Ballastless track experimental device

Abstract

The invention discloses a ballastless track experiment device which is connected with a control system and comprises a track plate, a heating piece, a first displacement meter and a sensor, the heating piece is arranged along the upper surface of the track plate, and the sensor is arranged in the track plate and used for detecting temperature or / and pressure. The measuring end of the first displacement meter is in contact with the upper surface of the track plate and is used for detecting the upper arch value of the track plate, and the two ends of the track plate are provided with simulation assemblies used for simulating the overall heating and cooling load effect of the track plate; the device can simulate the temperature gradient, the overall temperature rise and fall and the upward arching change rule of the track plate under the combined action of the temperature gradient and the overall temperature rise and fall, can research the occurrence and development mechanism of damage such as overall upward arching, crushing and interlayer separation of the ballastless track under the temperature change, analyzes the stress and deformation characteristics of the ballastless track in different temperature states, and improves the stability of the ballastless track. And the stress and deformation states of the track are evaluated, and corresponding control countermeasures and measures are researched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ballastless track technology, and in particular to a ballastless track experimental device. Background Art

[0002] Ballastless track has become the main track structure type of my country's high-speed railway due to its advantages such as high stability, high smoothness and low maintenance. However, due to long-term exposure to the atmospheric environment and the long-term effects of various environmental factors, it is highly sensitive to climate and produces various damages and diseases. Among them, there are many diseases caused by temperature factors, such as inter-layer separation, crushing at wide and narrow joints, and arching of longitudinal track slabs. Arching of track slabs will seriously affect the stability of train operation and cause great safety hazards. At present, research related to arching of ballastless track includes patent number: CN113403885A, a method for treating arching of ballastless track; patent number: CN115600077A, a method for monitoring the deformation state of arching of intelligent power-free ballastless track slabs; due to the inability to conduct arching-related tests on ballastless tracks in service on site, so far, there is a lack of sufficient research on the law of arching changes of track slabs under the influence of temperature at home and abroad, especially the lack of relevant research equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to provide a ballastless track experimental device to solve the problem of the device for measuring the law of track plate arch change under the influence of temperature.

[0004] The present invention is implemented as follows: a ballastless track experimental device is connected to a control system, including a track plate, a heating element, a first displacement meter and a sensor, wherein the heating element is arranged along the upper surface of the track plate, the sensor is arranged in the track plate for detecting temperature and / or pressure, the measuring end of the first displacement meter contacts the upper surface of the track plate for detecting the camber value of the track plate, and simulation components for simulating the overall temperature rise and fall load of the track plate are arranged at both ends of the track plate.

[0005] In the present invention, a heating element is provided on the track plate, and a sensor is provided inside for sensing temperature and / or pressure. When the track plate is heated by the heating element, the effect of the temperature gradient on the track plate is simulated, and the camber change law and stress condition of the track plate under the action of the temperature gradient can be obtained according to the monitoring data of the sensor and the first displacement meter on the track plate; the simulation component provided at the end of the track plate is used to simulate the overall heating and cooling environment of the track plate; therefore, the present invention can simulate the camber change law of the track plate under the combined effects of temperature gradient, overall heating and cooling, temperature gradient and overall heating and cooling, and can study the occurrence and development mechanism of damage such as overall camber, crushing and interlayer detachment of ballastless track under temperature changes, analyze the stress and deformation characteristics of the ballastless track under different temperature states, evaluate the stress and deformation state of the track, and study corresponding control strategies and measures.

[0006] The device of the present invention applies a temperature gradient to the track plate by arranging a heating tube above the track plate, and monitors the temperature gradient of the track plate in real time by arranging multiple temperature sensors inside the track plate, thereby achieving the application of a controllable temperature gradient of the track plate.

[0007] A further technical solution of the present invention is: thermal insulation cotton is provided on the upper surface of the track plate.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is: a plurality of first displacement meters are provided along the length direction of the track plate, and the first displacement meters are suspended above the track plate.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the sensor includes a temperature sensor arranged inside the track plate and a pressure sensor arranged at the bottom of the track plate.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the simulation component includes a pressure piece, an end pressure sensor and a second displacement meter arranged in sequence along the direction close to the track plate, and the pressure piece is used to apply a force to the track plate. The device of the present invention simulates the overall temperature rise by arranging pressure pieces at both ends of the reaction frame to apply pressure, thereby realizing the application of controllable overall temperature rise and fall loads, and cooperates with the end pressure sensor and the end displacement meter to simulate the influence of the overall ambient temperature change on the track plate.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is: reaction frames are provided at both ends of the track plate, longitudinal beams are provided between the reaction frames and are placed on both sides of the track plate and parallel to the track plate, and the simulation component is installed on the longitudinal beams.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the longitudinal cross beam includes an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, a simulation component is provided at the same end of the longitudinal cross beams of the upper layer and the lower layer, a simulation component is provided at the other end of the longitudinal cross beam of the middle layer, and a fixing part is provided on the end of the longitudinal cross beam away from the simulation component.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is: an isolation layer is provided at the bottom of the track plate, and a transverse steel plate is provided below the isolation layer.

[0014] The present invention proposes two temperature load modes, which can respectively obtain the change law of the camber value of the track plate under the action of temperature gradient load, overall heating and cooling load or the combined action of the two; by setting an array sensor, the distribution law of the track plate pressure under the action of temperature gradient load, overall heating and cooling load or the combined action of the two is obtained.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a test device for simulating the arch test of the track plate under the influence of temperature, which can simulate the arch change law of the track plate under the combined effects of temperature gradient, overall temperature rise and fall, temperature gradient and overall temperature rise and fall. The device can heat the upper part of the track plate to apply a temperature gradient and measure the change in the arch value of the track plate; it can also apply pressure at both ends of the track plate through a pressure piece to simulate the overall temperature rise and fall conditions and measure the change in the arch value of the track plate; it can also act on both at the same time, and by adjusting the two conditions, study the influence of temperature on the arch value of the track plate. The present invention can study the occurrence and development mechanism of damage such as overall arching, crushing and interlayer detachment of ballastless track under temperature changes, analyze the stress and deformation characteristics of ballastless track under different temperature states, evaluate the stress and deformation state of the track, and study corresponding control strategies and measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a ballastless track experimental device provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ballastless track experimental device provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front-end structure of a ballastless track experimental device provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the track plate provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure numerals: 1. Track plate, 2. Suspension steel frame, 3. First displacement meter, 4. Isolation layer, 5. Transverse steel plate, 6. Reaction frame, 7. Longitudinal steel beam, 8. End displacement meter, 9. End pressure sensor, 10. Pressure member, 11. Fixing member, 12. Heater, 13. Heating member, 14. Insulation cotton, 15. Temperature sensor, 16. Pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] Figure 1-4 A ballastless track experimental device is shown, which is connected to a control system and includes a track plate 1, a heating element 13, a first displacement meter 3 and a sensor. The heating element 13 is arranged along the upper surface of the track plate 1, and the sensor is arranged in the track plate 1 for detecting temperature and / or pressure. The measuring end of the first displacement meter 3 contacts the upper surface of the track plate 1 for detecting the camber value of the track plate 1. Simulation components for simulating the overall heating and cooling load of the track plate 1 are provided at both ends of the track plate 1.

[0025] In the present invention, a heating element is provided on the track plate, and a sensor is provided inside for sensing temperature and / or pressure. When the track plate is heated by the heating element, the effect of the temperature gradient on the track plate is simulated, and the camber change law and stress condition of the track plate under the action of the temperature gradient can be obtained according to the monitoring data of the sensor and the first displacement meter on the track plate; the simulation component provided at the end of the track plate is used to simulate the overall heating and cooling environment of the track plate; therefore, the present invention can simulate the camber change law of the track plate under the combined effects of temperature gradient, overall heating and cooling, temperature gradient and overall heating and cooling, and can study the occurrence and development mechanism of damage such as overall camber, crushing and interlayer detachment of ballastless track under temperature changes, analyze the stress and deformation characteristics of the ballastless track under different temperature states, evaluate the stress and deformation state of the track, and study corresponding control strategies and measures.

[0026] The device of the present invention applies a temperature gradient to the track plate by arranging a heating tube above the track plate, and monitors the temperature gradient of the track plate in real time by arranging multiple temperature sensors inside the track plate, thereby achieving the application of a controllable temperature gradient of the track plate.

[0027] In this embodiment, the pressure-applying member is a jack.

[0028] In this embodiment, hanging steel frames 2 are provided at 1 / 4, 1 / 2 and 3 / 4 of the track plate 1. The hanging steel frames 2 are used to fix the first displacement meter 3. The hanging steel frames 2 are in the shape of a gate, and the fixed end of the first displacement meter 3 is fixed on the top; the measuring end of the first displacement meter 3 is close to the track plate 1, and is used to measure the camber value of the track plate 1.

[0029] In this embodiment, a thermal insulation cotton 14 is provided on the upper surface of the track plate 1 .

[0030] In this embodiment, the heating plate 13 is arranged along the upper surface of the track plate 1, and its heating range covers the track plate 1; the thermal insulation cotton 14 wraps the track plate 1 and the heating plate 13 to prevent temperature loss.

[0031] In this embodiment, a plurality of first displacement meters 3 are provided along the length direction of the track plate 1 , and the first displacement meters 3 are suspended above the track plate 1 .

[0032] In this embodiment, the sensors include a temperature sensor 15 disposed inside the track plate 1 and a pressure sensor 16 disposed at the bottom of the track plate 1 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the temperature sensors 15 are vertically arranged in multiple layers along the surface of the track plate 1, and the pressure sensors 16 are horizontally arranged in an array at the bottom of the track plate 1. The end displacement meter 8, the end pressure sensor 9, the heater 12, the temperature sensor 15 and the pressure sensor 16 are connected to the analysis computer through wires.

[0034] In this embodiment, the simulation component includes a pressure member 10, an end pressure sensor 9 and a second displacement meter 8 arranged in sequence along the direction close to the track plate 1, and the pressure member 10 is used to apply a force to the track plate 1. The device of the present invention simulates the overall temperature rise by arranging pressure members at both ends of the reaction frame to apply pressure, thereby realizing the application of controllable overall temperature rise and fall loads, and cooperates with the end pressure sensor and the end displacement meter to simulate the influence of the overall ambient temperature change on the track plate.

[0035] In this embodiment, reaction frames 6 are provided at both ends of the track plate 1 , longitudinal beams 7 are provided between the reaction frames 6 and are arranged on both sides of the track plate 1 and are parallel to the track plate 1 , and the simulation component is installed on the longitudinal beams 7 .

[0036] In this embodiment, the reaction frame 6 is composed of a vertical plate, a support plate and a horizontal plate.

[0037] In this embodiment, the longitudinal beam 7 includes an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer. A simulation component is provided at the same end of the longitudinal beams 7 of the upper and lower layers, a simulation component is provided at the other end of the longitudinal beam 7 of the middle layer, and a fixing part 11 is provided at the end of the longitudinal beam 7 away from the simulation component.

[0038] In this embodiment, the fixing member 11 is composed of a bolt and a steel sheet.

[0039] In this embodiment, the heater 12 is connected to the heating plate 13 .

[0040] In this embodiment, the present invention is divided into a front end and a rear end, reaction frames 6 are arranged at both ends of the track plate 1, and holes are opened on the reaction frames 6; the longitudinal steel beams 7 are fixed on the reaction frames 6 by using fixing parts 11 through the holes on the reaction frames 6, and are parallel to the track plate 1 between the two reaction frames 6. Six longitudinal steel beams 7 are arranged, which are divided into three layers of upper, middle and lower. The six longitudinal steel beams 7 pass through the reaction frames 6 on both sides of the track plate 1; the middle longitudinal steel beam 7 on the outer side of the front end of the reaction frame 6 is installed with gaskets, end displacement meters 8, gaskets, end pressure sensors 9, gaskets, pressure members 10, and fixing members 11 in sequence from the inside to the outside; the upper and lower longitudinal steel beams 7 on the outer side of the front end of the reaction frame 6 are installed with fixing parts 11; the middle longitudinal steel beam 7 on the outer side of the rear end of the reaction frame 6 is installed with fixing parts 11; the upper and lower longitudinal steel beams 7 on the outer side of the rear end of the reaction frame 6 are installed with gaskets, end displacement meters 8, gaskets, end pressure sensors 9, gaskets, pressure members 10, and fixing members 11 in sequence from the inside to the outside.

[0041] In this embodiment, an isolation layer 4 is provided at the bottom of the track plate 1 , and a transverse steel plate 5 is provided below the isolation layer 4 .

[0042] The present invention proposes two temperature load modes, which can respectively obtain the change law of the camber value of the track plate under the action of temperature gradient load, overall heating and cooling load or the combined action of the two; by setting an array sensor, the distribution law of the track plate pressure under the action of temperature gradient load, overall heating and cooling load or the combined action of the two is obtained.

[0043] Working principle of the present invention: When it is necessary to utilize the ballastless track experimental device provided by the present invention, firstly, one can choose to apply a temperature gradient load, an overall temperature rise and fall load, or a combination of the two to the track plate 1. When it is chosen to apply a temperature gradient load to the track plate, turn on the heater 12, and heat the upper part of the track plate 1 through the heating plate 13. The thermal insulation cotton 14 is used to prevent temperature loss. The analysis computer connects the temperature sensor 15, the pressure sensor 16 and the first displacement meter 3 through wires to monitor the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor 15, the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor 16, and the displacement data provided by the first displacement meter 3. By processing the displacement data, the change in the arch value of the track plate 1 can be obtained; when it is chosen to apply an overall temperature rise and fall load to the track plate 1, it is necessary to apply pressure to the longitudinal steel beam 7 through the pressure pieces 10 at both ends to simulate the overall temperature rise and fall. The analysis computer connects the first displacement meter 3, the end displacement meter 8 and the end pressure sensor 9 through wires, and collects the change data of the camber value from the first displacement meter 3 by changing the pressure of the pressure piece 10. Combined with the displacement data of the end displacement meter 8 and the pressure data of the end pressure sensor 9, the change law of the camber value of the track plate 1 under the overall heating and cooling load is studied; when the temperature gradient load and the overall heating and cooling load are selected to act together, combined with the above method, while the heater 12 is used for heating, the pressure piece 10 is used to pressurize the longitudinal steel beam 7 to simulate the overall heating, and the analysis computer collects various data through wires for analysis.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ballastless track test device, connected to a control system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a track plate (1), a heating element (13), a first displacement meter (3) and a sensor, wherein the heating element (13) is arranged along the upper surface of the track plate (1), the sensor is arranged inside the track plate (1) for detecting temperature and / or pressure, the measuring end of the first displacement meter (3) contacts the upper surface of the track plate (1) for detecting the camber value of the track plate (1), and simulation components for simulating the overall heating and cooling load of the track plate (1) are arranged at both ends of the track plate (1).

2. The ballastless track experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the track plate (1) is provided with thermal insulation cotton (14).

3. The ballastless track experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first displacement meters (3) are provided along the length direction of the track plate (1), and the first displacement meters (3) are suspended above the track plate (1).

4. The ballastless track experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor comprises a temperature sensor (15) arranged inside the track plate (1) and a pressure sensor (16) arranged at the bottom of the track plate (1).

5. The ballastless track experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation component comprises a pressure member (10), an end pressure sensor (9) and a second displacement meter (8) which are arranged in sequence along a direction close to the track plate (1); the pressure member (10) is used to apply a force to the track plate (1).

6. The ballastless track experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Reaction frames (6) are provided at both ends of the track plate (1), longitudinal cross beams (7) are provided between the reaction frames (6) and are arranged on both sides of the track plate (1) and are parallel to the track plate (1), and the simulation component is installed on the longitudinal cross beams (7).

7. The ballastless track experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The longitudinal cross beam (7) comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the upper and lower longitudinal cross beams (7) are provided with a simulation component at the same end, the middle longitudinal cross beam (7) is provided with a simulation component at the other end, and a fixing member (11) is provided at one end of the longitudinal cross beam (7) away from the simulation component.

8. The ballastless track test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation layer (4) is provided at the bottom of the track plate (1), and a transverse steel plate (5) is provided below the isolation layer (4).

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