Downward-diving barge-out technology of barrel type foundation structure

Abstract

The invention provides a diving barge-out process of a barrel-type foundation structure, which comprises the following steps of: moving the barrel-type foundation structure with an air floating platform to a diving position through a semi-diving ship, then diving the barrel-type foundation structure for at least two times by utilizing the anchored semi-diving ship and anchoring of an anchored crane ship, and when the barrel-type foundation structure draws water to a set height, enabling the barrel-type foundation structure to dive for at least two times; and the barrel type foundation structure is sequentially disconnected with the semi-submerged ship and the crane ship, and submerging barge discharging is completed. The semi-submerged ship is used for completing self-floating transportation, placement and deviation correction of the barrel type foundation structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of diving and unloading, and in particular to a diving and unloading process of a barrel-type foundation structure. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, for the diving of semi-submersible vessels, a caisson-type structure is basically selected. This method is selected in some projects. For example, the side of the project faces the open sea and is greatly affected by monsoons and tropical cyclones, with high flow velocity and high waves on site. Then there is a mountain on the other side, which makes the construction area smaller. As a result, the caisson structure is heavy and affects the construction period. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a process for the submergence and unloading of a barrel-type foundation structure, a new hoisting and towing equipment for towing the barrel-type foundation structure on water, and a crane ship's hoisting force to assist in floating, thereby solving the key technical problems in the self-floating transportation, sinking and deviation correction of the eccentric barrel-type foundation structure at sea, and solving the problems of the sinking of the asymmetric structure and the instability of the critical surface of the barrel-type foundation.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows: The process of submerging and unloading a barrel-type foundation structure comprises the following steps: after the barrel-type foundation structure with an air flotation platform is moved to a submerged position by a semi-submersible vessel, the semi-submersible vessel after anchoring and the crane ship after anchoring are used to make the barrel-type foundation structure dive at least twice, and when the draft reaches a set height, the connection between the barrel-type foundation structure and the semi-submersible vessel and the crane ship is released in sequence to complete the submergence and unloading; The barrel-type foundation structure forms a dock structure that is submerged and connected to the shore during the barge operation.

[0005] Furthermore, it also includes the installation of the air floating platform, specifically, using lifting to lift the air floating platform prefabricated in the prefabrication yard to the barrel-type foundation structure to be installed on the semi-submersible vessel, and debugging the air floating platform.

[0006] Furthermore, the barrel-type basic structure is a cylinder or an ellipsoid, and the air floating platform is a cubic structure that is arranged away from the center of the cylinder or the ellipsoid.

[0007] Furthermore, the barrel foundation is connected to the semi-submersible vessel via cables and is located on the hull of the semi-submersible vessel.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes anchoring and fixing of the semi-submersible vessel, specifically: controlling the semi-submersible vessel to move to a submerged position, and completing anchoring and fixing of the semi-submersible vessel at the submerged position.

[0009] Furthermore, after the anchoring is fixed, the stern of the semi-submersible vessel forms an anti-collision connection with the barrel-type basic structure through a nylon rope, and the bow of the semi-submersible vessel forms a symmetrical connection with the barrel-type basic structure through a symmetrical nylon cable.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes the anchoring of the crane vessel, specifically: the crane vessel drops anchor at the diving position, and the anchor cable of the crane vessel forms a downward pressure for the semi-submersible ship to drop anchor.

[0011] Furthermore, the two dives are specifically as follows: When the barrel-type foundation structure is in a floating state, the semi-submersible vessel stops diving when it dives to the level of the liquid surface, and the crane ship is hooked with the semi-submersible vessel to complete the first dive; The semi-submersible vessel continues to dive and draft until the bottom of the barrel-type foundation structure is separated from the semi-submersible vessel bracket, and then the semi-submersible vessel is leveled to complete the second dive.

[0012] Furthermore, before the first dive, the drain valve of the barrel-type base structure is closed and the exhaust valve is opened, and after the first dive, the exhaust valve is closed so that the exhaust valve is in a closed state.

[0013] Furthermore, the barrel-type basic structure comprises a barrel body, one end of which is provided with a cover plate, and the other end of which is provided with an opening, and the side of the barrel body with the opening is submerged in the water body.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The barrel-type foundation structure in the present invention is a box-type structure with a top but no bottom, with a partition plate inside, and the sinking or floating of the caisson is controlled by adjusting the ballast water in the box. There is a certain thickness of bottom sealing water at the bottom of the barrel body of the barrel-type foundation structure, and an air cavity with a certain air pressure is formed between the bottom sealing water and the top plate of the lower barrel. The sum of the air buoyancy formed by the air cavity compressing the drainage and the buoyancy generated by the bottom sealing water barrel wall is equal to the gravity of the barrel body, and when it meets the requirements for the stability of the barrel body floating, the barrel body can be used for air flotation operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flowchart of the process of submerging and unloading a barrel-type foundation structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The process for submerging and unloading a barrel-type foundation structure in the present invention comprises the following steps: after the barrel-type foundation structure with an air flotation platform is moved to a submerged position by a semi-submersible vessel, the semi-submersible vessel after anchoring and the crane ship after anchoring are used to make the barrel-type foundation structure dive at least twice, and when the draft reaches a set height, the connection between the barrel-type foundation structure and the semi-submersible vessel and the crane ship is released in sequence to complete the submergence and unloading.

[0018] In this embodiment, when installing the air-floating platform, specifically, the air-floating platform in the prefabrication yard is hoisted to the barrel-type foundation structure to be installed on the semi-submersible vessel by hoisting, and the air-floating platform is debugged. During debugging, specifically, the air-floating platform is mainly debugged after installation to test whether the pipeline gas path is unobstructed. The air-floating platform is the key to the installation process of the entire barrel-type foundation structure. Testing whether the pipeline gas path is unobstructed provides the basis for subsequent inflation or exhaust leveling; the gas path is connected to each compartment of the lower barrel, and its function is: each compartment can be inflated by the air compressor on the air-floating platform, and can also be exhausted by switching valves.

[0019] Preferably, in this embodiment, the barrel-type basic structure is a cylinder or an ellipsoid, and the air floating platform is a cubic structure disposed away from the center of the cylinder or the ellipsoid.

[0020] In this embodiment, the barrel-type foundation structure is applied to the shore as a wharf structure. In this case, the barrel-type foundation structure can be selected to be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Generally, the asymmetrical barrel-type foundation structure can be balanced with ballast concrete on one side.

[0021] In this embodiment, the barrel-type foundation structure is mainly connected to the semi-submersible vessel through cables and is located on the hull of the semi-submersible vessel. The barrel-type foundation structure is driven to sink and draft by the subsequent diving of the semi-submersible vessel.

[0022] In this embodiment, anchoring and fixing of the semi-submersible vessel is also included, specifically: controlling the semi-submersible vessel to move to the submerged position, and completing anchoring and fixing of the semi-submersible vessel at the submerged position.

[0023] It also includes the connection between the semi-submersible vessel and the barrel-type foundation structure, specifically: the semi-submersible vessel after being anchored is connected to the barrel-type foundation structure located in the middle of the semi-submersible vessel through steel wire ropes and nylon cables respectively.

[0024] In this embodiment, specifically, there is one nylon rope connected to the stern and two steel wire ropes connected to the bow; after the barrel is unloaded from the barge, the two steel wire ropes are first released, and the nylon rope is released last. The purpose of the steel wire rope is to prevent the barrel-type foundation structure from being unstable and colliding with the stern of the semi-submersible barge after being floated. The purpose of the nylon rope is to prevent the barrel-type foundation structure from colliding with the bow during unloading.

[0025] In this embodiment, the crane ship also includes anchoring, specifically: the crane ship drops anchor at the diving position, and the anchor cable of the crane ship forms a downward pressure for the semi-submersible ship to drop anchor. The order of anchoring is to drop the anchor of the semi-submersible barge first, and then the anchor of the crane ship. The anchor of the crane ship is pressed on the anchor of the semi-submersible barge. During the subsequent diving of the semi-submersible barge, its own anchor cable also follows and descends.

[0026] Furthermore, the two dives are specifically as follows: When the barrel-type foundation structure is in a floating state, the semi-submersible vessel stops diving when it dives to the level of the liquid surface, and the crane ship is hooked with the semi-submersible vessel to complete the first dive; The semi-submersible vessel continues to dive and draft until the bottom of the barrel-type foundation structure is separated from the semi-submersible vessel bracket, and then the semi-submersible vessel is leveled to complete the second dive.

[0027] Specifically, before the first dive, the drain valve of the barrel-type base structure is closed and the exhaust valve is opened, and after the first dive, the exhaust valve is closed so that the exhaust valve is in a closed state.

[0028] Furthermore, the barrel-type basic structure comprises a barrel body, one end of which is provided with a cover plate, and the other end of which is provided with an opening, and the side of the barrel body with the opening is submerged in the water body.

[0029] The submersible barge unloading process in this embodiment can be specifically used for the submersible floating transportation of barrel-type foundation structures and other related components that require offshore flotation; features: the lifting force of the crane ship helps to increase the safety, and for particularly tall barrel-type foundation structures, the freeboard height is lowered by exhausting air first, thereby increasing the stability of the unloading barge.

[0030] The specific process steps in this embodiment are as follows: Step 1: Installation of air flotation platform and equipment commissioning The air flotation platform is directly hoisted onto the barrel to be installed in the prefabrication yard, and the equipment is debugged. After the debugging is completed, the barrel is transported to Workshop 5 by a module truck.

[0031] Step 2: Tow the semi-submersible barge to the designated diving area on site The semi-submersible barge was transported by sea to the designated area of ​​the construction site, which is about 800m away from the installation location.

[0032] The semi-submersible barge pointed its bow downstream and, after arriving at the scene, was positioned at the diving position under the guidance of the onboard GPS. The vessel then measured the depth using the onboard depth sounder.

[0033] Step 3: Barrel and cable The crane operator will direct the on-site installation of cables (1 and 2 are steel wire ropes, 3 is nylon cable) and the unsealing of sea lashings.

[0034] Step 4: The crane vessel drops anchor After the semi-submersible barge is in place, the crane ship drops anchor and the crane ship's anchor cable presses the semi-submersible barge's anchor cable. The crane ship is arranged perpendicular to the semi-submersible barge on the downstream side of the semi-submersible barge.

[0035] Step 5: First stage of semi-submersible barge diving, air tightness inspection, cable belting, hooking After the semi-submersible barge is ready to be stationed, the drain valve is closed and the exhaust valve is opened (to remove part of the air in the lower barrel compartment in order to reduce the barrel freeboard and ensure the buoyancy stability of the barrel). The semi-submersible barge begins to dive slowly. When it dives to the barrel-type foundation structure with a draft of 0.779m, the exhaust valve is closed and the dive continues. At this time, the liquid levels inside and outside the barrel are level.

[0036] The purpose of choosing the draft distance of 0.779m is to reduce the freeboard height of the barrel when floating and increase the stability of the barrel when floating. The distance here is based on the weight of the barrel and meets the requirements of floating stability (fixed inclination height should be greater than 0.6). Effect: Increase the floating stability of the barrel.

[0037] When the semi-submersible barge dives to the barrel-type foundation structure with a draft of 10m, the semi-submersible barge stops diving when the draft is 18.3m, and an airtightness check is carried out. The bracket is laid flat, and a cable is tied between the crane ship and the barrel body to form an eight-shaped cable, and then the crane ship hooks.

[0038] There are two purposes: 1. When the barrel is 10 meters deep, the gas in the compartments is compressed, which makes it easier to check the air tightness. 2. When sinking at low tide, considering that the tidal flow rate is faster when the barrel is 10 meters deep, the sinking is suspended to conduct air tightness inspection and hooking procedures.

[0039] Step 6: Second stage of semi-submersible barge diving The semi-submersible barge continued to dive to a draft of 21.1m, and the barrel-type foundation structure had a draft of 12.8m. When the bottom of the barrel was 1m away from the bracket, the semi-submersible barge dived to 22.1m, observed its posture, and leveled it as needed.

[0040] The draft of the barrel is calculated based on the weight of each barrel. Under the condition of meeting the floating stability requirement (fixed inclination height should be greater than 0.6), the lower the freeboard, that is, the higher the draft, the more beneficial it is for lightering and floating.

[0041] The submersible barrel of the semi-submersible barge is leveled by inflation. In actual use, there may be a problem of inconsistent heights on both sides. At this time, the air compressor of the air pipe connected to the corresponding compartment is opened to inflate and level it.

[0042] Step 7: Barrel unloading The crane hook applies an initial lifting force of 2×50t, the crane ship twists the cable, and Sanhanggong 5 cooperates in loosening the cable synchronously to move the barrel-type foundation structure 15~30m away from the semi-submersible barge. First, the 3# cable is released, and then the 1# and 2# cables between Sanhanggong 5 and the barrel-type foundation structure are released.

[0043] During the unloading stage, the tide is still high, so the No. 3 cable is released first. The No. 1 and No. 2 cables are used to prevent the barrel from floating up and hitting the stern due to the force of the rising tide. At this time, the No. 3 cable is a nylon rope, while the No. 1 and No. 2 cables are steel wire ropes.

[0044] Step 8: Connect the bracket to the barrel The crane ship team is responsible for connecting the bracket and the barrel. The crane ship slowly raises the boom, keeps the lifting force constant during the boom raising process, tightens the figure eight cable, allows the barrel to slowly enter the bracket, and then connects the barrel and the bracket.

[0045] Step 9: Float Tow The anchor boat cooperates with the crane ship to re-move the anchor, and the bucket-type foundation structure is floated and towed to the installation area by the crane ship's anchor climbing method. The moving and towing speed is controlled within 1 knot. The floating lifting force is 2*(50-100)t anchor climbing.

[0046] In this embodiment, the barrel-type foundation structure is specifically composed of a basic barrel body and an upper caisson. The lower barrel is elliptical and the lower barrel structure is a bottomless structure to facilitate subsequent insertion into the soil.

[0047] The scheme of the present invention is applied to a breakwater project in a certain area of ​​Lianyungang. The project adopts a double-ship pulling process for barge unloading. The project is located in a sheltered sea area with hydrological and meteorological conditions and on-site construction conditions.

[0048] The solution of the present invention was applied to another project in Lianyungang. The project has a mountain, and the north side of the mountain faces the open sea. It is greatly affected by monsoons and tropical cyclones, with a large on-site flow rate and high surges. The effect is good after use.

[0049] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0050] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The submerged barge unloading process of the barrel-type foundation structure is characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: after the barrel-type foundation structure with the air-floating platform is moved to the diving position by the semi-submersible vessel, the semi-submersible vessel after anchoring and the crane vessel after anchoring are used to make the barrel-type foundation structure dive at least twice, and when the draft reaches the set height, the connection between the barrel-type foundation structure and the semi-submersible vessel and the crane vessel is released in sequence, and the diving and unloading of the barge is completed; The barrel-type foundation structure forms a dock structure that is submerged and connected to the shore during the barge operation.

2. The submerged unloading process of the barrel-type foundation structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes the installation of the air floating platform, specifically, using hoisting to lift the air floating platform prefabricated in the prefabrication yard to the barrel-type foundation structure to be installed on the semi-submersible vessel, and debugging the air floating platform.

3. The submerged barge unloading process of the barrel-type foundation structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The barrel-type basic structure is a cylinder or an ellipsoid, and the air floating platform is a cubic structure that is arranged away from the center of the cylinder or the ellipsoid.

4. The submerged barge unloading process of the barrel-type foundation structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The barrel-type foundation structure is connected to the semi-submersible vessel through cables and is located on the hull of the semi-submersible vessel.

5. The submerged unloading process of the barrel-type foundation structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes anchoring and fixing of the semi-submersible vessel, specifically: controlling the semi-submersible vessel to move to the diving position, and completing the anchoring and fixing of the semi-submersible vessel at the diving position.

6. The submerged barge unloading process of the barrel-type foundation structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: After the anchoring is fixed, the stern of the semi-submersible vessel forms an anti-collision connection with the barrel-type basic structure through a nylon rope, and the bow of the semi-submersible vessel forms a symmetrical connection with the barrel-type basic structure through a symmetrical nylon cable.

7. The submerged barge unloading process of the barrel-type foundation structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: It also includes the anchoring of the crane vessel, specifically: the crane vessel drops anchor at the diving position, and the anchor cable of the crane vessel forms the downward pressure for the semi-submersible ship to drop anchor.

8. The submerged unloading process of the barrel-type foundation structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two dives are specifically: When the barrel-type foundation structure is in a floating state, the semi-submersible vessel stops diving when it dives to the level of the liquid surface, and the crane ship is hooked with the semi-submersible vessel to complete the first dive; The semi-submersible vessel continues to dive and draft until the bottom of the barrel-type foundation structure is separated from the semi-submersible vessel bracket, and then the semi-submersible vessel is leveled to complete the second dive.

9. The submerged barge unloading process of the barrel-type foundation structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before the first dive, the drain valve of the barrel-type foundation structure is closed and the exhaust valve is opened. After the first dive, the exhaust valve is closed so that the exhaust valve is in a closed state.

10. The submerged unloading process of the barrel-type foundation structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The barrel-type basic structure comprises a barrel body, one end of which is provided with a cover plate, and the other end of which is provided with an opening, and the side of the barrel body with the opening is submerged in the water body.

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