Disposal device for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method

Abstract

The invention relates to a treatment device for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure by a continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method, which comprises a hydrothermal reaction subsystem, a flash evaporation filter pressing subsystem and a fulvic acid desalting subsystem, and a wet method pulping subsystem is connected with the hydrothermal reaction subsystem through a high-pressure feeding pump; the hydrothermal reaction subsystem is connected with a feed port of the depressurization flash tower through the tower bottom of the tower-type delay reactor, and the flash pressure filtration subsystem is connected with the fulvic acid desalination subsystem through a liquid phase outlet of a filter press, so that a safe, clean and efficient treatment system for the livestock and poultry manure is formed, and green returning of the livestock and poultry manure in the breeding industry to the field is realized.

Description

1. Technical Field

[0001] The invention provides a device for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method for livestock and poultry excrement, and relates to the field of chemical industry. 2. Background technology

[0002] With the rapid development of animal husbandry, the scale and density of livestock and poultry farming have greatly increased, and the resulting livestock and poultry manure pollution has continued to intensify. Livestock manure contains antibiotics, parasite eggs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses and weed seeds. It also contains a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and heavy metal elements (copper, zinc, arsenic, etc.) and salt. If it is not treated in time, on the one hand, it will cause serious crop diseases, insect pests and weeds after use in farmland, causing a lot of pollution to land and water resources. On the other hand, it brings food safety problems and air pollution caused by odor, which has not only become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of animal husbandry and agriculture, but also poses a great challenge to rural environmental governance.

[0003] Returning livestock and poultry manure to the fields is the fundamental way out and a fundamental solution to the problem of livestock and poultry breeding pollution. The existing high-temperature composting or fermentation of livestock and poultry manure to produce organic fertilizer is difficult to kill antibiotics, parasite eggs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses and weed seeds because the temperature does not exceed 80°C, making it difficult to achieve safe, clean and efficient green return to the fields. Livestock and poultry manure contains rich organic matter and nutrients. As a cultivation matrix, it can provide plants with the necessary nutrients, promote plant growth and development, and increase yield and quality. There are a large number of beneficial microorganisms in livestock and poultry manure. By using it as a cultivation matrix, it can provide nutrition and suitable environmental conditions for the cultivation of microorganisms, and be used for the research and development and production of biological preparations or biofertilizers. Therefore, it is urgent to develop production processes and equipment technologies that can transform it into matrix materials suitable for plant or microbial growth, so as to achieve the effective utilization of organic matter and nutrients in livestock and poultry manure. 3. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the existing livestock and poultry manure production organic fertilizer and cultivation substrate technology and to invent a livestock and poultry manure continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method to prepare artificial peat and fulvic acid treatment device, utilize electromagnetic pipeline reactor and tower delayed reactor high temperature and high pressure hydrothermal decomposition and kill antibiotics, parasite eggs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses and weed seeds in livestock and poultry manure, utilize the property of difficultly dissolving salt in supercritical water in supercritical sedimentator to remove heavy metal elements and salt in hydrolyzed fulvic acid, eradicate the two major problems of antibiotics and pests and diseases, heavy metals and salt damage that are difficult to solve in the existing livestock and poultry manure production organic fertilizer process, and ensure the safe, clean and efficient treatment and green return of livestock and poultry manure to the field.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0006] A device for treating livestock and poultry manure by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid, wherein the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank is connected with the heat exchanger, the electromagnetic pipeline reactor and the tower delay reactor in sequence through a high-pressure feed pump, and the heat exchanger is connected with the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank to form a hydrothermal reaction subsystem, wherein the concentration of livestock and poultry manure after modulation is 10%-40%, the flow rate in the electromagnetic pipeline reactor is 1-5 m / s, the reaction temperature is 200-330°C, the pressure is ≥ the saturated pressure of water at the reaction temperature, the reaction time is 1-90 seconds, and the reaction time in the tower delay reactor is 10-50 minutes; the top of the pressure-reducing flash tower is connected to the heat exchanger , the bottom of the tower is connected to a filter to form a flash evaporation and filtration subsystem, and the pressure at the top of the pressure-reducing flash evaporation tower is normal pressure - 30KPa; the tubular heater, supercritical settler and desalting tank constitute the fulvic acid desalting subsystem, and the temperature in the tubular heater and the supercritical settler is above 380°C; the wet pulping subsystem is connected to the hydrothermal reaction subsystem through a high-pressure feed pump, the hydrothermal reaction subsystem is connected to the feed port of the pressure-reducing flash evaporation tower through the bottom of the tower delayed reactor, and the flash evaporation and filtration subsystem is connected to the fulvic acid desalting subsystem through the liquid phase outlet of the filter press, forming a safe, clean and efficient disposal system for livestock and poultry manure, and realizing the green return of livestock and poultry manure to the fields in the breeding industry.

[0007] Among them, the electromagnetic heating tubular reactor is a tubular reactor in which, under the action of the electromagnetic heating controller, high-frequency alternating current generates an alternating magnetic field through the coil, and the tubular reactor wall and the internal self-mixing strengthening internal components generate eddy current self-heating, thereby achieving uniform heating, rapid temperature rise and hydrothermal reaction of the high-pressure alkaline slurry; the self-mixing strengthening internal components are regular packing type, X-cross plate type or spiral plate type.

[0008] The tower delayed reactor has a height-to-diameter ratio of 3-30:1, and has filler components, grid self-mixing components or an empty tower inside.

[0009] The flash tower is set to 1-2 stages, and the heat exchanger for cooling and liquefying the flash high-temperature steam is a coil heat exchanger.

[0010] The bottom of the supercritical settler is connected to two or more desalting tanks through a cut-off valve.

[0011] The present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments. 4. Description of the drawings

[0012] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0013] Attached Figure 1 The following is a description of the drawings:

[0014] 1. High-pressure feed pump 2. Livestock and poultry manure concentration tank 3. Heat exchanger 4. Electromagnetic heating tubular reactor 5. Electromagnetic heating regulator 6. Tower delayed reactor 7. Pressure-reducing flash tower 8. Filter press 9. Tubular heater 10. Supercritical settler 11. Desalting tank A, livestock and poultry manure inlet B, artificial peat outlet C, fulvic acid outlet

[0015] The process characteristics of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. 5. Specific implementation methods

[0016] Embodiment, the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank (2) is connected to the heat exchanger (3), the electromagnetic pipeline reactor (4) and the tower delay reactor (5) in sequence through the high-pressure feed pump (1), the heat exchanger (3) is connected to the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank (2), and a hydrothermal reaction subsystem is formed, wherein the concentration of the livestock and poultry manure after conditioning is 10%-40%, the flow rate in the electromagnetic pipeline reactor (4) is 1-5 m / s, the reaction temperature is 200-330°C, the pressure is ≥ the saturated pressure of water at the reaction temperature, the reaction time is 1-90 seconds, and the reaction time in the tower delay reactor (6) is 10-50 minutes; the top of the pressure-reducing flash tower (7) is connected to the heat exchanger (3), and the bottom of the tower is connected to the filter press (8) to form The flash evaporation and filtration subsystem has a top pressure of a pressure-reducing flash evaporation tower (7) of normal pressure-30 KPa; the tubular heater (9), the supercritical settler (10) and the desalting tank (11) constitute a humic acid desalting subsystem, and the temperature in the tubular heater (9) and the supercritical settler (10) is above 380°C; the wet pulping subsystem is connected to the hydrothermal reaction subsystem via a high-pressure feed pump (1), the hydrothermal reaction subsystem is connected to the feed port of the pressure-reducing flash evaporation tower (7) via the bottom of a tower-type delayed reactor (6), and the flash evaporation and filtration subsystem is connected to the humic acid desalting subsystem via the liquid phase outlet of a filter press (8), thereby forming a safe, clean and efficient disposal system for livestock and poultry manure and waste, and realizing the green return of livestock and poultry manure and waste to fields in the breeding industry.

[0017] The electromagnetic heating tubular reactor (4) is a tubular reactor in which, under the action of the electromagnetic heating controller (5), high-frequency alternating current generates an alternating magnetic field through the coil, and the tubular reactor wall and the internal self-mixing strengthening internal components generate eddy current self-heating, thereby achieving uniform heating, rapid temperature rise and hydrothermal reaction of the high-pressure alkaline slurry; the self-mixing strengthening internal components are regular packing type, X-cross plate type or spiral plate type.

[0018] The tower delayed reactor (6) has a height-to-diameter ratio of 3-30:1, and has a filler component, a grid self-mixing component or an empty tower inside.

[0019] The pressure-reducing flash tower (7) is set to 1-2 stages, and the heat exchanger (3) for cooling and liquefying the flash high-temperature steam is a coil-type heat exchanger.

[0020] The bottom of the supercritical settler (10) is connected to two or more desalting tanks (11) via a cut-off valve.

[0021] Specific operation: A method for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure by high-pressure hydrothermal method in the livestock and poultry manure industry, wherein the concentration of livestock and poultry manure added from the livestock and poultry manure inlet A in the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank (2) is adjusted to 10%-40%, and then the liquid is pressurized by a high-pressure feed pump (1) and sent to an electromagnetic pipeline reactor (4) for hydrothermal decomposition reaction, wherein the flow rate in the tube is 1-5 m / s, the reaction temperature is 200-330°C, the pressure is ≥ the saturated pressure of water at the reaction temperature, and the reaction time is 1-90 seconds; and then the liquid is sent to a tower delay reactor (6) for a reaction time of 10- The hydrothermal decomposition reaction is further intensified for 50 minutes; then the hydrothermal reaction slurry at the bottom of the tower delayed reactor (6) is separated into gas and solid by a pressure-reducing flash tower (7); the gas phase enters the heat exchanger (3) for cooling and liquefaction, and part of the flash condensate is circulated back to the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank (2); the solid slurry is separated by a filter press (8); the solid is filtered to obtain an artificial peat product, and the filtrate is pumped into a tubular heater (9) again by a high-pressure pump to raise the temperature to above 380°C and then desalted in a supercritical sedimentator (10); the salt is separated from the desalting tank (11), and the filtrate is mixed with the remaining part of the flash condensate to obtain a humic acid product after the waste heat is recovered.

[0022] The reaction conditions and experimental results are as follows: a 30wt% livestock and poultry manure solution is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction in an electromagnetic pipeline reactor at a flow rate of 2 m / s, a temperature of 280°C, and a pressure of 2.7 MPa for 10 seconds, and then a delayed reaction is carried out in a tower delayed reactor for 50 minutes; the filtrate is again sent to a tubular heater and a supercritical settler by a high-pressure pump to be heated to 380°C for desalination, the yield of artificial peat with a brown and black humic acid content of 46.5% is 15%, and the rest is fulvic acid with a concentration of 21%. The products do not contain antibiotics, parasite eggs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, weed seeds, heavy metal elements and salts.

[0023] The device for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method from livestock and poultry manure provided by the present invention performs electromagnetic heating pipeline high-pressure hydrothermal decomposition, strengthens hydrothermal decomposition and kills antibiotics, parasite eggs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses and weed seeds in livestock manure in a tower delayed reactor, and then flash separates them, and then utilizes the property of supercritical water that salt is difficult to dissolve to remove heavy metal elements and salt in hydrothermally decomposed fulvic acid, so as to obtain fulvic acid with an artificial peat yield of more than 48% (dry basis yield) and a pH value of 3-4, which is the same as that of natural peat, and reduces electromagnetic heating energy consumption by 30%, eradicates the two major problems of antibiotics and pests and diseases, and heavy metals and salt damage, which are difficult to solve in the existing livestock and poultry manure production organic fertilizer process, and ensures safe, clean and efficient disposal and green return of livestock and poultry manure.

Claims

1. A device for producing artificial peat and fulvic acid by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method for livestock and poultry manure, characterized in that The livestock and poultry manure concentration tank is connected to the heat exchanger, the electromagnetic pipeline reactor and the tower delay reactor in sequence through a high-pressure feed pump. The heat exchanger is connected to the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank to form a hydrothermal reaction subsystem, wherein the concentration of livestock and poultry manure after modulation is 10%-40%, the flow rate in the electromagnetic pipeline reactor is 1-5 m / s, the reaction temperature is 200-330°C, the pressure is not lower than the saturated pressure of water at the reaction temperature, the reaction time is 1-90 seconds, and the reaction time in the tower delay reactor is 10-50 minutes; the top of the pressure-reducing flash tower is connected to the heat exchanger, and the bottom of the tower is connected to the The filter constitutes a flash filtration subsystem, and the pressure at the top of the pressure-reducing flash tower is normal pressure - 30KPa; the tubular heater, supercritical settler and desalting tank constitute the fulvic acid desalting subsystem, and the temperature in the tubular heater and the supercritical settler is above 380°C; the wet pulping subsystem is connected to the hydrothermal reaction subsystem through a high-pressure feed pump, the hydrothermal reaction subsystem is connected to the feed port of the pressure-reducing flash tower through the bottom of the tower delayed reactor, and the flash filtration subsystem is connected to the fulvic acid desalting subsystem through the liquid phase outlet of the filter press, forming a safe, clean and efficient disposal system for livestock and poultry manure.

2. The device for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method for livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that The electromagnetic heating tubular reactor is a tubular reactor in which high-frequency alternating current generates an alternating magnetic field through a coil under the action of an electromagnetic heating controller, and the tubular reactor wall and the internal self-mixing strengthening internal components generate eddy current self-heating. The self-mixing strengthening internal components are regular packing type, X-cross plate type or spiral plate type.

3. The device for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method for livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that The tower delayed reactor has a height-to-diameter ratio of 3-30:1, and has filler components, grid self-mixing components or an empty tower inside.

4. The device for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method for livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that The pressure-reducing flash tower is set to 1-6 stages, and the heat exchanger for flash high-temperature steam cooling is a fire-tube heat exchanger.

5. The device for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method for livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that The bottom of the supercritical settler is connected to two or more desalting tanks through a cut-off valve.

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