Sludge treatment system with integrated microbial fuel cell and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment and resource utilization, in particular to a sludge treatment system with an integrated microbial fuel cell and a treatment method of the sludge treatment system. A first cathode plate matched with the sludge compression chamber is arranged at the other end in the sludge compression chamber in a sliding mode, a driving mechanism used for driving the first cathode plate to be close to or away from the first anode plate is arranged on the sludge compression chamber, and a sludge discharge port is formed in the lower portion of the sludge compression chamber. The chlorine salt and the tannic acid are added into the sludge in the pretreatment barrel, the chlorine salt is used for improving the electrochemical wall breaking effect of the sludge, the tannic acid is used for improving the dewatering performance of the sludge and reducing the hydrothermal dewatering temperature, the chlorine salt and the tannic acid are mixed in the pretreatment barrel and then enter the fuel tank for chemical reaction, electric energy is generated, and electric power is provided for the storage battery; the microorganisms can degrade organic matters in the sludge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment and resource utilization, and in particular to a sludge treatment system with an integrated microbial fuel cell and a treatment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sludge, as an inevitable byproduct of sewage treatment, has become a hot topic and a difficult point in current research for its efficient and environmentally friendly treatment technology. In traditional sludge treatment processes, the dehydration and drying units consume a huge amount of energy, accounting for 44% to 82% of the total energy consumption of the system, becoming a key factor restricting energy conservation and emission reduction in sewage treatment plants.

[0003] Common sludge dewatering devices on the market, such as belt filter press, screw-type sludge dewatering machine, plate and frame filter press, etc., can achieve sludge dewatering through pressure extrusion, but generally have problems such as low dewatering efficiency, high water content of sludge after treatment, and inconvenience in subsequent transportation and disposal. These problems not only increase the operating costs of sewage treatment plants, but may also cause secondary pollution, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the environment.

[0004] Therefore, how to innovate sludge treatment technology, improve dehydration efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and achieve sludge reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization has become an important issue that needs to be solved in current sewage treatment plants. In this context, the present invention proposes a sludge treatment system with an integrated microbial fuel cell and a treatment method thereof, aiming to achieve efficient, energy-saving and environmentally friendly treatment of sludge through advanced technical means. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to solve the problems of low dehydration efficiency and high energy consumption in the traditional sludge treatment process, a sludge treatment system with an integrated microbial fuel cell and a treatment method thereof are provided.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a sludge treatment system with an integrated microbial fuel cell, comprising a sludge compression chamber and a pretreatment unit, wherein a first anode plate is arranged at one end of the sludge compression chamber, and a first cathode plate matching the first anode plate is slidably arranged at the other end of the sludge compression chamber, a driving mechanism for driving the first cathode electrode plate to approach or move away from the first anode electrode plate is arranged on the sludge compression chamber, and a sludge discharge port is arranged below the sludge compression chamber;

[0007] The pretreatment unit includes a pretreatment barrel, a fuel tank and a battery. A stirring mechanism and a heating mechanism are arranged in the pretreatment barrel. A second anode plate, a second cathode plate and an ion exchange membrane are arranged in the fuel tank. The ion exchange membrane divides the fuel tank into a first chamber and a second chamber. The second anode is located in the first chamber, and the second cathode plate is located in the second chamber. The battery is respectively connected to the first anode plate, the second anode plate, the first cathode plate and the second cathode plate. The pretreatment barrel is connected to the first chamber. The second anode plate and the second cathode plate are used to transmit the electric energy generated in the reaction to the battery for energy storage. The battery is used to transmit electric energy to the first anode plate and the first cathode plate. The first chamber and the second chamber are both connected to the outside, and the bottom of the first chamber is connected to the sludge compression chamber. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention first pre-treats the sludge by a pre-treatment unit to improve the dehydration performance of the sludge and reduce the hydrothermal dehydration temperature, thereby increasing the extrusion force on the sludge, thereby improving the subsequent sludge extrusion dehydration efficiency. At the same time, the pre-treatment unit generates electrical energy through chemical reaction with the sludge and stores the energy in a battery, which then supplies power to the first anode plate and the first cathode plate to achieve self-sufficiency.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments, the sludge compression chamber is provided with a connection port, the connection port is used to connect the first cavity with the sludge compression chamber, and a filter plate is installed on the connection port. The filter plate mainly plays a filtering role in the sludge treatment system, and is installed on the connection port to prevent the sludge from directly entering the sludge compression chamber. At the same time, it allows the liquid or smaller particles in the pretreated sludge to pass through, while larger solid particles or impurities are intercepted by the filter plate, ensuring that the sludge entering the sludge compression chamber has been purified to a certain extent, which is helpful for the subsequent electrolysis and dehydration process.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, the upper cover of the pretreatment barrel is provided with a sealing cover, the stirring mechanism is installed on the sealing cover, and a sealed cavity is formed between the sealing cover and the pretreatment barrel. Since the sludge and the added chemical substances such as chloride salt and tannic acid need to be mixed and reacted at a certain temperature during the pretreatment process, the sealing cover can effectively prevent these substances from volatilizing or leaking into the environment during the heating and stirring process, thereby avoiding potential harm to operators and pollution to the surrounding environment.

[0010] In order to facilitate the treatment of the dehydrated sludge, some preferred embodiments further include a water outlet pipe and a mud delivery pipe, wherein the water outlet pipe is connected to the mud discharge port, one end of the mud delivery pipe is connected to the water outlet pipe, and the other end of the mud delivery pipe is connected to a mud storage hopper, and the water outlet pipe is provided with a plurality of drainage holes. The drainage holes are used to discharge the water generated during squeezing.

[0011] In order to facilitate the control of the sludge in the pretreatment barrel, in some preferred embodiments, the pretreatment barrel and the first chamber are connected via an external pipe, and a valve is provided on the external pipe.

[0012] In order to ensure that the first anode plate and the second cathode plate operate stably and reliably, in some preferred embodiments, the first anode plate and the first cathode plate are both made of lead dioxide, so that the first anode plate and the second cathode plate have good electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, the second anode plate is made of carbon cloth or graphite felt, and the second cathode plate is a titanium mesh with a platinum-carbon catalyst coating. The second anode plate has high conductivity, good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, and the second cathode plate has high catalytic activity and stability.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, the ion exchange membrane is a Nafion membrane, which has high selectivity and permeability to ensure high performance and stability of the biofuel cell.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments, the fuel tank is provided with an input pipe and an output end, the input pipe is communicated with the second cavity and with an external gas source for transporting oxygen, and the output pipe is communicated with the first cavity.

[0016] A treatment method using the above-mentioned sludge treatment system with an integrated microbial fuel cell, the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0017] S1. Chloride salt, tannic acid and sludge are added into a pretreatment barrel, mixed by a stirring mechanism and heated by a heating mechanism to break the cell walls of microorganisms in the sludge and release the water and organic matter in the cells;

[0018] S2. After the mixing is completed, it is transported to the first chamber of the fuel chamber. The first anode plate in the first chamber contacts the sludge. The microorganisms oxidize the organic matter in the sludge through metabolic activities and produce electrons, protons and carbon dioxide, and transport oxygen to the second chamber. Oxygen serves as an electron acceptor. At the same time, protons pass through the ion exchange membrane and combine with electrons transmitted from the second cathode plate through the external circuit to generate a reduction reaction to generate water. The chemical reactions between the sludge and the second anode plate, and between the protons and the second cathode plate release electrons. The electrons flow to generate electrical energy and store it in the battery.

[0019] S3, the treated sludge enters the sludge compression chamber, and the first cathode plate is driven to move toward the first anode plate by the driving mechanism. At the same time, the first anode plate and the first cathode plate are powered by the battery to squeeze and electrolyze the sludge in the sludge compression chamber to achieve sludge dehydration;

[0020] S4. The dehydrated sludge enters the drainage pipe through the mud discharge port at the bottom, and then enters the mud storage hopper through the mud delivery pipe.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when the sludge treatment system with integrated microbial fuel cells and the treatment method thereof are used, chloride salt and tannic acid are added to the sludge in the pretreatment barrel, the chloride salt is used to improve the electrochemical wall breaking effect of the sludge, and the tannic acid is used to improve the dehydration performance of the sludge and reduce the hydrothermal dehydration temperature, and the sludge is mixed in the pretreatment barrel, and then enters the fuel tank for chemical reaction and generates electrical energy to provide power for the battery, the microorganisms can degrade organic matter in the sludge, and the utilization rate of the organic matter in the sludge is improved, the microbial fuel cell is combined with the electrolytic dehydration technology, and the electrical energy generated by the microbial fuel cell is used to directly power the electrolysis process, so as to achieve energy self-sufficiency, reduce external energy dependence, and reduce energy consumption, and then the sludge is sent to the sludge compression chamber for extrusion and electrolytic dehydration, the first anode plate and the first cathode plate have a heating function for the sludge, and the water vaporization expansion on the electrode surface greatly improves the extrusion force on the sludge, and the deeper dehydration of the sludge is achieved, avoiding the problems of low dehydration efficiency and high energy consumption in the traditional sludge treatment process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of middle A;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of B.

[0026] In the figure: 1, sludge compression chamber, 2, first anode plate, 3, first cathode plate, 4, driving mechanism, 5, mud discharge port, 6, pretreatment barrel, 7, fuel tank, 8, battery, 9, stirring mechanism, 10, heating mechanism, 11, second anode plate, 12, second cathode plate, 13, ion exchange membrane, 14, first cavity, 15, second cavity, 16, connecting port, 17, filter plate, 18, sealing cover, 19, water outlet pipe, 20, mud delivery pipe, 21, mud storage bucket, 22, drainage hole, 23, valve, 24, input pipe, 25, output end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0028] The present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. A person skilled in the art can implement the present invention in various other specific embodiments according to the contents disclosed in the present invention, or any simple changes or modifications made to the design structure and ideas of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a sludge treatment system with an integrated microbial fuel cell includes a sludge compression chamber 1, a pretreatment unit, a water outlet pipe 19 and a sludge delivery pipe 20, a first anode plate 2 is arranged at one end of the sludge compression chamber 1, a first cathode plate 3 matching the anode plate 2 is slidably arranged at the other end of the sludge compression chamber 1, the first anode plate 2 and the first cathode plate 3 are arranged relatively, a driving mechanism 4 is arranged on the sludge compression chamber 1, the driving mechanism 4 is used to drive the cathode electrode plate to approach or move away from the anode electrode plate, so as to achieve electrolysis and extrusion dehydration of the sludge in the compression chamber, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism 4 is a cylinder, and it can also be an electric push rod in addition to the cylinder, a sludge discharge port 5 is arranged below the sludge compression chamber 1, the sludge discharge port 5 is used to discharge the dehydrated sludge in the sludge compression chamber 1, and to discharge the water during extrusion, the water outlet pipe 19 is connected to the sludge discharge port 5, one end of the sludge delivery pipe 20 is connected to the water outlet pipe 19, the other end of the sludge delivery pipe 20 is connected to a sludge storage hopper 21, and a plurality of drainage holes 22 are arranged on the water outlet pipe 19;

[0031] The pretreatment unit includes a pretreatment barrel 6, a fuel tank 7 and a battery 8. A stirring mechanism 9 and a heating mechanism 10 are arranged in the pretreatment barrel 6. In this embodiment, the stirring mechanism 9 includes a motor for driving a stirring paddle to rotate the stirring paddle. The heating mechanism 10 is a motor heat pipe. A second anode plate 11, a second cathode plate 12 and an ion exchange membrane 13 are arranged in the fuel tank 7. The ion exchange membrane 13 divides the fuel tank 7 into a first cavity 14 and a second cavity 15. The second anode is located in the first cavity 14, and the second cathode plate 12 is located in the second cavity 15. The battery 8 is connected to the first anode plate 2, the second anode plate 11, the first cathode plate 3 and the second cathode plate 12 respectively. The pretreatment barrel 6 and the first The first and second cavities 14 and 15 are connected to each other, and the second anode plate 11 and the second cathode plate 12 are used to transmit the electric energy generated in the reaction to the battery 8 for energy storage. The battery 8 is used to transmit electric energy to the first anode plate 2 and the first cathode plate 3. The first cavity 14 and the second cavity 15 are both connected to the outside. A connecting port 16 is provided on the sludge compression chamber 1. The connecting port 16 is used to connect the first cavity 14 with the inside of the sludge compression chamber 1. A filter plate 17 is installed on the connecting port 16 to realize the connection between the bottom of the first cavity 14 and the inside of the sludge compression chamber 1. An input pipe 24 and an output end 25 are provided on the fuel tank 7. The input pipe 24 is connected to the second cavity 15 and is connected to an external gas source for transmitting oxygen, and the output pipe is connected to the first cavity 14.

[0032] The upper cover of the pretreatment barrel 6 is provided with a sealing cover 18 , and the stirring mechanism 9 is installed on the sealing cover 18 .

[0033] The pretreatment barrel 6 and the first chamber 14 are connected via an external pipeline, and a valve 23 is provided on the external pipeline.

[0034] The first anode plate 2 and the first cathode plate 3 are both made of lead dioxide.

[0035] The second anode plate 11 is made of carbon cloth or graphite felt, and the second cathode plate 12 is a titanium mesh having a platinum-carbon catalyst coating thereon.

[0036] The ion exchange membrane 13 adopts Nafion membrane, which is a high-performance ion exchange membrane 13. The Nafion membrane is mainly composed of a polytetrafluoroethylene skeleton and a proton exchange group. The main function of the ion exchange membrane 13 is to separate the two chambers of the fuel tank 7, allowing specific ions or molecules to pass through while preventing other substances from passing through. Under normal circumstances, the ion exchange membrane 13 should be able to effectively prevent the passage of sludge or other macromolecular substances.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] Example 2 is a treatment method of Example 1, specifically: a treatment method using the above-mentioned sludge treatment system with an integrated microbial fuel cell, and the specific operating steps are as follows:

[0039] S1, adding chloride salt, tannic acid and sludge into the pretreatment barrel 6, mixing by the stirring mechanism 9, and heating by the heating mechanism 10, and performing a short-time hydrothermal treatment at a low temperature. The low temperature in this embodiment is 160° C., and the chloride salt effectively breaks the cell wall of microorganisms in the sludge, releasing the water and organic matter in the cells, thereby improving the dehydration efficiency of subsequent electrolysis and mechanical extrusion, and reducing the energy consumption required for electrolysis;

[0040] S2, after the mixing is completed, it is transported to the first chamber 14 of the fuel chamber, the first anode plate 2 in the first chamber 14 contacts the sludge, the microorganisms oxidize the organic matter in the sludge through metabolic activities and produce electrons, protons and carbon dioxide, and transport oxygen to the second chamber, the oxygen serves as an electron acceptor, and at the same time, the protons pass through the ion exchange membrane 13 and combine with the electrons transmitted by the second cathode plate 12 through the external circuit, a reduction reaction occurs, and water is generated. Therefore, the chemical reactions between the sludge and the second anode plate 11, and between the protons, molecules, etc. and the second cathode plate 12 release electrons, and the electrons flow to generate electrical energy and store it in the battery 8, thus forming a microbial fuel cell;

[0041] S3. The treated sludge enters the sludge compression chamber 1 through the filter plate 17, and the first cathode plate 3 is driven by the driving mechanism 4 to move toward the first anode plate 2. At the same time, the first anode plate 2 and the first cathode plate 3 are powered by the battery 8, and the voltage range between the first anode plate 2 and the first cathode plate 3 is set between 20 and 35V. The sludge in the sludge compression chamber 1 is squeezed and electrolyzed. The first anode plate 2 and the first cathode plate 3 have a heating function for the sludge. The water vaporization expansion on the contact surface of the first anode plate 2 and the first cathode plate 3 greatly increases the squeezing force of the sludge, and realizes deeper dehydration of the sludge. At the same time, when the sludge is squeezed between the first anode plate 2 and the first cathode plate 3, the water in the sludge is electrolyzed under the action of the electric field to produce hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. Due to the electrolysis and the reaction of the complex components in the sludge , hydroxyl radicals will be generated. Hydroxyl radicals can penetrate the cell wall of microorganisms, destroy its structure, cause the cell wall to rupture, and release the substances in the cell, thereby accelerating the decomposition and mineralization process of sludge. Once the cell wall is ruptured, hydroxyl radicals will further oxidize organic substances such as proteins and nucleic acids in the cells, decomposing them into small molecules, such as carbon dioxide, water and other inorganic substances, and help reduce the organic load in the sludge and improve the biodegradability of the sludge. The strong oxidizing property of hydroxyl radicals can also kill harmful bacteria and viruses in the sludge, reduce the biological toxicity of the sludge, and make it safer and easier to handle. Furthermore, a limit switch is provided on the right side of the first anode plate 2. The limit switch is used to automatically stop the cylinder at the driving mechanism 4 when the first cathode plate 3 touches the limit switch on the first anode plate 2, so as to prevent excessive extrusion;

[0042] S4. The dehydrated sludge enters the drain pipe through the mud outlet 5 below, and then enters the mud storage hopper 21 through the mud conveying pipe 20. The microbial fuel cell is combined with the electrolytic dehydration technology, and the electricity generated by the microbial fuel cell is used to directly power the electrolysis process, so as to achieve energy self-sufficiency and reduce external energy dependence. The microorganisms in the microbial fuel cell can degrade organic matter in the sludge, produce electricity and by-products such as carbon dioxide, and promote the effective utilization of organic matter in the sludge.

[0043] The above-mentioned ideal embodiments of the present invention are for inspiration. Through the above-mentioned description, relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of ​​the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A sludge treatment system with an integrated microbial fuel cell, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sludge compression chamber (1) and a pretreatment unit, wherein a first anode plate (2) is arranged at one end of the sludge compression chamber (1), a first cathode plate (3) matching the first anode plate (2) is slidably arranged at the other end of the sludge compression chamber (1), a driving mechanism (4) for driving the first cathode electrode plate (2) to move closer to or away from the first anode electrode plate (3) is arranged on the sludge compression chamber (1), and a sludge discharge port (5) is arranged below the sludge compression chamber (1); The pretreatment unit comprises a pretreatment barrel (6), a fuel tank (7) and a storage battery (8); a stirring mechanism (9) and a heating mechanism (10) are arranged in the pretreatment barrel (6); a second anode plate (11), a second cathode plate (12) and an ion exchange membrane (13) are arranged in the fuel tank (7); the ion exchange membrane (13) divides the fuel tank (7) into a first chamber (14) and a second chamber (15); the second anode is located in the first chamber (14), the second cathode plate (12) is located in the second chamber (15); and the storage battery (8) is respectively The pretreatment barrel (6) is connected to a first anode plate (2), a second anode plate (11), a first cathode plate (3) and a second cathode plate (12); the pretreatment barrel (6) is connected to a first chamber (14); the second anode plate (11) and the second cathode plate (12) are used to transmit the electric energy generated in the reaction to a storage battery (8) for energy storage; the storage battery (8) is used to transmit electric energy to the first anode plate (2) and the first cathode plate (3); the first chamber (14) and the second chamber (15) are both connected to the outside; and the bottom of the first chamber (14) is connected to the inside of a sludge compression chamber (1).

2. The sludge treatment system with integrated microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sludge compression chamber (1) is provided with a connection port (16), the connection port (16) is used to connect the first cavity (14) and the sludge compression chamber (1), and a filter plate (17) is installed on the connection port (16).

3. The sludge treatment system with integrated microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover of the pretreatment barrel (6) is provided with a sealing cover (18), and the stirring mechanism (9) is installed on the sealing cover (18).

4. The sludge treatment system with integrated microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a water outlet pipe (19) and a mud delivery pipe (20), wherein the water outlet pipe (19) is connected to the mud discharge port (5), one end of the mud delivery pipe (20) is connected to the water outlet pipe (19), and the other end of the mud delivery pipe (20) is connected to a mud storage bucket (21), and a plurality of drainage holes (22) are provided on the water outlet pipe (19).

5. The sludge treatment system with integrated microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment barrel (6) and the first chamber (14) are connected via an external pipeline, and a valve (23) is provided on the external pipeline.

6. The sludge treatment system with integrated microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first anode plate (2) and the first cathode plate (3) are both made of lead dioxide.

7. The sludge treatment system with integrated microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second anode plate (11) is made of carbon cloth or graphite felt, and the second cathode plate (12) is a titanium mesh having a platinum-carbon catalyst coating thereon.

8. The sludge treatment system with integrated microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion exchange membrane (13) is a Nafion membrane.

9. The sludge treatment system with integrated microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel tank (7) is provided with an input pipe (24) and an output end (25), wherein the input pipe (24) is in communication with the second chamber (15) and with an external gas source for transporting oxygen, and the output pipe is in communication with the first chamber (14).

10. A treatment method using the sludge treatment system with an integrated microbial fuel cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1, adding chloride salt, tannic acid and sludge into a pretreatment barrel (6), mixing them by a stirring mechanism (9), and heating them by a heating mechanism (10), so as to break down the cell walls of microorganisms in the sludge and release the water and organic matter in the cells; S2, after the mixing is completed, it is transported to the first chamber (14) of the fuel chamber, the first anode plate (2) in the first chamber (14) contacts the sludge, the microorganisms oxidize the organic matter in the sludge through metabolic activities and produce electrons, protons and carbon dioxide, and transport oxygen to the second chamber, the oxygen serves as an electron acceptor, and at the same time, the protons pass through the ion exchange membrane (13) and combine with the electrons transmitted by the second cathode plate (12) through the external circuit, a reduction reaction occurs, and water is generated. The chemical reactions between the sludge and the second anode plate (11) and between the protons and the second cathode plate (12) release electrons, and the electrons flow to generate electrical energy and store it in the storage battery (8); S3, the treated sludge enters the sludge compression chamber (1), and the first cathode plate (3) is driven by the driving mechanism (4) to move toward the first anode plate (2), and at the same time, the first anode plate (2) and the first cathode plate (3) are powered by the storage battery (8), so as to squeeze and electrolyze the sludge in the sludge compression chamber (1) to achieve dehydration of the sludge; S4. The dehydrated sludge enters the drainage pipe through the mud discharge port (5) at the bottom, and then enters the mud storage hopper (21) through the mud delivery pipe (20).

Images