A multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion test equipment simulating extreme working conditions

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multifunctional test device for simulating wheel-rail adhesion characteristics under extreme working conditions, comprising a first rail pattern, a second rail pattern, a first wheel pattern, a second wheel pattern, a low temperature environment simulation room, a low pressure environment simulation room, a differential case, a slip adjustment mechanism, a drive mechanism, a vertical force loading mechanism, and a torque sensor, wherein the slip adjustment mechanism is connected to the first input end and the second input end of the differential case, the output end of the differential case is connected to the first rail pattern and the second rail pattern in sequence through the first output shaft, the output end of the drive mechanism is connected to the first wheel pattern and the second wheel pattern in sequence, the third input end of the differential case is detachably connected to the drive mechanism, and the vertical force loading mechanism acts on the first output shaft. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that it can realize three types of wheel-rail adhesion test simulations of conventional, closed transmission, and braking under low temperature and low pressure environments to meet the needs of research on wheel-rail rolling-braking behavior under long and long ramps and complex extreme climate environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wheel-rail adhesion behavior simulation test, and in particular to a multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion characteristic test device simulating extreme working conditions. Background Art

[0002] As an open system, the wheel-rail is very prone to low adhesion when running on long slopes and complex environmental conditions. In order to ensure that the wheel-rail can achieve long-term high-load uphill traction and high-reliability downhill braking, a higher and more stable wheel-rail interface adhesion coefficient is required. Therefore, studying the interface adhesion behavior of the wheel-rail rolling-braking coupling under long slope conditions and the influence mechanism of extremely complex service environment on the wheel-rail interface behavior is a key scientific and technological issue that must be studied and solved to ensure the safe and reliable service of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway under long slope conditions in the future.

[0003] Most of the current research on the wheel-rail system and brake system of trains is only conducted from the perspective of scaled-down tests or simulation calculations, and cannot accurately simulate the interface behavior and evolution of the two systems. In addition, most wheel-rail relationship test benches only consider the influence of the wheel-rail interface behavior, but do not consider the influence of the brake system on the wheel-rail interface behavior, ignoring the coupling relationship between the wheel-rail system and the brake system. Although a full-scale high-speed wheel-rail relationship test bench has been built, the existing full-scale wheel-rail test benches cannot consider the influence of complex environments, such as low temperature, rain and snow, wheel-rail material behavior under long-term saturated creep force, and fatigue wear, etc. The most critical thing is that the coupling between the wheel-rail system and the brake system is not considered. Therefore, the existing wheel-rail test benches cannot meet the needs of research on wheel-rail rolling-braking behavior under long and steep slopes and complex extreme climate environments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion characteristics testing device simulating extreme working conditions, which can realize three wheel-rail adhesion test simulations of conventional, closed transmission and braking under low temperature and low pressure environments, so as to meet the needs of wheel-rail rolling-braking behavior research under long and long slopes and complex extreme climate environments.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion characteristic testing device for simulating extreme working conditions, comprising a first rail pattern, a second rail pattern, a first wheel pattern, a second wheel pattern, a low temperature environment simulation room, a low pressure environment simulation room, a differential box, a slip adjustment mechanism, a drive mechanism, a vertical force loading mechanism, and a torque sensor. The first rail pattern and the first wheel pattern are arranged in the low pressure environment simulation room, the first rail pattern is located above the first wheel pattern and in rolling contact with the first wheel pattern, the second rail pattern and the second wheel pattern are arranged in the low temperature environment simulation room, and the second rail pattern is located above the second wheel pattern. The first wheel pattern is above the first wheel pattern and is in rolling contact with the second wheel pattern. The slip adjustment mechanism is connected to the first input end of the differential case and the second input end of the differential case. The output end of the differential case is connected to the first rail pattern and the second rail pattern in sequence through the first output shaft. The first output end of the drive mechanism is connected to the first wheel pattern and the second wheel pattern in sequence through the second output shaft. The third input end of the differential case is detachably connected to the second output end of the drive mechanism through the third output shaft. The vertical force loading mechanism acts on the first output shaft. The torque sensor is arranged on the first output shaft between the first rail pattern and the second rail pattern.

[0007] Furthermore, the slip adjustment mechanism includes a first adjustment motor and a second adjustment motor, the output end of the first adjustment motor is connected to the first input end of the differential case through the first transmission shaft, and the output end of the second adjustment motor is connected to the second input end of the differential case.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a gear box, and a flywheel box. The output end of the driving motor is connected to the input end of the gear box, the first output end of the gear box is connected to the input end of the flywheel box through the second transmission shaft, the output end of the flywheel box is connected to the second output shaft, and the third input end of the differential box is detachably connected to the second output end of the gear box through the third output shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical force loading mechanism includes a pressure frame, a hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic oil station. The pressure frame is connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder and is supported above the output shaft through the hydraulic cylinder. The pressure frame is connected to the output shaft through a connecting sleeve, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic oil station through an oil pipe. The pressure frame has a built-in pressure sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, the first adjusting motor is supported above the driving motor through the first platform.

[0011] Furthermore, a second platform is provided between the gear box and the flywheel box, and the differential box is provided on the second platform.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical force loading mechanism also includes a third platform, the low-pressure environment simulation room, the low-temperature environment simulation room, and the hydraulic cylinder are all arranged on the third platform, and the second output shaft is supported on the third platform through a bearing seat.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. After the differential case is disconnected from the driving mechanism, the present invention drives the wheel-rail pattern at the same constant speed through the slip adjustment mechanism and the driving mechanism and adjusts the slip between the wheel-rail patterns, applies a constant vertical load through the vertical force loading mechanism, and performs low-temperature and low-pressure environment simulations through the low-temperature environment simulation room and the low-pressure environment simulation room, thereby realizing conventional wheel-rail adhesion test simulation under low-temperature and low-pressure environments.

[0015] 2. After the differential case is connected to the driving mechanism, the present invention drives the wheel-rail patterns at a constant speed through the driving mechanism, adjusts the slip between the wheel-rail patterns through the slip adjustment mechanism, applies a constant vertical load through the vertical force loading mechanism, and performs low-temperature and low-pressure environment simulations through a low-temperature environment simulation room and a low-pressure environment simulation room, thereby realizing closed transmission wheel-rail adhesion test simulation under low-temperature and low-pressure environments.

[0016] 3. After the differential case is disconnected from the driving mechanism, the present invention drives the wheel-rail pattern at the same constant speed through the slip adjustment mechanism and the driving mechanism, applies a constant vertical load through the vertical force loading mechanism, and performs low-temperature and low-pressure environment simulations in a low-temperature environment simulation room and a low-pressure environment simulation room. After reaching a predetermined speed and vertical load, the power input of the slip adjustment mechanism and the driving mechanism is disconnected, and the wheel-rail pattern is braked by a commercial external wheel-rail braking device, and the clamping force of the braking device is controlled to achieve different braking forces, thereby realizing the braking wheel-rail adhesion test simulation under low-temperature and low-pressure environments.

[0017] 4. The present invention can realize three types of wheel-rail adhesion test simulations, namely conventional, closed transmission and braking, under low temperature and low pressure environments, thereby meeting the needs of research on wheel-rail rolling-braking behavior under long and steep slopes and complex extreme climate environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the first regulating motor, the driving motor and the gear box in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the differential case, the second regulating motor and the flywheel case in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is an assembly diagram of the low temperature environment simulation room, the low pressure environment simulation room, the vertical force loading mechanism and the hydraulic oil station in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the low-pressure environment simulation room and the low-temperature environment simulation room of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. first regulating motor; 2. driving motor; 3. first platform; 4. first transmission shaft; 5. gear box; 6. third output shaft; 7. differential box; 8. second regulating motor; 9. second transmission shaft; 10. second platform; 11. flywheel box; 12. first output shaft; 13. second output shaft; 14. pressurizing frame; 15. bearing seat; 16. third platform; 17. hydraulic oil station; 18. hydraulic cylinder; 19. low temperature environment simulation room; 20. low pressure environment simulation room; 21. oil pipe; 22. first rail pattern; 23. torque sensor; 24. second rail pattern; 25. first wheel pattern; 26. second wheel pattern; 27. connecting sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion characteristic test equipment simulating extreme working conditions can realize three wheel-rail adhesion test simulations of conventional, closed transmission and braking under low temperature and low pressure environments. The equipment structure includes a first rail pattern 22, a second rail pattern 24, a first wheel pattern 25, a second wheel pattern 26, a low temperature environment simulation room 19, a low pressure environment simulation room 20, a differential case 7, a slip adjustment mechanism, a drive mechanism, a vertical force loading mechanism, and a torque sensor 23.

[0025] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the first rail pattern 22 and the first wheel pattern 25 are arranged in a low-pressure environment simulation room 20, the first rail pattern 22 is located above the first wheel pattern 25 and is in rolling contact with the first wheel pattern 25, and the low-pressure test environment can be simulated by the low-pressure environment simulation room 20; the second rail pattern 24 and the second wheel pattern 26 are arranged in a low-temperature environment simulation room 19, the second rail pattern 24 is located above the second wheel pattern 26 and is in rolling contact with the second wheel pattern 26, and the low-temperature test environment can be simulated by the low-temperature environment simulation room 19.

[0026] The slip adjustment mechanism is connected to the first input end of the differential case 7 and the second input end of the differential case 7. Specifically, Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the slip adjustment mechanism includes a first adjustment motor 1 and a second adjustment motor 8. The output end of the first adjustment motor 1 is connected to the first input end of the differential case 7 through the first transmission shaft 4, the output end of the second adjustment motor 8 is connected to the second input end of the differential case 7, and the output end of the differential case 7 is connected to the first rail pattern 22 and the second rail pattern 24 in sequence through the first output shaft 12.

[0027] The driving mechanism is connected to the first wheel pattern 25 and the second wheel pattern 26 in sequence through the second output shaft 13. Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor 2, a gear box 5, and a flywheel box 11. The output end of the driving motor 2 is connected to the input end of the gear box 5. The first output end of the gear box 5 is connected to the input end of the flywheel box 11 through the second transmission shaft 9. The output end of the flywheel box 11 is connected to the second output shaft 13, and then the first wheel pattern 25 and the second wheel pattern 26 can be driven to rotate by the driving motor 2. In this embodiment, the gear box 5 has two different input ends. Connecting the driving motor 2 to different input ends of the gear box 5 can achieve different power inputs.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the third input end of the differential case 7 is detachably connected to the second output end of the gearbox 5 through the third output shaft 6. Specifically, when the third output shaft 6 is disconnected from the second output end of the gearbox 5, the wheel-rail pattern is driven by the first regulating motor 1 and the driving motor 2 respectively, and the slip between the wheel-rail patterns can be adjusted by controlling the rotation speeds of the first regulating motor 1 and the driving motor 2; when the third output shaft 6 is connected to the second output end of the gearbox 5 through a coupling or other connecting member, the wheel-rail pattern is driven by the driving motor 2 respectively, and the rotation speeds of the first rail pattern 22 and the second rail pattern 24 are adjusted by the second regulating motor 8 in cooperation with the first regulating motor 1, wherein the first regulating motor 1 is used to adjust the rotation speed in a large range, and the second regulating motor 8 is used to finely adjust the rotation speed, thereby realizing precise control of the slip between the wheel-rail patterns.

[0029] In this embodiment, the differential box 7, the gear box 5, and the flywheel box 11 are all existing equipment, and the internal structure and working principle are not described in detail; the model of the differential box 7 is Tandler SP2, the specific model of the gear box 5 is HLP520-30000, and the specific model of the flywheel box 11 is HLTE500-2000.

[0030] The vertical force loading mechanism acts on the first output shaft 12 to apply a vertical load. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the vertical force loading mechanism includes a pressure frame 14, a hydraulic cylinder 18, and a hydraulic oil station 17. The pressure frame 14 is connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 18 and is supported above the output shaft through the hydraulic cylinder 18. The pressure frame 14 is sleeved on the output shaft through a connecting sleeve 27. The hydraulic cylinder 18 is connected to the hydraulic oil station 17 through an oil pipe 21. The hydraulic oil station 17 provides hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 18 through the oil pipe 21, and then drives the pressure frame 14 through the hydraulic cylinder 18 to apply a vertical load.

[0031] In addition, if Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the first regulating motor 1 is supported above the driving motor 2 through the first platform 3; a second platform 10 is provided between the gear box 5 and the flywheel box 11, and the differential box 7 is fixed on the second platform 10; the vertical force loading mechanism also includes a third platform 16, and the low-pressure environment simulation room 20, the low-temperature environment simulation room 19, and the hydraulic cylinder 18 are all installed on the third platform 16, and the second output shaft 13 is supported on the third platform 16 through the bearing seat 15.

[0032] When conducting a conventional wheel-rail adhesion test simulation, the gearbox 5 is disconnected from the third output shaft 6, and the wheel-rail samples are driven by the first regulating motor 1 and the driving motor 2 at the same constant speed. The speeds of the first regulating motor 1 and the driving motor 2 are controlled to adjust the slip between the wheel-rail samples, and the hydraulic cylinder 18 is controlled to drive the pressurizing frame 14 to apply a constant vertical load. At the same time, the low temperature and low pressure environments are simulated by the low temperature environment simulation room 19 and the low pressure environment simulation room.

[0033] When conducting a closed transmission wheel-rail adhesion test, the gearbox 5 is connected to the third output shaft 6 to realize a closed power chain loop for the entire device, and the transmission ratio of the entire power chain is 1. The drive motor 2 drives the wheel-rail patterns at a constant speed respectively. The first adjusting motor 1 and the second adjusting motor 8 are connected to the differential case 7 to realize speed regulation, wherein the first adjusting motor 1 is used to adjust the speed over a large range, and the second adjusting motor 8 is used to finely adjust the speed, thereby realizing precise control of the slip between the wheel-rail patterns, and controlling the hydraulic cylinder 18 to drive the pressurizing frame 14 to apply a constant vertical load. At the same time, the low temperature and low pressure environments are simulated through the low temperature environment simulation room 19 and the low pressure environment simulation room.

[0034] When conducting the brake wheel-rail adhesion test, the gear box 5 is disconnected from the third output shaft 6, and the wheel-rail pattern is driven by the first regulating motor 1 and the driving motor 2 at the same constant speed respectively, and the hydraulic cylinder 18 is controlled to drive the pressurizing frame 14 to apply a constant vertical load. At the same time, the low temperature and low pressure environments are simulated by the low temperature environment simulation room 19 and the low pressure environment simulation room. After reaching the predetermined speed and vertical loading force, the power input of the first regulating motor 1 and the driving motor 2 is disconnected, and the wheel-rail pattern is braked by a commercial external wheel-rail braking device, and the clamping force of the braking device is controlled to achieve different braking forces.

[0035] The torque sensor 23 is installed on the first output shaft 12 between the first rail pattern 22 and the second rail pattern 24, and a pressure sensor is built into the pressurizing frame 14. During the above three simulation tests, the wheel-rail tangential force is measured by the torque sensor 23, and the vertical force is measured by the pressure sensor built into the pressurizing frame 14. The wheel-rail adhesion coefficient is the wheel-rail tangential force divided by the vertical force.

[0036] The multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion test equipment for simulating extreme working conditions of the present invention can realize three kinds of wheel-rail adhesion test simulations, namely conventional, closed transmission and braking, under low temperature and low pressure environments, thereby meeting the needs of research on wheel-rail rolling-braking behavior under long and steep slopes and complex extreme climate environments.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion characteristics testing device for simulating extreme working conditions, characterized by: The invention comprises a first rail pattern (22), a second rail pattern (24), a first wheel pattern (25), a second wheel pattern (26), a low temperature environment simulation room (19), a low pressure environment simulation room (20), a differential case (7), a slip adjustment mechanism, a drive mechanism, a vertical force loading mechanism, and a torque sensor (23); the first rail pattern (22) and the first wheel pattern (25) are arranged in the low pressure environment simulation room (20); the first rail pattern (22) is located above the first wheel pattern (25) and is in rolling contact with the first wheel pattern (25); the second rail pattern (24) and the second wheel pattern (26) are arranged in the low temperature environment simulation room (19); the second rail pattern (24) is located above the second wheel pattern (26) and is in rolling contact with the first wheel pattern (25); The second wheel pattern (26) is in rolling contact, the slip adjustment mechanism is connected to the first input end of the differential case (7) and the second input end of the differential case (7), the output end of the differential case (7) is connected to the first rail pattern (22) and the second rail pattern (24) in sequence through the first output shaft (12), the first output end of the drive mechanism is connected to the first wheel pattern (25) and the second wheel pattern (26) in sequence through the second output shaft (13), the third input end of the differential case (7) is detachably connected to the second output end of the drive mechanism through the third output shaft (6), the vertical force loading mechanism acts on the first output shaft (12), and the torque sensor (23) is arranged on the first output shaft (12) between the first rail pattern (22) and the second rail pattern (24); The slip adjustment mechanism comprises a first adjustment motor (1) and a second adjustment motor (8); the output end of the first adjustment motor (1) is connected to the first input end of the differential case (7) via a first transmission shaft (4); and the output end of the second adjustment motor (8) is connected to the second input end of the differential case (7); The drive mechanism comprises a drive motor (2), a gear box (5), and a flywheel box (11); the output end of the drive motor (2) is connected to the input end of the gear box (5); the first output end of the gear box (5) is connected to the input end of the flywheel box (11) via a second transmission shaft (9); the output end of the flywheel box (11) is connected to a second output shaft (13); and the third input end of the differential box (7) is detachably connected to the second output end of the gear box (5) via a third output shaft (6).

2. The multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion characteristics testing equipment for simulating extreme working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical force loading mechanism comprises a pressure frame (14), a hydraulic cylinder (18), and a hydraulic oil station (17). The pressure frame (14) is connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (18) and is supported above the output shaft through the hydraulic cylinder (18). The pressure frame (14) is sleeved on the output shaft through a connecting sleeve (27). The hydraulic cylinder (18) is connected to the hydraulic oil station (17) through an oil pipe (21). The pressure frame (14) has a built-in pressure sensor.

3. The multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion characteristics testing equipment for simulating extreme working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first regulating motor (1) is supported above the driving motor (2) via the first platform (3).

4. The multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion characteristics testing equipment for simulating extreme working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second platform (10) is provided between the gear box (5) and the flywheel box (11), and the differential box (7) is provided on the second platform (10).

5. The multifunctional wheel-rail adhesion characteristics testing equipment for simulating extreme working conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical force loading mechanism also includes a third platform (16), a low-pressure environment simulation room (20), a low-temperature environment simulation room (19), and a hydraulic cylinder (18) are all arranged on the third platform (16), and the second output shaft (13) is supported on the third platform (16) via a bearing seat (15).

Images