Space-based double-satellite asteroid positioning detection method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a space-based double-star asteroid positioning detection method and system, and belongs to the technical field of asteroid positioning detection, and the method comprises the steps: S1, comparing and analyzing images shot by a space-based constellation at the same time, numbering stars in the images one by one, comparing the positions of the stars in the two images, and screening out asteroids; s2, measuring the center distance between the asteroid image and the observation image, and measuring the offset angle of the asteroid in combination with the view field of the telescope; and S3, calculating the relative position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the earth according to the deviation angle of the asteroid. According to the invention, a simple, accurate and continuous asteroid observation scheme and a positioning method and system can be provided, and reliable reference is provided for prevention of asteroid threats.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of asteroid positioning detection, and in particular to a space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method and system. Background Art

[0002] The Earth, on which human beings depend for survival, is constantly threatened by various natural disasters. Among them, the impact of asteroids is one of the most serious types of threats that may cause the destruction of the Earth. It may cause global forest fires, changes in the atmospheric environment, drastic changes in global temperature, large-scale earthquakes, tsunamis, etc.

[0003] With the advancement of human exploration technology, as of January 2018, humans have conducted nearly 1.828 billion observations and discovered more than 750,000 asteroids, including more than 17,000 near-Earth asteroids, of which about 8,035 are larger than 140 meters in diameter and about 886 are larger than 1 km in diameter. With the continuous advancement of observation technology, the number of near-Earth objects discovered has increased rapidly in the past 10 years. However, there are still many difficulties in the positioning and orbit determination of asteroids, especially the progress of positioning technology is still very slow. The main reasons are as follows:

[0004] First, the accuracy of ground detection is difficult to guarantee. Atmospheric refraction will cause uncertainty in the path of the asteroid entering the telescope. This is because the atmospheric density fluctuates at different altitudes, and this fluctuation has a strong uncertainty, so it is difficult to correct the error caused by air refraction. In addition, since the asteroid is far away, a small angle of incidence error will cause a large position error.

[0005] Secondly, during space exploration, the scanning accuracy of space-based telescopes cannot be guaranteed. Space-based optical observation systems usually use passive detection methods, which have the advantages of longer observation distances, more accurate acquisition of the geometric characteristics of target celestial bodies, easy implementation of system payload technology, and the ability to conduct long-term continuous monitoring. Of course, space-based observation systems also have some defects of their own, such as: immature technology, and higher operating and maintenance costs than ground-based observation systems. In addition, due to the long distance of asteroids, it is difficult for a single satellite to identify the position changes of asteroids in a short period of time. Therefore, in addition to tracking existing asteroids, there are certain defects in identifying asteroids.

[0006] Third, the current process of asteroid orbit determination requires multiple assumptions and complex calculations. For example, when determining the orbit of an asteroid, it is necessary to first propose an orbital model of the asteroid, and then calculate based on the observed data to finally obtain the actual orbital parameters of the asteroid. Some of the ideal models used in the calculation process will bring errors, and these errors will accumulate, resulting in more obvious asteroid positioning errors.

[0007] In summary, the existing space-based and ground-based asteroid detection cannot meet the current needs of dangerous asteroid warning and defense in terms of detection accuracy and efficiency. Both ground-based monitoring and satellite monitoring are based on image data from a single point at different times, which will bring certain errors.

[0008] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method and system, which can provide a concise, accurate and continuous asteroid observation plan and positioning method and system, and provide a reliable reference for the prevention of asteroid threats.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method for application in a space-based constellation, the space-based constellation is composed of two satellites in geosynchronous orbit, the line connecting the satellites passes through the center of the earth, and the satellites are respectively equipped with optical telescopes, the axes of the telescopes are parallel to the equatorial plane of the earth and perpendicular to the line connecting the two satellites; the method comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1: Compare and analyze the images taken simultaneously by the space-based constellation, number the stars in the images one by one, compare the positions of the stars in the two images, and screen out asteroids;

[0012] S2: Measure the distance between the asteroid image and the center of the observed image, and measure the asteroid's deviation angle in combination with the telescope's field of view;

[0013] S3: Calculate the relative position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the Earth based on the asteroid's offset angle.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, by comparing the two images, the celestial body with different coordinates can be determined as an asteroid.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the offset angle of the asteroid is expressed as: the observation value of the image of the western satellite S1 is (Ф1, θ1), and the observation value of the image of the eastern satellite S2 is (Ф2, θ2), wherein θ1 and θ2 observed by the two satellites are equal, that is, θ1=θ2=θ.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the coordinates of the planet are expressed as:

[0017]

[0018] Among them, Ф is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the X-axis; θ is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the Z-axis; L is the distance between the two asteroids, which is 84,500 kilometers; in the relative position coordinate system, the center of the earth is the origin, the line connecting the two satellites is the X-axis, and the east direction is positive; the Y-axis is parallel to the optical axis of the satellite's telescope, and the direction of the telescope is positive; the Z-axis is perpendicular to the equatorial plane, and the north direction is positive.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are also included:

[0020] S4: Calculate the position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the sun based on the position of the earth on the day of observation and the relative position of the earth and the sun;

[0021] S5: Take photos at the same position of the satellite relative to the earth every day to find the same asteroid target, repeat the operations of steps S2-S4 to calculate the position coordinates of the asteroid, and calculate the orbit of the asteroid by analyzing the continuous changes in the position of the asteroid.

[0022] The present invention also provides a space-based double-star asteroid positioning and detection system, which is applied to a space-based constellation. The space-based constellation consists of two satellites in geosynchronous orbits. The line connecting the satellites passes through the center of the earth. The satellites are respectively equipped with optical telescopes. The axes of the telescopes are parallel to the equatorial plane of the earth and perpendicular to the line connecting the two satellites. The system includes:

[0023] The image acquisition module is used to compare and analyze the images taken simultaneously by the space-based constellation, number the stars in the images one by one, compare the positions of the stars in the two images, and screen out the stars with different coordinates to determine them as asteroids;

[0024] Angle measurement module, used to measure the distance between the asteroid image and the center of the observed image, and to measure the asteroid's deviation angle in combination with the telescope's field of view;

[0025] The planet position calculation module is used to calculate the relative position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the earth based on the offset angle of the asteroid.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the image acquisition module is used to compare two images, and the celestial body with different coordinates can be determined as an asteroid.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the angle measurement module, the offset angle of the asteroid is expressed as: the observation value of the image of the western satellite S1 is (Ф1, θ1), and the observation value of the image of the eastern satellite S2 is (Ф2, θ2), wherein θ1 and θ2 observed by the two satellites are equal, that is, θ1=θ2=θ.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the planet position calculation module, the coordinates of the planet are expressed as:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, Ф is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the X-axis; θ is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the Z-axis; L is the distance between the two asteroids, which is 84,500 kilometers; in the relative position coordinate system, the center of the earth is the origin, the line connecting the two satellites is the X-axis, and the east direction is positive; the Y-axis is parallel to the optical axis of the satellite's telescope, and the direction of the telescope is positive; the Z-axis is perpendicular to the equatorial plane, and the north direction is positive.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are also included:

[0032] The coordinate conversion module is used to calculate the position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the sun based on the position of the earth on the day of observation and the relative position of the earth and the sun;

[0033] The orbit calculation module is used to take photos at the same position of the satellite relative to the earth every day to find the same asteroid target, and calculate the orbit of the asteroid by analyzing the continuous changes in the position of the asteroid based on the position coordinates of the asteroid calculated by the coordinate conversion module.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, a space-based binary asteroid positioning and detection method and system according to the present invention, for the first time, proposes using a fixed binary constellation to scan and analyze positions near the ecliptic plane of the solar system based on the principle of human eye positioning. It can identify asteroids and perform simple and efficient positioning. The results are relatively reliable and can meet the needs of future dangerous asteroid collision warnings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a space-based binary asteroid positioning and detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of realizing asteroid positioning by a binary star constellation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a space-based binary asteroid positioning and detection system according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0039] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising”, etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0040] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, a space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied to a space-based constellation to observe asteroids. The composition of the space-based constellation is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the space-based constellation consists of two satellites in geosynchronous orbit. The line connecting the satellites passes through the center of the earth. The two satellites in the constellation scan the vicinity of the equatorial plane in a 24-hour cycle as the earth rotates. The satellites are equipped with high-resolution optical telescopes. The axes of the telescopes are parallel to the equatorial plane of the earth and perpendicular to the line connecting the two satellites. The two telescopes perform synchronous observations.

[0041] A space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0042] S1: Compare and analyze the images taken simultaneously by the space-based constellation, number the stars in the images one by one, compare the positions of the stars in the two images, and screen out asteroids.

[0043] Since stars are very far away from the Earth, the direction of light from stars is fixed relative to the Earth, and the position on the visible light observation image is also fixed. The position of the same star in the images obtained by the two satellites is also the same. Since there is a certain distance between the observation satellites (the distance between them is fixed), if the asteroid is not too far from the Earth and the telescopes on the satellites are pointed in the same direction, the position of the asteroid observed by the two satellites will be different in the observation image. Through calculation, the difference can be observed for asteroids within the orbit of Mars. By comparing the two images, stars with different coordinates can be determined to be asteroids.

[0044] S2: Measure the distance between the asteroid image and the center of the observed image, and measure the offset angle of the asteroid in combination with the field of view of the telescope, namely the offset angle of satellite S1 (Ф1, θ1) and the offset angle of satellite S2 (Ф2, θ2).

[0045] Specifically, by analyzing the two images taken simultaneously by the space-based constellation, the angle between the direction of the celestial body and the axis of the telescope can be obtained. Generally speaking, for stars, due to the distance of at least several light years, their light rays reach the two telescopes of the constellation nearly parallel. At this time, the axial deviation angles observed by the two telescopes are the same, that is, their positions are the same in the images of the two telescopes. For closer celestial bodies, the angles between the light emitted by the objects detected simultaneously by the two telescopes and their optical axes will be different. In this way, the asteroid and the line connecting the two telescopes form a triangle, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0046] Through measurement and calculation, the coordinates of the asteroid in the two telescope images are obtained. The offset angle of the asteroid can be expressed as: the observation value of the western satellite S1 image is (Ф1, θ1), and the observation value of the eastern satellite S2 image is (Ф2, θ2). Since asteroids generally move in the ecliptic plane, it can be considered that θ1 and θ2 observed by the two satellites are equal, that is, θ1=θ2=θ.

[0047] S3: Calculate the relative position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the Earth based on the asteroid's offset angle.

[0048] In the relative position coordinate system, the center of the earth is taken as the origin, the line connecting the two satellites is the X-axis, and the east direction is positive; the Y-axis is parallel to the optical axis of the satellite telescope, and the telescope direction is positive; the Z-axis is perpendicular to the equatorial plane, and the north direction is positive. The established coordinate system is as follows: Figure 1 Therefore, the coordinates of the planet can be expressed as:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, Ф is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the X-axis; θ is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the Z-axis; L is the distance between the two asteroids, which is 84,500 kilometers.

[0051] A space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method of the present invention may also include the following steps:

[0052] S4: Based on the position of the Earth on the day of observation and the relative position of the Earth and the Sun, calculate the position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the Sun.

[0053] The coordinate conversion is very complicated and involves the description of two coordinate systems. However, according to the existing data (such as Tian Wei. Determination and error analysis of the orbits of asteroids (469219) Kamo and Alewa [J]. Acta Astronomical Sciences, 2021, 62(2): 56-64), the scheme for converting from the geocentric coordinate system to the Hesinian coordinate system is very mature and can be used as a reference for conversion at any time.

[0054] S5: Take photos at the same position of the satellite relative to the earth every day to find the same asteroid target, repeat the operations of steps S2-S4 to calculate the position coordinates of the asteroid, and calculate the orbit of the asteroid by analyzing the continuous changes in the position of the asteroid.

[0055] Since the two satellites rotate at the same time as the Earth, it is equivalent to scanning the equatorial plane once a day, and the position of the asteroid in space does not change much during the day. Therefore, by recording the position coordinates of the asteroid every day, its orbit can be calculated.

[0056] Taking into account various sources of error, the more coordinate data the better (preferably more than 10). The closer the asteroid orbit is to the Earth, the fewer coordinate points are needed (3-5 are enough to calculate its orbit). Since binary satellite monitoring is equivalent to a scanning process of one week per day, it can track asteroids near the equatorial plane, so enough coordinate points can be obtained.

[0057] In the case of multiple observation data points, the specific calculation method can use the least squares method to fit the observation data to find the orbit model that best fits the observation results. By continuously adjusting the orbit parameters, the sum of square errors between the observation data and the calculated orbit position is minimized, thereby determining the optimal orbit parameter value. Other calculation methods can also be selected based on specific measurement parameters.

[0058] Taking Mars as an example, the method of the present invention is verified. On October 5, 2020, the satellite's offset angles are (0.00701, 0) and (-0.00369, 0), respectively. According to the formula in step S3 above, the coordinates of the far point of Mars relative to the geocentric-binary coordinate system can be calculated respectively:

[0059] X = 55541065 km

[0060] Y=6623.1km

[0061] Z=0km

[0062] According to observations and calculations, on October 5, 2020, the distance between Mars and the Earth was close to the minimum value of 55.758 million kilometers, which is basically consistent with the simulation calculation of step S3 in the present invention.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, a space-based binary asteroid positioning and detection system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied to a space-based constellation to observe asteroids. The composition of the space-based constellation is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the space-based constellation consists of two satellites in geosynchronous orbit. The line connecting the satellites passes through the center of the earth. The two satellites in the constellation scan the vicinity of the equatorial plane in a 24-hour cycle as the earth rotates. The satellites are equipped with high-resolution optical telescopes. The axes of the telescopes are parallel to the equatorial plane of the earth and perpendicular to the line connecting the two satellites. The two telescopes perform synchronous observations.

[0064] A space-based binary asteroid positioning detection system of the present invention comprises: an asteroid acquisition module 1, an angle measurement module 2 and a planet position calculation module 3.

[0065] The image acquisition module 1 is used to compare and analyze the images taken simultaneously by the space-based constellation, number the stars in the images one by one, compare the positions of the stars in the two images, and screen out asteroids.

[0066] Since stars are very far away from the Earth, the direction of light from stars is fixed relative to the Earth, and the position on the visible light observation image is also fixed. The position of the same star in the images obtained by the two satellites is also the same. Since there is a certain distance between the observation satellites (the distance between them is fixed), if the asteroid is not too far from the Earth and the telescopes on the satellites are pointed in the same direction, the position of the asteroid observed by the two satellites will be different in the observation image. Through calculation, the difference can be observed for asteroids within the orbit of Mars. By comparing the two images, stars with different coordinates can be determined to be asteroids.

[0067] Angle measurement module 2 is used to measure the distance between the asteroid image and the center of the observed image, and to measure the offset angle of the asteroid in combination with the field of view of the telescope, namely, the offset angle (Ф1, θ1) of satellite S1 and the offset angle (Ф2, θ2) of satellite S2.

[0068] Specifically, by analyzing the two images taken simultaneously by the space-based constellation, the angle between the direction of the celestial body and the axis of the telescope can be obtained. Generally speaking, for stars, due to the distance of at least several light years, their light rays reach the two telescopes of the constellation nearly parallel. At this time, the axial deviation angles observed by the two telescopes are the same, that is, their positions are the same in the images of the two telescopes. For closer celestial bodies, the angles between the light emitted by the objects detected simultaneously by the two telescopes and their optical axes will be different. In this way, the asteroid and the line connecting the two telescopes form a triangle, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0069] Through measurement and calculation, the coordinates of the asteroid in the two telescope images are obtained. The coordinates of the asteroid relative to the center of the earth can be expressed as: the observation value of the western satellite S1 image is (Ф1, θ1), and the observation value of the eastern satellite S2 image is (Ф2, θ2). Since asteroids generally move in the ecliptic plane, it can be considered that θ1 and θ2 measured at the two observation points are equal, that is, θ1=θ2=θ.

[0070] The planet position calculation module 3 is used to calculate the relative position coordinates of the asteroid with respect to the earth according to the offset angle of the asteroid.

[0071] In the relative position coordinate system, the center of the earth is taken as the origin, the line connecting the two satellites is the X-axis, and the east direction is positive; the Y-axis is parallel to the optical axis of the satellite telescope, and the telescope direction is positive; the Z-axis is perpendicular to the equatorial plane, and the north direction is positive. The established coordinate system is as follows: Figure 1 Therefore, the coordinates of the planet can be expressed as:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, Ф is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the X-axis; θ is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the Z-axis; L is the distance between the two asteroids, which is 84,500 kilometers.

[0074] The space-based binary asteroid positioning detection system of the present invention further includes: a coordinate conversion module 4 and an orbit calculation module 5.

[0075] The coordinate conversion module 4 is used to calculate the position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the sun based on the position of the earth on the day of observation and the relative position of the earth and the sun.

[0076] The coordinate conversion is very complicated and involves the description of two coordinate systems. However, according to the existing data (such as Tian Wei. Determination and error analysis of the orbits of asteroids (469219) Kamo and Alewa [J]. Acta Astronomical Sciences, 2021, 62(2): 56-64), the scheme for converting from the geocentric coordinate system to the Hesinian coordinate system is very mature and can be used as a reference for conversion at any time.

[0077] The orbit calculation module 5 is used to take photos at the same position of the satellite relative to the earth every day to find the same asteroid target, and calculate the orbit of the asteroid by analyzing the continuous changes in the position of the asteroid based on the position coordinates of the asteroid calculated by the coordinate conversion module 4.

[0078] Since the two satellites rotate at the same time as the Earth, it is equivalent to scanning the equatorial plane once a day, and the position of the asteroid in space does not change much during the day. Therefore, by recording the position coordinates of the asteroid every day, its orbit can be calculated.

[0079] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method, characterized in that: The method is applied to a space-based constellation, which is composed of two satellites in geosynchronous orbits, the line connecting the satellites passes through the center of the earth, and the satellites are respectively equipped with optical telescopes, the axes of the telescopes are parallel to the equatorial plane of the earth and perpendicular to the line connecting the two satellites; the method comprises the following steps: S1: Compare and analyze the images taken simultaneously by the space-based constellation, number the stars in the images one by one, compare the positions of the stars in the two images, and screen out asteroids; S2: Measure the distance between the asteroid image and the center of the observed image, and measure the asteroid's deviation angle in combination with the telescope's field of view; S3: Calculate the relative position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the Earth based on the asteroid's offset angle.

2. The space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, by comparing the two images, the celestial bodies with different coordinates can be determined to be asteroids.

3. The space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the offset angle of the asteroid is expressed as: the observation value of the image of the western satellite S1 is (Ф1, θ1), and the observation value of the image of the eastern satellite S2 is (Ф2, θ2), where θ1 and θ2 observed by the two satellites are equal, that is, θ1=θ2=θ.

4. The space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, the coordinates of the planet are expressed as: Among them, Ф is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the X-axis; θ is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the Z-axis; L is the distance between the two asteroids, which is 84,500 kilometers; in the relative position coordinate system, the center of the earth is the origin, the line connecting the two satellites is the X-axis, and the east direction is positive; the Y-axis is parallel to the optical axis of the satellite's telescope, and the direction of the telescope is positive; the Z-axis is perpendicular to the equatorial plane, and the north direction is positive.

5. The space-based binary asteroid positioning detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S4: Calculate the position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the sun based on the position of the earth on the day of observation and the relative position of the earth and the sun; S5: Take photos at the same position of the satellite relative to the earth every day to find the same asteroid target, repeat the operations of steps S2-S4 to calculate the position coordinates of the asteroid, and calculate the orbit of the asteroid by analyzing the continuous changes in the position of the asteroid.

6. A space-based binary asteroid positioning and detection system, characterized in that: Applied in a space-based constellation, the space-based constellation consists of two satellites in geosynchronous orbits, the line connecting the satellites passes through the center of the earth, and the satellites are respectively equipped with optical telescopes, the axes of the telescopes are parallel to the equatorial plane of the earth and perpendicular to the line connecting the two satellites; the system includes: The image acquisition module is used to compare and analyze the images taken simultaneously by the space-based constellation, number the stars in the images one by one, compare the positions of the stars in the two images, and screen out the stars with different coordinates to determine them as asteroids; Angle measurement module, used to measure the distance between the asteroid image and the center of the observed image, and to measure the asteroid's deviation angle in combination with the telescope's field of view; The planet position calculation module is used to calculate the relative position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the earth based on the offset angle of the asteroid.

7. The space-based binary asteroid positioning detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The image acquisition module is used to determine that a celestial body with different coordinates is an asteroid by comparing two images.

8. The space-based binary asteroid positioning detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the angle measurement module, the offset angle of the asteroid is expressed as follows: the observation value of the image of the western satellite S1 is (Ф1, θ1), and the observation value of the image of the eastern satellite S2 is (Ф2, θ2), where θ1 and θ2 observed by the two satellites are equal, that is, θ1=θ2=θ.

9. The space-based binary asteroid positioning detection system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: In the planet position calculation module, the coordinates of the planet are expressed as: Among them, Ф is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the X-axis; θ is the angle between the line connecting the satellite and the asteroid and the Z-axis; L is the distance between the two asteroids, which is 84,500 kilometers; in the relative position coordinate system, the center of the earth is the origin, the line connecting the two satellites is the X-axis, and the east direction is positive; the Y-axis is parallel to the optical axis of the satellite's telescope, and the direction of the telescope is positive; the Z-axis is perpendicular to the equatorial plane, and the north direction is positive.

10. The space-based binary asteroid positioning detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The coordinate conversion module is used to calculate the position coordinates of the asteroid relative to the sun based on the position of the earth on the day of observation and the relative position of the earth and the sun; The orbit calculation module is used to take photos at the same position of the satellite relative to the earth every day to find the same asteroid target, and calculate the orbit of the asteroid by analyzing the continuous changes in the position of the asteroid based on the position coordinates of the asteroid calculated by the coordinate conversion module.

Images