A pre- and post-hybrid combined abrasive waterjet mechanism and method thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a pre- and post-mixing combined abrasive waterjet mechanism and method, comprising an ultra-high pressure waterjet device, a high-pressure abrasive waterjet device, and a jet mixing and accelerating device. The ultra-high pressure waterjet device and the jet mixing and accelerating device are further subdivided, with several high-pressure abrasive waterjet devices, all inclined relative to the ultra-high pressure waterjet device. The jet mixing and accelerating device includes a mixing chamber, a mixing jet nozzle, and a locking assembly. The mixing chamber has several mounting holes, one of which communicates with the ultra-high pressure waterjet device, while the other mounting holes connect to their corresponding high-pressure abrasive waterjet devices. At least one high-pressure abrasive waterjet device is connected to the mixing chamber. This invention first forms a pre-mixed abrasive waterjet, then forms a higher-velocity ultra-high pressure waterjet for secondary acceleration, thereby significantly increasing the abrasive particle velocity and improving the jet cutting effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of jet injection devices, specifically relating to a front-rear mixed combined abrasive water jet mechanism and method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Abrasive waterjet is widely used in tunnel excavation, oil drilling, and mining due to its unique advantages such as safety, concentrated energy, and dust-free operation during rock breaking. Abrasive waterjet primarily achieves its rock-breaking purpose by using high-speed water carrying abrasive particles to impact and remove rock materials. Based on the mixing method of the abrasive and water, abrasive waterjet can be divided into two types: post-mixed abrasive waterjet and pre-mixed abrasive waterjet. Post-mixed abrasive waterjet pre-forms high-speed water and then mixes it with abrasive particles to form the abrasive waterjet, offering advantages such as simple structure and high pressure. Pre-mixed abrasive waterjet, on the other hand, pre-mixes the abrasive and water and then pressurizes it through a nozzle to form the abrasive waterjet, offering advantages such as a stable jet stream.

[0004] Unlike abrasive waterjet processing, which demands higher quality in machining, successful application in rock breaking requires high efficiency. However, current forms of abrasive waterjet processing necessitate reduced lateral cutting speeds when facing medium- to high-strength hard rock to achieve optimal rock-breaking results, significantly decreasing rock-breaking efficiency. Therefore, it is crucial to address the rock-breaking capability of abrasive waterjet processes and increase the jet's velocity, particularly the velocity of the abrasive particles. Existing methods typically involve increasing the waterjet's pressure and using larger diameter nozzles, but these require improvements to related equipment performance and energy consumption, making them difficult to implement and offering limited improvements in cutting effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a pre- and post-mixing combined abrasive waterjet mechanism and method. This invention first forms a pre-mixed abrasive waterjet, and then forms a higher-speed ultra-high-pressure waterjet to further accelerate the pre-mixed abrasive waterjet, thereby significantly increasing the velocity of the abrasive particles and improving the jet cutting effect.

[0006] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A pre- and post-mixing combined abrasive waterjet mechanism includes an ultra-high pressure waterjet device, a high pressure abrasive waterjet device, and a jet mixing and acceleration device, wherein:

[0008] The ultra-high pressure water jet device and the jet mixing and acceleration device, wherein the high pressure abrasive water jet device comprises several, all of which are inclinedly arranged relative to the ultra-high pressure water jet device;

[0009] The jet mixing acceleration device includes a mixing chamber, a mixing jet nozzle, and a locking assembly. The mixing chamber is provided with several mounting holes, one of which is connected to an ultra-high pressure water jet device, and the other mounting holes are connected to corresponding high pressure abrasive water jet devices. At least one high pressure abrasive water jet device is connected to the mixing chamber.

[0010] The mixing jet nozzle is connected to the end of the mixing chamber, and the two are fixedly connected by a locking assembly.

[0011] As an alternative implementation, at least some of the high-pressure abrasive water jet devices and the ultra-high-pressure water jet devices have different tilt angles.

[0012] As an alternative implementation, the structures of each high-pressure abrasive water jet device are identical.

[0013] As an alternative implementation, the high-pressure abrasive water jet device includes a high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle, a clamp, and a connector. One end of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle is sealed to the jet mixing and acceleration device, and the other end is sealed to the connector. The clamp is nested outside the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle and connected to the connector.

[0014] As a further embodiment, one end of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle is conical.

[0015] As a further embodiment, one end of the connector is connected to the jet mixing and acceleration device via a thread, and the other end of the connector is connected to the jet pipeline.

[0016] As a further implementation, the high-pressure abrasive water jet parameters can be adjusted by replacing the connected high-pressure abrasive water jet device, replacing the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle, or replacing the mixed jet nozzle.

[0017] As an alternative implementation, the locking assembly includes a locking sleeve and a threaded sleeve. The mixing jet nozzle is pressed and connected to the end of the mixing chamber. The locking sleeve is nested outside the mixing jet nozzle to apply a fixed constraint to the mixing chamber. The threaded sleeve is connected to the front end of the mixing chamber by a thread and can apply pre-pressure to the locking sleeve to fix the mixing jet nozzle and the mixing chamber, and drive the mixing jet nozzle to press the mixing chamber to achieve a sealed connection.

[0018] As an alternative implementation, the jet mixing acceleration device has a housing, with each high-pressure abrasive water jet device disposed on different surfaces of the housing, and the high-pressure abrasive water jet devices are staggered among each other.

[0019] Based on the working methods of the aforementioned institutions, the following steps are included:

[0020] Determine the jet parameters according to the requirements of the jet operation;

[0021] Based on the determined jet type and parameters, select the number and location of the connected mounting holes, and connect the corresponding jet source;

[0022] If a mixed jet is required, the ultra-high pressure water jet and the high pressure abrasive water jet are mixed in the mixing chamber to achieve secondary acceleration of the abrasive particles, and the particles are bundled and merged in the mixing jet nozzle to form an abrasive water jet with higher abrasive particle velocity.

[0023] The jet parameters are determined based on the optimal tilt angle θ model:

[0024] θ=C1*P1 λ1 *D1 λ2 *P2 λ3 *D2 λ4 *W λ5

[0025] Where: P1 represents the ultra-high pressure water jet pressure; D1 represents the diameter of the high pressure water jet nozzle; P2 represents the high pressure abrasive water jet pressure; D2 represents the diameter of the high pressure abrasive water jet nozzle; W represents the abrasive concentration; C1, λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, and λ5 are undetermined coefficients obtained experimentally.

[0026] Based on the optimal tilt angle θ model with optimal jet energy conversion efficiency, a prediction model for the effective energy E of jet rock breaking is established to determine the jet parameters:

[0027] E = C2 * P1 λ6 *D1 λ7 *θ λ8 +C3*P2 λ9 *D2 λ10 *θ λ11 *W λ12

[0028] Where C2, C3, λ6, λ7, λ8, λ9, λ10, λ11, and λ12 are undetermined coefficients obtained experimentally, and θ is determined by the optimal tilt angle θ model.

[0029] Establish a prediction model for the rock-breaking depth H of the jet to determine the jet parameters:

[0030] H = C4 * E λ13 *V λ14 *T λ15 *UCS λ16 *BTS λ17 *m λ18

[0031] Where: E is the effective rock-breaking energy of the jet, calculated by the above jet rock-breaking effective energy E prediction model, V is the lateral velocity, T is the cutting target distance, UCS is the rock compressive strength, BTS is the rock tensile strength, m is the rock density, and C4, λ13, λ14, λ15, λ16, λ17, and λ18 are undetermined coefficients obtained from experiments;

[0032] Based on the prediction model of the rock-breaking cutting depth H of the jet, the parameters of the high-efficiency rock-breaking jet and the cutting parameters are determined.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] The pre- and post-hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism provided by this invention can achieve secondary acceleration of high-pressure abrasive water jet by ultra-high-pressure water jet, thereby forming a high-pressure abrasive water jet with higher abrasive particle velocity, significantly improving the rock-breaking effect of abrasive water jet, and avoiding the problems of high cost and insignificant improvement effect of traditional methods in improving the performance parameters of jet equipment.

[0035] The front-rear hybrid abrasive water jet mechanism provided by this invention offers a variety of angles and combination methods for ultra-high pressure water jets and high pressure abrasive water jets, which are easy to select. Ultra-high pressure water jet nozzles, abrasive water jet nozzles, and hybrid jet nozzles can be selected according to usage requirements, facilitating rapid adjustment of the coupling relationship between high pressure water jets and abrasive water jets, and has strong applicability.

[0036] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a front view of a front-to-back hybrid abrasive waterjet mechanism according to one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a front view of a front-to-back hybrid abrasive waterjet mechanism according to one embodiment;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a front-to-back hybrid abrasive waterjet mechanism according to one embodiment.

[0041] Among them, 1. Ultra-high pressure water jet device, 2. High pressure abrasive water jet device, 3. Jet mixing and acceleration device;

[0042] 11. Ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle; 12. Connecting pipe; 13. Adapter connector;

[0043] 21. High-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle; 22. Collet; 23. Connector;

[0044] 31. Mixing chamber; 32. Mixing jet nozzle; 33. Locking sleeve; 34. Screw sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0047] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0048] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in this application may be combined with each other.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the front-rear hybrid abrasive water jet mechanism includes: an ultra-high pressure water jet device 1, a high pressure abrasive water jet device 2, and a jet mixing and acceleration device 3.

[0051] The ultra-high pressure water jet device 1 is connected to the ultra-high pressure water jet system to form an ultra-high pressure water jet. The high pressure abrasive water jet device 2 is connected to the high pressure abrasive water jet system to form a high pressure abrasive water jet. The ultra-high pressure water jet device 1 and the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2 are installed on the jet mixing and acceleration device 3 by threaded connection.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the jet outlet of the ultra-high pressure water jet device 1 coincides with the jet outlet axis of the jet mixing and acceleration device 3, the jet outlet of the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2 and the jet outlet of the jet mixing and acceleration device 3 have a certain angle, and multiple high pressure abrasive water jet devices 2 with the same angle or different angles can be arranged on the jet mixing and acceleration device 3.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, the ultra-high pressure water jet device 1 includes an ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle 11, a connecting pipe 12, and a conversion joint 13. One end of the ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle 11 is connected to the jet mixing and accelerating device 3 via a conical seal, and the other end is press-sealed to the connecting pipe 12. One end of the connecting pipe 12 is threaded to the jet mixing and accelerating device 3 and applies pre-pressure to the ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle 11, thereby achieving a sealed connection between the ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle 11, the connecting pipe 12, and the jet mixing and accelerating device 3 to prevent leakage of the ultra-high pressure water jet. The other end of the connecting pipe 12 is connected to one end of the conversion joint 13, and the other end of the conversion joint 13 is connected to the ultra-high pressure water jet pipeline, thereby providing ultra-high pressure water to the ultra-high pressure water jet device from the outside to form an ultra-high pressure water jet. During use, the ultra-high pressure water jet parameters can be adjusted by replacing the high pressure water jet nozzle 11.

[0054] The high-pressure abrasive water jet device 2 includes a high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21, a collet 22, and a connector 23. One end of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21 is conical and is sealed to the jet mixing and acceleration device 3 through a conical surface. The other end is sealed to the connector 23. The collet 22 is nested outside the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21 and connected to the connector 23. By pressing the collet 22, the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21 and the connector 23 are formed into a whole.

[0055] The connector 23 is connected to the jet mixing and accelerating device 3 via threads, fixing the high-pressure abrasive water jet device 2 onto the jet mixing and accelerating device 3. It can also apply pre-pressure to the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21 and the collet 22, thereby achieving a sealing effect. The other end of the connector 23 is connected to the high-pressure abrasive water jet pipeline, allowing external supply of a high-pressure abrasive water mixture to the high-pressure abrasive water jet device 2, thus forming a high-pressure abrasive water jet. Similarly, the high-pressure abrasive water jet can be replaced with other forms of jet such as high-pressure abrasive slurry jet or particle jet.

[0056] During use, the high-pressure abrasive water jet parameters can be adjusted by selecting the size of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21.

[0057] The jet mixing and acceleration device 3 includes a mixing chamber 31, a mixing jet nozzle 32, a locking sleeve 33, and a screw sleeve 34. The mixing chamber 31 is provided with mounting holes for the ultra-high pressure water jet device 1 and the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2. Moreover, there are multiple mounting holes for the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2, so different angles and combinations of different angles of the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2 can be selected according to the usage requirements. Accordingly, it is only necessary to seal the mounting holes of the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2 at other angles.

[0058] In the mixing chamber 31, the ultra-high pressure water jet and the high pressure abrasive water jet are mixed, the abrasive particles are accelerated a second time, and they are bundled and merged in the mixing jet nozzle 32, thereby forming an abrasive water jet with a higher abrasive particle velocity.

[0059] The mixing jet nozzle 32 is pressed together with the end of the mixing chamber 31, and the locking sleeve 33 is nested on the outside of the mixing jet nozzle 32 to apply a fixed constraint to the mixing chamber 31. The threaded sleeve 34 is connected to the mixing chamber 31 by threads, applying a preload to the locking sleeve 33 to fix the mixing jet nozzle 32 and the mixing chamber 31 together, and driving the mixing jet nozzle 32 to press the mixing chamber 31 together to achieve a sealed connection.

[0060] In the above process, the jet parameters can be determined based on the optimal tilt angle θ model:

[0061] θ=C1*P1 λ1 *D1 λ2 *P2 λ3 *D2 λ4 *W λ5

[0062] Where: P1 represents the ultra-high pressure water jet pressure; D1 represents the diameter of the high pressure water jet nozzle; P2 represents the high pressure abrasive water jet pressure; D2 represents the diameter of the high pressure abrasive water jet nozzle; W represents the abrasive concentration; C1, λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, and λ5 are undetermined coefficients obtained experimentally.

[0063] Based on the optimal tilt angle θ model with optimal jet energy conversion efficiency, a prediction model for the effective energy E of jet rock breaking is established to determine the jet parameters:

[0064] E = C2 * P1 λ6 *D1 λ7 *θ λ8 +C3*P2 λ9 *D2 λ10 *θ λ11 *W λ12

[0065] Where C2, C3, λ6, λ7, λ8, λ9, λ10, λ11, and λ12 are undetermined coefficients obtained experimentally, and θ is determined by the optimal tilt angle θ model.

[0066] Establish a prediction model for the rock-breaking depth H of the jet to determine the jet parameters:

[0067] H = C4 * E λ13 *V λ14 *T λ15 *UCS λ16 *BTS λ17 *m λ18

[0068] Where: E is the effective rock-breaking energy of the jet, calculated by the above jet rock-breaking effective energy E prediction model, V is the lateral velocity, T is the cutting target distance, UCS is the rock compressive strength, BTS is the rock tensile strength, m is the rock density, and C4, λ13, λ14, λ15, λ16, λ17, and λ18 are undetermined coefficients obtained from experiments;

[0069] Based on the prediction model of the rock-breaking cutting depth H of the jet, the parameters of the high-efficiency rock-breaking jet and the cutting parameters are determined.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made by those skilled in the art without creative effort within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A working method for a front-to-rear hybrid combined abrasive waterjet mechanism, characterized in that, The mechanism includes an ultra-high pressure water jet device, a high pressure abrasive water jet device, and a jet mixing and acceleration device, wherein: The high-pressure abrasive water jet device includes several components, all of which are inclined relative to the ultra-high pressure water jet device; The jet mixing acceleration device includes a mixing chamber, a mixing jet nozzle, and a locking assembly. The mixing chamber is provided with several mounting holes, one of which is connected to an ultra-high pressure water jet device, and the other mounting holes are connected to corresponding high pressure abrasive water jet devices. At least one high pressure abrasive water jet device is connected to the mixing chamber. The mixing jet nozzle is connected to the end of the mixing chamber, and the two are fixedly connected by a locking assembly; The working method includes: Determine the jet parameters according to the requirements of the jet operation; Based on the determined jet type and parameters, select the number and location of the connected mounting holes, and connect the corresponding jet source; If a mixed jet is required, the ultra-high pressure water jet and the high pressure abrasive water jet are mixed in the mixing chamber to achieve secondary acceleration of the abrasive particles, and the particles are bundled and merged in the mixing jet nozzle to form an abrasive water jet with higher abrasive particle velocity. The jet parameters are determined based on the optimal tilt angle θ model: θ=C1*P1 λ1 *D1 λ2 *P2 λ3 *D2 λ4 *W λ5 Where: P1 represents the ultra-high pressure water jet pressure; D1 represents the diameter of the high pressure water jet nozzle; P2 represents the high pressure abrasive water jet pressure; D2 represents the diameter of the high pressure abrasive water jet nozzle; W represents the abrasive concentration; C1, λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, and λ5 are undetermined coefficients obtained experimentally.

2. The working method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the optimal tilt angle θ model with optimal jet energy conversion efficiency, a prediction model for the effective energy E of jet rock breaking is established to determine the jet parameters: E = C2*P1 λ6 *D1 λ7 *i λ8 + C3*P2 λ9 *D2 λ10 *i λ11 *W λ12 Where: P1 represents the ultra-high pressure water jet pressure; D1 represents the high pressure water jet nozzle diameter; P2 represents the high pressure abrasive water jet pressure; D2 represents the high pressure abrasive water jet nozzle diameter; W represents the abrasive concentration; C2, C3, λ6, λ7, λ8, λ9, λ10, λ11, and λ12 are undetermined coefficients obtained experimentally, and θ is determined by the optimal tilt angle θ model.

3. The working method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Establish a prediction model for the depth H of jet rock breaking: H=C4*E λ13 *V λ14 *T λ15 *UCS λ16 *BTS λ17 *m λ18 Where: E is the effective rock-breaking energy of the jet, calculated by the above jet rock-breaking effective energy E prediction model, V is the lateral velocity, T is the cutting target distance, UCS is the rock compressive strength, BTS is the rock tensile strength, m is the rock density, and C4, λ13, λ14, λ15, λ16, λ17, and λ18 are undetermined coefficients obtained from experiments; Based on the prediction model of the rock-breaking cutting depth H of the jet, the parameters of the high-efficiency rock-breaking jet and the cutting parameters are determined.

4. The working method of the pre- and post-mixing combined abrasive waterjet mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least some of the high-pressure abrasive water jet devices and the ultra-high-pressure water jet devices have different tilt angles.

5. The working method of the pre- and post-mixing combined abrasive waterjet mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, All high-pressure abrasive water jet devices have the same structure; The high-pressure abrasive water jet device includes a high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle, a clamp, and a connector. One end of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle is sealed to the jet mixing and acceleration device, and the other end is sealed to the connector. The clamp is nested on the outside of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle and connected to the connector.

6. The working method of the pre- and post-mixing combined abrasive waterjet mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, One end of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle is conical. One end of the connector is connected to the jet mixing and acceleration device via a thread, and the other end of the connector is connected to the jet pipeline. The high-pressure abrasive water jet parameters can be adjusted by replacing the connected high-pressure abrasive water jet device, replacing the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle, or replacing the mixed jet nozzle.

7. The working method of the pre- and post-mixing combined abrasive waterjet mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The locking assembly includes a locking sleeve and a threaded sleeve. The mixing jet nozzle is pressed and connected to the end of the mixing chamber. The locking sleeve is nested outside the mixing jet nozzle to apply a fixed constraint to the mixing chamber. The threaded sleeve is connected to the front end of the mixing chamber by a thread and can apply pre-pressure to the locking sleeve to fix the mixing jet nozzle and the mixing chamber, and drive the mixing jet nozzle to press the mixing chamber to achieve a sealed connection.

8. The working method of the pre- and post-mixing combined abrasive waterjet mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The jet mixing acceleration device has a housing, and each high-pressure abrasive water jet device is disposed on a different surface of the housing, with the high-pressure abrasive water jet devices arranged alternately.

Images