Device for testing sensitivity directivity of Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for testing sensitivity directivity of a Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil. The device mainly comprises an upper computer, a motor control module, an optical demodulator, the Fabry-Perot sensor, a transformer oil tank model, silencing cotton, a sound source, a sliding table and a signal generator. The sliding table mainly comprises a Fabry-Perot sensor transverse advancing motor, a Fabry-Perot sensor rotating motor, a sliding block, a rotating disc, a guide rail, a sound source rotating motor, a sound source transverse advancing motor, a sound source connecting rod, a sound source fixing inverted omega clamp, a sliding rail groove, a limiting block, a Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod, a Fabry-Perot sensor fixing L-shaped inverted omega clamp and a sliding table clamping base. The device is flexible in structural design, the Fabry-Perot sensor and the sound source can be accurately positioned and adjusted in angle in the oil tank, important experiment conditions are provided for detection sensitivity and accuracy, and safety and stability of a power system are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment detection and diagnosis, and in particular to a sensitivity directivity testing device for a Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil. Background Art

[0002] In modern power systems, power transformers are key equipment. During long-term operation, they may experience potential faults such as partial discharge, which threatens the stability and safety of the system. Partial discharge is a common precursor to failure in power equipment. If it is not detected and handled in time, it may cause insulation damage to the equipment and lead to serious electrical accidents. Therefore, effective detection and diagnosis of partial discharge inside transformers has become a key means to ensure the safe operation of power systems.

[0003] Traditional partial discharge detection methods, such as high-frequency current method and ultrasonic detection method, can provide certain fault information, but their effects are often not ideal in the complex oil-immersed transformer environment. The high-frequency current method is easily interfered by the outside world, while the traditional ultrasonic detection method based on piezoelectric ceramics is limited by factors such as signal attenuation and noise interference, and cannot be built-in and is far away from the fault point. Therefore, in practical applications, the accuracy and reliability of these methods are affected to a certain extent. The Fabry-Perot sensor measures ultrasonic signals based on the principle of optical interference. It is a fully insulating optical element that can be implanted inside the transformer oil tank. It has the advantages of anti-electromagnetic interference, high sensitivity, and adaptability to complex environments. It has gradually been used in partial discharge detection. However, the sensitivity and detection capability of the Fabry-Perot sensor are closely related to its directivity. Therefore, studying and optimizing the directional detection of the Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil has become the key to improving its performance.

[0004] The patent with publication number CN203386470U provides a directional test device, which can be adjusted in angle, but its distance adjustment is limited, and the sensor sensitivity directional parameter is insufficient. In addition, the signal in the transformer oil is related to the propagation distance, so attenuation is involved, so it is necessary to test at different distances, which limits the application of this technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a device for testing the sensitivity and directivity of a Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil, aiming to solve the current problem of lack of a device capable of accurately calibrating directivity in transformer oil, as well as the problem of insufficient sensor sensitivity and directivity parameters, thereby overcoming the challenges of signal attenuation and noise interference in existing partial discharge detection. The device simulates the ultrasonic signal generated by partial discharge by precisely controlling the relative position and angle of the Fabry-Perot sensor and the sound source, and detects the response characteristics of the sensor to the sound signal at different angles and distances. In addition, by adjusting the frequency range of the sound source, the propagation characteristics of sound signals of different frequencies in transformer oil are studied in depth, and their influence on the detection effect of the Fabry-Perot sensor is explored. The distance between the sound source and the sensor is also an important factor affecting the propagation of ultrasonic signals. The device can flexibly adjust the distance between the two through a slide to study the attenuation and scattering laws of signals under different propagation paths.

[0006] According to the technical solution of the present invention, a device for testing the sensitivity directivity of a Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil is provided, and the device is mainly composed of the following:

[0007] The host computer, as the control center of the entire system, communicates with the motor control module to achieve data processing and analysis;

[0008] The motor control module is responsible for driving the motor on the slide, thereby controlling the movement of the Fabry-Perot sensor and the sound source, and returning the data to the host computer;

[0009] An optical demodulator is used to demodulate the acoustic signal received by the Fabry-Perot sensor and analyze the signal characteristics to obtain measurement data;

[0010] Fabry-Perot sensor is used to sense external signals. Its sensitive diaphragm can vibrate, which in turn causes changes in interference signals and helps detect partial discharge in transformer oil.

[0011] The transformer oil tank model simulates the actual transformer oil tank. The transformer oil tank model includes the oil tank shell and the transformer oil in the oil tank shell.

[0012] The sound-absorbing cotton is evenly arranged on the inner wall of the fuel tank to reduce the reflection of the sound signal and avoid interfering with the test results;

[0013] Sound source, which can emit sound signals of different frequencies to simulate the ultrasonic signals generated by partial discharge in transformer oil;

[0014] The slide table is placed above the transformer tank model and is clamped by the slide table holder to support the precise lateral and angular adjustment of the Fabry-Perot sensor and the sound source in the tank.

[0015] The signal generator generates the required test signal and provides the necessary acoustic signal input for the entire test device.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The device can accurately control the angle and position of the Fabry-Perot sensor, providing reliable experimental conditions for directivity testing. It is suitable for testing multi-band acoustic signals, especially in the range of 20-300kHz, and can simulate the ultrasonic characteristics of partial discharge, thereby optimizing the sensor's response effect. In addition, the slide system can flexibly adjust the distance and angle between the sensor and the sound source to study the ultrasonic attenuation and scattering laws under different propagation paths. This not only improves the accuracy and reliability of transformer partial discharge detection, but also provides an important experimental basis for the design of Fabry-Perot sensors and the development of power transformer fault diagnosis technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a general diagram of a sensitivity directivity testing device of a Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a slide table that needs to be protected according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the position of a Fabry-Perot sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the position of a sound source according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view showing the location of a sensitive membrane of a Fabry-Perot sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 FIG. 4 is a top view of a fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure markings: 1-host computer; 2-motor control module; 3-optical demodulator; 4-Fabry-Perot sensor; 5-transformer oil tank model; 6-silence cotton; 7-sound source; 8-slide; 9-signal generator; 801-Fabry-Perot sensor lateral travel motor; 802-Fabry-Perot sensor rotation motor; 803-slider; 804-turntable; 805-guide rail; 806-sound source rotation motor; 807-sound source lateral travel motor; 808-sound source connecting rod; 809-sound source fixed inverted Ω clamp; 810-slide rail groove; 811-limiting block; 812-Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod; 813-Fabry-Perot sensor fixed inverted L-shaped inverted Ω clamp; 814-slide holder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms, and the present disclosure should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a general diagram of a device for testing the sensitivity and directivity of a Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the device is mainly composed of the following key parts: the host computer 1, as the control center of the whole system, communicates with the motor control module to realize data processing and analysis; the motor control module 2 is responsible for driving the Fabry-Perot sensor lateral travel motor 801, the Fabry-Perot sensor rotation motor 802, the sound source rotation motor 806 and the sound source lateral travel motor 807 on the slide, controlling the movement of the Fabry-Perot sensor and the sound source, and returning the data to the host computer; the optical demodulator 3 is used to demodulate the sound signal received by the Fabry-Perot sensor and analyze the signal characteristics to obtain the measurement data; the Fabry-Perot sensor 4 is used to sense the external signal, and its sensitive diaphragm can generate vibration, thereby causing the change of the interference signal, which helps to detect the local The transformer oil tank model 5 simulates the actual transformer oil tank, and the transformer oil tank model 6 includes the oil tank shell and the transformer oil in the oil tank shell; the muffler cotton 6 is evenly arranged on the inner wall of the oil tank to reduce the reflection of the acoustic signal and avoid interfering with the detection result; the sound source 7 can emit acoustic signals of different frequencies to simulate the ultrasonic signal generated by partial discharge in the transformer oil, and the frequency range is mainly between 20-300kHz; the slide 8 is placed above the transformer oil tank model 5 and clamped by the slide holder 814, including multiple motors and mechanical structures, supporting the Fabry-Perot sensor and the sound source to perform precise lateral and angular adjustments in the oil tank; the signal generator 9 generates the required test signal and provides the necessary acoustic signal input for the entire test device. These components work together to ensure that the device can accurately measure the acoustic signal in the transformer oil, thereby improving the detection sensitivity and accuracy and ensuring the safety and stability of the power system.

[0027] Figure 2The structure and function of the slide part according to the embodiment of the present invention. The slide 8 is mainly composed of the following components: the Fabry-Perot sensor lateral travel motor 801, which is driven by the motor control module 2 and is responsible for driving the Fabry-Perot sensor to move horizontally in the oil tank to adjust the distance between the Fabry-Perot sensor 4 and the sound source 7; the Fabry-Perot sensor rotation motor 802, which is connected to the first slider 803 and the first turntable 804 through the first slider 803, controls the angle of the Fabry-Perot sensor in the oil, and ensures that the sensor can be accurately adjusted in position as needed; the first slider 803, which has a smaller diameter than the slide rail groove 810 and is equipped with an external thread, is used to drive the lateral movement of the first turntable 804, and the stroke is between the Fabry-Perot sensor lateral travel motor 801 and the limit block 811; the first turntable 804 is directly connected to the Fabry-Perot sensor rotation motor 802. 02 is connected, and is controlled by the upper computer 1 and the motor control module 2. There are scales on the turntable, which can be used to distinguish the angle change of the Fabry-Perot sensor 4. There is a threaded hole on the first turntable 804, which is connected to the Fabry-Perot sensor 4 through the Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod 812 and the Fabry-Perot sensor fixed inverted L-shaped inverted Ω clamp 813; the guide rail 805, the internal thread cooperates with the external thread of the slider 803, and is used to ensure the smooth movement of the first slider 803 in the slide rail groove 810; the sound source rotation motor 806 has a similar function to the Fabry-Perot sensor rotation motor 802, and is connected to the second turntable (not shown in the figure) through the second slider; the second slider, whose diameter is smaller than the slide rail groove 810, is equipped with an external thread, and is used to drive the lateral movement of the second turntable; the second turntable , directly connected to the sound source rotation motor 806, controlled by the host computer 1 and the motor control module 2, the second turntable has a scale for distinguishing the angle change of the sound source, and the second turntable has a threaded hole, which is connected to the sound source 7 through the sound source connecting rod 808 and the sound source fixed inverted Ω clamp 809, thereby controlling the angle of the sound source in the transformer oil; the sound source lateral travel motor 807, driven by the motor control module 2, is used to control the lateral position movement of the sound source in the oil tank and adjust the distance between the sound source and the Fabry-Perot sensor 4; the Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod 812 is used to connect the first turntable 804 with the Fabry-Perot sensor, and the sound source connecting rod 808 is used to connect the second turntable and the sound source; the sound source fixed inverted Ω clamp 809 is used to clamp the sound source 7 to ensure that it is It remains stable during the test; the slide rail groove 810 limits the moving position of the first slider 803 and the second slider, and a limit block 811 is provided in the middle to further constrain the stroke of the slider to prevent it from exceeding the predetermined range; the limit block 811 is used to limit the stroke of the sound source transverse travel motor 807 and the Fabry-Perot sensor transverse travel motor 801 to ensure that each component is within the normal working range; the Fabry-Perot sensor fixed inverted L-shaped inverted Ω clamp 813 clamps the Fabry-Perot sensor 4 so that the plane of its sensitive diaphragm coincides with the axis of the Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod 812 to ensure that when the sensor rotates, the distance between the response sensitive area and the sound source remains unchanged; the slide holder 814 is used to firmly clamp the slide on the transformer model 5 to ensure the stability of the equipment during the test.

[0028] The key point is how to fix, rotate and adjust the distance to ensure accurate directivity testing in transformer oil. First, the Fabry-Perot sensor 4 is firmly mounted on the slide 8 through a dedicated fixing structure, such as the Fabry-Perot sensor fixing inverted L-shaped inverted Ω clamp 813. This structure ensures that the plane of the sensor sensitive diaphragm always coincides with the axis of the Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod 812, thereby maintaining the consistency of sensitivity and avoiding errors caused by position offset during the test. Secondly, the rotation of the Fabry-Perot sensor 4 is controlled by the Fabry-Perot sensor rotating motor 802. The rotating motor is connected to the turntable 804 through the slider 803, and the turntable is provided with a scale to accurately adjust the angle of the sensor. This design enables the sensor to accurately align with the sound source 7, ensure the maximum reception of the signal during the detection process, and improve the accuracy of fault detection. Finally, the distance between the sensor and the sound source is adjusted by the Fabry-Perot sensor transverse travel motor 801. The motor drives the slider 803 to move on the guide rail 805, thereby changing the distance between the Fabry-Perot sensor 4 and the sound source 7 and optimizing the signal reception effect. Through this structural design, the Fabry-Perot sensor can perform high-sensitivity and high-directional signal detection in complex transformer oil environments.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the Fabry-Perot sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure mainly includes the Fabry-Perot sensor 4, the Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod 812 and the Fabry-Perot sensor fixed inverted L-shaped inverted Ω clamp 813. The Fabry-Perot sensor 4 is the core component of the present device, and its sensitive diaphragm can sense external sound signals and generate vibrations, thereby causing changes in interference signals. The Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod 812 is used to connect the Fabry-Perot sensor 4 with other parts of the slide to ensure that the sensor can stably cooperate with the slide and the sound source during the adjustment process. The Fabry-Perot sensor fixed inverted L-shaped inverted Ω clamp 813 is responsible for clamping the Fabry-Perot sensor 4. The design makes the plane of the sensitive diaphragm of the sensor always coincide with the axis of the Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod 812, so as to keep the distance between the response sensitive area and the sound source unchanged when the sensor rotates, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the measurement.

[0030] The Fabry-Perot sensor 4 comprises a sensitive diaphragm, a Fabry-Perot cavity, a protective sleeve and a pigtail. The sensitive diaphragm senses external signals and generates vibrations. The vibrations cause changes in interference signals, thereby enabling subsequent phase or intensity demodulation to obtain signal characteristics.

[0031] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the sound source position according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure mainly includes a sound source 7, a sound source connecting rod 808 and a sound source fixing inverted Ω clamp 809. The sound source 7 can emit sound signals of different frequencies, and the local discharge in the simulated transformer oil is mainly an ultrasonic sound source, and the frequency range is usually between 20-300kHz. When the device is used in other scenarios, such as underwater testing, gas environment testing, etc., the frequency band is determined by the actual test value, including but not limited to the above range. The sound source connecting rod 808 is used to connect the sound source 7 to other parts of the slide to ensure the stability and adjustability of the sound source. The sound source fixing inverted Ω clamp 809 is responsible for clamping the sound source 7 to keep it stable during the test and avoid position changes due to vibration or other external interference. Through the coordinated work of these components, the device can effectively control the position and angle of the sound source.

[0032] Figure 5 The cross-sectional view of the position of the sensitive diaphragm of the Fabry-Perot sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a Fabry-Perot sensor rotating motor 802, a slider 803, a first turntable 804, a guide rail 805, and key components such as a slide rail groove 810, a Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod 812, and a Fabry-Perot sensor fixed inverted L-shaped inverted Ω clamp 813. The Fabry-Perot sensor rotating motor 802 is connected to the turntable 804 through the slider 803 to control the angle change of the Fabry-Perot sensor in the transformer oil, thereby accurately adjusting the position of the sensitive diaphragm. The guide rail 805 provides support and guidance to ensure that the first slider 803 moves smoothly in the slide rail groove 810. The Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod 812 and the Fabry-Perot sensor fixed inverted L-shaped inverted Ω clamp 813 are used to stabilize the installation of the Fabry-Perot sensor 4.

[0033] Attached Figure 6 This is a top view of an oil tank according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the overall layout of the oil tank can be clearly seen. The outer shell of the oil tank is compactly designed to provide solid protection, and transformer oil is filled inside, which provides the necessary working environment for the testing of the Fabry-Perot sensor and the sound source. The sound-absorbing cotton inside the oil tank is evenly arranged, which effectively reduces the reflection of the sound signal on the inner wall of the oil tank and reduces potential interference, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results. Through this top view, the design layout of the oil tank can be intuitively understood, which provides a convenient reference for subsequent experimental operations.

[0034] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description, and the changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the sensitivity and directivity of a Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil, characterized in that: The device is mainly composed of the following: The host computer (1), as the control center of the entire system, communicates with the motor control module to realize data processing and analysis; The motor control module (2) is responsible for driving the motor on the slide, thereby controlling the movement of the Fabry-Perot sensor and the sound source, and returning the data to the host computer; An optical demodulator (3) is used to demodulate the acoustic signal received by the Fabry-Perot sensor and analyze the signal characteristics to obtain measurement data; The Fabry-Perot sensor (4) is used to sense external signals. Its sensitive diaphragm can generate vibrations, thereby causing changes in interference signals, helping to detect partial discharge phenomena in transformer oil; A transformer oil tank model (5) simulates an actual transformer oil tank. The transformer oil tank model (5) includes an oil tank shell and transformer oil in the oil tank shell; The sound-absorbing cotton (6) is evenly arranged on the inner wall of the oil tank to reduce the reflection of the sound signal and avoid interference with the detection result; A sound source (7) capable of emitting sound signals of different frequencies to simulate ultrasonic signals generated by partial discharge in transformer oil; The slide (8) is placed above the transformer oil tank model (5) and is clamped by the slide holder (814) to support the Fabry-Perot sensor and the sound source to perform precise lateral and angular adjustments in the oil tank; The signal generator (9) generates the required test signal and provides the necessary acoustic signal input for the entire test device.

2. The sensitivity directivity testing device of the Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide (8) is composed of the following components: The Fabry-Perot sensor lateral travel motor (801) is driven by the motor control module (2) and is responsible for driving the Fabry-Perot sensor to move lateraly in the oil tank to adjust the distance between the Fabry-Perot sensor (4) and the sound source (7); The Fabry-Perot sensor rotating motor (802) is connected to the first rotating disk (804) via the first slider (803) to control the angle of the Fabry-Perot sensor in the oil; A first sliding block (803) having a diameter smaller than the slide rail groove (810) and provided with an external thread, and used for driving the first rotating disk (804) to move laterally, with the travel being between the Fabry-Perot sensor transverse travel motor (801) and the limit block (811); The first rotating disk (804) is directly connected to the Fabry-Perot sensor rotating motor (802) and is controlled by the upper computer (1) and the motor control module (2). The first rotating disk (804) has a scale for distinguishing the angle change of the Fabry-Perot sensor (4). The first rotating disk (804) has a threaded hole and is connected to the Fabry-Perot sensor (4) via a Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod (812) and a Fabry-Perot sensor fixing inverted L-shaped inverted Ω clamp (813); The inner thread of the guide rail (805) cooperates with the outer thread of the first slider (803) to ensure the smooth movement of the first slider (803) in the guide rail groove (810); The sound source rotating motor (806) is connected via a second slider and a second rotating disk; A second sliding block, the diameter of which is smaller than the sliding rail groove (810), is provided with an external thread and is used to drive the lateral movement of the second rotating disk; The second turntable is directly connected to the sound source rotating motor (806) and is controlled by the upper computer (1) and the motor control module (2). The second turntable has a scale for distinguishing the angle change of the sound source. The second turntable has a threaded hole, which is connected to the sound source (7) via a sound source connecting rod (808) and a sound source fixing inverted Ω clamp (809), thereby controlling the angle of the sound source in the transformer oil; The sound source lateral travel motor (807) is driven by the motor control module (2) and is used to control the lateral movement of the sound source in the oil tank and adjust the distance between the sound source and the Fabry-Perot sensor (4); A Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod (812), used for connecting the first rotating disk (804) and the Fabry-Perot sensor; A sound source connecting rod (808), used to connect the second turntable and the sound source; A sound source fixing inverted Ω clamp (809) for clamping the sound source (7); The slide rail groove (810) limits the moving positions of the first slide block (803) and the second slide block, and a limit block (811) is provided in the middle to limit the travel of the sound source transverse travel motor (807) and the Fabry-Perot sensor transverse travel motor (801); The Fabry-Perot sensor is fixed with an inverted L-shaped inverted Ω clamp (813) to clamp the Fabry-Perot sensor (4) so ​​that the plane of its sensitive diaphragm coincides with the axis of the Fabry-Perot sensor connecting rod (812) to ensure that when the sensor rotates, the distance between the response sensitive area and the sound source remains unchanged; The slide holder (814) is used to firmly clamp the slide on the transformer model (5) to ensure the stability of the device during the test.

3. The sensitivity directivity testing device of the Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Fabry-Perot sensor (4) comprises a sensitive diaphragm, a Fabry-Perot cavity, a protective sleeve and a pigtail. The sensitive diaphragm senses external signals and generates vibrations. The vibrations cause changes in interference signals, thereby enabling subsequent phase or intensity demodulation to obtain signal characteristics.

4. The sensitivity directivity testing device of the Fabry-Perot sensor in transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound source (7) can emit sound signals of different frequencies, with the frequency range being between 20-300 kHz.

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