Hydraulic sand blasting nozzle and hydraulic sand blasting perforator

Abstract

The hydraulic sand blasting nozzle comprises a nozzle pressing cap, an extending piston and a nozzle body provided with a spraying hole, the extending piston is limited in the nozzle pressing cap, a first-stage elastic structure is connected between the extending piston and the nozzle pressing cap, and a second-stage elastic structure is connected between the extending piston and the nozzle pressing cap. The first-stage elastic structure has first initial elastic force enabling the extending piston to be located at the left limiting position, and the extending piston can overcome the first initial elastic force to move rightwards under the action of the internal pressure of the hydraulic sand blasting perforator. The nozzle body is limited in the extending piston, a secondary elastic structure is connected between the extending piston and the nozzle body, and the secondary elastic structure has second initial elastic force enabling the nozzle body to be located at the left limit position relative to the extending piston. And under the condition that the internal pressure of the hydraulic sand blasting perforator is continuously increased, the nozzle body can overcome the second initial elastic force and move rightwards relative to the extending piston. The spraying distance can be adjusted according to needs, and the spraying efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of well completion tools, and in particular relates to a hydraulic sandblasting nozzle and a hydraulic sandblasting perforator. Background Art

[0002] In the process of oil and gas field development, completion engineering is one of the key links to ensure the effective exploitation of oil and gas resources. As a commonly used completion tool, the performance of hydraulic sandblasting perforators directly affects the production and economic benefits of oil and gas wells. Reservoir hydraulic jetting uses high-pressure abrasive jets to form broken channels in reservoir rocks. This technology can overcome the technical defects of traditional hydraulic fracturing in low-permeability reservoirs. The crack network generated by the jetting process can improve the permeability of the reservoir and increase the overall production.

[0003] The hydraulic sandblasting perforating process is a key element in the hydraulic fracturing process, and the jet performance of the nozzle plays a vital role in the hydraulic sandblasting perforating process, which will directly affect the rock breaking depth and volume of the hydraulic sandblasting perforating process; at the same time, the efficiency of hydraulic sandblasting perforating is also affected by the nozzle; these two points make the nozzle an important component of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator.

[0004] However, when hydraulic sandblasting perforation is applied on site, there is still the problem of low perforation efficiency due to excessive spray distance. When lowering the perforator, a certain gap should be left between the perforator and the casing to ensure smooth lowering of the perforator and avoid getting stuck. During hydraulic sandblasting perforation, the returned sand-carrying fluid will weaken the jet velocity of the nozzle. The larger the gap between the perforator and the casing, the more the velocity decreases. The reduced jet velocity of the nozzle will lead to low perforation efficiency. Therefore, reducing the spray distance is an important factor in improving injection efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve all or part of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a hydraulic sandblasting nozzle and a hydraulic sandblasting perforator. The extension distance of the nozzle body of the hydraulic sandblasting nozzle of the present invention can be adjusted by the internal pressure of the sandblasting perforator, so that the spraying distance can be controlled according to the internal pressure of the sandblasting perforator.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a hydraulic sandblasting nozzle is provided, comprising a nozzle pressing cap for fixedly sealingly connecting with a hydraulic sandblasting perforator, wherein an extension piston is provided in a sealing manner inside the nozzle pressing cap, wherein the extension piston is limited inside the nozzle pressing cap, wherein a primary elastic structure is connected between the extension piston and the nozzle pressing cap, wherein the primary elastic structure has a first initial elastic force that causes the extension piston to be in a left limit position, and the extension piston can overcome the first initial elastic force and move to the right under the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator;

[0007] A nozzle body is sealed in the extending piston, and the nozzle body is limited in the extending piston. A secondary elastic structure is connected between the extending piston and the nozzle body, and the secondary elastic structure has a second initial elastic force that makes the nozzle body in a left limit position relative to the extending piston. When the extending piston moves rightward to the right limit position and the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator continues to increase, the nozzle body can overcome the second initial elastic force and move rightward relative to the extending piston; a spray hole is opened in the middle of the nozzle body.

[0008] Furthermore, an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the nozzle pressure cap, and the nozzle pressure cap is fixedly connected to the hydraulic sandblasting perforator via the external thread; an O-ring groove is provided on the outer wall of the nozzle pressure cap, and the nozzle pressure cap is sealed and connected to the hydraulic sandblasting perforator via a first sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove.

[0009] Furthermore, a first matching ring is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the left end of the extended piston, the first matching ring is located in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap, a first limiting step and a first limiting structure are provided in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap, the first matching ring is limited between the first limiting step and the first limiting structure, the primary elastic structure is provided between the first limiting step and the first matching ring, and the primary elastic structure is configured to enable the first matching ring to contact the first limiting structure when the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator is zero.

[0010] Furthermore, a second limiting step is provided in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap, the second limiting step is located between the first limiting step and the first limiting structure, and the first mating ring is limited between the second limiting step and the first limiting structure; the first limiting structure is a retaining spring fixed in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap.

[0011] Furthermore, the first matching ring is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressing cap, and the right end of the extended piston is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressing cap.

[0012] Furthermore, an O-ring groove is provided on the outer side wall of the first mating ring, and the first mating ring is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap via a second sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove; an O-ring groove is provided in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap corresponding to the right end of the extending piston, and the right end of the extending piston is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap via a third sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove.

[0013] Furthermore, a second mating ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the left end of the nozzle body, the second mating ring is located in the center hole of the extending piston, the left end of the extending piston is fixedly connected to a second limiting structure, the right end of the extending piston is fixedly connected to a retaining ring, the second mating ring is limited between the second limiting structure and the retaining ring, and the secondary elastic structure is arranged between the retaining ring and the second mating ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the second matching ring is sealed and connected to the center hole of the extended piston, and the right end of the nozzle body is sealed and connected to the retaining ring.

[0015] Furthermore, an O-ring groove is provided on the outer side wall of the second mating ring, and the second mating ring is sealed and connected to the center hole of the extending piston via a fourth sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove; an O-ring groove is provided on the inner side wall of the retaining ring, and the right end of the nozzle body is sealed and connected to the retaining ring via a fifth sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove; the second limiting structure is a retaining spring fixed in the center hole of the extending piston.

[0016] Furthermore, the primary elastic structure is a spring, and the secondary elastic structure is a wave spring.

[0017] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a hydraulic sandblasting perforator, which is provided with any one of the hydraulic sandblasting nozzles described above.

[0018] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the hydraulic sandblasting nozzle and hydraulic sandblasting perforator provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle of the present invention has a nozzle body extending out of the nozzle cap by a distance adjusted by the internal pressure of the sandblasting perforator, so it is more advanced and innovative, and the spraying distance can be adjusted according to needs to improve the spraying efficiency;

[0020] The nozzle of the present invention is provided with a two-stage extension structure, and the extension distance of the nozzle body can be controlled according to the different internal pressures of the sandblasting perforator, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the spraying distance and provide a strong guarantee for the sandblasting perforation operation effect;

[0021] The nozzle of the present invention is provided with a primary elastic structure and a secondary elastic structure, which can ensure the automatic recovery of the nozzle body and the extended piston, thereby effectively avoiding the jamming situation caused by the inability to recover the nozzle body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle body in a first-stage fully extended state;

[0024] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle body in a secondary extended state;

[0025] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: a first limiting structure 1, a second sealing ring 2, a primary elastic structure 3, an extending piston 4, a first matching ring 41, a retaining ring 42, a nozzle pressure cap 5, a first limiting step 51, a second limiting step 52, a third sealing ring 6, a fifth sealing ring 7, a nozzle body 8, a second matching ring 81, an injection hole 83, a secondary elastic structure 9, a fourth sealing ring 10, and a second limiting structure 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, a hydraulic sandblasting nozzle and a hydraulic sandblasting perforator of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, it shows a hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a nozzle pressing cap 5 for fixedly sealingly connecting with a hydraulic sandblasting perforator, a protruding piston 4 is sealedly arranged inside the nozzle pressing cap 5, the protruding piston 4 is limited inside the nozzle pressing cap 5, a primary elastic structure 3 is connected between the protruding piston 4 and the nozzle pressing cap 5, the primary elastic structure 3 has a first initial elastic force that makes the protruding piston 4 at the left limit position, and the protruding piston 4 can overcome the first initial elastic force to move to the right under the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator; a nozzle body 8 is sealedly arranged inside the protruding piston 4, the nozzle body 8 is limited inside the protruding piston 4, a secondary elastic structure 9 is connected between the protruding piston 4 and the nozzle body 8, the secondary elastic structure 9 has a second initial elastic force that makes the nozzle body 8 at the left limit position relative to the protruding piston 4, when the protruding piston 4 moves rightward to the right limit position and the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator continues to increase, the nozzle body 8 can overcome the second initial elastic force and move to the right relative to the protruding piston 4; a spray hole 83 is opened in the middle of the nozzle body 8.

[0028] The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a nozzle pressing cap 5, an extending piston 4 and a nozzle body 8, wherein the nozzle pressing cap 5 is used for fixedly sealingly connecting with the hydraulic sandblasting perforator, and an extending piston 4 is provided in a sealing manner inside the nozzle pressing cap 5, and a primary elastic structure 3 is provided between the nozzle pressing cap 5 and the extending piston 4, and the primary elastic structure 3 has a first initial elastic force, and the first initial elastic force makes the extending piston 4 in a left limit position relative to the nozzle pressing cap 5; the secondary elastic structure 9 is provided between the extending piston 4 and the nozzle body 8, and the secondary elastic structure 9 has a second initial elastic force, and the second initial elastic force makes the nozzle body 8 in a left limit position relative to the extending piston 4; therefore, when the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator is zero, the extending piston 4 is in a left limit position relative to the nozzle pressing cap 5, and the nozzle body 8 is in a left limit position relative to the extending piston 4, that is, at this time, the length of the hydraulic sandblasting nozzle is the shortest.

[0029] When the hydraulic sandblasting perforator starts to work, the internal pressure of the perforator rises. During the process of the internal pressure rising, the extending piston 4 first overcomes the first initial elastic force and moves to the right under the action of the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator. When the extending piston 4 moves to the right to the right limit position and the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator continues to increase, the nozzle body 8 begins to overcome the second initial elastic force and moves to the right relative to the extending piston 4. That is, the embodiment of the present invention has a first movement stage in which the extending piston 4 drives the nozzle body 8 to move and a second movement stage in which the nozzle body 8 moves relative to the extending piston 4.

[0030] For the first movement stage, during the process of internal pressure rising, the internal pressure acts on the end surface of the left end of the extending piston 4. When the internal pressure is greater than the first initial elastic force, the extending piston 4 begins to overcome the first initial elastic force and slowly moves to the right. The movement of the extending piston 4 drives the nozzle body 8 to move. When the extending piston 4 moves to the limit position, the extending piston 4 stops moving. At this time, the extending piston 4 drives the nozzle body 8 to extend to the first distance outside the nozzle pressure cap 5. The nozzle body 8 is in the first level of fully extended state, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0031] If the pressure is released at this time, the extending piston 4 will return to the initial state under the elastic force of the primary elastic structure 3, that is, the extending piston 4 is in the left limit position relative to the nozzle pressing cap 5.

[0032] If the internal pressure of the sandblasting perforator continues to increase at this time, when the internal pressure is greater than the second initial elastic force, the internal pressure acts on the left end face of the nozzle body 8, and the nozzle body 8 begins to overcome the second initial elastic force and move relative to the extending piston 4, that is, enters the second movement stage of the movement of the nozzle body 8 relative to the extending piston 4. In this movement stage, the nozzle body 8 overcomes the second initial elastic force and moves rightward relative to the extending piston 4. In this process, the distance from the nozzle body 8 to the outside of the nozzle pressure cap 5 gradually increases on the basis of the first distance. At this time, the nozzle body 8 is in the secondary extension state, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0033] The first movement stage and the second movement stage are explained again as follows: when the extended piston 4 starts to move rightward, the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator is greater than the first initial elastic force; when the extended piston 4 moves rightward to the right limit position, the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator is less than or equal to the second initial elastic force, and when the nozzle body 8 starts to move rightward relative to the extended piston 4, the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator is greater than the second initial elastic force.

[0034] In a specific implementation, for example, the primary elastic structure 3 is a spring, the secondary elastic structure 9 is a wave spring, and the first initial elastic force of the spring is smaller than the second initial elastic force of the wave spring.

[0035] With respect to the hydraulic sandblasting nozzle of the embodiment of the present invention, the distance that the nozzle body 8 extends outside the nozzle pressure cap 5 is regulated by the internal pressure of the sandblasting perforator, so it is more advanced and innovative, and the spraying distance can be adjusted as needed to improve the spraying efficiency.

[0036] The nozzle of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a two-stage extension structure (extension piston 4 and nozzle body 8). According to the different internal pressures of the sandblasting perforator, the extension distance of the nozzle body 8 can be controlled to achieve the purpose of controlling the injection distance, thereby providing a strong guarantee for the sandblasting perforation operation effect.

[0037] The nozzle of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a primary elastic structure 3 and a secondary elastic structure 9, which can ensure the automatic recovery of the nozzle body 8 and the extending piston 4, thereby effectively avoiding the jamming situation caused by the inability to recover the nozzle body 8; wherein, when the sandblasting operation is completed and the inside of the sandblasting perforator is no longer pressurized, the extending piston 4 is reset to the initial position under the elastic force of the primary elastic structure 3, and the nozzle body 8 is reset to the initial position under the elastic force of the secondary elastic structure 9.

[0038] In one embodiment, an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the nozzle pressing cap 5, and the nozzle pressing cap 5 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic sandblasting perforator through the external thread. An O-ring groove is provided on the outer wall of the nozzle pressing cap 5, and the nozzle pressing cap 5 is sealed and connected to the hydraulic sandblasting perforator through a first sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove.

[0039] In this embodiment, the fixed connection between the nozzle pressing cap 5 and the hydraulic sandblasting perforator is a threaded connection, and the sealing connection between the nozzle pressing cap 5 and the hydraulic sandblasting perforator is achieved by a first sealing ring. The arrangement of this embodiment can facilitate the installation of the nozzle pressing cap 5 on the hydraulic sandblasting perforator.

[0040] In one embodiment, a first mating ring 41 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the left end of the extended piston 4, the first mating ring 41 is located in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap 5, a first limiting step 51 and a first limiting structure 1 are provided in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap 5, the first mating ring 41 is limited between the first limiting step 51 and the first limiting structure 1, and the primary elastic structure 3 is provided between the first limiting step 51 and the first mating ring 41.

[0041] In this embodiment, a first limiting step 51 and a first limiting structure 1 are provided in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap 5, wherein the first limiting structure 1 is fixed to the inner wall of the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap 5, and the first limiting step 51 is provided on the inner wall of the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap 5. The inner diameters of the first limiting step 51 and the first limiting structure 1 are both smaller than the outer diameter of the first matching ring 41, and therefore the first matching ring 41 is limited between the first limiting step 51 and the first limiting structure 1.

[0042] When the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator is zero, the primary elastic structure 3 makes the extended piston 4 be in the left limit position, that is, the first matching ring 41 is in contact with the first limiting structure 1. As the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator gradually increases, after the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator increases to be greater than the first initial elastic force, the first matching ring 41 starts to move rightward. When the first matching ring 41 moves rightward to the right limit position, the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator begins to be greater than the second initial elastic force. At this time, the nozzle body 8 begins to offset the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator. At this time, the first elastic structure is between the first matching ring 41 and the first limiting step 51.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first limiting structure 1 is a retaining spring fixed in the center hole of the nozzle pressing cap 5 .

[0044] In one embodiment, a second limiting step 52 is further provided in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap 5 , and the second limiting step 52 is located between the first limiting step 51 and the first limiting structure 1 , and the first matching ring 41 is limited between the second limiting step 52 and the first limiting structure 1 .

[0045] In this embodiment, the first mating ring 41 is limited between the second limiting step 52 and the first limiting structure 1, and the first elastic structure is still limited between the first limiting step 51 and the first mating ring 41. Therefore, the right limit position of the first mating ring 41 moving to the right is the contact position between the first mating ring 41 and the second limiting step 52. Figure 2As shown; when the first matching ring 41 contacts the second limiting step 52, the first elastic structure no longer offsets the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator. When the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator continues to increase to be greater than the second initial elastic force, the nozzle body 8 begins to move rightward relative to the extending piston 4. In this process, the second initial elastic force is greater than the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator that causes the first matching ring 41 to move rightward to the right limit position, and the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator that causes the first matching ring 41 to move rightward is greater than the first initial elastic force.

[0046] According to this embodiment, the left end face of the spring cooperates with the side wall of the first matching ring 41, and the right end face of the spring cooperates with the end face at the first limiting step 51, for example Figure 1 As shown, the left end face of the spring is a plane that cooperates with the side wall of the first mating ring 41, and the right end face of the spring is a plane that cooperates with the end face at the first limiting step 51. The setting here can reduce the impact between the spring and the first mating ring 41, and the spring and the first limiting step 51.

[0047] In one embodiment, the first matching ring 41 is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressing cap 5, and the right end of the extended piston 4 is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressing cap 5. Figure 1 shown.

[0048] Among them, an O-ring groove is provided on the outer wall of the first mating ring 41, and the first mating ring 41 is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap 5 through the second sealing ring 2 arranged in the O-ring groove; an O-ring groove is provided in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap 5 corresponding to the right end of the extended piston 4, and the right end of the extended piston 4 is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap 5 through the third sealing ring 6 arranged in the O-ring groove.

[0049] In one embodiment, a second mating ring 81 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the left end of the nozzle body 8, and the second mating ring 81 is located in the center hole of the extending piston 4. The left end of the extending piston 4 is fixedly connected to a second limiting structure 11, and the right end of the extending piston 4 is fixedly connected to a retaining ring 42. The second mating ring 81 is limited between the second limiting structure 11 and the retaining ring 42, and the secondary elastic structure 9 is arranged between the retaining ring 42 and the second mating ring 81.

[0050] In this embodiment, a retaining ring 42 and a second limiting structure 11 are provided in the center hole of the extending piston 4, wherein the second limiting structure 11 is fixed at the left end of the center hole of the extending piston 4, and the retaining ring 42 is provided at the right end of the inner wall of the center hole of the extending piston 4. The inner diameters of the retaining ring 42 and the second limiting structure 11 are both smaller than the outer diameter of the second mating ring 81, and thus the second mating ring 81 is limited between the retaining ring 42 and the second limiting structure 11.

[0051] After the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator is greater than the second initial elastic force, the internal pressure pushes the nozzle body 8 to overcome the second initial elastic force and move rightward relative to the extending piston 4. The right limit position of the nozzle body 8 moving rightward relative to the extending piston 4 is the contact position between the second matching ring 81 and the retaining ring 42.

[0052] In a specific implementation, the second limiting structure 11 is a retaining spring fixed in the center hole of the extended piston 4 .

[0053] In one embodiment, the second matching ring 81 is sealed and connected to the center hole of the extended piston 4 , and the right end of the nozzle body 8 is sealed and connected to the retaining ring 42 .

[0054] Among them, an O-ring groove is provided on the outer side wall of the second mating ring 81, and the second mating ring 81 is sealed and connected to the center hole of the protruding piston 4 through the fourth sealing ring 10 arranged in the O-ring groove; an O-ring groove is provided on the inner side wall of the retaining ring 42, and the right end of the nozzle body 8 is sealed and connected to the retaining ring 42 through the fifth sealing ring 7 arranged in the O-ring groove.

[0055] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a hydraulic sandblasting perforator, which is provided with any one of the hydraulic sandblasting nozzles described above.

[0056] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0057] In addition, the terms "one", "two", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0058] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic sandblasting nozzle, characterized in that: It comprises a nozzle pressing cap for fixedly sealingly connecting with a hydraulic sandblasting perforator, wherein a protruding piston is sealably arranged inside the nozzle pressing cap, wherein the protruding piston is limited inside the nozzle pressing cap, and a primary elastic structure is connected between the protruding piston and the nozzle pressing cap, wherein the primary elastic structure has a first initial elastic force which makes the protruding piston be in a left limit position, and the protruding piston can overcome the first initial elastic force and move to the right under the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator; A nozzle body is sealed in the extending piston, and the nozzle body is limited in the extending piston. A secondary elastic structure is connected between the extending piston and the nozzle body, and the secondary elastic structure has a second initial elastic force that makes the nozzle body in a left limit position relative to the extending piston. When the extending piston moves rightward to the right limit position and the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator continues to increase, the nozzle body can overcome the second initial elastic force and move rightward relative to the extending piston; a spray hole is opened in the middle of the nozzle body.

2. The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: An external thread is provided on the outer wall of the nozzle pressure cap, and the nozzle pressure cap is fixedly connected to the hydraulic sandblasting perforator via the external thread. An O-ring groove is provided on the outer wall of the nozzle pressure cap, and the nozzle pressure cap is sealed and connected to the hydraulic sandblasting perforator via a first sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove.

3. The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first matching ring is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the left end of the extended piston, the first matching ring is located in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap, a first limiting step and a first limiting structure are provided in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap, the first matching ring is limited between the first limiting step and the first limiting structure, the primary elastic structure is provided between the first limiting step and the first matching ring, and the primary elastic structure is configured to enable the first matching ring to contact the first limiting structure when the internal pressure of the hydraulic sandblasting perforator is zero.

4. The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second limiting step is also provided in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap, the second limiting step is located between the first limiting step and the first limiting structure, and the first mating ring is limited between the second limiting step and the first limiting structure; the first limiting structure is a retaining spring fixed in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap.

5. The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first matching ring is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressing cap, and the right end of the extended piston is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressing cap.

6. The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: An O-ring groove is provided on the outer side wall of the first mating ring, and the first mating ring is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap via a second sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove; an O-ring groove is provided in the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap corresponding to the right end of the extending piston, and the right end of the extending piston is sealed and connected to the center hole of the nozzle pressure cap via a third sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove.

7. The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second mating ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the left end of the nozzle body, the second mating ring is located in the center hole of the extending piston, a second limiting structure is fixedly connected to the left end of the extending piston, a retaining ring is fixedly connected to the right end of the extending piston, the second mating ring is limited between the second limiting structure and the retaining ring, and the secondary elastic structure is arranged between the retaining ring and the second mating ring.

8. The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second matching ring is sealed and connected to the central hole of the extended piston, and the right end of the nozzle body is sealed and connected to the retaining ring.

9. The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that: An O-ring groove is provided on the outer side wall of the second mating ring, and the second mating ring is sealed and connected to the center hole of the extending piston via a fourth sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove; an O-ring groove is provided on the inner side wall of the retaining ring, and the right end of the nozzle body is sealed and connected to the retaining ring via a fifth sealing ring provided in the O-ring groove; the second limiting structure is a retaining spring fixed in the center hole of the extending piston.

10. The hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary elastic structure is a spring, and the secondary elastic structure is a wave spring.

11. A hydraulic sandblasting perforator, characterized in that: A hydraulic sandblasting nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is provided.

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