A special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon fiber spinning composite material production, and discloses a special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials, including a pre-oxidation furnace and a carbonization furnace. The pre-oxidation furnace is located horizontally to the left of the carbonization furnace. An unwinding roller is installed horizontally to the left of the pre-oxidation furnace. Multiple groups of polyacrylonitrile fiber bundles on the unwinding roller pass through the inner rotating cylinder seat and enter the oxidation chamber of the pre-oxidation furnace. Import and export are respectively arranged at the middle positions of the left and right end faces of the carbonization furnace. For the special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials of the present invention, the pressure wheel on the anti-shrinkage structure contacts the lower end face of the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundle, and the tension spring acts on the pressure wheel in sequence to expand the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundle, thereby offsetting the shrinkage amount of the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundle. At the same time, the air outlet short pipes are evenly distributed on both sides of the anti-shrinkage structure, and the straight air is blown upward and directly acts on the lower end face of the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundle to assist in the stretching and expansion of the linear polyacrylonitrile fiber bundle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon fiber spinning composite material production, and particularly relates to a special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials. Background Art

[0002] Carbon fiber thermosetting resin composite materials are prepared by advanced composite technology with carbon fiber cloth as the skeleton and thermosetting resin as the matrix, and have the dual characteristics of carbon fiber and resin materials; among them, carbon fiber is a new type of fiber material with extremely high strength and stiffness, high temperature and high pressure resistance, corrosion and ablation resistance, and is widely used in the fields of aerospace, military, sports and leisure, and industry due to its excellent performance, and the demand shows a rapid growth trend; carbon fiber composite materials are fibrous carbon materials with a carbon content exceeding 80%, and are prepared through a series of process steps such as pre-oxidation, carbonization, surface treatment, and spinning of organic fiber - polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber filaments. Special production equipment is used in the steps of pre-oxidation and carbonization.

[0003] There are many technical problems in the use of existing special production equipment for carbon fiber spinning composite materials. First, the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundle derived from the pay-off roll carries a large amount of static electricity by itself, and because the fibers are dry, the fibers are prone to friction and heat generation, resulting in broken filaments and affecting the subsequent oxidation process; second, the heating in the oxidation furnace will cause physical shrinkage of the fibers. The fibers will undergo a series of chemical reactions such as cyclization, oxidation, and dehydrogenation during the heating and pre-oxidation process. These exothermic reactions will release a large amount of energy, which may cause the fiber temperature to rise further. The further rise in temperature makes the shrinkage of the fibers more intense, further leading to a decrease in the uniformity and quality of the fibers; third, when the fiber bundle is heated at high temperature in the pre-oxidation furnace and the carbonization furnace, waste gases such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ammonia (NH3), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO2) will be generated. Discharging these waste gases directly into the external environment will cause pollution; fourth, due to the gaps at the inlet and outlet of the carbonization furnace for the movement of the fiber bundle, the external environment and the internal environment of the furnace will be connected, and oxygen is likely to enter the carbonization furnace from the gaps, resulting in the oxidation and detachment of the carbon element in the fiber bundle by oxygen, thereby causing the fiber to lose a part of the carbon element and reducing the structural strength and thermal stability of the fiber.

[0004] In summary, considering that the existing facilities cannot meet the working requirements, for this reason, we propose a special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials, comprising a pre-oxidation furnace and a carbonization furnace. The pre-oxidation furnace is located horizontally to the left of the carbonization furnace. An unwinding roller is installed horizontally to the left of the pre-oxidation furnace. Multiple groups of polyacrylonitrile filaments on the unwinding roller pass through the inner rotating cylinder seat and enter the oxidation chamber of the pre-oxidation furnace. Inlet and outlet are respectively arranged at the middle positions of the left and right end faces of the carbonization furnace. The multiple groups of polyacrylonitrile filaments sequentially pass through the oxidation chamber, the inlet and the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace, and are led outwards from the outlet. The polyacrylonitrile filaments are preferably 4-10 groups.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials of the present invention, wherein: a constant temperature hot air blower is installed at the bottom of the pre-oxidation furnace and below the oxidation chamber. A porous joint is installed at the middle position of the upper end face of the constant temperature hot air blower. Two groups of first hot air connecting pipes are symmetrically connected in the front-back direction on the porous joint. The upper end of each group of first hot air connecting pipes is communicated with a hot air horizontal pipe. The hot air horizontal pipe is installed on the inner wall of the oxidation chamber. A number of hot air holes are evenly arranged on the inner side surface of the hot air horizontal pipe. The two hot air horizontal pipes are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the multiple groups of polyacrylonitrile filaments.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials of the present invention, wherein: a number of second hot air connecting pipes are symmetrically connected in the left-right direction on the porous joint. The upper end of each group of second hot air connecting pipes is communicated with a horizontal flow dividing main pipe. The number of the second hot air connecting pipes and the horizontal flow dividing main pipes is preferably 4-6 groups. A number of air outlet short pipes are equidistantly installed at the upper end of each group of horizontal flow dividing main pipes. The air outlet short pipes extend upwards into the oxidation chamber. Each group of polyacrylonitrile filaments is respectively located directly above the air outlet short pipes.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials of the present invention, wherein: a positioning seat is fixedly installed at the middle position of the bottom of the oxidation chamber. Anti-shrinkage structures acting on the polyacrylonitrile filaments are equidistantly installed on the positioning seat.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials of the present invention, wherein: a long connecting seat is arranged between the tops of the pre-oxidation furnace and the carbonization furnace. An air suction device is installed at the middle position of the long connecting seat. A small air suction pipe is installed on one of the interfaces in the air suction device. The small air suction pipe extends downwards into the oxidation chamber. The lower end of the small air suction pipe is connected with a first air suction hood.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention, wherein: a large suction pipe is installed on another set of interfaces inside the suction device, the large suction pipe extends downward into the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace, and the lower end of the large suction pipe is connected to a second suction hood.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention, wherein: a support seat is installed on the upper end surface of the long connecting seat and on the right side of the suction device, an inert gas tank is placed on the support seat, a gas adding pipe is connected to the gas outlet of the inert gas tank, and the gas adding pipe passes through the long connecting seat and extends downward into the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention, wherein: an outer cylinder seat is arranged outside the inner cylinder seat, the right end of the outer cylinder seat is fixed on the left end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace, the outer cylinder seat and the inner cylinder seat are connected by two sets of inner bearings, a large gear is sleeved outside the inner cylinder seat and between the two sets of inner bearings, a small gear is meshed on one side of the large gear, the small gear is sleeved on the output shaft of a constant-speed motor, and the constant-speed motor is horizontally installed on the left end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention, wherein: a cavity is formed inside the inner cylinder seat, an ion air pipe and an atomizer are respectively installed on the cavity wall, a number of ion air holes for acting on the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundle are equidistantly arranged on the pipe surface of the ion air pipe, the number of the ion air holes is preferably 10 - 20 groups, a number of atomizing holes for acting on the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundle are evenly arranged at the end surface of the atomizer, and a water adding cover is arranged at one end of the atomizer far away from the atomizing holes and extends outside the inner cylinder seat.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention, wherein: the anti-shrinkage structure includes a fixed column, a sliding sleeve, an L-shaped slider, a chute, a tension spring, a bracket, a tension groove and a pressure wheel, the fixed column is vertically welded on the positioning seat, the upper end of the fixed column is sleeved with the sliding sleeve, a number of L-shaped sliders are evenly welded on the lower end surface of the sliding sleeve, chutes for the L-shaped sliders to move up and down are respectively formed on the outer surface of the fixed column, the number of the L-shaped sliders and the chutes is preferably 3 - 4 groups, a tension spring sleeved outside the fixed column is fixedly connected between the positioning seat and the number of L-shaped sliders, a bracket is vertically connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve, a tension groove for receiving the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundle is formed at the top of the bracket, a pressure wheel in contact with the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundle is installed inside the bracket, and a part of the pressure wheel extends outside the tension groove.

[0017] As a preferred solution of a special production device for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to the present invention, wherein: a pre-annular air seat is installed on the upper end surface of the long connecting seat and on the left side of the air suction device. The pre-annular air seat includes an outer sealed housing seat, a top cover, an air compressor, a gas guide pipe, and a spiral preheating coil. The inner layer of the outer sealed housing seat is filled with a heat-insulating material. The top cover is fixed to the upper end of the outer sealed housing seat. An air compressor is installed at the middle position of the top cover. A spiral preheating coil is arranged on the inner circumference of the outer sealed housing seat and below the top cover. An air storage cavity is formed by surrounding the inner side of the spiral preheating coil for one week. Two groups of gas guide pipes are symmetrically connected to the bottom of the air storage cavity. Each group of gas guide pipes extends downward and is connected to a constant-temperature hot air blower. The hot air in the air storage cavity is introduced into the constant-temperature hot air blower through the gas guide pipes.

[0018] As a preferred solution of a special production device for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to the present invention, wherein: an air inlet pipe is communicated with the upper end part of the spiral preheating coil. The air inlet pipe extends horizontally to the right and enters the interior of the air suction device. A booster pump is installed on the air inlet pipe. The lower end part of the spiral preheating coil is divided into two joints. Each group of joints is connected with an air outlet pipe. The symmetric parts of the two groups of air outlet pipes extend outward and are connected to an exhaust gas processor. There are two groups of exhaust gas processors symmetrically fixed at the edge position of the upper end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace.

[0019] As a preferred solution of a special production device for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to the present invention, wherein: the exhaust gas processor includes an exhaust gas channel seat. A flow channel is horizontally opened inside the exhaust gas channel seat. A number of groups of waste liquid holes are opened at the middle position of the bottom of the flow channel. The left end of the flow channel extends outward and is connected with an exhaust short pipe. The right end of the flow channel is for the air outlet pipe to extend into. An absorption liquid tank is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace and on the left side of the long connecting seat. A main liquid supply pipe is installed at the bottom of the absorption liquid tank. The main liquid supply pipe extends into the interior of the long connecting seat. A number of groups of branch pipes are equidistantly installed on the front and back sides of the main liquid supply pipe. Each group of branch pipes extends horizontally into the flow channel. A spray head for acting on the exhaust gas is installed at the end of the branch pipe.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention, wherein: a limiting track is connected to the lower position of the side surface of the exhaust gas channel seat, a long tooth bar is horizontally movably arranged in the limiting track, the right end of the long tooth bar is connected to a cylinder rod, the cylinder rod horizontally extends outward from the inside of the telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder is installed on the upper end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace, a rotating gear is equidistantly meshed on the long tooth bar, the number of the rotating gears is preferably 5-8 groups, several groups of the rotating gears are all located in the exhaust gas channel seat, a rotating roller is arranged above each group of the rotating gears, roller shafts are welded to the upper and lower ends of the rotating roller, each group of the roller shafts is fixed to the inner wall of the exhaust gas channel seat through a bearing seat, the rotating gear is sleeved on the roller shaft at the lower position, a deceleration baffle is riveted on the roller shaft, and several groups of the deceleration baffles are equidistantly arranged in the flow channel.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention, wherein: several groups of oxygen barrier structures acting on the polyacrylonitrile tow are equidistantly installed at the positions of the inlet and the outlet, two groups of capillary tubes extending outward are symmetrically connected to the left and right direction air outlets of the inert gas tank, a shunt cross tube is communicated and arranged at the lower end of each group of the capillary tubes, the shunt cross tube is horizontally installed on the carbonization furnace, several groups of pressure pipes are communicated and arranged at equal intervals at the lower end of the shunt cross tube, each group of the pressure pipes is respectively connected downward to the oxygen barrier structure, and an electromagnetic pulse valve is installed on each group of the pressure pipes.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention, wherein: the oxygen barrier structure includes a sealing shell, a pressure inlet, a wheel frame, a guiding wheel, a ventilation gap, an upper gap and a lower gap, the sealing shell is sealed and installed at the positions of the inlet and the outlet, a pressure inlet is opened at the middle position of the upper end surface of the sealing shell, the pressure inlet is hermetically connected to the lower end of the pressure pipe, two groups of wheel frames are obliquely symmetrically screwed inside the sealing shell, a guiding wheel acting on the polyacrylonitrile tow is installed on each group of the wheel frames, a ventilation gap for the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow is opened in the middle of the sealing shell, the ventilation gap is communicated with the pressure inlet, an upper gap for the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow is opened at the upper left position of the sealing shell, a lower gap for the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow is opened at the lower right position of the sealing shell, and the upper gap and the lower gap are both communicated with the ventilation gap.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention, wherein: a burner is arranged at the lower end of the carbonization furnace, the burner heats the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace, and the heating temperature is between 1200 and 1600 °C.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to the present invention, wherein control valves are respectively installed on the small suction pipe and the large suction pipe.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to the present invention, wherein check valves are installed on both groups of air guide pipes.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to the present invention, wherein an undercurrent channel is provided below the several groups of waste liquid holes, and the end of the undercurrent channel is connected to a waste liquid discharge pipe, and the waste liquid discharge pipe extends outward through the right end face of the pre-oxidation furnace.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to the present invention, wherein a large opening for the small gear to extend into is formed through the outer cylinder base.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to the present invention, wherein an alkaline absorbent liquid is placed in the absorbent liquid tank, and a pressurized water pump is installed in the absorbent liquid tank.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to the present invention, wherein a surface treatment mechanism is arranged on the horizontal right side of the carbonization furnace, and the multi-group polyacrylonitrile fiber bundles enter the surface treatment mechanism after carbonization.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to the present invention, wherein the oxygen barrier structures at the inlet and the outlet are such that the upper gap communicates with the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace, and the lower gap communicates with the outside air.

[0031] The present invention provides a special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material through improvement. Compared with the prior art, it has the following significant improvements and advantages:

[0032] Start the constant-speed motor. Through transmission, the inner cylinder base rotates inside the outer cylinder base. First, open the ion air pipe, and ion wind is generated and discharged from several groups of ion wind holes to eliminate the static charge on the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundles. And the ion air pipe makes a circular motion to achieve the purpose of uniformly eliminating static electricity. Subsequently, the atomizer starts to work, and the atomized liquid is discharged from the atomization holes. The atomized liquid adheres to the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundles, which can reduce the dryness of the fiber bundles and reduce the friction between the fibers in the fiber bundles. And the atomizer makes a circular motion to achieve the purpose of uniform humidification, improve the subsequent oxidation effect, and enable the inner cylinder base to integrate different functions, simplifying the equipment structure.

[0033] The pressure wheel on the anti-shrinkage structure contacts the lower end surface of the polyacrylonitrile tow. The tension spring acts on the pressure wheel in sequence to expand the polyacrylonitrile tow, thereby offsetting the shrinkage amount of the polyacrylonitrile tow. At the same time, the short air outlet pipes are evenly distributed on both sides of the anti-shrinkage structure, and the straight air is blown upward directly onto the lower end surface of the polyacrylonitrile tow to assist in the stretching and expansion of the linear polyacrylonitrile tow. The two are combined to ensure the uniformity and quality of the oxidation of the polyacrylonitrile, and solve the problem of fiber heat shrinkage.

[0034] Turn on the booster pump to generate suction and press the high-temperature gas in the suction device into the intake pipe, and flow along the intake pipe into the spiral preheating coil. The high-temperature gas flows in the spiral pipeline of the spiral preheating coil for a long time and fully contacts the compressed air in the air storage cavity, transferring its own heat to the compressed air. The compressed air then becomes preheated air, significantly improving the heat conduction effect. The preheated air enters the air guide pipe and is continuously injected into the constant temperature hot air blower through the air guide pipe. The constant temperature hot air blower is used to reheat the preheated air to produce hot air for supply to the oxidation chamber, achieving the purpose of recycling heat, saving energy and environmental protection, and reducing costs.

[0035] After the waste gas is cooled, it flows from right to left in the flow channel. Open the pressure water pump in the absorption liquid tank, press the alkaline absorption liquid into the main supply pipe, and then flow into several groups of branch pipes respectively, and spray out through the spray heads to fully contact the waste gas moving in the flow channel to neutralize the acidic gas in the gas and solve the problem of waste gas polluting the environment. At the same time, turn on the telescopic cylinder to drive the long toothed rod to move linearly back and forth in the limit track, causing the rotating gear to rotate, so that the roller drives the deceleration baffle to swing. Each group of deceleration baffles collides frequently with the gas in the flow channel during the swing process to achieve a deceleration effect, extending the flow time of the cooled gas in the flow channel, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of the waste gas.

[0036] A small amount of inert gas in the inert gas tank enters the capillary tube, the shunt cross tube and the pressure pipe in sequence, and is instantaneously injected into the narrow ventilation gap from the pressure port, making the pressure in the ventilation gap instantaneously increase, squeezing the air in the oxygen barrier structure and discharging it from the lower gap. In this way, a differential pressure always exists inside and outside the lower gap, ensuring that no air enters the oxygen barrier structure from the outside, achieving an oxygen-resistant sealing effect, avoiding the oxidation of carbon elements, and improving the quality of the finished carbon fiber. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a special production device for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention in one direction;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a special production device for a carbon fiber spinning composite material of the present invention in another direction;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the outer cylinder base of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer cylinder base of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the pre-oxidation furnace of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a top view schematic diagram of the long connecting seat of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the long connecting seat of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the external pipeline connection of the constant temperature hot air blower of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of one direction of the anti-shrinkage structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another direction of the anti-shrinkage structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pre-annular air seat of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 12 It is a sectional view of the waste gas processor of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the long tooth bar of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the external connection of the oxygen barrier structure of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 15 It is a sectional view of the oxygen barrier structure of the present invention.

[0052] In the figure: 1. Pre-oxidation furnace; 2. Carbonization furnace; 3. Coil outlet roller; 4. Polyacrylonitrile tow; 5. Inlet; 6. Outlet; 9. Oxygen barrier structure; 91. Sealing shell; 92. Pressurizing port; 93. Wheel frame; 94. Guide wheel; 95. Ventilation gap; 96. Upper gap; 97. Lower gap; 10. Outer cylinder seat; 11. Inner rotating cylinder seat; 12. Inner bearing; 13. Large gear; 14. Small gear; 15. Constant speed motor; 16. Cavity; 17. Ion air duct; 18. Atomizer; 19. Atomization holes; 20. Oxidation chamber; 21. Constant temperature hot air blower; 22. Multi-hole connector; 23. First hot air connecting pipe; 24. Hot air horizontal pipe; 25. Hot air holes; 26. Second hot air connecting pipe; 27. Horizontal shunt main pipe; 28. Air outlet short pipe; 29. Anti-shrinkage structure; 291. Fixed column; 292. Sliding sleeve; 293. L-shaped slider; 294. Chute; 295. Tension spring; 296. Bracket; 297. Tension groove; 298. Pressure wheel; 30. Long connecting seat; 31. Support seat; 32. Inert gas tank; 33. Gas supply pipe; 34. Suction device; 35. Small suction pipe; 36. No. 1 suction hood; 37. Large suction pipe; 38. No. 2 suction hood; 40. Pre-annular air seat; 41. Outer sealing shell seat; 42. Top cover; 43. Air compressor; 44. Air duct; 45. Spiral preheating coil; 46. Inlet pipe; 47. Booster pump; 48. Outlet pipe; 50. Waste gas processor; 51. Waste gas passage seat; 52. Flow passage; 53. Exhaust short pipe; 54. Absorbent liquid tank; 55. Main liquid supply pipe; 56. Branch pipe; 57. Spraying head; 58. Waste liquid hole; 60. Limit track; 61. Long rack; 62. Cylinder rod; 63. Telescopic cylinder; 64. Rotating gear; 65. Rotating roller; 66. Roller shaft; 67. Bearing seat; 68. Deceleration baffle; 70. Capillary tube; 71. Shunt horizontal pipe; 72. Pressurizing pipe; 73. Electromagnetic pulse valve; 80. Burner; 81. Control valve; 82. Check valve; 83. Waste liquid discharge pipe; 84. Opening; 85. Water filling cap; 86. Positioning seat; 87. Ion air holes. Specific embodiments

[0053] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0054] As Figure 1-13As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials, including a pre-oxidation furnace 1 and a carbonization furnace 2. The pre-oxidation furnace 1 is located on the horizontal left side of the carbonization furnace 2. An unwinding roller 3 is installed on the horizontal left side of the pre-oxidation furnace 1. Multiple groups of polyacrylonitrile fiber bundles 4 on the unwinding roller 3 pass through the inner drum seat 11 and enter the oxidation chamber 20 of the pre-oxidation furnace 1. Import 5 and export 6 are respectively arranged at the middle positions of the left and right end faces of the carbonization furnace 2. Multiple groups of polyacrylonitrile fiber bundles 4 sequentially pass through the oxidation chamber 20, import 5, and the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace 2, and are led out from the export 6.

[0055] Among them, an outer drum seat 10 is arranged outside the inner drum seat 11. The right end of the outer drum seat 10 is fixed on the left end face of the pre-oxidation furnace 1. The outer drum seat 10 and the inner drum seat 11 are connected by two groups of inner bearings 12, as Figure 1 , 3 and shown in Figure 4.

[0056] Among them, a large gear 13 is sleeved outside the inner drum seat 11 and located between the two groups of inner bearings 12. A small gear 14 is meshed on one side of the large gear 13. An opening 84 for the small gear 14 to extend into is penetrated through the outer drum seat 10. The small gear 14 is sleeved on the output shaft of the constant-speed motor 15. The constant-speed motor 15 is horizontally installed on the left end face of the pre-oxidation furnace 1, as Figure 3 and 4 shown in the figure.

[0057] Furthermore, a cavity 16 is opened inside the inner drum seat 11. An ion air duct 17 and an atomizer 18 are respectively installed on the wall of the cavity 16. Their installation positions can be adjusted according to the actual situation, as Figure 3 and 4 shown in the figure.

[0058] Among them, a number of ion air holes 87 acting on the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundles 4 are equidistantly opened on the pipe surface of the ion air duct 17, as Figure 3 shown in the figure.

[0059] Among them, a number of atomization holes 19 acting on the polyacrylonitrile fiber bundles 4 are evenly opened at the end face of the atomizer 18. One end of the atomizer 18 far from the atomization holes 19 extends outside the inner drum seat 11 and is provided with a water filling cover 85. The water filling cover 85 can be opened to add pure water into the atomizer 18, as Figure 3 and 4 shown in the figure.

[0060] Furthermore, a constant-temperature hot air blower 21 is installed at the bottom of the pre-oxidation furnace 1 and below the oxidation chamber 20. The constant-temperature hot air blower 21 is equipped with a constant-temperature controller, as Figure 6 and 8 shown in the figure.

[0061] Among them, a porous joint 22 is installed at the middle position of the upper end surface of the constant-temperature hot air blower 21. Two groups of first hot air connecting pipes 23 are symmetrically connected to the porous joint 22 in the front-back direction. The upper end of each group of first hot air connecting pipes 23 is communicated with a hot air horizontal pipe 24. The hot air horizontal pipe 24 is installed on the inner wall of the oxidation chamber 20. A number of hot air holes 25 are evenly arranged on the inner side surface of the hot air horizontal pipe 24. The two hot air horizontal pipes 24 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the multiple polyacrylonitrile tows 4, as Figure 6 and 8 shown.

[0062] Among them, a number of second hot air connecting pipes 26 are symmetrically connected to the porous joint 22 in the left-right direction. The upper end of each group of second hot air connecting pipes 26 is communicated with a horizontal shunt main pipe 27. A number of air outlet short pipes 28 are equidistantly installed at the upper end of each group of horizontal shunt main pipes 27. The air outlet short pipes 28 extend upward into the oxidation chamber 20. Each group of polyacrylonitrile tows 4 is respectively located directly above the air outlet short pipes 28, as Figure 5-8 shown.

[0063] Furthermore, a positioning seat 86 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the bottom of the oxidation chamber 20. A shrinkage-resistant structure 29 acting on the polyacrylonitrile tows 4 is equidistantly installed on the positioning seat 86, as Figure 5 shown.

[0064] Specifically, the shrinkage-resistant structure 29 includes a fixed column 291, a sliding sleeve 292, an L-shaped slider 293, a sliding groove 294, a tension spring 295, a bracket 296, a tension groove 297 and a pressure wheel 298, as Figure 9 and 10 shown.

[0065] In this embodiment, the fixed column 291 is vertically welded to the positioning seat 86. The upper end of the fixed column 291 is sleeved with a sliding sleeve 292. The sliding sleeve 292 is limited to move on the fixed column 291. A number of L-shaped sliders 293 are evenly welded to the lower end surface of the sliding sleeve 292. A sliding groove 294 for the L-shaped sliders 293 to move up and down is opened on the outer surface of the fixed column 291. A tension spring 295 sleeved on the fixed column 291 is fixedly connected between the positioning seat 86 and the number of L-shaped sliders 293. The tension spring 295 is used to provide tension.

[0066] In this embodiment, a bracket 296 is vertically connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve 292. A tension groove 297 for receiving the polyacrylonitrile tow 4 is opened at the top of the bracket 296. A pressure wheel 298 in contact with the polyacrylonitrile tow 4 is installed inside the bracket 296. A part of the pressure wheel 298 extends out of the tension groove 297. The pressure wheel 298 plays a dual role of guiding and pressing.

[0067] Further, a long connecting seat 30 is provided between the top of the pre-oxidation furnace 1 and the carbonization furnace 2. An air suction device 34 is installed at the middle position of the long connecting seat 30, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 and shown in FIGS. 6.

[0068] In this embodiment, a small air suction pipe 35 is installed on one group of interfaces in the air suction device 34. The small air suction pipe 35 extends downward into the oxidation chamber 20. The lower end of the small air suction pipe 35 is connected to a first air suction hood 36, which has the function of gathering gas, as shown in Figure 6 and 7 shown in FIGS.

[0069] In this embodiment, a large air suction pipe 37 is installed on the other group of interfaces in the air suction device 34. The large air suction pipe 37 extends downward into the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace 2. The lower end of the large air suction pipe 37 is connected to a second air suction hood 38, which has the function of gathering gas, as shown in Figure 6 and 7 shown in FIGS.

[0070] In this embodiment, control valves 81 are respectively installed on the small air suction pipe 35 and the large air suction pipe 37, as shown in Figure 2 shown in FIG.

[0071] Further, a support seat 31 is installed on the upper end surface of the long connecting seat 30 and on the right side of the air suction device 34. An inert gas tank 32 is placed on the support seat 31. An inexpensive inert gas is selected. A gas adding pipe 33 is connected to the air outlet of the inert gas tank 32. A solenoid valve is installed on the gas adding pipe 33 to play a control role. The gas adding pipe 33 passes through the long connecting seat 30 and extends downward into the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace 2, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 and shown in FIGS. 6.

[0072] Further, a pre-annular air seat 40 is installed on the upper end surface of the long connecting seat 30 and on the left side of the air suction device 34, as shown in Figure 1 shown in FIG.

[0073] Specifically, the pre-annular air seat 40 includes an outer sealing shell seat 41, a top cover 42, an air compressor 43, a gas guide pipe 44 and a spiral preheating coil 45, as shown in Figure 7 and 11 shown in FIGS.

[0074] In this embodiment, the inner layer of the outer seal housing base 41 is filled with heat-insulating material to play a heat-insulating role. The top cover 42 is fixed to the upper end of the outer seal housing base 41. An air compressor 43 is installed at the middle position of the top cover 42. A spiral preheating coil 45 is arranged on the inner side of the outer seal housing base 41 and below the top cover 42 in a circumferential manner. An air storage cavity is formed by surrounding the inner side of the spiral preheating coil 45 for one week. The air compressor 43 compresses and stores the air in the air storage cavity. Two groups of air guide pipes 44 are symmetrically connected to the bottom of the air storage cavity. Each group of air guide pipes 44 extends downward and is connected to the constant-temperature hot air blower 21. The air guide pipes 44 introduce the hot air in the air storage cavity into the constant-temperature hot air blower 21. One-way valves 82 are installed on both groups of air guide pipes 44 to control the one-way flow of the preheated air.

[0075] Among them, an air inlet pipe 46 is connected and arranged at the upper end part of the spiral preheating coil 45. The air inlet pipe 46 extends horizontally to the right and enters the inside of the air suction device 34. A booster pump 47 is installed on the air inlet pipe 46, as Figure 6 shown.

[0076] Among them, the lower end part of the spiral preheating coil 45 is divided into two joints. Each group of joints is connected with an air outlet pipe 48. The symmetrical parts of the two groups of air outlet pipes 48 extend outward and are connected to the waste gas processor 50. There are two groups of waste gas processors 50 symmetrically fixed at the edge position of the upper end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace 1, as Figure 6 shown.

[0077] Specifically, the waste gas processor 50 includes a waste gas channel seat 51, as Figure 12 shown.

[0078] Among them, a flow channel 52 is horizontally opened inside the waste gas channel seat 51. A plurality of groups of waste liquid holes 58 are opened at the middle position of the bottom of the flow channel 52. An undercurrent channel is arranged below the plurality of groups of waste liquid holes 58. The end of the undercurrent channel is connected with a waste liquid discharge pipe 83. The waste liquid discharge pipe 83 passes through the right end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace 1 and extends outward. The left end of the flow channel 52 extends outward and is connected with an exhaust short pipe 53. The right end of the flow channel 52 is for the air outlet pipe 48 to extend into, as Figure 12 shown.

[0079] Among them, an absorption liquid tank 54 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace 1 and on the left side of the long connection seat 30. An alkaline absorption liquid is placed in the absorption liquid tank 54. A pressure water pump is installed in the absorption liquid tank 54. A main liquid supply pipe 55 is installed at the bottom of the absorption liquid tank 54 to evenly distribute the liquid. The main liquid supply pipe 55 extends into the inside of the long connection seat 30. A plurality of groups of branch pipes 56 are equidistantly installed on the front and back sides of the main liquid supply pipe 55. Each group of branch pipes 56 extends horizontally into the flow channel 52. A spray head 57 acting on the waste gas is installed at the end of the branch pipe 56, as Figure 7 and 12 shown.

[0080] Further, a limiting track 60 is connected to the lower position of the side surface of the exhaust gas passage seat 51. A long rack 61 is horizontally movably arranged in the limiting track 60. The limiting track 60 plays a role of limiting and guiding, as Figure 12 and 13 shown.

[0081] Among them, the right end of the long rack 61 is connected to a cylinder rod 62. The cylinder rod 62 horizontally extends outward from the inside of the telescopic cylinder 63. The telescopic cylinder 63 is installed on the upper end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace 1, as Figure 12 and 13 shown.

[0082] Among them, rotating gears 64 are equidistantly meshed on the long rack 61. Several groups of rotating gears 64 are all located inside the exhaust gas passage seat 51. A rotating roller 65 is arranged above each group of rotating gears 64. Roller shafts 66 are welded to the upper and lower ends of the rotating roller 65. Each group of roller shafts 66 is fixed to the inner wall of the exhaust gas passage seat 51 through a bearing seat 67. The rotating gear 64 is sleeved on the lower-position roller shaft 66. A deceleration baffle 68 is riveted on the roller shaft 66. Several groups of deceleration baffles 68 are equidistantly arranged in the flow passage 52. The initial positions of each group of deceleration baffles 68 can be different, which is convenient for mutual cooperation, as Figure 13 shown.

[0083] Further, a burner 80 is arranged at the lower end of the carbonization furnace 2. The burner 80 heats the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace 2, and the heating temperature is between 1200 - 1600 °C, as Figure 2 shown.

[0084] Further, a surface treatment mechanism is arranged on the horizontal right side of the carbonization furnace 2. After several groups of polyacrylonitrile filaments 4 are carbonized, they enter the surface treatment mechanism. A winding roller is arranged on the right side of the surface treatment mechanism, and the winding roller provides the power for winding.

[0085] When this embodiment is in use, under the cooperation of the left and right positions of the roll-out roller 3 and the winding roller, several groups of polyacrylonitrile tows 4 start to move linearly to the right. First, they enter the inner drum seat 11. The constant-speed motor 15 is started to drive the small gear 14 to rotate, and the large gear 13 is decelerated to rotate through meshing, so that the inner drum seat 11 rotates inside the outer drum seat 10. First, the ion air duct 17 is opened, and ion wind is generated and discharged from several groups of ion air holes 87, blowing on the surfaces of several groups of polyacrylonitrile tows 4 to eliminate the static charges on the polyacrylonitrile tows 4. Moreover, the ion air duct 17 makes a circular motion, which can eliminate static electricity evenly. Subsequently, the atomizer 18 starts to work. After atomization oscillation, the atomized liquid is discharged from the atomization holes 19. The atomized liquid adheres to the polyacrylonitrile tows 4, which can reduce the dryness of the tows and can also reduce the friction between the fibers in the tows. The atomizer 18 makes a circular motion, which can uniformly humidify several groups of polyacrylonitrile tows 4.

[0086] When several groups of humidified polyacrylonitrile tows 4 are sent into the oxidation chamber 20, the constant-temperature hot air blower 21 is started to generate hot air at 200 - 300 °C. The hot air enters the hot air horizontal pipe 24 through two groups of first hot air connecting pipes 23 and is blown into the oxidation chamber 20 from several groups of hot air holes 25. At the same time, the hot air enters the horizontal shunt main pipe 27 through several groups of second hot air connecting pipes 26 respectively and is blown upward into the oxidation chamber 20 from the air outlet short pipes 28. The hot air uniformly oxidizes several groups of polyacrylonitrile tows 4.

[0087] Since the fibers of the polyacrylonitrile tows 4 will automatically shrink when heated, the pressure wheel 298 on the anti-shrinkage structure 29 is used to contact the lower end surface of the polyacrylonitrile tows 4. The tension spring 295 acts on the sliding sleeve 292, the bracket 296 and the pressure wheel 298 in sequence to generate an upward lifting force on the polyacrylonitrile tows 4, expanding the polyacrylonitrile tows 4, so as to offset the shrinkage amount of the polyacrylonitrile tows 4. At the same time, the air outlet short pipes 28 are evenly distributed on both sides of the anti-shrinkage structure 29, and the straight air blown upward directly acts on the lower end surface of the polyacrylonitrile tows 4 to assist in the expansion of the linear polyacrylonitrile tows 4.

[0088] Then, several groups of polyacrylonitrile tows 4 after long-term oxidation enter the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace 2 from the inlet 5. The inert gas tank 32 supplies gas, and the gas pipe 33 is used to add enough inert gas into the high-temperature carbonization chamber to create an oxygen-free carbonization environment. Then, the burner 80 is used to burn to heat the furnace wall of the carbonization furnace 2 at a high temperature, and several groups of polyacrylonitrile tows 4 inside are fully heated to continuously carbonize them.

[0089] Start the suction device 34, continuously open the control valve 81 on the small suction pipe 35, and regularly open the control valve 81 on the large suction pipe 37 (the two will not be synchronized). Use the first suction hood 36 to suck the hot air in the oxidation chamber 20, and use the second suction hood 38 to suck the high-temperature inert gas in the high-temperature carbonization chamber (the above two are collectively referred to as high-temperature gases). Turn on the booster pump 47 to generate suction and press the high-temperature gases sucked up in the suction device 34 into the intake pipe 46, and flow along the intake pipe 46 into the spiral preheating coil 45. The high-temperature gases flow in the spiral pipeline of the spiral preheating coil 45 for a long time, fully contact with the compressed air in the air storage cavity, transfer their own heat to the compressed air, and quickly cool down the high-temperature gases themselves. The compressed air then becomes preheated air. By opening the one-way valves 82 on the two groups of air guide pipes 44, the preheated air enters the air guide pipes 44 and is continuously injected into the constant-temperature hot air blower 21 through the air guide pipes 44. Use the constant-temperature hot air blower 21 to reheat the preheated air to produce hot air for supply to the oxidation chamber 20.

[0090] The cooling gases in the spiral preheating coil 45 flow downward and finally are respectively injected into the flow channel 52 of the waste gas processor 50 from the two groups of outlet pipes 48. They flow from right to left in the flow channel 52. Turn on the pressure water pump in the absorption liquid tank 54 to press the alkaline absorption liquid into the main supply pipe 55, and then flow into several groups of branch pipes 56 respectively. It is sprayed out through the spray heads 57 to form an atomized state, and fully contacts the cooling gases moving in the flow channel 52 to neutralize the acidic gases in the gas. At the same time, turn on the telescopic cylinder 63 to make the cylinder rod 62 do telescopic motion, drive the long tooth rod 61 to do linear reciprocating motion in the limit track 60. The long tooth rod 61 meshes with several groups of rotating gears 64 during the movement, causing the rotating gears 64 to rotate, so that the rotating roller 65 drives the deceleration baffle 68 to swing. Each group of deceleration baffles 68 collides frequently with the gas in the flow channel 52 during the swing process to achieve a deceleration effect, extend the flow time of the cooling gases in the flow channel 52, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of the waste gas. The clean gas is discharged outward from the exhaust short pipe 53. The waste liquid generated by the neutralization reaction in the flow channel 52 flows downward from several groups of waste liquid holes 58, enters the undercurrent channel, and is then exported outward through the waste liquid discharge pipe 83. Example Two

[0091] On the basis of Example One, since the inlet 5 and outlet 6 of the carbonization furnace 2 connect the external environment and the internal environment of the furnace, oxygen is likely to enter the carbonization furnace 2 along with the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow 4, resulting in the oxidation and detachment of the carbon element in the polyacrylonitrile fiber, thereby causing the fiber to lose a part of the carbon element and reducing the structural strength and thermal stability of the fiber. To solve the above problems, several groups of oxygen-blocking structures 9 acting on the polyacrylonitrile tow 4 are equidistantly installed at the positions of the inlet 5 and outlet 6, and the oxygen-blocking structures 9 at the two positions are symmetrically arranged, such asFigure 14 and 15 as shown

[0092] Specifically, two sets of outwardly extending capillary tubes 70 are symmetrically connected to the left and right direction air outlets of the inert gas tank 32. The lower ends of each set of capillary tubes 70 are both connected with a shunt cross tube 71 in a communicating way. The shunt cross tube 71 is horizontally installed on the carbonization furnace 2, as Figure 14 shown

[0093] Among them, a number of groups of pressurizing tubes 72 are connected to the lower end of the shunt cross tube 71 at equal intervals. Each group of pressurizing tubes 72 is respectively connected to the oxygen barrier structure 9 downward. An electromagnetic pulse valve 73 is installed on each group of pressurizing tubes 72, as Figure 14 and 15 shown

[0094] Specifically, the oxygen barrier structure 9 includes a sealing shell 91, a pressurizing port 92, a wheel frame 93, a guide wheel 94, a ventilation gap 95, an upper gap 96 and a lower gap 97, as Figure 15 shown

[0095] In this embodiment, the sealing shell 91 is sealed and installed at the positions of the inlet 5 and the outlet 6. A pressurizing port 92 is opened at the middle position of the upper end surface of the sealing shell 91. The pressurizing port 92 is hermetically connected to the lower end of the pressurizing tube 72. Two sets of wheel frames 93 are symmetrically screwed inside the sealing shell 91. A guide wheel 94 acting on the polyacrylonitrile tow 4 is installed on each set of wheel frames 93. The guide wheel 94 plays a guiding role to facilitate the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow 4

[0096] In this embodiment, a ventilation gap 95 for the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow 4 is opened in the middle of the sealing shell 91. The structure of the ventilation gap 95 is narrow. The ventilation gap 95 is docked and communicated with the pressurizing port 92. An upper gap 96 for the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow 4 is opened at the upper left position of the sealing shell 91. A lower gap 97 for the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow 4 is opened at the lower right position of the sealing shell 91. The upper gap 96 and the lower gap 97 are both communicated with the ventilation gap 95. The upper gap 96 and the lower gap 97 are both slightly larger than the size of the polyacrylonitrile tow 4 to avoid contacting the polyacrylonitrile tow 4

[0097] Furthermore, for the oxygen barrier structure 9 on the inlet 5 and the outlet 6, the upper gap 96 is communicated with the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace 2, and the lower gap 97 is communicated with the outside air

[0098] When the present embodiment is in use, the electromagnetic pulse valve 73 on each group of pressurizing tubes 72 is intermittently opened, allowing a small amount of inert gas in the inert gas tank 32 to enter the capillary 70, the diversion cross tube 71 and the pressurizing tube 72 in turn, and be instantly injected into the narrow ventilation gap 95 from the pressurizing port 92, so that the pressure in the ventilation gap 95 instantly increases, squeezing the air in the oxygen-blocking structure 9, causing it to be discharged from the lower gap 97 and enter the outside, and then the ventilation gap 95 is filled with inert gas, which is then slowly discharged to the outside to achieve the purpose of releasing pressure, and the cycle is repeated (there is always a difference in strength between the inside and outside of the lower gap 97) to ensure that no air enters the oxygen-blocking structure 9 from the outside.

[0099] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0100] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A special production device for carbon fiber spinning composite materials, comprising a pre-oxidation furnace (1) and a carbonization furnace (2), characterized in that: The pre-oxidation furnace (1) is located on the horizontal left side of the carbonization furnace (2). An unwinding roller (3) is installed on the horizontal left side of the pre-oxidation furnace (1). Multiple groups of polyacrylonitrile tows (4) on the unwinding roller (3) pass through the inner rotating cylinder seat (11) and enter the oxidation chamber (20) of the pre-oxidation furnace (1). Import ports (5) and export ports (6) are respectively arranged at the middle positions of the left and right end faces of the carbonization furnace (2). The multiple groups of polyacrylonitrile tows (4) sequentially pass through the oxidation chamber (20), the import port (5), and the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace (2), and are led out from the export port (6). A constant-temperature hot air blower (21) is installed at the bottom of the pre-oxidation furnace (1) and below the oxidation chamber (20). A porous joint (22) is installed at the middle position of the upper end face of the constant-temperature hot air blower (21). Two groups of first hot air connecting pipes (23) are symmetrically connected in the front-back direction on the porous joint (22). The upper end of each group of the first hot air connecting pipes (23) is communicated with a hot air cross pipe (24). The hot air cross pipe (24) is installed on the inner wall of the oxidation chamber (20). A number of hot air holes (25) are evenly arranged on the inner side surface of the hot air cross pipe (24). The two groups of hot air cross pipes (24) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the multiple groups of polyacrylonitrile tows (4). A number of second hot air connecting pipes (26) are symmetrically connected in the left-right direction on the porous joint (22). The upper end of each group of the second hot air connecting pipes (26) is communicated with a horizontal shunt main pipe (27). A number of air outlet short pipes (28) are equidistantly installed at the upper end of each group of the horizontal shunt main pipes (27). The air outlet short pipes (28) extend upward into the oxidation chamber (20). Each group of the polyacrylonitrile tows (4) is respectively located directly above the air outlet short pipes (28). A positioning seat (86) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the bottom of the oxidation chamber (20). Anti-shrinkage structures (29) respectively acting on the polyacrylonitrile tows (4) are equidistantly installed on the positioning seat (86). A long connecting seat (30) is arranged between the tops of the pre-oxidation furnace (1) and the carbonization furnace (2). An air suction device (34) is installed at the middle position of the long connecting seat (30). A small air suction pipe (35) is installed on one of the interfaces in the air suction device (34). The small air suction pipe (35) extends downward into the oxidation chamber (20). A first air suction hood (36) is connected to the lower end of the small air suction pipe (35). A large air suction pipe (37) is installed on the other interface in the air suction device (34). The large air suction pipe (37) extends downward into the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace (2). A second air suction hood (38) is connected to the lower end of the large air suction pipe (37). A support seat (31) is installed on the upper end face of the long connecting seat (30) and on the right side of the air suction device (34). An inert gas tank (32) is placed on the support seat (31). An air adding pipe (33) is connected to the air outlet of the inert gas tank (32). The air adding pipe (33) passes through the long connecting seat (30) and extends downward into the high-temperature carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace (2). At the upper end surface of the long connection seat (30) and on the left side of the air suction device (34), a pre-annular air seat (40) is installed. The pre-annular air seat (40) includes an outer sealed shell seat (41), a top cover (42), an air compressor (43), an air duct (44), and a spiral preheating coil (45). The inner layer of the outer sealed shell seat (41) is filled with heat-insulating material. The top cover (42) is fixed to the upper end of the outer sealed shell seat (41). An air compressor (43) is installed at the middle position of the top cover (42). A spiral preheating coil (45) is arranged on the inner side of the outer sealed shell seat (41) in a circumferential direction and below the top cover (42). An air reserve cavity is formed by surrounding the inner side of the spiral preheating coil (45) for one week. Two groups of air ducts (44) are symmetrically connected to the bottom of the air reserve cavity. Each group of air ducts (44) extends downward and is connected to the constant temperature hot air blower (21). The air ducts (44) introduce the hot air in the air reserve cavity into the constant temperature hot air blower (21).

2. The special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer cylinder seat (10) is arranged on the outer side of the inner rotating cylinder seat (11). The right end of the outer cylinder seat (10) is fixed on the left end face of the pre-oxidation furnace (1). The outer cylinder seat (10) and the inner rotating cylinder seat (11) are connected by two groups of inner bearings (12). A large gear (13) is sleeved between the two groups of inner bearings (12) outside the inner rotating cylinder seat (11). A small gear (14) is meshed with one side of the large gear (13). The small gear (14) is sleeved on the output shaft of the constant speed motor (15). The constant speed motor (15) is horizontally installed on the left end face of the pre-oxidation furnace (1).

3. The special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cavity (16) is formed inside the inner rotating cylinder seat (11). An ion air duct (17) and an atomizer (18) are respectively installed on the cavity wall of the cavity (16). A number of ion air holes (87) acting on the polyacrylonitrile tow (4) are equidistantly arranged on the pipe surface of the ion air duct (17). A number of atomizing holes (19) acting on the polyacrylonitrile tow (4) are uniformly arranged at the end face of the atomizer (18). One end of the atomizer (18) far away from the atomizing holes (19) extends outside the inner rotating cylinder seat (11) and is provided with a water adding cover (85).

4. The special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-shrinkage structure (29) includes a fixed column (291), a sliding sleeve (292), an L-shaped slider (293), a chute (294), a tension spring (295), a bracket (296), a tension groove (297), and a pressure wheel (298). The fixed column (291) is vertically welded to the positioning seat (86). The upper end of the fixed column (291) is sleeved with a sliding sleeve (292). The lower end surface of the sliding sleeve (292) is uniformly welded with several groups of L-shaped sliders (293). The outer surface of the fixed column (291) is provided with chutes (294) for the L-shaped sliders (293) to move up and down. A tension spring (295) sleeved on the fixed column (291) is fixedly connected between the positioning seat (86) and several groups of L-shaped sliders (293). The upper end of the sliding sleeve (292) is vertically connected with a bracket (296). The top of the bracket (296) is provided with a tension groove (297) for receiving the polyacrylonitrile tow (4). A pressure wheel (298) in contact with the polyacrylonitrile tow (4) is installed inside the bracket (296). A part of the pressure wheel (298) extends out of the tension groove (297).

5. The special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air inlet pipe (46) is connected to the upper end of the spiral preheating coil (45). The air inlet pipe (46) extends horizontally to the right and enters the inside of the air suction device (34). A booster pump (47) is installed on the air inlet pipe (46). The lower end of the spiral preheating coil (45) is divided into two joints, and each group of joints is connected with an air outlet pipe (48). The symmetrical parts of the two groups of air outlet pipes (48). The air outlet pipe (48) extends outward and is connected to the waste gas processor (50). There are two groups of waste gas processors (50) symmetrically fixed at the edge position of the upper end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace (1).

6. The special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The waste gas processor (50) includes a waste gas channel seat (51). A flow channel (52) is horizontally opened inside the waste gas channel seat (51). Several groups of waste liquid holes (58) are opened at the middle position of the bottom of the flow channel (52). The left end of the flow channel (52) extends outward and is connected with an exhaust short pipe (53). The right end of the flow channel (52) is for the air outlet pipe (48) to extend into. An absorption liquid tank (54) is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace (1) and on the left side of the long connecting seat (30). A main liquid supply pipe (55) is installed at the bottom of the absorption liquid tank (54). The main liquid supply pipe (55) extends into the inside of the long connecting seat (30). Several groups of branch pipes (56) are equidistantly installed on the front and back sides of the main liquid supply pipe (55). Each group of branch pipes (56) extends horizontally into the flow channel (52). A spray head (57) acting on the waste gas is installed at the end of the branch pipe (56).

7. The special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting track (60) is connected to the lower position of the side surface of the exhaust gas passage seat (51). A long rack (61) is horizontally movably arranged in the limiting track (60). The right end of the long rack (61) is connected to a cylinder rod (62). The cylinder rod (62) horizontally extends outward from the inside of the telescopic cylinder (63). The telescopic cylinder (63) is installed on the upper end surface of the pre-oxidation furnace (1). Rotating gears (64) are equidistantly meshed on the long rack (61). A number of groups of the rotating gears (64) are all located inside the exhaust gas passage seat (51). A rotating roller (65) is arranged above each group of the rotating gears (64). Roll shafts (66) are welded to the upper and lower ends of the rotating roller (65). Each group of the roll shafts (66) is fixed to the inner wall of the exhaust gas passage seat (51) through a bearing seat (67). The rotating gear (64) is sleeved on the roll shaft (66) at the lower position. A deceleration baffle (68) is riveted on the roll shaft (66). A number of groups of the deceleration baffles (68) are equidistantly arranged in the flow passage (52).

8. The special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: A number of groups of oxygen barrier structures (9) acting on the polyacrylonitrile tow (4) are equidistantly installed at the positions of the inlet (5) and the outlet (6). Two groups of outward-extending capillary tubes (70) are symmetrically connected to the left and right direction air outlets of the inert gas tank (32). A shunt cross tube (71) is communicated and arranged at the lower end of each group of the capillary tubes (70). The shunt cross tube (71) is horizontally installed on the carbonization furnace (2). A number of groups of pressurizing tubes (72) are communicated and arranged at equal intervals at the lower end of the shunt cross tube (71). Each group of the pressurizing tubes (72) is respectively connected downward to the oxygen barrier structure (9). An electromagnetic pulse valve (73) is installed on each group of the pressurizing tubes (72).

9. The special production equipment for a carbon fiber spinning composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The oxygen barrier structure (9) includes a sealing shell (91), a pressurizing port (92), a wheel frame (93), a guide wheel (94), a ventilation gap (95), an upper gap (96) and a lower gap (97). The sealing shell (91) is hermetically installed at the positions of the inlet (5) and the outlet (6). A pressurizing port (92) is opened at the middle position of the upper end surface of the sealing shell (91). The pressurizing port (92) is hermetically connected to the lower end of the pressurizing tube (72). Two groups of wheel frames (93) are obliquely symmetrically screwed inside the sealing shell (91). A guide wheel (94) acting on the polyacrylonitrile tow (4) is installed on each group of the wheel frames (93). A ventilation gap (95) for the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow (4) is opened in the middle of the sealing shell (91). The ventilation gap (95) is communicated with the pressurizing port (92). An upper gap (96) for the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow (4) is opened at the upper left position of the sealing shell (91). A lower gap (97) for the movement of the polyacrylonitrile tow (4) is opened at the lower right position of the sealing shell (91). The upper gap (96) and the lower gap (97) are both communicated with the ventilation gap (95).

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