Candidate site determination method of radioactive waste repository and computer equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining a candidate site of a radioactive waste repository and computer equipment, and relates to the field of radioactive waste management.The method comprises the steps that preliminary evaluation is conducted on potential geological disasters caused by earthquakes in a research area section, remote sensing geological interpretation is conducted on the research area section, and primarily-selected rocks are screened; geological survey is conducted on the primarily selected rock blocks, and the lithology and the fracture surface distribution range of the granite body are generated; performing ground geophysical comprehensive detection on the primarily selected rock, and determining rock mass fracture distribution characteristics and rock mass form scale characteristics; drilling exploration and drilling geologic feature research are carried out on the primarily selected rock, and fracture deep features, rock deep integrity and rock deep lithology distribution features are determined; according to the method, the rock mass geologic model is constructed, the rock mass with the optimal geological condition in the granite body is screened to serve as the candidate site of the radioactive waste repository, geological problems related to the site of the repository are comprehensively and accurately found out, and the candidate site of the repository is accurately screened out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of radioactive waste management, and in particular to a method and computer equipment for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository. Background Art

[0002] High-level radioactive waste has the characteristics of high radioactivity, long half-life and high toxicity, making it extremely difficult to dispose of it safely. The internationally recognized safe disposal method is deep geological disposal.

[0003] The safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste is one of the important issues in the current field of nuclear energy utilization. As a solution for the long-term safe storage of high-level radioactive waste, geological disposal repositories require at least 20 years from site selection to final site determination, provided that the technology is mature and funding is sufficient. Geological surveys during the site selection process are crucial.

[0004] Granite is a suitable surrounding rock for high-level radioactive waste disposal repositories because of its small porosity (fresh rock), poor permeability, easy maintenance of a chemically closed system, and good stability.

[0005] The surrounding rock for storing high-level radioactive waste needs to have simple geological structure, large rock mass extension, single lithology, few cracks and should be widely filled with secondary minerals. However, the area of ​​the pre-selected site is often hundreds of square kilometers, and the structure of the granite body is complex, such as intrusion contact and interlacing of veins. Faults, fracture zones and other structures are often hidden in the deep granite body and have the characteristics of non-uniformity and non-continuity, which cannot be directly observed from the surface; the cost of obtaining core samples or conducting geophysical exploration through drilling is high, and the coverage is limited, resulting in limited data collection, and it is impossible to fully and accurately identify the geological characteristics of the site, and it is often difficult to screen candidate sites for disposal repositories. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and computer equipment for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository, so as to solve the problem of difficulty in screening candidate sites for the disposal repository.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for determining a candidate site for a radioactive waste disposal repository, comprising:

[0009] Conduct a preliminary assessment of potential geological hazards caused by earthquakes in the study area and determine preliminary assessment results;

[0010] Based on the preliminary evaluation results, remote sensing geological interpretation is conducted on the study area to determine the surface information of surrounding rock fractures and lithology, and to screen preliminary rock blocks;

[0011] Conduct geological survey on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the two-dimensional geological characteristics of the preliminarily selected rock blocks and generate the lithology and fracture surface distribution range of the entire granite body;

[0012] Conducting comprehensive ground geophysical survey on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the distribution characteristics of rock mass fractures and the morphological and scale characteristics of the rock mass;

[0013] Conducting drilling survey and drilling geological characteristic research on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the deep characteristics of the fractures, the deep integrity of the rock blocks, and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock blocks;

[0014] Constructing a rock mass geological model based on the surface information, the surface distribution range of lithology and fractures, the distribution characteristics of the rock mass fractures, the morphological and scale characteristics of the rock mass, the deep characteristics of the fractures, the deep integrity of the rock blocks, and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock blocks;

[0015] According to the rock mass geological model, rock blocks with optimal geological conditions in the granite mass are screened as candidate sites for radioactive waste disposal repositories.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application provides a computer device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement any of the above-described methods for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository.

[0017] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application discloses the following technical effects:

[0018] This application systematically establishes a geological survey method for the repository site by optimizing and combining remote sensing, special geological surveys, comprehensive geophysical detection, drilling surveys, comprehensive logging, three-dimensional modeling and other means, thereby solving the problems of difficult to accurately control the shape and scale of surrounding rocks, faults, fracture zones, etc., and difficult to assess the deep integrity of rock mass during the investigation of the repository site; through the integration of multiple technologies, this application can comprehensively and accurately identify the geological issues of concern to the repository site, accurately screen candidate sites for the repository, and provide strong technical support for the site selection and site evaluation of radioactive waste disposal repositories. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1A flow chart of a method for determining a candidate site for a radioactive waste disposal repository provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 A two-dimensional inversion geoelectric cross-section diagram of AMTAA' profile measurement provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the spatial location of a candidate site for a high-level radioactive waste disposal repository provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a computer device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0026] The present application embodiment provides a method for determining a candidate site for a radioactive waste disposal repository. The method is executed by a computer device, and specifically can be executed by a computer device such as a terminal or a server alone, or can be executed by a terminal and a server together. In the present application embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps.

[0027] S1: Conduct a preliminary assessment of potential geological hazards caused by earthquakes in the study area and determine the preliminary assessment results.

[0028] S2: Based on the preliminary evaluation results, remote sensing geological interpretation is performed on the study area to determine the surface information of surrounding rock fractures and lithology, and to screen preliminary rock blocks.

[0029] S3: Conducting geological survey on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the two-dimensional geological characteristics of the preliminarily selected rock blocks and generate the lithology and fracture surface distribution range of the entire granite body.

[0030] S4: Conducting comprehensive ground geophysical survey on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the distribution characteristics of rock mass fractures and the morphological and scale characteristics of the rock mass.

[0031] S5: Conducting drilling survey and drilling geological characteristic research on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the deep characteristics of the fractures, the deep integrity of the rock blocks, and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock blocks.

[0032] S6: Constructing a rock mass geological model according to the surface information, the surface distribution range of rock types and fractures, the distribution characteristics of rock mass fractures, the morphological and scale characteristics of the rock mass, the deep characteristics of the fractures, the deep integrity of the rock blocks, and the deep lithological distribution characteristics of the rock blocks.

[0033] S7: Based on the rock mass geological model, select rock blocks with optimal geological conditions in the granite mass as candidate sites for radioactive waste disposal.

[0034] In an exemplary embodiment, S1 may be replaced by the following steps.

[0035] S11: Analyze the geological and seismic characteristics of the pre-selected area based on regional geological structure, neotectonic movement, seismic structure and seismic activity data; the pre-selected area is the area within the first set range of the study area extrapolated.

[0036] Furthermore, the geological and seismic characteristics of the pre-selected area (extrapolated to a range of no less than 150km) are analyzed based on the regional geological structure, neotectonic movement, seismic structure, and seismic activity data.

[0037] In S11, the main workflow of the regional geological and seismic characteristics analysis of the pre-selected area is as follows:

[0038] A. Collect and organize regional geological, seismic and geophysical data and research results, and compile regional tectonic zoning maps, regional neotectonic maps, regional seismic tectonic maps, etc., with a scale of no less than 1:1000000.

[0039] B. Collect and compile a catalog of regional destructive earthquakes, analyze the distribution characteristics of seismic activity in space, time and intensity, the focal mechanism and characteristics of modern tectonic stress fields, the impact intensity of historical earthquakes on the project site, and evaluate the seismic activity trends and seismic environment in the area and surrounding areas.

[0040] C. Evaluate the activity of major faults in the region, including fault properties, distribution characteristics, the latest active era, and the relationship between major fault activity and seismic activity. Among them, major faults usually refer to faults with significant scale and activity in the region, which are usually recorded in the collected regional geological data; the location, geometric structure and distribution of faults can be determined through high-resolution remote sensing interpretation, geological and geomorphological surveys, seismic exploration, drilling or trenching, chronological sample collection and testing, etc., and the activity of faults can be preliminarily identified.

[0041] In S11, step A provides basic data and macro-framework for steps B and C. Based on step A, step B provides specific characteristics and trends of seismic activity for step C through seismic activity analysis. Step C is a deepening and refinement of steps A and B, focusing on the activity evaluation of major faults, providing more accurate geological and seismological basis for earthquake hazard assessment.

[0042] S12: Based on the geological and seismic characteristics, a fault activity survey and seismogenic structure evaluation are conducted in the vicinity of the preselected area to determine a quantitative risk assessment result of seismic safety; the vicinity of the preselected area is the area range of the study area extrapolated from the second set range.

[0043] Conduct fault activity survey and seismic structure evaluation in the vicinity of pre-selected areas (extrapolated range of no less than 25km).

[0044] In S12, the main workflow of the near-region fault activity investigation and seismogenic structure evaluation is as follows:

[0045] A. Prepare a near-field seismic structure map and an earthquake epicenter distribution map with a scale of no less than 1:250,000.

[0046] B. Catalog of earthquakes in the near field, analysis of seismic activity, including the intensity and frequency of seismic activity, spatial distribution characteristics of seismic activity density, and distribution characteristics of focal depth.

[0047] C. Conduct detailed geological and geomorphological surveys, trenching, fault fragmentation ESR dating, etc. on the main faults in the near-field area to determine the location, scale, occurrence, latest activity period and fault activity characteristics of the faults.

[0048] D. Through earthquake hazard analysis using the seismic tectonic method, the maximum historical earthquake method and the comprehensive probability method, determine the high value of the peak seismic acceleration SL-2 at the surface and 500m underground in the pre-selected area, and estimate the earthquake intensity under the average site conditions (Class II medium hard site) with a 50-year exceedance probability of 10%.

[0049] In S12, step A provides the basic geographical and structural background for the subsequent steps; step B conducts seismic activity analysis based on the maps of step A to provide data support for step C; step C is an in-depth analysis of the seismic activity analysis of step B, focusing on the activity evaluation of major faults; step D combines the results of steps A, B, and C to conduct a quantitative analysis of seismic hazards and provide a final quantitative risk assessment for seismic safety evaluation. These four steps are interdependent and gradually deepened, together forming a complete process for the investigation of near-regional fault activity and the evaluation of seismogenic structures.

[0050] S13: Based on the quantitative risk assessment result, the fault activity and active fault evaluation are performed on the area near the preselected section to determine the fault activity evaluation result; the area near the preselected section is the section range of the study area extrapolated from the third set range; the first set range>the second set range>the third set range.

[0051] Furthermore, a survey of fault activity and evaluation of active faults will be carried out near the pre-selected areas (extrapolated within a range of 5km).

[0052] In S13, the main workflow of the investigation of fault activity and evaluation of active faults near the pre-selected area is as follows:

[0053] A. Obtain geological and geomorphological evidence of the latest activity age and nature of the fault through natural sections or trench sections near the pre-selected area, and determine the fault plane of the last activity.

[0054] B. Collect dating samples of materials formed during the last activity inside the fault, and collect samples from the bottom of the Quaternary strata overlying the fault as much as possible. Try to collect age-dating samples using two different methods near each observation point and send them to the chronology laboratory for chronology testing.

[0055] C. Through the observation and analysis of the geological structure development characteristics revealed by the field outcrops and exploration trenches of the fault and its geological and geomorphological features, combined with the chronological test results of the age samples, a comprehensive assessment is made as to whether the investigation object is an active fault.

[0056] S14: Based on the geological and seismic characteristics, the quantitative risk assessment results and the fault activity evaluation results, a preliminary evaluation is conducted on the potential geological hazards caused by earthquakes in the study area to determine the preliminary evaluation results.

[0057] Furthermore, a preliminary assessment is made of the potential geological hazards caused by earthquakes in the area.

[0058] Combined with geotechnical engineering investigation data, the earthquake geological hazards in the area, including landslides, collapses, subsidence and earthquake liquefaction, are evaluated.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, S2 may be replaced by the following steps.

[0060] S21: When the preliminary evaluation result confirms that subversive factors have been excluded, the remote sensing data is processed, the geological elements are identified, and the processed remote sensing image is determined.

[0061] Furthermore, remote sensing data processing uses ArcGIS and MapGIS software as a platform to pre-process the remote sensing data through radiation processing, geometric correction, digital mosaicking, geocoding, etc., and enhance the remote sensing images to facilitate the distinction and identification of geological elements.

[0062] The main workflow of remote sensing data processing is as follows:

[0063] A. Purchase QuickBird remote sensing data (1:25,000 remote sensing images) from Digitalglobe, USA, with a range of 5 km extending from the rock mass boundary. The spatial resolution of QuickBird panchromatic band is 0.61m, and the spatial resolution of multispectral data is 2.44m. Also collect topographic data and geological information of the study area as auxiliary information for remote sensing interpretation.

[0064] B. Remote sensing data preprocessing, through radiation correction, atmospheric correction, geometric correction, image cropping, image mosaicking and color uniformity, geocoding, etc., complete data preprocessing to facilitate geological interpretation.

[0065] C. Image enhancement processing, mainly through histogram equalization, convolution enhancement, decorrelation stretching, false color synthesis, and resolution fusion processing, improves the visual effect of the image and enhances the recognizability of geological features.

[0066] D. After drawing the map frame, grid lines, coordinate annotations, scale, map name and other finishing elements in sequence, use high-precision printer to output them into high-quality images with continuous, clear and saturated colors on photographic paper for use in project interpretation.

[0067] S22: performing lithology and structural interpretation on the processed remote sensing image to determine a remote sensing geological interpretation map, and determining surface information of surrounding rock fractures and lithology based on the remote sensing geological interpretation map.

[0068] Furthermore, lithology and structure interpretation, with separable image markers characterized by specific color combinations or image structures and structures, delineates different stratigraphic and lithological units in the study area, and determines structural features such as faults and shear zones based on the extension, direction, scale, dislocation and other characteristics of linear image units.

[0069] The processing flow of lithology and structural interpretation is as follows:

[0070] A. Structural interpretation. Linear image units are standard image modes for faults and ductile shear zones. Characteristics of fault images and topography: linear images, straight valleys, sudden landform changes, showing a sudden change from a relatively flat landform to a low mountain landform. The interpretation work mainly determines the existence of structural features such as faults and shear zones based on the extension, direction, scale, dislocation and other characteristics of the linear image unit. The levels and periods are mainly divided according to the scale of the linear images and the interlaced composite relationship between them.

[0071] B. Stratigraphic interpretation. The stratigraphic image unit is mainly interpreted based on the color and texture information of the layered distribution, and its attribute is stratigraphic type. The stratigraphic rock is interpreted mainly through the color difference characteristics, combined with the characteristics of shadow patterns, water systems, landforms, etc.

[0072] C. Interpretation of intrusive rocks. Non-stratified image units are mainly divided based on topography, morphology and color information as interpretation and discrimination marks. This type of unit mainly represents granite intrusions. Granites are mostly round, lens-shaped, vein-shaped and irregular in shape, with obvious contact boundaries with surrounding rocks and mostly light in color. Different colors reflect the different types of intrusive rock bodies, while morphological characteristics reflect the occurrence and degree of erosion of intrusive rock bodies. The dykes are mainly linear and curved arc-shaped shadow patterns with a sense of convexity. They intersect with each other in some areas. Different types of dykes are mainly distinguished by color.

[0073] D. Verification of interpretation results. Remote sensing interpretation basically reflects the distribution of strata, rock masses, and vein rocks in the study area, outlines most geological boundaries, and predicts the existence of possible faults. Combined with subsequent special geological surveys, geological bodies and structural lines are mapped, the interpretation results are verified and validated, and the remote sensing interpretation results are corrected.

[0074] S23: Based on the surface information of surrounding rock fractures and lithology, the rock mass is divided into a number of rock blocks with the fractures on the remote sensing geological interpretation map as the boundary, and the rock blocks with an area larger than a set area and a single lithology in the rock mass are selected as preliminary rock blocks.

[0075] In an exemplary embodiment, S3 may be replaced by the following steps.

[0076] S31: Conducting internal investigation and analysis on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the internal geological information of the preliminarily selected rock blocks; the internal geological information includes lithology distribution, age, alteration and joint distribution.

[0077] Furthermore, the internal investigation of the preliminary selected rock blocks adopts positive measurement, sampling analysis and joint investigation to find out the geological information such as lithology distribution, age, alteration and joint distribution law in the preliminary selected rock blocks. The survey route is generally arranged in a "well" shape inside the rock block, and the profile is systematically measured and made. The route direction is as perpendicular to the rock block boundary as possible.

[0078] In S31, the main workflow of the internal investigation of the primary rock block is as follows:

[0079] A. Measure and prepare the main section of intrusive rocks at a ratio of 1:5000. The section should be selected in the area where various geological bodies are exposed relatively completely in the homologous magmatic sequence, the outcrops are basically continuous, the internal structural lines of the vertical deep-seated rock bodies are basically clear in the upper and lower relationships, and the structure is simple; divide the intrusive bodies, determine the mutual relationship, emplacement sequence, intrusion age and evolutionary relationship between the intrusive bodies, and study the emplacement mechanism; the intrusive bodies of the homologous magmatic evolutionary series can be further merged into units and superunits.

[0080] B. Guided by remote sensing interpretation signs, the route geological survey is mainly based on the main route crossing, supplemented by the tracing route, systematically surveying and making profiles, defining the mapping units, establishing the regional structural framework, and identifying the lithological and structural characteristics of the primary rock blocks. The route spacing is controlled at 500-1000m, and the point spacing is generally 300-500m. Rock specimens, optical thin section identification specimens, rock spectra, age isotopes, stable isotopes, workers' heavy sand and other samples are systematically collected for analysis and testing.

[0081] C. Surface fissure survey. Select about 2km in each primary rock block. 2 Conduct a surface fissure survey on a wide range, systematically record information including fissure number, location, direction, dip, length, width, depth, shape and filling material, and analyze the distribution pattern of the surface structural surface of the site.

[0082] S32: Investigate and analyze the boundaries of the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the boundary geological information of the preliminarily selected rock blocks; the boundary geological information includes the geological characteristics of fault zone sand fragments, breccia, granular rock, and pulverized rock, as well as various alteration phenomena.

[0083] Further, the boundary investigation of the preliminary selected rock blocks: the rock block boundaries can be divided into two categories: fractures and rock mass boundaries, with the former being the main type. Mainly through trenching and sampling analysis, the occurrence and detailed fracture characteristics of the rock block boundary fractures are determined. There should be 2 to 3 exploration trenches for each fracture that controls the rock block boundary. If the fracture between two adjacent rock blocks does not exist, the two rock blocks should be merged into one rock block and investigated according to the requirements of the preliminary selected rock blocks.

[0084] In the step S32, the main workflow of the preliminary rock block boundary investigation is as follows:

[0085] A. Trench layout. Combined with the results of remote sensing geological interpretation, conduct field surveys, observe topographical signs, and find fault evidence such as siliceous breccia, broken zones, crushed granular rock and crushed powder rock, polished surface, steps and alteration to prove the existence of faults. On the premise of preliminarily confirming the existence of faults, arrange the trenches in saddles with low coverage and narrow mountain valleys.

[0086] B. Trench construction. The construction depth is generally 1.5 to 2.5 m, and the detection width is generally 1.0 to 1.2 m. The trench wall is straight and free of loose soil, and the geological characteristics of bedrock, fault zone sand fragments, breccia, granular rock and crushed powder rock and various alteration phenomena can be clearly observed, achieving the purpose of exposing the fault zone and determining the fault occurrence.

[0087] C. Trench geological cataloging. Carefully observe and analyze the geological characteristics and various alteration phenomena of sand fragments, breccia, crushed rock, and crushed powder rock in the fault zone, and obtain as much geological information as possible. On this basis, perform stratification, measure the occurrence, and make detailed records and trench sketches.

[0088] S33: Investigate and analyze the periphery of the preliminary selected rock block to determine the peripheral geological information of the preliminary selected rock block; the peripheral geological information includes strata, rock mass and structure; the two-dimensional geological characteristics of the preliminary selected rock block include the internal geological information, the boundary geological information and the peripheral geological information.

[0089] The peripheral survey of the preliminarily selected rock blocks adopts a combination of simple survey and rough survey. The route geological survey is mainly based on the systematic route crossing, and the geological profile is selected in the structurally developed section to basically find out the geological information such as strata, rock mass, structure, etc.

[0090] In S33, the main workflow of the peripheral survey of the primary rock block is as follows:

[0091] A. Carry out simple geological survey and rough survey. The route spacing in the simple survey area is generally controlled at 700-1500m (i.e. the geological point density is 70% of the actual survey area), and the route spacing in the rough survey area is generally controlled at 1000-2000m (i.e. the geological point density is 50% of the actual survey area).

[0092] B. Geological route control must be utilized for the main regional tectonic belts and geological bodies. The degree of route control should be based on the principle of being able to accurately outline the geological structural form.

[0093] C. All fault structures within the area should be controlled by geological observation points and exploration trenches. Each fault should be controlled by at least three observation points, and faults without good outcrops should be controlled by at least one exploration trench.

[0094] S34: Determine the genesis and mineralization prospects of the rock mass based on the internal geological information, the boundary geological information and the peripheral geological information, and compile a geological map of the study area.

[0095] Furthermore, based on the research results of S31, S32, and S33, combined with mineral thin sections, geochemical test analysis, and isotope dating, the origin and mineralization prospects of the rock mass were preliminarily identified, and a 1:50,000 geological map of the study area was compiled.

[0096] S35: Generate the lithology and fracture surface distribution range of the entire granite body according to the geological map.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, S4 may be replaced by the following steps.

[0098] S41: Conduct ground magnetic surveying and scanning on the preselected area to determine the magnetic homogeneity information and magnetic anomaly zone information in the rock mass.

[0099] Furthermore, high-precision ground magnetic survey and scanning work was carried out in the pre-selected areas. On the one hand, the magnetic homogeneity information in the rock mass was roughly understood, and on the other hand, the audio magnetotelluric (AMT) project was arranged in a targeted manner for the magnetic anomaly belt information found in the magnetic survey and scanning.

[0100] S42: Based on the magnetic uniformity information of the rock mass and the magnetic anomaly zone information, AMT detection is performed on the pre-selected area, and the deep buried information of the internal structure of the rock mass is controlled in terms of area in the form of parallel sections to determine the distribution characteristics of the broken zone.

[0101] Furthermore, AMT detection is carried out on pre-selected areas to control the buried depth information of major structures in the rock mass in terms of area in the form of parallel sections, focusing on the distribution characteristics of the broken zone, especially its scale characteristics.

[0102] In the step S42, the main workflow of carrying out AMT detection on the pre-selected area is as follows:

[0103] A. Arrange 3 AMT sections to control the distribution of fault structures and deep morphological characteristics of rock mass in the pre-selected section. Among them, the AMTAA' section coincides with the measured geological section in the special geological lateral and is perpendicular to the rock mass and the main structural trend in the section. The AMTBB' section is parallel to the AMTAA' section, and the AMTCC' section is perpendicular to the AMTAA' section and the AMTBB' section.

[0104] B. Data Collection. AMT data collection uses a tensor observation method with a 4-component (Hx, Hy, Ex, Ey) acquisition station plus two 2-component (Ex, Ey) acquisition stations, using a regular 2D tensor observation device, and a single-point observation time of no less than 25 minutes.

[0105] C. Data processing and interpretation. The processing and interpretation of AMT data is mainly divided into four steps: data preprocessing, qualitative data analysis, data inversion and geological interpretation. Finally, the geoelectric section and geological interpretation results of each measurement section are obtained, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0106] S43: Based on the distribution characteristics of the fracture zone, shallow seismic detection is carried out in key areas inside the rock mass, and magnetotelluric (MT) detection is used to detect the contact morphology of the outer boundary of the rock mass and the structural distribution characteristics within the distance range from the outer boundary of the rock mass, so as to determine the distribution characteristics of rock mass fractures and the morphological and scale characteristics of the rock mass.

[0107] Furthermore, S43 conducts shallow seismic detection work in key areas within the rock mass that require further understanding by integrating the results of high-precision ground magnetic surveys with AMT detection results.

[0108] S44 uses MT detection as a technical means to detect the contact morphology of the outer boundary of the rock body and the distribution characteristics of its surrounding structures.

[0109] In an exemplary embodiment, S5 may be replaced by the following steps.

[0110] S51: Selecting a section of the preliminarily selected rock block with a single lithology and an open and flat surface for drilling survey to determine the deep characteristics of the fault.

[0111] S52: Based on the boreholes and cores used in borehole exploration, core geological logging, geophysical multi-parameter logging and borehole television measurement are used to determine the deep integrity of the rock block and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock block.

[0112] Furthermore, after S51, it also includes:

[0113] According to the deep characteristics of the fault, it is judged whether the scale and integrity of the deep granite in the currently selected area meet the requirements of the radioactive waste disposal repository. Furthermore, two relatively simple rock blocks with large areas are selected from the preliminary rock blocks, avoiding linear structures, and constructing a vertical hole of about 600m in each relatively open and flat area on the surface to determine whether the scale and integrity of the deep granite at the site meet the requirements of the disposal repository.

[0114] If the requirements of the radioactive waste disposal repository are met, holes will be drilled in the fractures of the rock mass to analyze the spatial distribution of shallow and deep structures and detailed rock mass characteristics. In the next step, according to the requirements, a batch of 100 and 600m boreholes will be constructed in the main fractures of the rock mass to study the spatial distribution of shallow and deep structures and detailed characteristics of the site.

[0115] Further, S52 can be replaced by the following steps.

[0116] S521: Based on the boreholes and cores used in the drilling survey, core geological logging is carried out. By observing the surface and interior of the core with the naked eye or a magnifying glass, a subjective understanding of the underground geological body is formed to determine the results of the core geological logging; the core geological logging includes the identification of minerals, lithology, joints and faults, the definition of geological boundaries, and the determination of the era of geological activity.

[0117] S522: Based on the core geological logging results, use a logging instrument to perform multi-parameter measurements on the borehole to determine measurement results; the measurement results include resistivity, density, natural gamma, sonic waves, well temperature, well diameter, etc.

[0118] S523: Using the borehole television as a tool, the geological information on the surface of the borehole wall is obtained. The geological information has directionality, and the so-called directionality means that it has both dip information and inclination information.

[0119] S524: Extracting the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock block and determining the deep integrity of the rock block based on the core geological logging results, measurement results and geological information on the borehole wall surface.

[0120] Comprehensive analysis of core geological logging, geophysical multi-parameter logging, and borehole television measurement are three different means of obtaining deep geological information, which can comprehensively and effectively extract deep geological information and evaluate the integrity of the deep geological environment of the site.

[0121] In an exemplary embodiment, S6 may be replaced by the following steps.

[0122] S61: Integrate the surface information, the surface distribution range of lithology and fractures, the distribution characteristics of rock mass fractures, the morphological and scale characteristics of rock mass, the deep characteristics of fractures, the deep integrity of rock blocks and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of rock blocks into a standard form of geological data according to a predetermined format.

[0123] Furthermore, the acquired multi-source geological data will be integrated, and data of different types and precisions need to be processed according to a predetermined format and organized into a standard form that the system can read and write, so as to perform integrated storage and management.

[0124] S62: Comprehensively interpret the geological data from a three-dimensional space to extract key information from the geological data; the key information includes the lithology scale of different strata, the scale of faults, the scale of joint alteration zones, the occurrence and spatial morphology.

[0125] Furthermore, the comprehensive interpretation specifically includes: 1. Establishing a unified coordinate system, spatially calibrating all maps, and preliminarily determining whether the spatial exposure positions of various geological bodies are consistent.

[0126] 2. Use remote sensing data and geological map data to extract the exposure trajectories of different lithological units and faults on the surface.

[0127] 3. Import the geophysical interpretation profile, combine it with the geological map information, determine which geological features (different stratigraphic lithologies, faults, joint alteration zones, etc.) the geophysical profile and anomaly correspond to, and preliminarily draw the corresponding geological profile based on the geophysical profile.

[0128] 4. Import drilling data (including geological cataloging, logging data, etc.) to conduct single-hole geological interpretation, delineate the distribution range and occurrence of different lithologies, faults, and joints under the surface, further correct the geological profile of geophysical interpretation, and correct the occurrence of strata and structures measured on the surface, so as to make the geological understanding obtained by various methods consistent.

[0129] Extracting key information specifically includes: 1. Establishing a unified coordinate system, spatially calibrating all maps, and preliminarily determining whether the spatial exposure positions of various geological bodies are consistent.

[0130] 2. Use remote sensing data and geological map data to extract the exposure trajectories of different lithological units and fault structures on the surface.

[0131] 3. Import the geophysical interpretation profile, combine it with the geological map information, determine which geological features (different stratigraphic lithologies, faults, joint alteration zones, etc.) the geophysical profile and anomaly correspond to, and preliminarily draw the corresponding geological profile based on the geophysical profile.

[0132] 4. Import drilling data (including geological cataloging, logging data, etc.) to conduct single-hole geological interpretation, delineate the distribution range and occurrence of different lithologies, faults, and joints under the surface, further correct the geological profile of geophysical interpretation, and correct the occurrence of strata and structures measured on the surface, so as to make the geological understanding obtained by various methods consistent.

[0133] S63: Based on the key information, the fault data and rock mass boundaries are processed, and the comprehensive interpretation results of the geological information are drawn as horizontal sections and vertical sections to generate a geological profile map; the geological information includes the internal geological information, the boundary geological information and the peripheral geological information.

[0134] S64: performing interpolation fitting processing on the same fault and stratum line data in the geological profile to generate a fault plane and a stratum surface.

[0135] S65: Converting a geological interface triangulated network set organized by the plane topological relationship between the fault plane and the stratum surface into a triangulated network set organized in the form of block topology, and generating a block model according to the surface topological relationship of the triangulated network set organized in the form of block topology; the block model is a rock mass geological model.

[0136] Furthermore, the rock mass geological model is a geological entity.

[0137] In an exemplary embodiment, a study area has an area of ​​several hundred square kilometers, but there are developed faults in the area. The rocks suitable for the disposal repository are the complete granite blocks cut by the faults that cut through the site. The rock blocks with the best geological conditions, i.e., relatively large area, single lithology, large enough volume, and good deep integrity (no cracks), are selected as candidate sites for the high-level waste disposal repository, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0138] This application involves conducting a seismic safety analysis study on the study area, making a preliminary evaluation of potential geological hazards caused by earthquakes in the area, and eliminating subversive factors; conducting remote sensing geological interpretation in the study area, basically mastering the surface information of the fractures and lithology of the disposal repository surrounding rocks, and selecting rock blocks with relatively good geological conditions; conducting special geological surveys to confirm the two-dimensional geological characteristics of the preliminarily selected rock blocks, and to identify the lithology and surface distribution characteristics of the fractures of the entire granite body; conducting comprehensive ground geophysical detection to identify the distribution characteristics of rock fractures and the morphological and scale characteristics of the rock mass; conducting drilling surveys to reveal the deep integrity and deep characteristics of fractures of the preliminarily selected rock blocks; conducting drilling geological characteristic studies, using core geological cataloging, geophysical multi-parameter logging, borehole television measurement, etc. as means to identify the deep integrity of the rock blocks and their lithological distribution characteristics; selecting favorable rock blocks to guide the next step of site survey. The present invention integrates multiple technologies to solve the problems of difficult to accurately control the shape and scale of surrounding rocks, faults, fracture zones, etc., and difficult to assess the deep integrity of rock mass during disposal repository site investigations. It can also comprehensively and accurately identify geological issues of concern to the site of a disposal repository, and provide strong technical support for the site selection and site evaluation of a geological disposal repository.

[0139] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, such as Figure 4 As shown, the computer device can be a server or a terminal. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, referred to as I / O) and a communication interface. Among them, the processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store characteristic data of candidate sites of a radioactive waste disposal repository. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for determining a candidate site of a radioactive waste disposal repository is implemented.

[0140] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the above method is implemented when the processor executes the computer program.

[0141] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program, which implements the above method when executed by a processor.

[0142] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the above method when executed by a processor.

[0143] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ReadOnlyMemory, ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (Magnetoresistive RandomAccess Memory, MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (Ferroelectric RandomAccess Memory, FRAM), phase change memory (Phase Change Memory, PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RandomAccess Memory, RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM may be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM).

[0144] In this application, all actions to obtain signals, information or data are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where they are located and with the authorization given by the owner of the corresponding device.

[0145] The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database may include a distributed database based on blockchain, etc., but is not limited thereto. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0146] The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0147] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining a candidate site for a radioactive waste disposal repository, characterized in that: The method for determining the candidate site of the radioactive waste disposal repository comprises: Conduct a preliminary evaluation of potential geological hazards caused by earthquakes in the study area and determine preliminary evaluation results; the study area includes the pre-selected area, the area near the pre-selected area and the area near the pre-selected area; Based on the preliminary evaluation results, remote sensing geological interpretation is conducted on the study area to determine the surface information of surrounding rock fractures and lithology, and to screen preliminary rock blocks; Conduct geological survey on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the two-dimensional geological characteristics of the preliminarily selected rock blocks and generate the lithology and fracture surface distribution range of the entire granite body; Conducting comprehensive ground geophysical survey on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the distribution characteristics of rock mass fractures and the morphological and scale characteristics of the rock mass; Conducting drilling survey and drilling geological characteristic research on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the deep characteristics of the fractures, the deep integrity of the rock blocks, and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock blocks; Constructing a rock mass geological model based on the surface information, the surface distribution range of lithology and fractures, the distribution characteristics of the rock mass fractures, the morphological and scale characteristics of the rock mass, the deep characteristics of the fractures, the deep integrity of the rock blocks, and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock blocks; According to the rock mass geological model, rock blocks with optimal geological conditions in the granite mass are screened as candidate sites for radioactive waste disposal repositories.

2. The method for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository according to claim 1, characterized in that: Conduct a preliminary assessment of potential geological hazards caused by earthquakes in the study area and determine the preliminary assessment results, including: Analyze the geological and seismic characteristics of the pre-selected area according to regional geological structure, neotectonic movement, seismic structure and seismic activity data; the pre-selected area is the area of ​​the study area that is extrapolated from the first set range; Based on the geological and seismic characteristics, a fault activity survey and seismogenic structure evaluation are conducted in the vicinity of the pre-selected section to determine a quantitative risk assessment result of seismic safety; the vicinity of the pre-selected section is the section range of the second set range extrapolated from the section of the study area; Based on the quantitative risk assessment result, the fault activity and active fault evaluation are performed on the area near the preselected section to determine the fault activity evaluation result; the area near the preselected section is the section range of the study area section extrapolated from the third set range; the first set range>the second set range>the third set range; Based on the geological and seismic characteristics, the quantitative risk assessment results and the fault activity evaluation results, a preliminary evaluation is conducted on the potential geological hazards caused by earthquakes in the study area to determine the preliminary evaluation results.

3. The method for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the preliminary evaluation results, remote sensing geological interpretation is carried out on the study area to determine the surface information of surrounding rock fractures and lithology, and to screen preliminary rock blocks, including: When the preliminary evaluation result confirms that subversive factors have been excluded, the remote sensing data of the research area is processed to identify geological elements and determine the processed remote sensing image; Performing lithology and structural interpretation on the processed remote sensing images to determine a remote sensing geological interpretation map, and determining surface information of surrounding rock fractures and lithology based on the remote sensing geological interpretation map; Based on the surface information of surrounding rock fractures and lithology, the rock mass is divided into several rock blocks with the fractures on the remote sensing geological interpretation map as the boundary, and the rock blocks with an area larger than the set area and a single lithology in the rock mass are selected as preliminary rock blocks.

4. The method for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository according to claim 1, characterized in that: Conducting geological surveys on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the two-dimensional geological characteristics of the preliminarily selected rock blocks and generate the lithology and fracture surface distribution range of the entire granite body, specifically including: Conducting internal investigation and analysis on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the internal geological information of the preliminarily selected rock blocks; the internal geological information includes lithology distribution, age, alteration and joint distribution; Investigate and analyze the boundaries of the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the boundary geological information of the preliminarily selected rock blocks; the boundary geological information includes the geological characteristics of fault zone sand fragments, breccia, granular rock, and pulverized rock, as well as various alteration phenomena; Conducting investigation and analysis on the periphery of the preliminarily selected rock block to determine the periphery geological information of the preliminarily selected rock block; the periphery geological information includes strata, rock mass and structure; the two-dimensional geological characteristics of the preliminarily selected rock block include the internal geological information, the boundary geological information and the periphery geological information; Determine the genesis and mineralization prospects of the rock mass based on the internal geological information, the boundary geological information and the peripheral geological information, and compile a geological map of the study area; Based on the geological map, the lithology and fracture surface distribution range of the entire granite body are generated.

5. The method for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository according to claim 1, characterized in that: Conducting comprehensive ground geophysical surveys on the preliminarily selected rock blocks to determine the distribution characteristics of rock mass fractures and rock mass morphology and scale characteristics, including: Conducting ground magnetic survey and scanning work on the pre-selected area to determine the magnetic homogeneity information and magnetic anomaly zone information in the rock body; Based on the magnetic homogeneity information in the rock mass and the magnetic anomaly zone information, AMT detection is performed on the preselected area to control the deep buried information of the rock mass internal structure in terms of area in the form of parallel sections to determine the distribution characteristics of the broken zone; Based on the distribution characteristics of the fracture zone, shallow seismic detection is carried out in key areas inside the rock mass, and MT detection means are used to detect the contact shape of the outer boundary of the rock mass and the structural distribution characteristics within the distance range from the outer boundary of the rock mass, so as to determine the distribution characteristics of rock mass fractures and the scale characteristics of rock mass shape.

6. The method for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository according to claim 1, characterized in that: Conduct drilling surveys and study the geological characteristics of the preliminary selected rock blocks to determine the deep characteristics of the faults, the deep integrity of the rock blocks, and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock blocks, including: Selecting a section of the preliminarily selected rock block with a single lithology and a wide and flat surface for drilling exploration to determine the deep characteristics of the fault; Based on the boreholes and cores in the drilling exploration, the deep integrity of the rock block and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock block are determined by means of core geological logging, geophysical multi-parameter logging and borehole television measurement.

7. The method for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository according to claim 6, characterized in that: Select the area with single lithology and open and flat surface in the preliminary selected rock blocks for drilling exploration to determine the deep characteristics of the fault, and then include: Based on the deep characteristics of the fault, determine whether the scale and integrity of the deep granite in the currently selected area meet the requirements of the radioactive waste disposal repository; If the requirements of a radioactive waste disposal repository are met, holes will be drilled into the fractures in the rock mass to analyze the spatial distribution of shallow and deep structures and detailed rock mass characteristics.

8. The method for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository according to claim 6, characterized in that: Based on the boreholes and cores in the borehole survey, the deep integrity of the rock block and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock block are determined by means of core geological logging, geophysical multi-parameter logging and borehole television measurement, including: Based on the boreholes and cores in the borehole survey, core geological logging is carried out to determine the results of core geological logging; the core geological logging includes the identification of minerals, lithology, joints and fractures, the definition of geological boundaries and the determination of the era of geological activities; Based on the core geological logging results, a multi-parameter measurement of the borehole is performed using a logging instrument to determine the measurement results; the measurement results include resistivity, density, natural gamma, sonic waves, well temperature and well diameter; Use borehole television as a tool to obtain geological information on the surface of the borehole wall; Based on the core geological logging results, measurement results and geological information on the borehole wall surface, the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock block are extracted to determine the deep integrity of the rock block.

9. The method for determining candidate sites for a radioactive waste disposal repository according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock mass geological model is constructed based on the surface information, the surface distribution range of lithology and fractures, the distribution characteristics of the rock mass fractures, the morphological and scale characteristics of the rock mass, the deep characteristics of the fractures, the deep integrity of the rock blocks, and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock blocks, specifically including: Integrate the surface information, the surface distribution range of lithology and fractures, the distribution characteristics of the rock mass fractures, the morphological and scale characteristics of the rock mass, the deep characteristics of the fractures, the deep integrity of the rock mass, and the deep lithology distribution characteristics of the rock mass into geological data in a standardized form according to a predetermined format; Comprehensively interpret the geological data from a three-dimensional perspective to extract key information from the geological data; the key information includes the scale of lithology of different strata, the scale of faults, the scale of joint alteration zones, the occurrence and spatial morphology; Based on the key information, the fault data and rock mass boundaries are processed, and the comprehensive interpretation results of the geological information are drawn into horizontal and vertical sections to generate a geological profile; the geological information is the two-dimensional geological characteristics of the preliminarily selected rock blocks; Perform interpolation fitting processing on the same fault and stratum line data in the geological profile to generate a fault plane and a stratum surface; The geological interface triangulated network set organized by the plane topological relationship between the fault plane and the stratum surface is converted into a triangulated network set organized in the form of block topology, and a block model is generated according to the surface topological relationship of the triangulated network set organized in the form of block topology; the block model is a rock mass geological model.

10. A computer device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for determining a candidate site for a radioactive waste disposal repository according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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