to move upward, thereby unlocking the restriction on the sealing plate. The sealing plate rotates downward under the action of the torsion spring and pressure, causing the liquid to enter the second cavity from the through groove and then spray out from the second nozzle, thus ensuring the normal use of the nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the distributor and the nozzle of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partition plate and the through groove of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the sealing plate and the abutting plate of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the torsion spring of the present invention.

[0025] Description of figure numbers: 1. Reactor body; 2. Distributor; 3. Nozzle; 4. Packing; 5. Nozzle 1; 6. Nozzle 2; 7. Partition plate; 8. Delivery chamber; 9. Chamber 1; 10. Chamber 2; 11. Through groove; 12. Sealing plate; 13. Abutting plate; 14. Floating plate; 15. Support plate; 16. Slide bar; 17. Spring; 18. Circular plate; 19. Torsion spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious deformations. The basic principles defined in the following description can be used in other implementation manners, deformation schemes, improvement schemes, equivalent schemes, and other technical schemes that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that in the disclosure of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or position based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of simplifying the description of the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] It can be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more". That is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, and in other embodiments, the number of the element can be multiple. The term "one" should not be construed as limiting the quantity.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 - 5, A reactor for efficiently preparing aldehydes by HF reaction, comprising: a reactor body 1 and a nozzle 3. A distributor 2 is provided on the reactor body 1, and the inlet end of the distributor 2 extends to the outside of the reactor body 1. A packing 4 is provided on the upper side of the nozzle 3, and the packing 4 is connected to the reactor body 1. Three distributors 2 are arranged on the reactor body 1 from top to bottom, and there is packing 4 on the upper side of the two lower distributors 2. The design of the distributor 2 and the packing 4 improves the heat transfer uniformity and the conversion efficiency of the reaction. Multiple nozzles 3 are used for feeding to ensure the spraying and atomization effects of the feed. The packing 4 is a structured packing 4, which increases the residence time of the reactor materials and improves the conversion rate of the reaction aldehydes. The structured packing 4 also enhances the distribution effect of the reaction materials and avoids the phenomenon of uneven reaction distribution. The structured packing 4 also enhances the heat transfer effect of the reactants and avoids local high temperature. Through the nozzle 3 and the structured packing 4, the gas-liquid contact time is increased.

[0031] The nozzle 3 is arranged on the distributor 2, and the nozzles 3 on the distributor 2 are evenly distributed. The end of the nozzle 3 is provided with a spray opening one 5 and a spray opening two 6. A partition plate 7 is arranged between the spray opening one 5 and the spray opening two 6. A conveying cavity 8 is arranged in the nozzle 3. A sealing plate 12 divides the conveying cavity 8 in the upper part of the nozzle 3 into a cavity one 9 and a cavity two 10. The spray opening one 5 and the spray opening two 6 respectively correspond to the cavity one 9 and the cavity two 10. A through groove 11 is arranged on the partition plate 7. A rotatable sealing plate 12 is arranged on the partition plate 7. The lower end of the sealing plate 12 is rotatably connected to the partition plate 7. A movable abutting plate 13 is arranged on one side of the sealing plate 12. The sealing plate 12 and the abutting plate 13 are located in the cavity two 10. The abutting plate 13 is in contact with the side surface of the sealing plate 12. The abutting plate 13 is located above the sealing plate 12. A floating plate 14 is arranged on the lower side of the sealing plate 12. The floating plate 14 is adapted to the cavity two 10. Liquid enters the conveying cavity 8, then flows to the cavity one 9, and finally sprays out from the spray opening one 5. In the case where the spray opening one 5 is blocked, the floating plate 14 moves upward under the increased pressure, so that the abutting plate 13 unlocks the restriction on the sealing plate 12, and thus the liquid enters the cavity two 10 from the through groove 11 and then sprays out from the spray opening two 6, thereby ensuring the normal use of the nozzle 3.

[0032] A support plate 15 is arranged in the cavity two 10. A sliding rod 16 penetrates through the support plate 15. The lower end of the sliding rod 16 is fixed to the floating plate 14. A spring 17 is sleeved on the sliding rod 16. The two ends of the spring 17 are respectively connected to the support plate 15 and the floating plate 14. A circular plate 18 with a diameter larger than that of the sliding rod 16 is arranged at the top end of the sliding rod 16. The circular plate 18 is fixed to the abutting plate 13. The distance from the partition plate 7 to the sliding rod 16 is greater than the longitudinal length of the sealing plate 12, so that the sealing plate 12 can rotate downward smoothly, and thus the through groove 11 is opened to the maximum extent. The partition plate 7 and the rotating shaft of the sealing plate 12 are connected by a torsion spring 19. The torsion spring 19 enables the sealing plate 12 to maintain the rotated state, and thus maintains the through groove 11 being opened to the maximum extent.

[0033] When the nozzle one 5 is blocked, the floating plate 14 moves upward under the increasing pressure, the sliding rod 16 moves along, the spring 17 is compressed, the sliding rod 16 drives the circular plate 18 to move upward, the circular plate 18 drives the abutting plate 13 to move upward. When the abutting plate 13 separates from the sealing plate 12, the sealing plate 12 rotates downward under the action of the pressure and the torsion spring 19. At this time, the through groove 11 opens, the liquid enters the cavity two 10, and then sprays out from the nozzle two 6, thus ensuring the normal use of the nozzle 3.

[0034] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention. The object of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments. Without departing from the said principles, the embodiments of the present invention can have any deformation or modification.

Claims

1. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction, characterized in that: include: A reactor body (1) on which a distributor (2) is arranged, wherein the inlet end of the distributor (2) extends to the outside of the reactor body (1); A nozzle (3) is arranged on the distributor (2), the end of the nozzle (3) is provided with a nozzle port 1 (5) and a nozzle port 2 (6), a partition plate (7) is arranged between the nozzle port 1 (5) and the nozzle port 2 (6), the partition plate (7) is provided with a through groove (11), a rotatable sealing plate (12) is arranged on the partition plate (7), a movable abutting plate (13) is arranged on one side of the sealing plate (12), and the sealing plate (12) seals the conveying chamber (8) at the upper part of the nozzle (3) ) is divided into cavity one (9) and cavity two (10), wherein a support plate (15) is arranged in cavity two (10), a slide rod (16) passes through the support plate (15), a circular plate (18) having a diameter larger than that of the slide rod (16) is arranged at the top end of the slide rod (16), the circular plate (18) is fixedly connected to the abutment plate (13), the partition plate (7) is connected to the rotating shaft of the sealing plate (12) by a torsion spring (19), and a filler (4) is arranged on the upper side of the nozzle (3).

2. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the sealing plate (12) is rotatably connected to the partition plate (7).

3. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abutment plate (13) contacts the side surface of the sealing plate (12), and the abutment plate (13) is located on the upper part of the sealing plate (12).

4. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conveying cavity (8) is provided in the nozzle (3); the nozzle opening 1 (5) and the nozzle opening 2 (6) correspond to the cavity 1 (9) and the cavity 2 (10) respectively; and the sealing plate (12) and the abutting plate (13) are located in the cavity 2 (10).

5. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A floating plate (14) is provided on the lower side of the sealing plate (12), and the floating plate (14) is adapted to the second cavity (10).

6. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the slide bar (16) is fixed to the floating plate (14), a spring (17) is sleeved on the slide bar (16), and two ends of the spring (17) are respectively connected to the support plate (15) and the floating plate (14).

7. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the partition plate (7) and the slide bar (16) is greater than the longitudinal length of the sealing plate (12).

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