Apparatus for removing phytoplankton using a belt filter

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of algae removal, and particularly relates to a belt type biological filter-feeding device for removing planktonic algae, which comprises a rope body, a plurality of floats arranged on the rope body and floating in a water body, a plurality of biological bins arranged on the rope body, the biological bins being internally provided with filter-feeding organisms and being in communication with the external water body, and a collection bin arranged at the lower end of the biological bin and in communication with the lower end of the biological bin. The belt type biological filter-feeding device for removing planktonic algae is suitable for use in a near-shore area where algae blooms are accumulated due to water flow, wind or other reasons. The filter-feeding effect of the filter-feeding organisms is utilized to filter algae in water. Blue algae which are difficult to digest and utilize can be gathered to form algae groups in the form of pseudo-feces through the filtering effect. The pseudo-feces and excrement of the filter-feeding organisms are deposited into the collection bin under the action of gravity. The concentrated algae in the collection bin are collected periodically, so that the number of algae in water is reduced, and the occurrence of blue algae blooms is controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water treatment, and in particular relates to a belt-type biological filter device for removing phytoplankton. Background Technology

[0002] Algal bloom, also known as eutrophication or algal bloom phenomenon, refers to the phenomenon in which certain algae (especially cyanobacteria) or phytoplankton in a nutrient-rich environment, especially rich in nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, over-proliferate, grow rapidly, and form a large floating algal community on the water surface.

[0003] The presence of algal blooms can cause problems such as water quality deterioration, changes in water color, water toxicity, disruption of ecological balance, and impact on human water resource utilization. Among these, the ecological hazards caused by cyanobacterial blooms are particularly serious.

[0004] Existing algae removal methods mostly employ physical cleaning of algae using algae removal devices. For example, patent CN108049383B, entitled "Automatic Algae Removal Device for Removing Planktonic Algae from Water Bodies," utilizes a filter mounting frame that extends into the water at an adjustable depth. This allows for flexible adjustment of the filter depth based on water level, effectively removing planktonic algae at different depths. Furthermore, the filter can rotate around the mounting frame for continuous 24-hour algae removal, resulting in high efficiency. However, this physical cleaning method, which uses a filter to intercept and remove planktonic algae, does not alter the nutrient environment of the water and cannot fundamentally solve the algal bloom problem. To address these issues, and considering the biodiversity of aquatic organisms, a belt-type biological filter-feeding algae removal device is designed to fundamentally solve the algal bloom problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0006] A belt-type biological filter device for removing phytoplankton includes:

[0007] rope body;

[0008] Multiple floats are mounted on a rope, and the float control device floats in the water.

[0009] Multiple biological chambers are installed on a rope, each containing filter-feeding organisms, and the biological chambers are connected to an external water body.

[0010] A collection chamber is located at the lower end of the biological chamber, and the upper end of the collection chamber is connected to the lower end of the biological chamber.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the biological chamber includes a shell with an opening at the top and a top cover disposed on the top of the shell. The shell has holes 1 on its side walls and bottom, and the top cover has holes 2. The shell is provided with a filter screen 1 covering the holes 1, and the top cover is provided with a filter screen 2 covering the holes 2.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, threaded sections are provided on the upper outer wall of the housing and the inner wall of the cover, and the housing and the cover are threaded together.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the collection chamber includes a shell two with an opening at the top, the bottom of the biological chamber is located inside the opening of the shell two, and the collection chamber and the biological chamber are connected by a hole one.

[0014] The lower end of the second housing has a discharge pipe, and a valve is provided on the discharge pipe;

[0015] The housing 2 has a hole 3, and a filter screen 3 covering the hole 3 is provided on the housing 2.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, threaded sections are provided on the lower outer wall of the first housing and the inner wall of the second housing, and the lower outer wall of the first housing and the second housing are threadedly engaged.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a flow-disrupting mechanism is also included;

[0018] The turbulence-disrupting mechanism includes a rotatably mounted long shaft, which is connected to a side rod via a connector, and a filter screen is disposed between the long shaft and the side rod.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the connector includes a sleeve connected to a long shaft and a long rod connected to a side rod. One end of the long rod is inserted into the inside of the sleeve and slides therewith. A spring is fitted onto one end of the long rod inside the sleeve and an armature is connected thereto. An electromagnet is provided on one side of the armature.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the turbulence mechanism further includes a servo motor. The float has an internal mounting cavity, and the servo motor is installed inside the mounting cavity. The output end of the servo motor is connected to a gear one, and the gear one meshes with a gear two.

[0021] One end of the long shaft extends into the interior of the mounting cavity and is mechanically sealed to the side wall of the mounting cavity. The gear is mounted on the long shaft.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a groove is provided inside one end of the long shaft gear two, the electromagnet is assembled in the groove one, and a groove two is provided on the side wall of the groove one corresponding to the position of the electromagnet.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the upper end of the housing is configured as an upwardly convex arc shape.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] In this technical solution of a belt-type biological filter-feeding device for removing phytoplankton, a float control device is set up to float in the water. Multiple floats and biological chambers are connected by ropes to form a whole. Filter-feeding organisms are placed inside the biological chambers, where phytoplankton enter and are preyed upon. The excrement and pseudofeces of the filter-feeding organisms are collected in a collection chamber. This belt-type biological filter-feeding device is suitable for near-shore areas where algal blooms accumulate due to water flow, wind, or other factors. Utilizing the biodiversity of the aquatic body, filter-feeding organisms filter out small particles, plankton, and organic matter from the water, causing nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to be removed from the water, thus changing the nutrient environment and controlling the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms. Cyanobacteria that are difficult for the filter-feeding organisms to digest can aggregate into algal flocs through filtration. The pseudofeces and excrement of the filter-feeding organisms are deposited into the collection chamber under gravity. By periodically collecting the concentrated algae in the collection chamber, the amount of algae in the water is reduced, fundamentally solving the problem of algal blooms. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the belt-type biofilter for removing phytoplankton in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 2 What is shown is Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the combination of the biological storage chamber and the collection chamber.

[0028] Figure 3 What is shown is Figure 1 A top view of the central spoiler mechanism;

[0029] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the working state of the turbulence mechanism in Embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure A shows a schematic diagram of the major axis rotating counterclockwise.

[0031] Figure B is a schematic diagram of the major axis rotating clockwise.

[0032] Reference numeral: Rope 10;

[0033] Float 20; Mounting cavity 21;

[0034] Bio-bin 30; Filter-feeding organism; Shell 1 31; Hole 1 311; Filter screen 1 32; Top cover 33; Hole 2 331; Filter screen 2 34;

[0035] Collection chamber 40; shell 2 41; hole 3 411; filter screen 3 42; discharge pipe 43; valve 44; turbulence mechanism 50; servo motor 51; gear 1 52; gear 2 53; long shaft 54; slot 1 541; slot 2 542; electromagnet 55; armature 56; long rod 57; spring 58; sleeve 59; side rod 510; filter screen 4 511. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the belt-type biological filter device for removing phytoplankton includes:

[0039] Rope body 10;

[0040] Multiple floats 20 are mounted on the rope 10, and the float control device floats in the water.

[0041] Multiple biological chambers 30 are installed on the rope body 10. The biological chambers 30 are filled with filter-feeding organisms and are connected to the external water body. The filter-feeding organisms are mainly mussels (freshwater mussels, toothless mussels, triangular sail mussels, pleated crown mussels, round pearl mussels, dorsal tubercles, purple-heeled split mussels, etc.), and are supplemented with freshwater clams, Chinese round snails, pear-shaped ringed snails, etc., depending on the water area to which they are released.

[0042] A collection chamber 40 is located at the lower end of the biological chamber 30, and the upper end of the collection chamber 40 is connected to the lower end of the biological chamber 30.

[0043] In the technical solution of this belt-type biological filter-feeding algae removal device, floats 20 are set to control the device to float in the water. A rope 10 is set to connect multiple floats 20 and biological chambers 30 to form a whole. Filter-feeding organisms are placed inside biological chambers 30. Phytoplankton enters the biological chambers 30 and is preyed on by the filter-feeding organisms. The excrement and pseudo-feces of the filter-feeding organisms enter the collection chamber 40. The pseudo-feces are algal clusters formed by the filtration of cyanobacteria that are difficult for the filter-feeding organisms to digest and utilize.

[0044] The belt-type biological filter-feeding device for removing phytoplankton in this technical solution is suitable for nearshore areas where algal blooms accumulate due to water flow, wind, or other factors. Utilizing the biodiversity of aquatic organisms, filter-feeding organisms remove tiny particles, plankton, and organic matter from the water, thus altering the nutrient environment and controlling cyanobacterial blooms. Cyanobacteria that are difficult for the filter-feeding organisms to digest can aggregate into algal flocs through filtration, forming pseudofeces. The pseudofeces and the excrement of the filter-feeding organisms are deposited into a collection chamber under gravity. Regular collection of the concentrated algae in the collection chamber reduces the amount of algae in the water, fundamentally solving the problem of algal blooms.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the bio-bin 30 includes a shell 31 with an opening at the top and a cover 33 disposed on the upper end of the shell 31. Holes 311 are provided on the side walls and bottom of the shell 31, and holes 331 are provided on the cover 33. A filter screen 32 covering the holes 311 is provided on the shell 31, and a filter screen 34 covering the holes 331 is provided on the cover 33. The filter screens 32 and 34 can be made of nylon mesh with a mesh diameter of 1mm-1cm.

[0046] In the bio-bin 30, shell 1 31 serves as the supporting framework, and filter screen 1 32 and filter screen 2 34 form the filter screen chamber. Filter-feeding organisms enter the interior of the filter screen chamber through the upper opening of shell 1 31, while planktonic algae enter the interior of the filter screen chamber through hole 1 311 and filter screen 1 32, hole 2 331 and filter screen 2 34, and are preyed upon by the filter-feeding organisms.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, threaded sections are provided on the upper outer wall of the shell 31 and the inner wall of the cover 33, and the shell 31 and the cover 33 are threaded together; the bio-chamber 30 and the cover 33 are connected by a threaded connection, and the bio-chamber 30 and the cover 33 are easy to install and disassemble, making it convenient to put filter feeders into the bio-chamber 30 or take them out of the bio-chamber 30.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the collection chamber 40 includes a shell 41 with an opening at the top. The bottom of the biological chamber 30 is located inside the opening of the shell 41. The collection chamber 40 and the biological chamber 30 are connected by a hole 311. The lower end of the shell 41 has a discharge pipe 43, and a valve 44 is installed on the discharge pipe 43. The valve 44 is a rust-proof copper ball valve. The shell 41 has a hole 411, and a filter screen 42 covering the hole 411 is installed on the shell 41. The filter screen 42 is a 200-mesh anti-corrosion mesh.

[0049] In the collection chamber 40, shell 2 41 serves as the supporting frame, and filter screen 3 42 is a collection device for fecal matter and excrement. The excrement and fecal matter produced by the filter-feeding organisms enter the interior of the collection chamber 40 through hole 1 311 for collection. After a certain period of time, valve 44 is opened, and the excrement and fecal matter are discharged and collected through discharge pipe 43.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, threaded sections are provided on the lower outer wall of housing 31 and the inner wall of housing 41, and the lower outer wall of housing 31 and housing 41 are threaded together.

[0051] The biological chamber 30 and the collection chamber 40 are connected by a threaded connection between the lower outer wall of the first shell 31 and the second shell 41. The biological chamber 30 and the collection chamber 40 are easy to install and disassemble, and the inside of the collection chamber 40 can be easily cleaned.

[0052] Because phytoplankton are lightweight and mostly float on the water surface or upper part of the water body, and to ensure the survival of filter-feeding organisms inside the biocontainer 30, the biocontainer 30 is usually located below the water surface, which limits the feeding range of the filter-feeding organisms. Therefore, for example... Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the belt-type biological filter-feeding algae removal device is equipped with a turbulence-disrupting mechanism 50; the turbulence-disrupting mechanism 50 includes a rotatably mounted long shaft 54, the long shaft 54 ​​is connected to a side rod 510 through a connector, and a filter screen 511 is provided between the long shaft 54 ​​and the side rod 510.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the long shaft 54 ​​drives the side rod 510 and the filter screen 511 to rotate. The filter screen 511 circulates in and out of the water surface and the water body in sequence, disturbing the water body. At the same time, it drives the phytoplankton floating on the water surface or in the upper part of the water body to move downward, increasing the distribution range of the phytoplankton and improving the predation effect of filter-feeding organisms. The disturbance component is set with the filter screen 511, which drives the movement of phytoplankton, filters out water, and reduces the resistance required for water entry and rotation in the water.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the connector includes a sleeve 59 connected to the long shaft 54 ​​and a long rod 57 connected to the side rod 510. One end of the long rod 57 is inserted into the sleeve 59 and slides therewith. A spring 58 is sleeved on one end of the long rod 57 inside the sleeve 59 and then connected to an armature 56. The two ends of the spring 58 are connected to the sleeve 59 and the armature 56 respectively. An electromagnet 55 is provided on one side of the armature 56.

[0055] When the electromagnet 55 is energized, it generates a magnetic force that attracts the armature 56, causing the long rod 57 and the side rod 510 to move towards the long axis 54. The filter screen 511 is in a retracted state. When the electromagnet 55 is de-energized, the spring 58 causes the long rod 57 and the side rod 510 to move away from the long axis 54, and the filter screen 511 is in an unfolded state.

[0056] The combined structure of the connector, side rod 510, and filter screen 511 is such that filter screen 511 is in an extended state when on the water surface and before entering the water at a 90-120° angle, and in a retracted state after entering the water at a 90-120° angle and before exiting the water. When filter screen 511 is in the extended state, it drives the movement of phytoplankton. When filter screen 511 is in the retracted state, it no longer controls the movement of phytoplankton, avoiding bringing phytoplankton to the surface. After driving phytoplankton into the water for a certain distance, it no longer controls them, ensuring that the phytoplankton as a whole maintains a downward trend, thus ensuring the predation effect of filter-feeding organisms.

[0057] To address the rotation setting requirements of the long shaft 54, such as Figure 3 As shown, the turbulence mechanism 50 also includes a servo motor 51. The float 20 has an internal mounting cavity 21. The servo motor 51 is installed inside the mounting cavity 21. The output end of the servo motor 51 is connected to a gear 52. The gear 52 meshes with a gear 53. One end of the long shaft 54 ​​extends into the interior of the mounting cavity 21 and is mechanically sealed to the side wall of the mounting cavity 21. The gear 53 is sleeved on the long shaft 54.

[0058] When the servo motor 51 is powered on, it drives gear 52 to rotate. Gear 52 meshes with gear 53, causing the long shaft 54 ​​to rotate synchronously. The servo motor 51 can drive the long shaft 54 ​​to rotate alternately in the forward or reverse direction, as shown in the following example. Figure 4 As indicated by the arrow, the turbulence effect of the turbulence mechanism 50 is increased.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, a slot 541 is provided inside one end of the long shaft 54 ​​where the gear 53 is mounted. The electromagnet 55 is mounted in the slot 541. The battery that powers the electromagnet 55 and the control components that control whether the electromagnet 55 is energized can be installed inside the mounting cavity 21. The cable on the electromagnet 55 can be connected to the battery and control components through the slot 541. The sealing fit between the long shaft 54 ​​and the mounting cavity 21, and the sealing fit between the long rod 57 and the sleeve 59, prevent water from entering the interior of the mounting cavity 21 and ensure the safe power supply of the servo motor 51 and the electromagnet 55. A slot 542 is provided on the side wall of the slot 541 corresponding to the position of the electromagnet 55 to improve the attraction ability of the electromagnet 55 to the armature 56.

[0060] Because the belt-type biological filter for removing phytoplankton in this technical solution is installed inside the water body, during water flow, especially after the addition of the flow disturbance mechanism 50, the water flow may cause the biological chamber 30 and the collection chamber 40 to move. To prevent the biological chamber 30 and the collection chamber 40 from affecting the operation of the flow disturbance mechanism 50, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the upper end of the housing 31 is configured as an upwardly convex arc shape.

[0061] When the combined structure of the long shaft 54, side rod 510, and filter screen 511 rotates, if it comes into contact with the upper end of the bio-chamber 30, the bio-chamber 30 will deflect and retract under force because the upper end of the shell 31 is designed to be an upwardly convex arc. Simultaneously, the deflection capability of the bio-chamber 30 increases its positional range, expands the predation range of the filter-feeding organisms inside, and improves the removal of planktonic algae. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit it.

Claims

1. A belt-type biological filter for removing phytoplankton, characterized in that, include: Rope body (10); Multiple floats (20) are set on the rope (10), and the float (20) control device floats in the water; Multiple biological chambers (30) are set on the rope (10), each containing filter-feeding organisms, and the biological chambers (30) are connected to the external water body; A collection chamber (40) is located at the lower end of the biological chamber (30), the upper end of which is connected to the lower end of the biological chamber (30); and a flow disturbance mechanism (50) is also included. The turbulence mechanism (50) includes a rotatably mounted long shaft (54), the long shaft (54) is connected to a side rod (510) via a connector, and a filter screen (511) is provided between the long shaft (54) and the side rod (510). The connector includes a sleeve (59) connected to the long shaft (54) and a long rod (57) connected to the side rod (510). One end of the long rod (57) is inserted into the sleeve (59) and slides therewith. A spring (58) is sleeved on one end of the long rod (57) inside the sleeve (59) and then connected to an armature (56). An electromagnet (55) is provided on one side of the armature (56). The combined structure of the connector, the side rod (510) and the filter screen (511) is such that the filter screen (511) is in an unfolded state when it is on the water surface and before it enters the water at 90-120°. After entering the water at 90-120° and before it exits the water, the filter screen (511) is in a retracted state. The turbulence mechanism (50) also includes a servo motor (51). The float (20) has an installation cavity (21) inside. The servo motor (51) is installed inside the installation cavity (21). The output end of the servo motor (51) is connected to a gear one (52). The gear one (52) meshes with a gear two (53). One end of the long shaft (54) extends into the interior of the mounting cavity (21) and is mechanically sealed with the side wall of the mounting cavity (21). The gear two (53) is sleeved on the long shaft (54).

2. The belt-type biological filter for removing phytoplankton according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bio-bin (30) includes a shell (31) with an opening at the top and a cover (33) on the top of the shell (31). The shell (31) has holes (311) on its side walls and bottom. The cover (33) has holes (331). The shell (31) has a filter screen (32) covering the holes (311). The cover (33) has a filter screen (34) covering the holes (331).

3. The belt-type biological filter for removing phytoplankton according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the upper end of the housing (31) and the inner wall of the cover (33) are both provided with threaded sections, and the housing (31) and the cover (33) are threaded together.

4. The belt-type biological filter-feeding device for removing phytoplankton according to claim 2, characterized in that, The collection chamber (40) includes a shell two (41) with an opening at the top, and the bottom of the biological chamber (30) is located inside the opening of the shell two (41). The collection chamber (40) and the biological chamber (30) are connected by a hole one (311). The lower end of the housing 2 (41) has a discharge pipe (43), and a valve (44) is provided on the discharge pipe (43). The housing 2 (41) has a hole 3 (411) and a filter screen 3 (42) covering the hole 3 (411) is provided on the housing 2 (41).

5. The belt-type biological filter-feeding device for removing phytoplankton according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the lower outer wall of the first housing (31) and the inner wall of the second housing (41) are provided with threaded sections, and the lower outer wall of the first housing (31) and the second housing (41) are threaded together.

6. The belt-type biological filter-feeding device for removing phytoplankton according to claim 1, characterized in that, The long shaft (54) is equipped with a slot 1 (541) inside one end of the gear 2 (53), and the electromagnet (55) is assembled in the slot 1 (541). The slot 2 (542) is opened on the side wall of the slot 1 (541) corresponding to the position of the electromagnet (55).

7. The belt-type biological filter-feeding device for removing phytoplankton according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of the housing (31) is configured as an upwardly convex arc.

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