A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine and method

Abstract

This application belongs to the technical field of railway engineering machinery and equipment manufacturing, and provides a narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine and method. The integrated machine includes a static-end clamping mechanism, a moving-end clamping mechanism, a pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism, a normalizing component, a central-axis upsetting structure, and a tong balance oil cylinder. The static-end clamping mechanism and the moving-end clamping mechanism are distributed at both ends of the integrated machine. The static-end clamping mechanism and the moving-end clamping mechanism are connected through the central-axis upsetting structure. A pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism and a tong balance oil cylinder for providing an outward supporting force to the tongs are installed between the static-end clamping mechanism and the moving-end clamping mechanism. A normalizing component combining rotary die closing and flipping die closing is installed on the pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism. The tong balance oil cylinder of this application improves the stability of the welding machine and the straightness of the rail after welding. The burr-removing tool holder is guided by the central axis, increasing the rigidity of the burr-removing mechanism. The normalizing component adopts a combination of rotary die closing and flipping die closing, which can meet the operation in the narrow space of the turnout.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of railway engineering machinery manufacturing, and provides a narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine and method. Background Technique

[0002] A turnout, also known as a "crossing", is an indispensable part of the railway system. It is responsible for connecting different tracks and realizing the functions of train steering, shunting and merging, so as to ensure the efficient dispatching and flexible operation of railway transportation. However, due to its complex structure and narrow working space, the turnout is also regarded as one of the weak links on the seamless line, and together with curves and joints, it constitutes the three major vulnerable points of the track. Therefore, improving the welding quality of turnouts has become a key research direction to ensure the safety and reliability of railways.

[0003] Currently, due to the complex structure of turnouts and limited working space, conventional flash welding machines are difficult to apply to such environments, resulting in the current turnout rail welding mainly relying on traditional thermite welding technology. Thermite welding generates high temperature through chemical reactions and injects molten metal into the joint gap to form a weld. Although thermite welding has advantages such as simple equipment and flexible operation, its welding quality is difficult to control, and it is easy to produce defects such as slag inclusions and pores. Moreover, the deformation after welding is large, resulting in low productivity and increasing the later maintenance cost and frequency.

[0004] With the rapid development of high-speed railways, the requirements for the safety and reliability of railways are getting higher and higher, and the welding quality of rails is also constantly improving. Currently, rail welding is mainly divided into three categories: flash butt welding, gas pressure welding, and thermite welding. Due to the advantages of reliable joint quality, stable welding process, and high degree of equipment automation in flash butt welding, it has been widely used. Although flash welding machines for turnouts are gradually emerging, most of the heat treatment equipment after turnout welding still adopts the method of flame normalizing or simple normalizing device. The normalizing quality of both is greatly affected by human factors and the quality is unstable. Therefore, a device that can be applied to the integrated welding and heat treatment normalizing of turnout joints is needed to realize the continuous operation of one machine for heat treatment normalizing after flash welding, which can improve the construction efficiency on site and reduce the waste of train operation, manpower and resources.

[0005] For the existing turnout welding machine patent CN116511673B, this structure does not have the clamp balance oil cylinder in this application and does not have a heat treatment device, so it cannot realize the heat treatment function after rail welding.

[0006] For the existing turnout welding machine patent CN213257640U, this structure does not have a tumor pushing oil cylinder and does not have a function of maintaining pressure and pushing the tumor. The width of the clamping mechanism is narrow, and there is insufficient clamping and guiding when welding long rails. Moreover, it does not have the clamp balance oil cylinder in this application and cannot meet the flatness requirements after long rail welding.

[0007] The existing turnout welding machine patent CN213379795U has an upsetting auxiliary oil cylinder arranged on the upper part of the clamp. This is to increase the upsetting force of the upsetting oil cylinder. However, it cannot overcome the deformation caused by the unbalanced force on the clamp during the upsetting process. The acting force of the upsetting oil cylinder is opposite to that of the clamp balance oil cylinder in this application. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine and method that can improve the stability of the welding machine and the straightness of the rail after welding.

[0009] To achieve the above technical effects, the technical content of the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine includes a static-end clamping mechanism, a moving-end clamping mechanism, a pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism, a normalizing component, a central-axis upsetting structure, and a clamp balance oil cylinder; the static-end clamping mechanism and the moving-end clamping mechanism are distributed at both ends of the integrated machine. The static-end clamping mechanism and the moving-end clamping mechanism are connected through the central-axis upsetting structure in a penetrating manner. A pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism and a clamp balance oil cylinder for providing an outward supporting force to the clamp are installed between the static-end clamping mechanism and the moving-end clamping mechanism. A normalizing component that combines rotary die closing and flipping die closing is installed on the pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism.

[0011] Further, the central-axis upsetting structure includes a central axis and an upsetting oil cylinder, and the central axis is threadedly connected to the upsetting oil cylinder.

[0012] Still further, the static-end clamping mechanism includes a clamping oil cylinder, a first static-end clamp, and a second static-end clamp. The clamping oil cylinder is connected to the first static-end clamp and the second static-end clamp. The opening and closing center of the static-end clamping mechanism is the axis of the central axis.

[0013] Even further, a first central-axis single ear seat and a first central-axis double ear seat are provided on the first static-end clamp, and a second central-axis double ear seat and a second central-axis single ear seat are provided on the second static-end clamp. Among them, the first central-axis single ear seat and the second central-axis double ear seat are a pair of central-axis ear seats, and the first central-axis double ear seat and the second central-axis single ear seat are a pair of central-axis ear seats. The central axis passes through the two pairs of central-axis ear seats and rotates around the center line of the central axis to realize the clamping and opening of the clamp. The clamping length of the static-end clamping mechanism is 567 mm.

[0014] Still further, the moving-end clamping mechanism includes a clamping oil cylinder, a first moving-end clamp, and a second moving-end clamp. The clamping oil cylinder is connected to the first moving-end clamp and the second moving-end clamp. The opening and closing center of the moving-end clamping mechanism is the axis of the central axis.

[0015] Further, a third central axis double ear seat is provided on the first clamping jaw of the moving end, and a third central axis single ear seat is provided on the second clamping jaw of the moving end. The third central axis double ear seat and the third central axis single ear seat are a pair of central axis ear seats and are penetrated by a central axis, and rotate around the central line of the central axis to realize the clamping and opening of the clamping jaws. The clamping length of the clamping mechanism at the moving end is 300 mm.

[0016] Further, there are two clamping balance cylinders, which are respectively installed on both sides of the upper part of the integrated machine. Each clamping balance cylinder on each side gives a supporting force between the clamping jaws of the static end clamping mechanism and the clamping jaws of the moving end clamping mechanism.

[0017] Further, a conductive shaft is provided below each clamping balance cylinder. The conductive shaft penetrates inside the clamping jaws of the static end clamping mechanism and the moving end clamping mechanism. One end of the conductive shaft passes through the moving end clamping mechanism and is connected to a DC transformer outside the moving end clamping mechanism.

[0018] Further, the pressure maintaining and tumor pushing mechanism includes a tumor pushing tool holder, a tumor pushing extension rod, and a tumor pushing oil cylinder. The central axis of the central axis upsetting structure passes through the tumor pushing tool holder. The tumor pushing tool holder is guided by the central axis. Waist-shaped holes are provided on both sides of the tumor pushing tool holder. The tumor pushing extension rod passes through the waist-shaped holes of the tool holder and is connected by screws. The tumor pushing oil cylinder is threadedly connected to the tumor pushing extension rod. The tumor pushing oil cylinder and the tumor pushing extension rod are installed on the static end clamping mechanism.

[0019] Further, the normalizing component is installed on the tumor pushing tool holder of the pressure maintaining and tumor pushing mechanism. The normalizing component includes a normalizing transformer installed on the upper part of the tumor pushing tool holder. The two poles of the normalizing transformer are respectively connected to the first normalizing coil and the second normalizing coil through the first normalizing busbar and the second normalizing busbar. The first normalizing coil is fixed on the first coil mold base; the second normalizing coil is fixed on the second coil mold base; and the bottom of the first normalizing coil is shorter than the bottom of the second normalizing coil; the first coil mold base is connected to the tumor pushing tool holder through the first coil mold base rotating pin shaft, and the first mold closing oil cylinder is connected to the first coil mold base through a pin shaft, so as to realize the up and down flipping of the first coil mold base; the second coil mold base is installed on the tumor pushing tool holder through two upper and lower bearing seats, and the second mold closing oil cylinder drives the horizontal rotation of the second coil mold base through the gear and rack group on the upper part of the second coil mold base, so as to realize the mold closing of the second normalizing coil.

[0020] Still further, a first air spraying box is installed between the first coil mold base and the first normalizing coil, and a second air spraying box is installed between the second coil mold base and the second normalizing coil. The centers of the air spraying boxes coincide with the corresponding coil centers. The first air spraying box and the second air spraying box are both connected to a compressed air source.

[0021] A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing method includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Before welding, rust and scale on the web of the AT variable cross-section rail and the common rail are removed. The burr cutter is hung on the common rail, and then initial alignment is carried out.

[0023] Step 2: The narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine is placed directly above the AT variable cross-section rail and the common rail. The rail top reference block contacts the rail top. At the same time, the static clamping mechanism and the dynamic clamping mechanism are clamped, and the working edges of the butt-welded rails are adjusted to be aligned to complete precise positioning.

[0024] Step 3: The movable upsetting oil cylinder is activated. The upsetting oil cylinder adjusts the distance between the static clamping mechanism and the dynamic clamping mechanism through the central shaft to complete the distance adjustment between the AT variable cross-section rail and the common rail.

[0025] Step 4: The welding system is started, the welding power supply is connected, the DC transformer is energized, and the flash melting process begins. After 90 s to 180 s, the piston rod of the upsetting oil cylinder retracts, and the force is transmitted to the dynamic clamping mechanism through the central shaft. The static clamping mechanism and the dynamic clamping mechanism are pulled closer within 0.5 s to 1 s to complete the upsetting process. During the upsetting process, the lower part of the clamp of the static clamping mechanism and the dynamic clamping mechanism is subjected to an outward force F1, the middle part of the clamp of the static clamping mechanism and the dynamic clamping mechanism is subjected to an inward pulling force F2 from the upsetting oil cylinder, and the clamp balance oil cylinder provides an outward supporting force F3 at the upper part of the clamp of the static clamping mechanism and the dynamic clamping mechanism, so that the forces on the clamps of the static clamping mechanism and the dynamic clamping mechanism are balanced, ensuring the straightness of the rail after welding.

[0026] Step 5: After the upsetting process ends, the burr-removing oil cylinder acts. The burr-removing oil cylinder applies force to the burr-removing tool holder through the burr-removing extension rod, and the burr-removing tool is pushed by the burr-removing tool holder to complete weld burr removal. The burr-removing oil cylinder retracts the tool holder to complete the entire pressure-holding burr-removing process.

[0027] Step 6: The static clamping mechanism and the dynamic clamping mechanism are opened, the equipment is lifted off the rail, and the residual welding slag and burrs on the rail are processed.

[0028] Step 7: The narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine is hoisted and positioned again on the welded rail. After the static clamping mechanism and the dynamic clamping mechanism are clamped again, the coil on the normalizing component is closed. The first normalizing coil rotates clockwise downward around the pin shaft of the first coil seat with the first coil seat. The second normalizing coil rotates counterclockwise 90° around the plumb line under the drive of the gear rack group with the second coil seat. The upper and lower surfaces of the first normalizing coil and the second normalizing coil are in contact to form a closed circuit. At this time, the normalizing power supply of the coil is disconnected, and the air blowing is started. The first air blowing box and the second air blowing box spray compressed air to cool the completed welding seam to below 500 °C.

[0029] Step 8: After the weld temperature drops below 500°C, move the tumor pushing oil cylinder, adjust the position of the coil, align the center of the coil with the center of the weld, and turn on the normalizing power supply. The normalizing transformer transmits the intermediate frequency current to the normalizing coil through the normalizing busbar, thus forming an induction loop. At this time, the coil starts to heat-treat the weld.

[0030] Step 9: After the temperature of the rail top rises to 900°C, the intermediate frequency current is automatically cut off and stopped. Immediately turn on the air spraying, and cool the surface temperature of the rail to below 500°C again through compressed air to complete the heat treatment process.

[0031] The advantages of this application are as follows:

[0032] 1. This application adds a clamping balance oil cylinder, improving the stability of the welder and the straightness of the rail after welding.

[0033] 2. The tumor pushing tool holder of this application is guided by a central axis. The tumor pushing extension rod only transmits the tumor pushing force without guiding, abandoning the conventional tool holder guiding shaft guiding, increasing the rigidity of the tumor pushing mechanism, reducing the overall deformation of the tool holder during the tumor pushing process, and preventing the situation of the tumor pushing tool damaging the base material after tumor pushing.

[0034] 3. This application adds a normalizing component on the basis of a narrow clamping seat welder, enabling welding and normalizing integration and improving construction efficiency. The normalizing component of this application adopts an innovative clamping mode that combines both rotary clamping and flipping clamping, which can meet the operation in the narrow space of the turnout. Among them, rotary clamping refers to the horizontal rotation action of the second normalizing coil, and flipping clamping refers to the up and down flipping action of the first normalizing coil.

[0035] 4. This application designs the moving end clamp into a pair of central axis ear seat structures, reducing the clamping width of the clamp to meet the clamping length of 450 mm for the AT variable cross-section rail of the turnout.

[0036] 5. This application adds a heat treatment device, which can realize the heat treatment function after rail welding. This application includes a tumor pushing oil cylinder, which has the function of maintaining pressure for tumor pushing and can also meet the welding requirements of long rails and most turnouts.

[0037] 6. This application adopts the DC welding principle, and the flash butt welding clamping mechanism is made of high-strength carbon steel, ensuring the strength requirements of the equipment while reducing the equipment size. Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the static end clamping mechanism.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the clamp of the static end clamping mechanism.

[0041] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the moving-end clamping mechanism.

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the clamp of the moving-end clamping mechanism.

[0043] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the pressure-holding and tumor-pushing mechanism.

[0044] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the clamped state of the static-end clamping mechanism or the moving-end clamping mechanism.

[0045] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the released state of the static-end clamping mechanism or the moving-end clamping mechanism.

[0046] Figures 9 - 10 Schematic diagram of the normalizing component.

[0047] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the closure of the first normalizing coil and the second normalizing coil.

[0048] Figure 12 For Figure 11 top view.

[0049] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the opening of the first normalizing coil and the second normalizing coil.

[0050] Figure 14 For Figure 13 top view.

[0051] Figure 15 Force diagram of the clamp during upsetting.

[0052] In the attached drawings:

[0053] 1 - Static end clamping mechanism, 2 - Moving end clamping mechanism, 3 - Central axis upsetting structure, 4 - Pressure maintaining and tumor pushing mechanism, 5 - Clamp balance oil cylinder, 6 - Normalizing component, 7 - Conductive shaft, 8 - DC transformer, 10 - AT variable cross-section steel rail, 101 - Clamping oil cylinder, 102 - First static end clamp, 103 - Second static end clamp, 1021 - First central axis single ear seat, 1022 - First central axis double ear seat, 1031 - Second central axis double ear seat, 1032 - Second central axis single ear seat, 201 - First moving end clamp, 202 - Second moving end clamp, 203 - Clamping oil cylinder, 2011 - Third central axis double ear seat, 2021 - Third central axis single ear seat, 301 - Central axis, 302 - Upsetting oil cylinder, 401 - Tumor pushing tool holder, 402 - Tumor pushing extension rod, 403 - Tumor pushing oil cylinder, 4011 - Waist-shaped hole of the tool holder, 601 - Normalizing transformer, 602 - First normalizing busbar, 603 - Second normalizing busbar, 605 - First coil mold base, 606 - First normalizing coil, 607 - Second coil mold base, 608 - Second normalizing coil, 609 - First mold closing oil cylinder, 610 - Second mold closing oil cylinder, 611 - Rotating pin shaft of the first coil mold base, 612 - Gear rack group, 613 - First air spraying box, 614 - Second air spraying box. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0055] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application claimed, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0056] It should be noted that: Similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0057] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to the present application. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0058] In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] Embodiment 1

[0060] As Figure 1 shown, a narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine includes a static-end clamping mechanism 1, a moving-end clamping mechanism 2, a pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism 4, a normalizing assembly 6, a central-axis upsetting structure 3, and a clamp balance oil cylinder 5; the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 are distributed at both ends of the integrated machine, the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 are connected through the central-axis upsetting structure 3 in a penetrating manner, a pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism 4 and a clamp balance oil cylinder 5 for providing an outward supporting force to the clamp are installed between the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2, and a normalizing assembly 6 combining rotary die closing and flipping die closing is installed on the pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism 4.

[0061] The present application adds a clamp balance oil cylinder 5 to improve the stability of the welding machine and the straightness of the rail after welding. The burr-removing tool holder 401 of the present application is guided by the central axis 301, and the burr-removing extension rod 402 only transmits the burr-removing force without guiding, abandoning the conventional guiding of the tool holder by the guiding shaft, increasing the rigidity of the burr-removing mechanism, reducing the overall deformation of the tool holder during the burr-removing process, and preventing the situation that the burr-removing tool damages the base material after burr-removing. The present application adds a normalizing assembly 6 on the basis of a narrow clamping seat welding machine, which can realize the integration of welding and normalizing and improve the construction efficiency.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine includes a static-end clamping mechanism 1, a moving-end clamping mechanism 2, a pressure-holding and burr-pushing mechanism 4, a normalizing component 6, a central-axis upsetting structure 3, and a clamp balance oil cylinder 5. The static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 are distributed at both ends of the integrated machine. The static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 are connected through the central-axis upsetting structure 3 in a penetrating manner. A pressure-holding and burr-pushing mechanism 4 and a clamp balance oil cylinder 5 for providing an outward supporting force to the clamp are installed between the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2. A normalizing component 6 that combines rotary die closing and flipping die closing is installed on the pressure-holding and burr-pushing mechanism 4.

[0064] As Figure 2 shown, the central-axis upsetting structure 3 includes a central axis 301 and an upsetting oil cylinder 302, and the central axis 301 is threadedly connected to the upsetting oil cylinder 302.

[0065] The static-end clamping mechanism 1 includes a clamping oil cylinder 101, a static-end first clamp 102, and a static-end second clamp 103. The clamping oil cylinder 101 is connected to the static-end first clamp 102 and the static-end second clamp 103. The opening and closing center of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 is the axis of the central axis 301, and the opening and closing of the static-end first clamp 102 and the static-end second clamp 103 are realized through the clamping oil cylinder 101.

[0066] As Figure 3 shown, a first central-axis single ear seat 1021 and a first central-axis double ear seat 1022 are provided on the static-end first clamp 102, and a second central-axis double ear seat 1031 and a second central-axis single ear seat 1032 are provided on the static-end second clamp 103. Among them, the first central-axis single ear seat 1021 and the second central-axis double ear seat 1031 are a pair of central-axis 301 ear seats, and the first central-axis double ear seat 1022 and the second central-axis single ear seat 1032 are a pair of central-axis 301 ear seats. The central axis 301 penetrates through the two pairs of central-axis 301 ear seats and rotates around the center line of the central axis 301 to realize the clamping and opening of the clamp. The clamping length of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 is 567 mm. Here, the clamping length refers to the length of contact with the ordinary rail 11 when the static-end clamping mechanism 1 is in the clamping state, as Figure 6 marked by the length in the lower right corner.

[0067] As Figure 4 shown, the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 includes a clamping oil cylinder 101, a moving-end first clamp 201, and a moving-end second clamp 202. The clamping oil cylinder 101 is connected to the moving-end first clamp 201 and the moving-end second clamp 202. The opening and closing center of the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 is the axis of the central axis 301, and the opening and closing of the moving-end first clamp 201 and the moving-end second clamp 202 are realized through the clamping oil cylinder 101. The opening and closing actions of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 are carried out synchronously.

[0068] AsFigure 5 As shown, a third central axis double ear seat 2011 is provided on the first moving clamp 201, and a third central axis single ear seat 2021 is provided on the second moving clamp 202. The third central axis double ear seat 2011 and the third central axis single ear seat 2021 are a pair of central axis 301 ear seats and are penetrated by the central axis 301, and rotate around the center line of the central axis 301 to realize the clamping and opening of the clamp. The clamping length of the moving end clamping mechanism 2 is 300 mm. When welding the turnout, the AT variable cross-section rail 10 only has a clamping length of 450 mm, so it can be clamped by the moving end clamping mechanism 2. Here, the clamping length refers to the length of contact with the ordinary rail 11 when the moving end clamping mechanism 2 is in the clamping state, such as Figure 6 the length marked in the lower left.

[0069] There are two clamp balance cylinders 5, which are respectively installed on both sides of the upper part of the integrated machine. Each clamp balance cylinder 5 on each side gives a clamping support force between the clamp of the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the clamp of the moving end clamping mechanism 2. During the upsetting process, the clamp balance cylinders 5 respectively give clamping support forces to the clamps of the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving end clamping mechanism 2, so that the forces on the clamps of the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving end clamping mechanism 2 are balanced.

[0070] A conductive shaft 7 is provided below each clamp balance cylinder 5. The conductive shaft 7 penetrates inside the clamps of the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving end clamping mechanism 2 to realize the synchronous opening and closing of the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving end clamping mechanism 2. One end of the conductive shaft 7 passes through the moving end clamping mechanism 2 and is connected to the DC transformer 8 outside the moving end clamping mechanism 2.

[0071] As Figures 6 - 8 shown, the pressure-holding and tumor-pushing mechanism 4 includes a tumor-pushing tool holder 401, a tumor-pushing extension rod 402, and a tumor-pushing oil cylinder 403. The central axis 301 of the central axis upsetting structure 3 passes through the tumor-pushing tool holder 401. The tumor-pushing tool holder 401 is guided by the central axis 301. Knife rest waist-shaped holes 4011 are provided on both sides of the tumor-pushing tool holder 401. The tumor-pushing extension rod 402 passes through the knife rest waist-shaped holes 4011 and is connected by screws. The tumor-pushing extension rod 402 can slide up and down in the knife rest waist-shaped holes 4011. The tumor-pushing oil cylinder 403 is connected to the tumor-pushing extension rod 402 by threads. The tumor-pushing oil cylinder 403 and the tumor-pushing extension rod 402 are installed on the static end clamping mechanism 1. A tumor-pushing oil cylinder 403 is installed on each of the static first clamp 102 and the static second clamp 103 of the static end first clamp 102, and each tumor-pushing oil cylinder 403 is connected to a tumor-pushing extension rod 402.

[0072] The tumor pushing tool rest 401 of the pressure maintaining tumor pushing mechanism 4 of this application uses the central axis 301 as the guide, abandoning the conventional guiding structure of the lengthened rod 402 of the tumor pushing oil cylinder 403. At the same time, the installation position of the tumor pushing oil cylinder 403 is higher than the top surface of the ordinary rail 11, and its purpose is to reduce the space at the lower part of the equipment, so that the equipment can operate in the narrow space of the turnout.

[0073] As Figures 9 - 10 shown, the normalizing component 6 is installed on the tumor pushing tool rest 401 of the pressure maintaining tumor pushing mechanism 4. The normalizing component 6 moves along with the tumor pushing tool rest 401. During normalizing, the position of the normalizing coil is adjusted by the tumor pushing oil cylinder 403 to align with the weld seam. The normalizing component 6 includes a normalizing transformer 601 installed on the upper part of the tumor pushing tool rest 401. The two poles of the normalizing transformer 601 are respectively connected to the first normalizing coil 606 and the second normalizing coil 608 through the first normalizing busbar 602 and the second normalizing busbar 603. The first normalizing coil 606 is fixed on the first coil mold base 605, and the two are completely insulated from each other; the second normalizing coil 608 is fixed on the second coil mold base 607, and the two are completely insulated from each other; and the bottom of the first normalizing coil 606 is shorter than the bottom of the second normalizing coil 608; the first coil mold base 605 is connected to the tumor pushing tool rest 401 through the first coil mold base rotating pin shaft 611. The first mold closing oil cylinder 609 is connected to the first coil mold base 605 through a pin shaft, so as to realize the up and down flipping of the first coil mold base 605; by the action of the first mold closing oil cylinder 609, the up and down flipping of the first coil mold base 605 is driven, so as to realize the mold closing of the first normalizing coil 606. The second coil mold base 607 is installed on the tumor pushing tool rest 401 through upper and lower bearing seats. The second mold closing oil cylinder 610 is fixed on 401 by screws. The second mold closing oil cylinder 610 drives the horizontal rotation of the second coil mold base 607 through the gear and rack group 612 on the upper part of the second coil mold base 607, so as to realize the mold closing of the second normalizing coil 608. Specifically, a rack is installed at the front end of the piston rod of the second mold closing oil cylinder 610, and a gear is installed on the second coil mold base 607. The gear meshes with the rack. The linear motion of the telescopic piston rod of the second mold closing oil cylinder 610 is converted into the horizontal rotational motion of the second coil mold base 607 through the gear and rack.

[0074] As Figures 11 - 14As shown, the normalizing component 6 of the present application abandons the opening and closing method of the coil of the conventional normalizing component 6. The coil of the conventional normalizing component 6 is opened by turning upwards on both sides, and the turning angles on both sides are the same. Since the bottom lengths of the coils on both sides are the same, a relatively large turning angle is required to vertically lift the normalizing component 6 off the rail. Therefore, the opening and closing method of this structure cannot meet the narrow space operation of the turnout. The coil opening and closing of the normalizing component 6 of the present application is composed of two methods combined. The opening and closing method of the first normalizing coil 606 is to turn upwards and open in the vertical direction, and the bottom of the first normalizing coil 606 is shorter. Only a small opening angle is required to achieve the opening, and the normalizing component 6 can be vertically lifted off the rail. The second normalizing coil 608 uses a horizontal rotation method to achieve opening and closing. Since the bottom of the first normalizing coil 606 is short, in order to form a normalizing circuit, the bottom of the second normalizing coil 608 must be lengthened. By horizontally rotating 90°, the bottom of the second normalizing coil 608 can be rotated to avoid the bottom of the rail, so that it can be ensured that the normalizing component 6 can be vertically lifted off the rail, and the coil will not collide with the rail. Moreover, both of these methods require a relatively small opening and closing space on both sides of the rail, which can meet the narrow operation space of the turnout. Figures 11 - 12 The two views of Figures 11 - 12 are the front view and top view in the coil closed state, Figures 13 - 14 The two views of Figures 13 - 14 are the front view and top view in the coil open state.

[0075] A first air blowing box 613 is installed between the first coil mold base 605 and the first normalizing coil 606, and a second air blowing box 614 is installed between the second coil mold base 607 and the second normalizing coil 608. The centers of the air blowing boxes coincide with the corresponding coil centers. Both the first air blowing box 613 and the second air blowing box 614 are connected to a compressed air source. After the normalizing heating stage ends, the air blowing can be immediately started, and the surface temperature of the rail can be quickly reduced by compressed air to ensure the quality of normalizing.

[0076] The present application adds a clamp balance oil cylinder 5 to improve the stability of the welding machine and the straightness of the rail after welding. The tumor pushing tool holder 401 is guided by the central shaft 301, and the tumor pushing extension rod 402 only transmits the tumor pushing force and is not guided. The conventional tool holder guide shaft guide is abandoned, the rigidity of the tumor pushing mechanism is increased, the overall deformation of the tool holder during the tumor pushing process is reduced, and the situation that the tumor pushing tool damages the base material after tumor pushing is prevented.

[0077] The present application adds a normalizing component 6 on the basis of the narrow clamping seat welding machine, which can realize the integration of welding and normalizing and improve the construction efficiency. The normalizing component 6 of the present application adopts an innovative mold closing method that combines rotary mold closing and flipping mold closing at the same time, which can meet the operation in the narrow space of the turnout. The rotary mold closing refers to the horizontal rotation action of the second normalizing coil 608, and the flipping mold closing refers to the up and down flipping action of the first normalizing coil 606.

[0078] In this application, the moving clamp is designed as a pair of center shaft 301 ear seat structures, reducing the clamping width of the clamp to meet the clamping length of 450 mm for the turnout AT variable cross-section rail. This application adds a heat treatment device to achieve the heat treatment function after rail welding. This application includes a tumor pushing oil cylinder 403, which has the function of pressure maintaining and tumor pushing, and can also meet the welding requirements of long rails and most turnouts. This application adopts the DC welding principle, and the flash butt welding clamping mechanism is made of high-strength carbon steel, ensuring the strength requirements of the equipment while reducing the equipment size.

[0079] Embodiment 3

[0080] A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing method includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 1: Before welding, rust and scale are removed from the web of the AT variable cross-section rail 10 and the common rail, the tumor pushing knife is hung on the common rail, and then initial alignment is carried out; ensure that the equipment clamping mechanism can fall after it is opened; the tumor pushing knife here is a component of other equipment.

[0082] Step 2: The narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine is placed directly above the AT variable cross-section rail 10 and the common rail, and the rail top reference block contacts the rail top. At the same time, the static clamping mechanism 1 and the moving clamping mechanism 2 are clamped, and the working edges of the butt-welded rails are adjusted to be aligned to complete precise positioning; the rail top reference block belongs to the prior art and plays a positioning role. The alignment of the working edges means that when the train is running, the rail will only contact one side of the two sides of the rail top. This contact side is called the working edge. That is, the alignment of the working edges means that before the two rails are welded, the left and right positions of the two rails need to be adjusted. Due to the manufacturing error of the rails, when aligning, only one side of the two sides of the rail top can be used as the reference for alignment.

[0083] Step 3: The movable upsetting oil cylinder 302 adjusts the distance between the static clamping mechanism 1 and the moving clamping mechanism 2 through the center shaft 301 to complete the distance adjustment of the AT variable cross-section rail 10 and the common rail; the movable upsetting oil cylinder 302 means that the upsetting oil cylinder 302 retracts and extends back and forth.

[0084] Step 4: Start the welding system, connect the welding power supply, the DC transformer 8 is energized, and the flash melting process starts. After 90 s to 180 s, the piston rod of the upsetting oil cylinder 302 retracts, and the force is transmitted to the moving clamping mechanism 2 through the center shaft 301, and the static clamping mechanism 1 and the moving clamping mechanism 2 are pulled closer within 0.5 s to 1 s to complete the upsetting process; as Figure 15As shown in the figure, during upsetting, the lower part of the clamping jaws of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic-end clamping mechanism 2 is subject to an outward force F1. The upsetting process involves squeezing the AT variable cross-section rail and the ordinary rail towards each other. There is resistance during the rail squeezing, and this resistance will act on the clamping mechanism in the opposite direction, which is the force F1. The middle part of the clamping jaws of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic-end clamping mechanism 2 is subject to an inward pulling force F2 from the upsetting oil cylinder 302, resulting in unbalanced forces on the clamping jaws. The upper part of the clamping jaws moves inward and inclines, which will cause the weld of the rail after welding to be concave. By providing an outward supporting force F3 on the upper part of the clamping jaws of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic-end clamping mechanism 2 through the clamping jaw balance oil cylinder 5, the forces on the clamping jaws of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic-end clamping mechanism 2 are balanced, ensuring the straightness of the rail after welding;

[0085] Step 5: After the upsetting process ends, the burr-removing oil cylinder 403 operates. The burr-removing oil cylinder 403 applies force to the burr-removing tool holder 401 through the burr-removing extension rod 402. The burr-removing tool holder 401 pushes the burr-removing tool to complete burr removal from the weld. The burr-removing oil cylinder 403 retracts the tool holder to complete the entire pressure-holding burr-removing process;

[0086] Step 6: Open the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic-end clamping mechanism 2, lift the equipment off the rail, and deal with the residual welding slag and burrs on the rail; the welding slag and burrs have nothing to do with this equipment and are generated during the welding process.

[0087] Step 7: The narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine is hoisted and positioned again on the welded rail. After the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic-end clamping mechanism 2 clamp again, the coil on the normalizing assembly 6 closes the mold. The first normalizing coil 606 rotates clockwise downward around the pin shaft of the first coil mold base 605 with the first coil mold base 605. The second normalizing coil 608 rotates counterclockwise by 90° around the plumb line under the drive of the gear and rack group 612 with the second coil mold base 607. The upper and lower surfaces of the first normalizing coil 606 and the second normalizing coil 608 come into contact to form a closed circuit. At this time, the normalizing power supply of the coil is disconnected, and the air blowing is started. The first air blowing box 613 and the second air blowing box 614 spray compressed air to cool the completed welding seam to below 500°C;

[0088] Step 8: After the weld temperature drops below 500°C, move the burr-removing oil cylinder 403, adjust the position of the coil, align the center of the coil with the center of the weld, and connect the normalizing power supply. The normalizing transformer 601 transmits the intermediate frequency current to the normalizing coil through the normalizing busbar, thus forming an induction circuit. At this time, the coil starts to heat-treat the weld;

[0089] Step 9: After the rail top temperature rises to 900°C, the intermediate frequency current is automatically cut off and stopped. Immediately start the air blowing, and cool the surface temperature of the rail to below 500°C again through compressed air to complete the heat treatment process.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] As Figure 1 shown, a narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine includes a static-end clamping mechanism 1, a moving-end clamping mechanism 2, a pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism 4, a normalizing component 6, a central-axis upsetting structure 3, and a tong balance oil cylinder 5; the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 are distributed at both ends of the integrated machine, the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 are connected through the central-axis upsetting structure 3 in a penetrating manner, a pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism 4 and a tong balance oil cylinder 5 for providing an outward supporting force to the tongs are installed between the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2, and a normalizing component 6 combining rotary die closing and flipping die closing is installed on the pressure-holding and burr-removing mechanism 4.

[0092] As Figure 2 shown, the central-axis upsetting structure 3 includes a central axis 301 and an upsetting oil cylinder 302, and the central axis 301 and the upsetting oil cylinder 302 are connected by threads.

[0093] The static-end clamping mechanism 1 includes a clamping oil cylinder 101, a static-end first tong 102, and a static-end second tong 103. The clamping oil cylinder 101 is connected to the static-end first tong 102 and the static-end second tong 103. The opening and closing center of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 is the axis of the central axis 301, and the opening and closing of the static-end first tong 102 and the static-end second tong 103 are realized through the clamping oil cylinder 101.

[0094] As Figure 3 shown, a first central-axis single ear seat 1021 and a first central-axis double ear seat 1022 are arranged on the static-end first tong 102, a second central-axis double ear seat 1031 and a second central-axis single ear seat 1032 are arranged on the static-end second tong 103. Among them, the first central-axis single ear seat 1021 and the second central-axis double ear seat 1031 are a pair of central-axis 301 ear seats, the first central-axis double ear seat 1022 and the second central-axis single ear seat 1032 are a pair of central-axis 301 ear seats. The central axis 301 penetrates through the two pairs of central-axis 301 ear seats, and the clamping and opening of the tongs are realized by rotating around the center line of the central axis 301. The clamping length of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 is 567 mm. Here, the clamping length refers to the length of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 in the clamped state when it contacts the ordinary rail 11, as Figure 6 marked by the length in the lower right corner.

[0095] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 includes a clamping oil cylinder 101, a first moving-end clamp 201, and a second moving-end clamp 202. The clamping oil cylinder 101 is connected to the first moving-end clamp 201 and the second moving-end clamp 202. The opening and closing center of the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 is the axis of the central shaft 301. The first moving-end clamp 201 and the second moving-end clamp 202 are opened and closed by the clamping oil cylinder 101. The opening and closing actions of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 are synchronized.

[0096] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, a third central shaft double ear seat 2011 is provided on the first moving-end clamp 201, and a third central shaft single ear seat 2021 is provided on the second moving-end clamp 202. The third central shaft double ear seat 2011 and the third central shaft single ear seat 2021 are a pair of central shaft 301 ear seats and are penetrated by the central shaft 301, and rotate around the center line of the central shaft 301 to realize the clamping and opening of the clamp. The clamping length of the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 is 300 mm. When welding a turnout, the AT variable cross-section rail 10 has a clamping length of only 450 mm, so it can be clamped by the moving-end clamping mechanism 2. Here, the clamping length refers to the length of contact with the ordinary rail 11 when the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 is in the clamping state, as Figure 6 the length marked in the lower left.

[0097] There are two clamp balance oil cylinders 5, which are respectively installed on both sides of the upper part of the integrated machine. Each clamp balance oil cylinder 5 on each side gives a support force between the clamp of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the clamp of the moving-end clamping mechanism 2. During the upsetting process, the clamp balance oil cylinders 5 respectively give support forces to the clamps of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2, so that the forces on the clamps of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 are balanced.

[0098] A conductive shaft 7 is provided below each clamp balance oil cylinder 5. The conductive shaft 7 penetrates inside the clamps of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 to realize the synchronous opening and closing of the static-end clamping mechanism 1 and the moving-end clamping mechanism 2. One end of the conductive shaft 7 passes through the moving-end clamping mechanism 2 and is connected to a DC transformer 8 outside the moving-end clamping mechanism 2.

[0099] As Figures 6 - 8As shown in the figure, the pressure-holding tumor pushing mechanism 4 includes a tumor pushing tool holder 401, a tumor pushing extension rod 402, and a tumor pushing oil cylinder 403. The central shaft 301 of the central shaft upsetting structure 3 passes through the tumor pushing tool holder 401. The tumor pushing tool holder 401 is guided by the central shaft 301. Knife rest waist-shaped holes 4011 are provided on both sides of the tumor pushing tool holder 401. The tumor pushing extension rod 402 passes through the knife rest waist-shaped holes 4011 and is connected by screws. The tumor pushing extension rod 402 can slide up and down in the knife rest waist-shaped holes 4011. The tumor pushing oil cylinder 403 is connected to the tumor pushing extension rod 402 by a thread. The tumor pushing oil cylinder 403 and the tumor pushing extension rod 402 are installed on the static end clamping mechanism 1. One tumor pushing oil cylinder 403 is installed on each of the static end first clamp 102 and the static end second clamp 103 of the static end first clamp 102. Each tumor pushing oil cylinder 403 is connected to a tumor pushing extension rod 402.

[0100] The tumor pushing tool holder 401 of the pressure-holding tumor pushing mechanism 4 of the present application uses the central shaft 301 as a guide, abandoning the conventional guiding structure of the extension rod 402 of the tumor pushing oil cylinder 403. At the same time, the installation position of the tumor pushing oil cylinder 403 is higher than the top surface of the ordinary rail 11. The purpose is to reduce the space at the lower part of the equipment, and the equipment can operate in the narrow space of the turnout.

[0101] As Figures 9 - 10As shown, the normalizing component 6 is installed on the tumor pushing tool carrier 401 of the pressure maintaining tumor pushing mechanism 4. The normalizing component 6 moves along with the tumor pushing tool carrier 401. During normalizing, the position of the normalizing coil is adjusted by the tumor pushing oil cylinder 403 to align with the weld seam. The normalizing component 6 includes a normalizing transformer 601 installed on the upper part of the tumor pushing tool carrier 401. The two poles of the normalizing transformer 601 are respectively connected to the first normalizing coil 606 and the second normalizing coil 608 through the first normalizing busbar 602 and the second normalizing busbar 603. The first normalizing coil 606 is fixed on the first coil mold base 605, and the two are completely insulated from each other; the second normalizing coil 608 is fixed on the second coil mold base 607, and the two are completely insulated from each other; and the bottom of the first normalizing coil 606 is shorter than the bottom of the second normalizing coil 608. The first coil mold base 605 is connected to the tumor pushing tool carrier 401 through the first coil mold base rotating pin shaft 611. The first mold closing oil cylinder 609 is connected to the first coil mold base 605 through a pin shaft, so as to realize the up and down flipping of the first coil mold base 605. By the action of the first mold closing oil cylinder 609, the up and down flipping of the first coil mold base 605 is driven, so as to realize the mold closing of the first normalizing coil 606. The second coil mold base 607 is installed on the tumor pushing tool carrier 401 through upper and lower bearing seats. The second mold closing oil cylinder 610 is fixed on 401 by screws. The second mold closing oil cylinder 610 drives the horizontal rotation of the second coil mold base 607 through the gear rack group 612 on the upper part of the second coil mold base 607, so as to realize the mold closing of the second normalizing coil 608. Specifically, a rack is installed at the front end of the piston rod of the second mold closing oil cylinder 610, and a gear is installed on the second coil mold base 607. The gear meshes with the rack. The linear motion of the piston rod of the second mold closing oil cylinder 610 is converted into the horizontal rotational motion of the second coil mold base 607 through the gear rack.

[0102] As Figures 11 - 14As shown, the normalizing component 6 of this application abandons the opening and closing method of the coil of the conventional normalizing component 6. The coil of the conventional normalizing component 6 is opened by turning upwards on both sides, and the turning angles on both sides are the same. Since the lengths of the bottoms of the coils on both sides are the same, a relatively large turning angle is required to vertically lift the normalizing component 6 off the rail. Therefore, this opening and closing method of this structure cannot meet the narrow space operation of the turnout. The coil opening and closing of the normalizing component 6 of this application is composed of two methods combined. The opening and closing method of the first normalizing coil 606 is to turn upwards and open in the vertical direction, and the bottom of the first normalizing coil 606 is shorter, and only a small opening angle is required to achieve the opening, and the normalizing component 6 can be vertically lifted off the rail. The second normalizing coil 608 realizes opening and closing by horizontal rotation. Since the bottom of the first normalizing coil 606 is short, in order to form a normalizing circuit, the bottom of the second normalizing coil 608 must be lengthened. By horizontally rotating 90°, the bottom of the second normalizing coil 608 can be rotated to avoid the bottom of the rail, so that it can be ensured that the normalizing component 6 can be vertically lifted off the rail, and the coil will not collide with the rail, and both of these methods require a relatively small opening and closing space on both sides of the rail, which can meet the narrow operation space of the turnout. Figures 11 - 12 The two views of Figures 11 - 12 are the front view and the top view in the coil closed state. Figures 13 - 14 The two views of Figures 13 - 14 are the front view and the top view in the coil open state.

[0103] A first air spraying box 613 is installed between the first coil mold base 605 and the first normalizing coil 606, and a second air spraying box 614 is installed between the second coil mold base 607 and the second normalizing coil 608, and the centers of each air spraying box coincide with the corresponding coil centers. The first air spraying box 613 and the second air spraying box 614 are both connected to the compressed air source. After the normalizing heating stage ends, the air spraying can be immediately started, and the surface temperature of the rail can be quickly reduced by compressed air to ensure the quality of normalizing.

[0104] This application adds a clamp balance oil cylinder 5 to improve the stability of the welding machine and the straightness of the rail after welding. The burr pushing tool holder 401 is guided by the central shaft 301, and the burr pushing extension rod 402 only transmits the burr pushing force without guiding, abandoning the conventional tool holder guiding shaft guiding, increasing the rigidity of the burr pushing mechanism, reducing the overall deformation of the tool holder during the burr pushing process, and preventing the situation that the burr pushing tool damages the base material after burr pushing.

[0105] This application adds a normalizing component 6 on the basis of the narrow clamping seat welding machine, which can realize the integration of welding and normalizing and improve the construction efficiency. The normalizing component 6 of this application adopts an innovative mold closing method that combines rotary mold closing and flipping mold closing at the same time, which can meet the operation in the narrow space of the turnout. The rotary mold closing refers to the horizontal rotation action of the second normalizing coil 608, and the flipping mold closing refers to the up and down flipping action of the first normalizing coil 606.

[0106] In this application, the moving clamp is designed as a pair of center axis 301 ear seat structures, reducing the clamping width of the clamp to meet the clamping length of 450 mm for the turnout AT variable cross-section rail. This application adds a heat treatment device, which can realize the heat treatment function after rail welding. This application includes a tumor pushing oil cylinder 403, which has the function of maintaining pressure and pushing the tumor, and can also meet the welding requirements of long rails and most turnouts. This application adopts the DC welding principle, and the flash butt welding clamping mechanism is made of high-strength carbon steel, ensuring the strength requirements of the equipment while reducing the equipment size.

[0107] A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing method includes the following steps:

[0108] Step 1: Before welding, remove rust and scale from the web of the AT variable cross-section rail 10 and the ordinary rail, hang the tumor pushing tool on the ordinary rail, and then perform initial alignment; ensure that the equipment clamping mechanism can drop after opening; the tumor pushing tool here is a component of other equipment.

[0109] Step 2: Lower the narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine above the AT variable cross-section rail 10 and the ordinary rail, and make the rail top reference block contact the rail top. At the same time, the static clamping mechanism 1 and the moving clamping mechanism 2 are clamped, and the working edges of the butt-welded rails are adjusted to be aligned to complete precise positioning; the rail top reference block belongs to the prior art and plays a positioning role. The alignment of the working edges means that when the train is running, the rail will only contact one side of the two sides of the rail top. This contact side is called the working edge. That is, the alignment of the working edges means that before the two rails are welded, the left and right positions of the two rails need to be adjusted. Due to the manufacturing error of the rails, only one side of the two sides of the rail top can be used as the reference for alignment.

[0110] Step 3: The movable upsetting oil cylinder 302 adjusts the distance between the static clamping mechanism 1 and the moving clamping mechanism 2 through the center axis 301 to complete the distance adjustment of the AT variable cross-section rail 10 and the ordinary rail; the movable upsetting oil cylinder 302 means that the upsetting oil cylinder 302 retracts and extends back and forth.

[0111] Step 4: Start the welding system, turn on the welding power supply, the DC transformer 8 is energized, and the flash melting process starts. After 90 s to 180 s, the piston rod of the upsetting oil cylinder 302 retracts, and the force is transmitted to the moving clamping mechanism 2 through the center axis 301, and the static clamping mechanism 1 and the moving clamping mechanism 2 are pulled closer within 0.5 s to 1 s to complete the upsetting process; as Figure 15As shown in the figure, during upsetting, the lower part of the tongs of the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic end clamping mechanism 2 is subject to an outward force F1. The upsetting process is to squeeze the AT variable cross-section rail and the ordinary rail towards each other. There will be resistance during the rail extrusion, and the resistance will act on the clamping mechanism in the opposite direction, which is the force F1. The middle part of the tongs of the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic end clamping mechanism 2 is subject to an inward pulling force F2 from the upsetting oil cylinder 302, resulting in unbalanced force on the tongs. The upper part of the tongs inclines inward, which will cause the weld of the rail after welding to be concave. By providing an outward supporting force F3 on the upper part of the tongs of the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic end clamping mechanism 2 through the tong balance oil cylinder 5, the force on the tongs of the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic end clamping mechanism 2 is balanced, ensuring the straightness of the rail after welding;

[0112] Step 5: After the upsetting process ends, the burr pushing oil cylinder 403 operates. The burr pushing oil cylinder 403 applies force to the burr pushing tool holder 401 through the burr pushing extension rod 402. The burr pushing tool holder 401 pushes the burr pushing tool to complete the burr pushing of the weld. The burr pushing oil cylinder 403 retracts the tool holder to complete the entire pressure maintaining and burr pushing process;

[0113] Step 6: Open the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic end clamping mechanism 2, lift the equipment off the rail, and deal with the residual welding slag and burrs on the rail; The welding slag and burrs have nothing to do with this equipment and are generated during the welding process.

[0114] Step 7: The narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine is hoisted and positioned on the welded rail again. After the static end clamping mechanism 1 and the dynamic end clamping mechanism 2 are clamped again, the coil on the normalizing assembly 6 is closed. The first normalizing coil 606 rotates clockwise downward around the pin shaft of the first coil seat 605 with the first coil seat 605. The second normalizing coil 608 rotates counterclockwise by 90° around the plumb line under the drive of the gear rack group 612 with the second coil seat 607. The upper and lower surfaces of the first normalizing coil 606 and the second normalizing coil 608 are in contact to form a closed loop. At this time, the normalizing power supply of the coil is disconnected, and the air blowing is turned on. The first air blowing box 613 and the second air blowing box 614 spray compressed air to cool the completed welding seam to below 500°C;

[0115] Step 8: After the temperature of the weld drops below 500°C, move the burr pushing oil cylinder 403, adjust the position of the coil, align the center of the coil with the center of the weld, and connect the normalizing power supply. The normalizing transformer 601 transmits the intermediate frequency current to the normalizing coil through the normalizing busbar, thus forming an induction loop. At this time, the coil starts to heat-treat the weld;

[0116] Step 9: After the temperature of the rail top rises to 900°C, the intermediate frequency current is automatically cut off and stopped. Immediately turn on the air blowing, and cool the surface temperature of the rail to below 500°C again through compressed air to complete the heat treatment process.

Claims

1. A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine, characterized in that: It includes a stationary-end clamping mechanism (1), a moving-end clamping mechanism (2), a pressure-maintaining tumor pushing mechanism (4), a normalizing component (6), a center-axis upsetting structure (3), and a clamp balance oil cylinder (5); the stationary-end clamping mechanism (1) and the moving-end clamping mechanism (2) are distributed at both ends of the integrated machine, the stationary-end clamping mechanism (1) and the moving-end clamping mechanism (2) are connected through the center-axis upsetting structure (3) in a penetrating manner, a pressure-maintaining tumor pushing mechanism (4) and a clamp balance oil cylinder (5) for providing an outward supporting force to the clamp are installed between the stationary-end clamping mechanism (1) and the moving-end clamping mechanism (2), and a normalizing component (6) combining rotary die closing and flipping die closing is installed on the pressure-maintaining tumor pushing mechanism (4); The normalizing component (6) is installed on the tumor pushing tool rest (401) of the pressure-maintaining tumor pushing mechanism (4), the normalizing component (6) includes a normalizing transformer (601) installed on the upper part of the tumor pushing tool rest (401), the two poles of the normalizing transformer (601) are respectively connected to a first normalizing busbar (602) and a second normalizing busbar (603) and then connected to a first normalizing coil (606) and a second normalizing coil (608), the first normalizing coil (606) is fixed on a first coil mold base (605); the second normalizing coil (608) is fixed on a second coil mold base (607); and the bottom of the first normalizing coil (606) is shorter than the bottom of the second normalizing coil (608); the first coil mold base (605) is connected to the tumor pushing tool rest (401) through a first coil mold base rotary pin shaft (611), and a first die closing oil cylinder (609) is connected to the first coil mold base (605) through a pin shaft, so as to realize the up-and-down flipping of the first coil mold base (605); the second coil mold base (607) is installed on the tumor pushing tool rest (401) through upper and lower bearing seats, and a second die closing oil cylinder (610) drives the horizontal rotation of the second coil mold base (607) through a gear and rack group (612) on the upper part of the second coil mold base (607), so as to realize the die closing of the second normalizing coil (608); A first air spraying box (613) is installed between the first coil mold base (605) and the first normalizing coil (606), a second air spraying box (614) is installed between the second coil mold base (607) and the second normalizing coil (608), and the centers of the air spraying boxes coincide with the corresponding coil centers, and both the first air spraying box (613) and the second air spraying box (614) are connected to a compressed air source.

2. A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center-axis upsetting structure (3) includes a center axis (301) and an upsetting oil cylinder (302), and the center axis (301) is connected to the upsetting oil cylinder (302) through a thread.

3. The narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stationary-end clamping mechanism (1) includes a clamping oil cylinder (101), a first stationary-end clamp (102), and a second stationary-end clamp (103), the clamping oil cylinder (101) is connected to the first stationary-end clamp (102) and the second stationary-end clamp (103), and the opening and closing center of the stationary-end clamping mechanism (1) is the axis of the center axis (301); The moving-end clamping mechanism (2) includes a clamping oil cylinder (101), a first moving-end clamp (201) and a second moving-end clamp (202). The clamping oil cylinder (101) is connected to the first moving-end clamp (201) and the second moving-end clamp (202). The opening and closing center of the moving-end clamping mechanism (2) is the axis of the central axis (301).

4. A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first central axis single ear seat (1021) and a first central axis double ear seat (1022) are provided on the first static-end clamp (102). A second central axis double ear seat (1031) and a second central axis single ear seat (1032) are provided on the second static-end clamp (103). Among them, the first central axis single ear seat (1021) and the second central axis double ear seat (1031) are a pair of central axis (301) ear seats, and the first central axis double ear seat (1022) and the second central axis single ear seat (1032) are a pair of central axis (301) ear seats. The central axis (301) passes through the two pairs of central axis (301) ear seats and rotates around the center line of the central axis (301) to realize the clamping and opening of the clamps. The clamping length of the static-end clamping mechanism (1) is 567 mm; A third central axis double ear seat (2011) is provided on the first moving-end clamp (201), and a third central axis single ear seat (2021) is provided on the second moving-end clamp (202). The third central axis double ear seat (2011) and the third central axis single ear seat (2021) are a pair of central axis (301) ear seats and are penetrated by the central axis (301), and rotate around the center line of the central axis (301) to realize the clamping and opening of the clamps. The clamping length of the moving-end clamping mechanism (2) is 300 mm.

5. A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two clamping balance oil cylinders (5), which are respectively installed on both sides of the upper part of the integrated machine. Each clamping balance oil cylinder (5) is respectively between the clamps of the static-end clamping mechanism (1) and the clamps of the moving-end clamping mechanism (2), and gives a supporting force to the clamps.

6. A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A conductive shaft (7) is provided below each clamping balance oil cylinder (5). The conductive shaft (7) penetrates inside the clamps of the static-end clamping mechanism (1) and the moving-end clamping mechanism (2). One end of the conductive shaft (7) passes through the moving-end clamping mechanism (2) and is connected to a DC transformer (8) outside the moving-end clamping mechanism (2).

7. A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure-holding and tumor-pushing mechanism (4) includes a tumor-pushing tool holder (401), a tumor-pushing extension rod (402) and a tumor-pushing oil cylinder (403). The central axis (301) of the central axis upsetting structure (3) passes through the tumor-pushing tool holder (401). The tumor-pushing tool holder (401) is guided by the central axis (301). Waist-shaped holes (4011) are provided on both sides of the tumor-pushing tool holder (401). The tumor-pushing extension rod (402) passes through the waist-shaped holes (4011) of the tool holder and is connected by screws. The tumor-pushing oil cylinder (403) is threadedly connected to the tumor-pushing extension rod (402). The tumor-pushing oil cylinder (403) and the tumor-pushing extension rod (402) are installed on the static-end clamping mechanism (1).

8. A narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing method, characterized in that: The equipment of the implementation method is a narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine as described in claim 7. The method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Before welding, remove rust and scale from the web of the AT variable-section rail (10) and the ordinary rail. Hang the burr cutter on the ordinary rail, and then perform preliminary alignment. Step 2: Place the narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine directly above the AT variable-section rail (10) and the ordinary rail, and make the rail top reference block contact the rail top. At the same time, the static end clamping mechanism (1) and the dynamic end clamping mechanism (2) are clamped, and adjust the working edges of the butt-welded rails to be aligned to complete precise positioning. Step 3: Actuate the movable upsetting oil cylinder (302). The upsetting oil cylinder (302) adjusts the distance between the static end clamping mechanism (1) and the dynamic end clamping mechanism (2) through the central shaft (301) to complete the distance adjustment of the AT variable-section rail (10) and the ordinary rail. Step 4: Start the welding system, turn on the welding power supply, and the DC transformer (8) is energized to start the flash melting process. After 90s - 180s, the piston rod of the upsetting oil cylinder (302) retracts, and transmits the force to the dynamic end clamping mechanism (2) through the central shaft (301), and pulls the static end clamping mechanism (1) and the dynamic end clamping mechanism (2) closer within 0.5s - 1s to complete the upsetting process. During the upsetting process, the lower part of the clamps of the static end clamping mechanism (1) and the dynamic end clamping mechanism (2) is subjected to an outward force F1, the middle part of the clamps of the static end clamping mechanism (1) and the dynamic end clamping mechanism (2) is subjected to an inward pulling force F2 from the upsetting oil cylinder (302), and the clamp balance oil cylinder (5) provides an outward supporting force F3 on the upper part of the clamps of the static end clamping mechanism (1) and the dynamic end clamping mechanism (2), so that the forces on the clamps of the static end clamping mechanism (1) and the dynamic end clamping mechanism (2) are balanced, ensuring the straightness of the welded rail. Step 5: After the upsetting process ends, the burr removing oil cylinder (403) acts. The burr removing oil cylinder (403) applies force to the burr cutter holder (401) through the burr removing extension rod (402), and the burr cutter is pushed by the burr cutter holder (401) to complete burr removal from the weld. The burr removing oil cylinder (403) retracts the cutter holder to complete the entire pressure-holding burr removing process. Step 6: Open the static end clamping mechanism (1) and the dynamic end clamping mechanism (2), lift the equipment off the rail, and deal with the residual welding slag and burrs on the rail. Step 7: The narrow-body flash welding and heat treatment normalizing integrated machine is hoisted and positioned again on the welded rail. After the static end clamping mechanism (1) and the dynamic end clamping mechanism (2) are clamped again, the coil on the normalizing assembly (6) is closed. The first normalizing coil (606) rotates clockwise downward around the pin shaft of the first coil seat (605) with the first coil seat (605), and the second normalizing coil (608) rotates counterclockwise by 90° around the plumb line under the drive of the gear rack group (612) with the second coil seat (607). The upper and lower surfaces of the first normalizing coil (606) and the second normalizing coil (608) are in contact to form a closed loop. At this time, the coil disconnects the normalizing power supply, turns on the air blowing, and the first air blowing box (613) and the second air blowing box (614) spray compressed air to cool the completed welded joint to below 500°C. Step 8: After the weld temperature drops below 500°C, move the tumor-pushing oil cylinder (403), adjust the position of the coil, align the center of the coil with the center of the weld, and turn on the normalizing power supply. The normalizing transformer (601) transmits the intermediate-frequency current to the normalizing coil through the normalizing busbar, thus forming an induction loop. At this time, the coil starts to heat-treat the weld; Step 9: After the temperature of the rail top rises to 900°C, the intermediate-frequency current is automatically cut off and stopped. Immediately start blowing air, and cool the surface temperature of the rail to below 500°C again through compressed air to complete the heat-treatment process.

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