Battery device and electric device

Abstract

The invention provides a battery device and a power utilization device. The battery device comprises a heat exchange component and a plurality of single batteries, and at least part of the single batteries are arranged at intervals in the first direction. The heat exchange part is arranged between the adjacent battery monomers in the first direction and is attached to the battery monomers, the heat exchange part comprises a heat exchange main body and a protection function part, the protection function part is connected to at least one side of the heat exchange main body in the first direction, and the protection function part comprises a protection layer; and the protective layer is configured to be capable of reducing the self heat conductivity coefficient when the temperature of the protective layer reaches a preset threshold value. According to the invention, the reliability of the battery device can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy technology, batteries are used more and more widely, for example, in mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools, etc.

[0003] In the development of battery technology, the reliability of battery devices will directly affect the reliability, use cost and user experience of terminal products. Therefore, how to effectively improve the reliability of battery devices is a technical issue that needs to be continuously improved in battery technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a battery device and an electrical device, which can effectively improve the reliability of the battery device.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery device, the battery device comprising a heat exchange component and a plurality of battery cells, at least some of the battery cells of the plurality of battery cells being arranged at intervals along a first direction. The heat exchange component is arranged between the battery cells adjacent to each other along the first direction and abuts against the battery cells, the heat exchange component comprises a heat exchange body and a protective functional part, the protective functional part is connected to at least one side of the heat exchange body along the first direction, the protective functional part comprises a protective layer, and the protective layer is configured to reduce its own thermal conductivity when the temperature to which it is subjected reaches a preset threshold.

[0006] On the one hand, during the normal operation of the battery device, the heat exchange component can enhance the heat exchange efficiency of the battery cell, thereby effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell. On the other hand, even when thermal runaway occurs in some battery cells, the protective layer can reduce its own thermal conductivity to block the heat generated by the battery cell from being transferred to other normal battery cells to a certain extent, reducing the heat diffusion inside the battery device, thereby effectively reducing the risk of damage to other normal battery cells. In this way, the above technical solution can effectively improve the reliability of the battery device. In addition, the protection function part is integrated with the heat exchange body, which is convenient for production and assembly, which can not only improve the overall structural compactness of the battery device, but also help reduce costs.

[0007] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the protective layer includes an expansion body and a cavity, the expansion body is made of a heat insulating material, the cavity is disposed in the expansion body, and the expansion body is configured to expand when the temperature to which it is subjected reaches a preset threshold.

[0008] The design of the expansion body and cavity of the above technical solution has both dynamic adaptability and multiple protection capabilities. Under normal conditions, the cavity can provide a good heat exchange environment for the battery cell and the heat exchange body; under extreme conditions, the expansion mechanism of the expansion body triggers thermal insulation protection, reduces heat diffusion inside the battery device, and improves the reliability of the battery device.

[0009] In some embodiments of the first aspect, there are multiple cavities, and the multiple cavities are arranged at intervals along a direction intersecting the first direction.

[0010] By further increasing the number of cavities, the heat exchange efficiency between the battery cells and the heat exchange body can be further improved under normal operating conditions of the battery device.

[0011] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the expansion body is configured to recover when the temperature to which it is subjected is lower than a preset threshold.

[0012] The expansion body of the above technical solution is configured to have reversible expansion performance, which can make the protective functional parts reusable, greatly reducing the maintenance cost of the battery device. In addition, it can also reduce the generation of waste, which is in line with the design concept of green environmental protection.

[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the cavity runs through both ends of the expansion body along the first direction.

[0014] The heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange component and the battery cell can be further improved when the battery device is working normally.

[0015] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the protective functional component further includes a heat-conducting layer, and the heat-conducting layer and the protective layer are stacked along the first direction.

[0016] During normal operation of the battery device, the heat conductive layer can enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange component and the battery cell, thereby effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell.

[0017] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the thermally conductive layer includes a first sublayer and a second sublayer, and the first sublayer and the second sublayer are stacked along a first direction. The thermal conductivity of the first sublayer in a direction parallel to a first plane is greater than the thermal conductivity of the second sublayer in a direction parallel to the first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the first direction. The thermal conductivity of the second sublayer in the first direction is greater than the thermal conductivity of the first sublayer in the first direction.

[0018] The above technical solution can effectively improve the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting layer by differentially designing and matching the thermal conductivity of the first sublayer and the second sublayer. In addition, the stacking design of the first sublayer and the second sublayer can, on the one hand, adjust the materials and thickness of the first sublayer and the second sublayer respectively according to specific needs, which can improve the adaptability of the heat-conducting layer; on the other hand, it can also reduce the difficulty of preparation and help reduce costs.

[0019] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first sublayer includes graphene, and the graphene is arranged along a direction parallel to the first plane. The second sublayer includes carbon nanotubes, and the axial direction of the carbon nanotubes is parallel to the first direction.

[0020] The material selection and directional design of graphene and carbon nanotubes in the above technical solution complement each other, and combined with the stacked structure, a directional distribution of thermal conductivity is achieved, thereby reducing material costs and structural weight while meeting heat dissipation requirements, which helps to improve the overall economic benefits of the battery device.

[0021] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the density of graphene is greater than the density of carbon nanotubes.

[0022] The above technical solution achieves a balance between thermal management performance and material performance by differentially designing graphene and carbon nanotubes in terms of density. The high-density design of graphene in the first sublayer enhances the thermal diffusion performance in the direction parallel to the first plane, while the low-density design of carbon nanotubes in the second sublayer helps to reduce the weight of the overall structure while providing thermal conductivity and structural flexibility in the first direction. In addition, compared with carbon nanotubes, graphene is easier to form a high-density structure through a stacking process, which helps to reduce the difficulty of preparing the overall thermal conductive layer.

[0023] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first sublayer includes a first thermally conductive material and a second thermally conductive material, the thermal conductivity of the first thermally conductive material is greater than the thermal conductivity of the second thermally conductive material, and the structural strength of the second thermally conductive material is greater than the structural strength of the first thermally conductive material.

[0024] The above technical solution combines the first thermally conductive material with the second thermally conductive material, so that the first sublayer can enhance the overall mechanical stability while ensuring efficient heat dissipation performance, so that it can better withstand the stress caused by external forces and thermal cycles, thereby extending the service life of the thermal conductive layer.

[0025] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first thermally conductive material includes a single layer of graphene, and the second thermally conductive material includes a multilayer of graphene.

[0026] The above technical solution uses only a single graphene material and adjusts its structure to achieve efficient heat dissipation performance for the first sublayer while improving overall mechanical stability, thereby reducing the difficulty of preparing the first sublayer and helping to reduce costs.

[0027] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the protective functional part also includes protective particles, which are connected to the heat conductive layer. The protective particles include a shell and an insulator, the insulator is arranged inside the shell, and the shell is configured to rupture and release the insulator when the temperature it is subjected to reaches a preset threshold.

[0028] The above technical solution can form a dual protection mechanism by introducing protective particles and cooperating with the protective layer, thereby further improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0029] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the protection particles are embedded in the interior of the thermally conductive layer.

[0030] On the one hand, the above technical solution can improve the overall structural compactness of the protective functional parts; on the other hand, the thermal conductive layer can also play a certain protective role on the protective particles, reducing the risk of failure caused by damage to the protective particles by the external environment.

[0031] In some embodiments of the first aspect, a thermal conductivity of the housing is greater than a thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive layer.

[0032] During normal operation of the battery device, the shell can further enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange component and the battery cell.

[0033] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the number of the heat-conducting layers is two, and the protective layer is disposed between the two heat-conducting layers.

[0034] On the one hand, it can further improve the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange component; on the other hand, the heat conductive layer can also play a certain protective role for the protective layer, reducing the risk of failure of the protective layer due to damage from the external environment.

[0035] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the number of the protective functional parts is two, and the two protective functional parts are respectively connected to two opposite sides of the heat exchange body along the first direction.

[0036] When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the protective functional components located on both sides of the battery cell along the first direction can simultaneously trigger the protection mechanism to insulate the battery cell, thereby further reducing heat diffusion and further improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0037] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the heat exchange component is close to the large surface of the battery cell, which can increase the contact area between the heat exchange component and the battery cell, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electrical device, comprising a battery device provided by any embodiment of the first aspect, and the battery device is used to store or provide electrical energy.

[0039] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell and a heat exchange component of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a heat exchange component of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along AA; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at H; Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a protective functional component of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another protective functional component of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a protective functional component of another battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Fig.10 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a protective functional component of another battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of protective particles of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along BB.

[0041] The reference numerals in the specific implementation manner are as follows: 1. Vehicle; 2. Battery device; 3. Controller; 4. Motor; 5. Box; 6. Battery module; 10. Battery cells; 20. heat exchange component; 21. heat exchange main body; 22. protective functional part; 221. heat conductive layer; 2211. first sublayer; 2212. second sublayer; 222. protective layer; 2221. expansion body; 2222. cavity; 223. protective particles; 2231. shell; 2232. heat insulator; X, first direction; Y, second direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship.

[0044] Reference to "embodiment" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] The term "and / or" in this application is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0047] In the embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of the present application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the integrated device are only exemplary descriptions and should not constitute any limitation to the present application.

[0048] The term “plurality” used in this application refers to two or more (including two).

[0049] In the present application, the term "parallel" includes not only the absolutely parallel situation, but also the roughly parallel situation conventionally recognized in engineering; meanwhile, "vertical" includes not only the absolutely vertical situation, but also the roughly vertical situation conventionally recognized in engineering.

[0050] In the present application, the battery cell may include a lithium-ion secondary battery cell, a lithium-ion primary battery cell, a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-lithium-ion battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell or a magnesium-ion battery cell, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The battery cell may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0051] The battery device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include one or more battery cells to provide a single physical module with higher voltage and capacity. When there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are connected in series, in parallel or in mixed connection through a busbar component.

[0052] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery module; when there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are arranged and fixed to form a battery module.

[0053] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a case and battery cells, wherein the battery cells or battery modules are accommodated in the case.

[0054] In some embodiments, the box body can be used as a part of the chassis structure of the vehicle. For example, part of the box body can become at least a part of the floor of the vehicle, or part of the box body can become at least a part of the cross beam and longitudinal beam of the vehicle.

[0055] In some embodiments, the battery device may be an energy storage device, which includes an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, and the like.

[0056] With the development of new energy technology, batteries are used more and more widely, for example, in mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools, etc.

[0057] In the development of battery technology, the reliability of battery devices will directly affect the reliability, usage cost and user experience of the end products.

[0058] A battery generally includes a plurality of battery cells and a heat exchange component. The heat exchange component is attached to the battery cell and is used to exchange heat with the battery cell to remove heat from the battery cell. However, in some cases, such as when the heat exchange component fails and some battery cells experience thermal runaway, the heat will be quickly transferred to other normal battery cells, thereby causing damage to other normal battery cells. The related art is less effective in preventing heat from being transferred between adjacent battery cells when the battery cell is in thermal runaway, which seriously affects the reliability of the battery device.

[0059] Based on the above considerations, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery device, which includes a heat exchange component and a plurality of battery cells, at least some of which are arranged at intervals along a first direction. The heat exchange component is arranged between adjacent battery cells along the first direction and abuts against the battery cells, and the heat exchange component includes a heat exchange body and a protective functional part, which is connected to at least one side of the heat exchange body along the first direction. The protective functional part includes a protective layer, which is configured to reduce its own thermal conductivity when the temperature it is subjected to reaches a preset threshold.

[0060] On the one hand, during the normal operation of the battery device, the heat exchange component can enhance the heat exchange efficiency of the battery cell, thereby effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell. On the other hand, even when thermal runaway occurs in some battery cells, the protective layer can reduce its own thermal conductivity to block the heat generated by the battery cell from being transferred to other normal battery cells to a certain extent, reducing the heat diffusion inside the battery device, thereby effectively reducing the risk of damage to other normal battery cells. In this way, the above technical solution can effectively improve the reliability of the battery device. In addition, the protection function part is integrated with the heat exchange body, which is convenient for production and assembly, which can not only improve the overall structural compactness of the battery device, but also help reduce costs.

[0061] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to battery devices and electrical devices using the battery devices.

[0062] Electrical devices may be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, electric tools, etc. Vehicles may be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles may be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles and spacecrafts, etc. Electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc. Electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and electric planers, etc.

[0063] It should be understood that the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the battery devices and electrical devices described above, but can also be applied to all battery devices including battery boxes and electrical devices using battery devices. However, for the sake of simplicity, the following embodiments are described using electric vehicles as examples.

[0064] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided for some embodiments of the present application.

[0065] Continue to refer Figure 1 The vehicle 1 is provided with a battery device 2 inside, and the battery device 2 can be provided at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1. The battery device 2 can be used for powering the vehicle 1, for example, the battery device 2 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1.

[0066] The vehicle 1 may further include a controller 3 and a motor 4 , wherein the controller 3 is used to control the battery device 2 to supply power to the motor 4 , for example, to meet the power requirements of starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1 .

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 2 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0068] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell and a heat exchange component of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a heat exchange component of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along AA, Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at H, Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a protective functional component of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0069] Continue to refer Figures 2 to 7 The embodiment of the present application provides a battery device, the battery device includes a heat exchange component 20 and a plurality of battery cells 10, at least some of the battery cells 10 are arranged at intervals along a first direction X. The heat exchange component 20 is arranged between the battery cells 10 adjacent to each other along the first direction X and is attached to the battery cells 10, the heat exchange component 20 includes a heat exchange body 21 and a protective functional component 22, the protective functional component 22 is connected to at least one side of the heat exchange body 21 along the first direction X. The protective functional component 22 includes a protective layer 222, and the protective layer 222 is configured to reduce its own thermal conductivity when the temperature it is subjected to reaches a preset threshold.

[0070] As an example, the battery device also includes a box body 5, and the battery cells 10 and the heat exchange component 20 are all accommodated in the box body 5. The box body 5 can be a variety of structures, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. The battery cell 10 can be one or more. If there are multiple battery cells 10, the multiple battery cells 10 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 10 are both connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells 10 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 10 is accommodated in the box body 5; of course, multiple battery cells 10 can also be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection to form a battery module 6, and then the multiple battery modules 6 are connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box body 5.

[0071] In some examples, there are multiple battery cells 10, and the multiple battery cells 10 are first connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed series to form a battery module 6. The multiple battery modules 6 are then connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed series to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 5.

[0072] The multiple battery cells 10 in the battery module 6 can be electrically connected through a busbar component to achieve parallel connection, series connection, or mixed connection of the multiple battery cells 10 in the battery module 6 .

[0073] In some examples, a portion of the battery cells 10 of the plurality of battery cells 10 are arranged along the second direction Y to form a battery module 6, and the second direction Y intersects the first direction X. There are a plurality of battery modules 6, and the plurality of battery modules 6 are arranged at intervals in the first direction X. The heat exchange component 20 is arranged between two adjacent battery modules 6 and abuts against the battery cells 10.

[0074] In some examples, the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y.

[0075] For example, the heat exchange component 20 can be heat-conductively connected (e.g., attached) to at least a portion of the battery cell 10, and the heat exchange medium flows in the heat exchange body 21 and exchanges heat with the battery cell 10 through the side wall of the heat exchange body 21. When the temperature of the battery cell 10 is too high, the heat exchange component 20 can cool the battery cell 10; when the temperature of the battery cell 10 is too low, the heat exchange component 20 can keep the battery cell 10 warm to increase the service life of the battery.

[0076] As an example, a channel is provided inside the heat exchange body 21, and the channel is used to accommodate the heat exchange medium. The side wall of the heat exchange body 21 refers to the part surrounding the channel.

[0077] The channel inside the heat exchange body 21 may extend along a straight line or a curve, which can be selected according to the actual application environment.

[0078] In some examples, the heat exchange component 20 may be disposed between two adjacent battery cells 10 .

[0079] In some examples, the battery cell 10 may be disposed between two adjacent heat exchange components 20 , such that both sides of each battery cell 10 are in contact with the two heat exchange components 20 , respectively.

[0080] In some examples, the heat exchange component 20 contacts the side wall of the battery cell 10 with the largest area to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the battery.

[0081] In some examples, a plurality of heat exchange components 20 may be connected via connecting pipes to achieve connection between the heat exchange components 20 and circulation of the heat exchange medium.

[0082] Optionally, the heat exchange medium may be a liquid or a gas, etc., wherein the liquid may be but is not limited to water, hot oil, ethylene glycol, alcohol, etc.; the gas may be but is not limited to air, nitrogen, or hydrogen, etc.

[0083] Optionally, the heat exchange body 21 can be but is not limited to being made of metal or non-metallic materials. For example, the metal material can be copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy or stainless steel, etc., and the non-metallic material can be ceramic, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyimide or polyamide, etc.

[0084] The protective functional component 22 may be disposed on one side of the heat exchange body 21 along the first direction X, or may be disposed on two opposite sides of the heat exchange body 21 along the first direction X.

[0085] The protective functional component 22 is sandwiched between the heat exchange body 21 and the battery cell 10 .

[0086] The protective function part 22 can be detachably connected to the heat exchange body 21, or can be integrally arranged on the heat exchange body 21. The protective function part 22 can be directly connected to the heat exchange body 21, or can be restricted on the heat exchange body 21 through other components.

[0087] The protective functional component 22 is integrated with the heat exchange body 21, which is convenient for production and assembly, and can not only improve the overall structural compactness of the battery device, but also help reduce costs.

[0088] The protection layer 222 is used to automatically trigger a protection mechanism to reduce its own thermal conductivity when the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, thereby blocking the heat generated by the battery cell 10 from being transferred to other normal battery cells 10 to a certain extent, and reducing heat diffusion inside the battery device.

[0089] When the temperature of the protective layer 222 reaches a preset threshold, the material properties of the protective layer 222 will change to reduce its own thermal conductivity, thereby blocking the transfer of heat to a certain extent. It should be noted that the preset threshold can be a temperature range or a temperature value. The specific selection can be based on the actual application environment.

[0090] As an example, the preset threshold may be 80°C-120°C. When the protective layer 222 is subjected to a temperature in the range of 80°C-120°C or higher than 80°C-120°C, the material properties of the protective layer 222 may change to reduce its own thermal conductivity, thereby blocking heat transfer to a certain extent.

[0091] As an example, the preset threshold may be 105° C. When the temperature to which the protective layer 222 is subjected reaches or exceeds 105° C., the material properties of the protective layer 222 may change to reduce its own thermal conductivity, thereby blocking heat transfer to a certain extent.

[0092] In some examples, the protective layer 222 may be made of a thermosensitive phase change material, which absorbs or reduces heat transfer through physical expansion or phase change, thereby significantly reducing the heat diffusion rate, such as thermoplastic polyurethane, expanded graphite, or paraffin-based phase change material.

[0093] In some examples, the protective layer 222 may be made of a thermo-induced shape memory polymer, which is a polymer material that can recover or change shape in response to temperature changes. The principle is mainly based on the thermal responsiveness of the material and the cross-linked structure of the molecular chain. Under heating conditions, the cross-linked structure between the molecular chains will change, allowing the material to change shape and cooperate with the corresponding thermal insulation material to absorb or reduce heat transfer.

[0094] On the one hand, during the normal operation of the battery device, the heat exchange component 20 can enhance the heat exchange efficiency of the battery cell 10, thereby effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 10. On the other hand, even when some battery cells 10 experience thermal runaway, the protective layer 222 can reduce its own thermal conductivity to block the heat generated by the battery cell 10 from being transferred to other normal battery cells 10 to a certain extent, reducing the heat diffusion inside the battery device, thereby effectively reducing the risk of damage to other normal battery cells 10. In this way, the above technical solution can effectively improve the reliability of the battery device. In addition, the protective functional part 22 is integrated with the heat exchange body 21, which is convenient for production and assembly, which can not only improve the overall structural compactness of the battery device, but also help reduce costs.

[0095] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another protective functional component 22 of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0096] Continue to refer Figure 8 In some embodiments, the protective layer 222 includes an expansion body 2221 and a cavity 2222. The expansion body 2221 is made of a heat-insulating material. The cavity 2222 is disposed in the expansion body 2221. The expansion body 2221 is configured to expand when the temperature to which it is subjected reaches a preset threshold.

[0097] Exemplarily, the expansion body 2221 is made of a heat-insulating material, and the expansion body 2221 itself can block heat transfer to a certain extent. When the temperature of the expansion body 2221 is lower than a preset threshold, heat exchange is mainly carried out between the battery cell 10 and the heat exchange body 21 through the cavity 2222. When the temperature of the expansion body 2221 reaches a preset threshold, the expansion body 2221 will expand rapidly and occupy the surrounding space to block the cavity 2222 and prevent heat from diffusing through the cavity 2222.

[0098] As an example, the preset threshold can be 80℃-120℃. When the temperature to which the expansion body 2221 is subjected is in the temperature range of 80℃-120℃ or higher than the temperature range of 80℃-120℃, the expansion body 2221 will expand rapidly and occupy the surrounding space to block the cavity 2222 and prevent heat from diffusing through the cavity 2222.

[0099] As an example, the preset threshold may be 105° C. When the temperature to which the expansion body 2221 is subjected reaches or exceeds 105° C., the expansion body 2221 will rapidly expand and occupy the surrounding space to seal the cavity 2222 and prevent heat from diffusing through the cavity 2222 .

[0100] Optionally, the expansion body 2221 may be made of, but is not limited to, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyimide foam, or aluminum silicate fiber composite.

[0101] The cavity 2222 may extend in a wave shape or in a straight line shape.

[0102] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the cavity 2222 perpendicular to its extension direction may be, but not limited to, circular, rectangular, elliptical or polygonal.

[0103] The design of the expansion body 2221 and the cavity 2222 of the above technical solution has both dynamic adaptability and multiple protection capabilities. Under normal conditions, the cavity 2222 can provide a good heat exchange environment for the battery cell 10 and the heat exchange body 21; under extreme conditions, the expansion mechanism of the expansion body 2221 triggers thermal insulation protection, reduces heat diffusion inside the battery device, and improves the reliability of the battery device.

[0104] In some embodiments, the number of the cavities 2222 is multiple, and the multiple cavities 2222 are arranged at intervals along a direction intersecting the first direction X. The multiple refers to two or more than two.

[0105] By further increasing the number of cavities 2222 , the heat exchange efficiency between the battery cells 10 and the heat exchange body 21 can be further improved when the battery device is in normal operation.

[0106] In some embodiments, the expansion body 2221 is configured to recover when the temperature to which it is subjected is lower than a preset threshold.

[0107] Exemplarily, after the temperature to which the expansion body 2221 is subjected reaches a preset threshold and expands, if the temperature gradually recovers and is lower than the preset threshold, the expansion body 2221 can gradually return to its initial state, so that the cavity 2222 can be reopened to provide a good heat exchange environment for the battery cell 10 and the heat exchange body 21.

[0108] As an example, the preset threshold may be 80°C-120°C. When the expansion body 2221 is exposed to a temperature lower than 80°C-120°C, the expansion body 2221 can gradually recover to its initial state, so that the cavity 2222 can be reopened to provide a good heat exchange environment for the battery cell 10 and the heat exchange body 21.

[0109] As an example, the preset threshold may be 105°C. When the temperature to which the expansion body 2221 is subjected is lower than 105°C, the expansion body 2221 can gradually recover to its initial state, so that the cavity 2222 can be reopened to provide a good heat exchange environment for the battery cell 10 and the heat exchange body 21 .

[0110] Optionally, the expansion body 2221 may be made of, but is not limited to, a shape memory polymer, a thermal expansion ceramic composite material, or a polyacrylamide-based hydrogel.

[0111] The expansion body 2221 of the above technical solution is configured to have reversible expansion performance, which can make the protective functional part 22 reusable, greatly reducing the maintenance cost of the battery device. In addition, it can also reduce the generation of waste, which is in line with the design concept of green environmental protection.

[0112] In some embodiments, fatigue-resistant materials, such as highly durable thermoplastic polyurethane, may also be added to the expansion body 2221 to enhance the cycle life of the expansion body 2221 .

[0113] In some embodiments, a corrosion-resistant coating is provided on the surface of the expansion body 2221 to reduce the influence of chemicals or humidity on its expansion performance and increase the service life of the expansion body 2221.

[0114] In some embodiments, the cavity 2222 passes through both ends of the expansion body 2221 along the first direction X.

[0115] With this design, heat can directly enter the cavity 2222 without passing through a part of the structure of the expansion body 2221, and be conducted between the heat exchange component 20 and the battery cell 10. Since the influence of the expansion body 2221 on heat conduction is reduced, the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange component 20 and the battery cell 10 can be further improved when the battery device is operating normally.

[0116] In some embodiments, the protective functional component 22 further includes a heat-conducting layer 221 , and the heat-conducting layer 221 and the protective layer 222 are stacked along the first direction.

[0117] The heat conductive layer 221 is used to enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange component 20 and the battery cell 10 .

[0118] In some examples, the heat-conducting layer 221 is connected to the surface of the heat-exchanging body 21 , and the heat-insulating layer is disposed on a side of the heat-conducting layer 221 facing away from the heat-exchanging body 21 .

[0119] In some other examples, the heat insulation layer is connected to the surface of the heat exchange body 21 , and the heat conductive layer 221 is disposed on a side of the heat insulation layer facing away from the heat exchange body 21 .

[0120] During normal operation of the battery device, the heat conductive layer 221 can enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange component 20 and the battery cell 10 , thereby effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 .

[0121] Fig. 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another protective functional component 22 of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0122] Continue to refer Fig. 9 In some embodiments, the heat conductive layer 221 includes a first sublayer 2211 and a second sublayer 2212, and the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212 are stacked along a first direction X. The thermal conductivity of the first sublayer 2211 in a direction parallel to a first plane is greater than the thermal conductivity of the second sublayer 2212 in a direction parallel to the first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the first direction X. The thermal conductivity of the second sublayer 2212 in the first direction X is greater than the thermal conductivity of the first sublayer 2211 in the first direction X.

[0123] The first sublayer 2211 is mainly used to quickly disperse heat in a direction parallel to the first plane to reduce the formation of local hot spots on the battery cell 10. The second sublayer 2212 is used to efficiently transfer heat in the first direction X to quickly transfer the heat of the battery cell 10 to the heat exchange body 21.

[0124] In some examples, the first sublayer 2211 is disposed on a side of the second sublayer 2212 close to the protective layer 222 .

[0125] In some examples, the second sublayer 2212 is disposed on a side of the first sublayer 2211 close to the protective layer 222 .

[0126] The difference in thermal conductivity between the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212 in the direction parallel to the first plane can be achieved by adjusting the materials of the two sublayers, or by adjusting the structural morphologies of the two sublayers.

[0127] The difference in thermal conductivity between the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212 in the first direction X can be achieved by adjusting the materials of the two sublayers, or by adjusting the structural morphologies of the two sublayers.

[0128] As an example, the first sublayer 2211 comprises a graphene layer oriented parallel to the first plane, and the second sublayer 2212 comprises a carbon nanotube array oriented along the first direction X.

[0129] As another example, the first sublayer 2211 uses a carbon nanotube array oriented parallel to the first plane, and the second sublayer 2212 uses a carbon nanotube array oriented along the first direction X.

[0130] Optionally, the first sublayer 2211 includes but is not limited to a graphite sheet, a graphene film, or an aluminum-based composite material.

[0131] Optionally, the second sublayer 2212 includes but is not limited to carbon nanotubes, metal foams, porous ceramics, etc.

[0132] The above technical solution can effectively improve the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting layer 221 through the differentiated design and coordination of the thermal conductivity of the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212. In addition, the stacking design of the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212 can, on the one hand, adjust the materials and thicknesses of the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212 respectively according to specific needs, which can improve the adaptability of the heat-conducting layer 221; on the other hand, it can also reduce the difficulty of preparation and help reduce costs.

[0133] Exemplarily, the thermal conductivity of the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212 can be measured using a steady-state test method. As an example, the thermal conductivity of the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212 is measured using a thermal shield method. Specifically, the samples of the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212 are sandwiched between a heating plate and a cold plate, the temperature of the heating plate is adjusted, and the heat flow and temperature gradient are measured under steady-state conditions. As another example, the thermal conductivity of the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212 is measured using a heat flow meter method. Specifically, a stable temperature gradient is generated on both sides of the samples of the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212, and a standard heat flow sensor with known thermal properties is used to measure the heat flow through the sample.

[0134] In some embodiments, the first sublayer 2211 includes graphene, and the graphene is arranged along a direction parallel to the first plane. The second sublayer 2212 includes carbon nanotubes, and the axial direction of the carbon nanotubes is parallel to the first direction X.

[0135] Graphene is a two-dimensional sheet structure, composed of a single layer or multiple layers of carbon atoms, and the layers are bonded by van der Waals forces. As an example, the first sublayer 2211 can be a graphene film, which can be prepared by stacking multiple layers of monolithic sheets or using chemical vapor deposition technology.

[0136] The heat conduction of graphene is mainly achieved through lattice vibration. Graphene is a two-dimensional material composed of a single atomic layer of carbon atoms tightly arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice. In this two-dimensional plane, the carbon atoms are bound by strong covalent bonds, and the lattice vibration can be transmitted very efficiently within the plane. Therefore, the thermal conductivity of graphene in the extension direction of the atomic layer is very high.

[0137] The graphene is arranged along a direction parallel to the first plane, which means that the extending direction of the atomic sheet of the graphene is parallel to the first plane.

[0138] Carbon nanotubes are one-dimensional hollow tubular structures, which may be single-walled or multi-walled structures, formed by carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb. As an example, the first sublayer 2211 may be a carbon nanotube array, which may be prepared by high temperature catalytic cracking or chemical vapor deposition.

[0139] In the axial direction of carbon nanotubes, the strong connection of carbon-carbon bonds makes the lattice vibration less scattered when it is transmitted along the axial direction. Compared with the axial direction, there is no similar continuous covalent bond chain in the radial direction of carbon nanotubes. When the lattice vibration is transmitted in the radial direction, it will be affected by the wall structure and van der Waals force of carbon nanotubes, which is more likely to cause scattering and thermal resistance. Therefore, the thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes in the axial direction is very high.

[0140] The material selection and directional design of graphene and carbon nanotubes in the above technical solution complement each other, and combined with the stacked structure, a directional distribution of thermal conductivity is achieved, thereby reducing material costs and structural weight while meeting heat dissipation requirements, which helps to improve the overall economic benefits of the battery device.

[0141] In some embodiments, the density of graphene is greater than the density of carbon nanotubes.

[0142] Exemplarily, the first sublayer 2211 is made of graphene material, and the planar thermal conductivity can be further enhanced by high-density stacking of multiple layers of graphene sheets. The high-density graphene layer can provide excellent thermal conductivity and form a uniform and stable heat conduction path in a direction parallel to the first plane. Increasing the density can increase the contact area of ​​the graphene layer, reduce thermal resistance, and thus improve the heat transfer efficiency. The high-density characteristics of graphene help to quickly diffuse the heat generated by the battery cell 10 in a direction parallel to the first plane, reducing the formation of local hot spots.

[0143] The second sublayer 2212 is made of carbon nanotube material, and its density is designed to be lower than that of graphene. The lower density helps to reduce the weight of the material, and provides elastic buffering to a certain extent, thereby enhancing the mechanical flexibility of the heat conducting layer 221.

[0144] The above technical solution achieves a balance between thermal management performance and material performance by differentially designing graphene and carbon nanotubes in terms of density. The high-density design of graphene in the first sublayer 2211 enhances the thermal diffusion performance in the direction parallel to the first plane, while the low-density design of carbon nanotubes in the second sublayer 2212 helps to reduce the weight of the overall structure while providing thermal conductivity and structural flexibility in the first direction X. In addition, compared with carbon nanotubes, graphene is easier to form a high-density structure through a stacking process, which helps to reduce the difficulty of preparing the thermal conductive layer 221 as a whole.

[0145] In some embodiments, the first sublayer 2211 includes a first thermally conductive material and a second thermally conductive material, the thermal conductivity of the first thermally conductive material is greater than the thermal conductivity of the second thermally conductive material, and the structural strength of the second thermally conductive material is greater than the structural strength of the first thermally conductive material.

[0146] In this embodiment, the first sublayer 2211 is composed of a first thermally conductive material and a second thermally conductive material. Through the differentiated design of the thermal conductivity and structural strength of the two materials, an optimized balance between thermal conductivity and mechanical properties is achieved, thereby meeting the heat dissipation and structural stability requirements of the first sublayer 2211.

[0147] In some examples, the first sublayer 2211 may be a stacked structure, in which the first thermally conductive material and the second thermally conductive material are alternately stacked.

[0148] In some examples, the first sublayer 2211 may also be a composite structure: a first heat-conducting material is embedded in a second heat-conducting material matrix in the form of a film or a mesh to form a composite heat-conducting layer 221 .

[0149] In some examples, the first sublayer 2211 may also be a gradient distribution structure: more first thermal conductive material is used in high heat flux density areas, and more second thermal conductive material is added in low heat flux density areas to optimize the heat transfer path and material utilization efficiency.

[0150] Optionally, the first thermally conductive material includes but is not limited to single-layer graphene, graphite or boron nitride nanomaterials and the like.

[0151] Optionally, the second thermally conductive material includes but is not limited to multilayer graphene, ceramic-based materials, or carbon fiber reinforced composite materials.

[0152] The above technical solution combines the first thermally conductive material with the second thermally conductive material, so that the first sublayer 2211 can enhance the overall mechanical stability while ensuring efficient heat dissipation performance, so that it can better withstand the stress caused by external forces and thermal cycles, thereby extending the service life of the thermal conductive layer 221.

[0153] For example, the structural strength of the first thermally conductive material and the second thermally conductive material can be measured by a tensile test, specifically, a standard tensile specimen is used to apply uniaxial tension in a tensile machine until the specimen breaks. Through the stress-strain curve, parameters such as the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and Young's modulus of the material can be obtained.

[0154] In some embodiments, the first thermally conductive material includes a single layer of graphene and the second thermally conductive material includes multiple layers of graphene.

[0155] The thermal conductivity of single-layer graphene is greater than that of multi-layer graphene, and the structural strength of multi-layer graphene is greater than that of single-layer graphene.

[0156] It is understandable that the thermal conduction of graphene is mainly achieved by lattice vibration (phonon). In a single layer of graphene, phonons are almost not disturbed by interlayer interactions when propagating in a two-dimensional plane, and there is no lattice mismatch or interface scattering between the upper and lower layers. This "pure" two-dimensional structure allows phonons to move smoothly in the plane with less collision and scattering, thereby improving thermal conductivity.

[0157] The interface between the layers of multilayer graphene will hinder the propagation of phonons. The stacking of multiple atomic layers will produce interlayer interactions, causing phonons to be scattered and attenuated when transmitted between different layers. In addition, there may be more defects or tiny dislocations in multilayer graphene, which will increase the probability of phonon scattering, resulting in a lower overall thermal conductivity than single-layer graphene.

[0158] Although single-layer graphene shows extremely high strength in its two-dimensional plane (stretching direction), it is only one atomic layer thick and extremely thin overall. Because it is too thin, it is easily affected by bending, folding and minor damage in practical applications. The stacked structure of multi-layer graphene provides additional structural support, and it is relatively less likely to have overall cracks or breaks when subjected to macroscopic external forces (such as pressing, shearing, and vibration).

[0159] The above technical solution uses only a single graphene material and adjusts its structure to achieve efficient heat dissipation performance for the first sublayer 2211 while improving overall mechanical stability, thereby reducing the difficulty of preparing the first sublayer 2211 and helping to reduce costs.

[0160] Fig.10 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a protective functional component 22 of another battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a protective particle 223 of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along BB.

[0161] Continue to refer Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments, the protective functional part 22 also includes protective particles 223, which are connected to the heat conductive layer 221. The protective particles 223 include a shell 2231 and a thermal insulator 2232. The thermal insulator 2232 is arranged inside the shell 2231. The shell 2231 is configured to rupture and release the thermal insulator 2232 when the temperature it is subjected to reaches a preset threshold.

[0162] For example, the housing 2231 can be made of a heat-sensitive material, which can rupture when the temperature reaches a preset threshold, releasing the internal heat insulator 2232. The heat insulator 2232 is a material with excellent heat insulation performance, which can quickly form a heat insulation barrier after release to prevent heat diffusion. Optionally, the heat insulator 2232 can be, but is not limited to, expanded graphite, aerogel, or ceramic fiber.

[0163] In some examples, the protective particles 223 can be bonded to the thermal conductive layer 221 , and the protective particles 223 can be fixed to the surface of the thermal conductive layer 221 by hot melt adhesive or thermal conductive adhesive, so that they can fit the battery cell 10 and quickly sense the temperature change of the battery cell 10 .

[0164] In some examples, the protective particles 223 may also be at least partially embedded in the heat conductive layer 221 , which can improve the structural stability of the protective particles 223 .

[0165] Optionally, the shape of the protective particle 223 may be a sphere, a cube, a polyhedron, or the like.

[0166] The above technical solution can form a dual protection mechanism by introducing the protective particles 223 and cooperating with the protective layer 222, thereby further improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0167] In some embodiments, the protection particles 223 are embedded in the interior of the thermal conductive layer 221 .

[0168] Exemplarily, the protective particles 223 may be embedded into the interior of the heat-conducting layer 221 by direct injection. Specifically, during the manufacturing process of the heat-conducting layer 221, the protective particles 223 are directly embedded into the material of the heat-conducting layer 221 by an injection process. The protective particles 223 may also be embedded into the interior of the heat-conducting layer 221 by modular embedding. Specifically, the protective particles 223 are independently prepared, slots are set in the heat-conducting layer 221, and then the independent protective particles 223 are embedded into the slots.

[0169] On the one hand, the above technical solution can improve the overall structural compactness of the protective functional part 22; on the other hand, the thermal conductive layer 221 can also play a certain protective role on the protective particles 223, reducing the risk of failure of the protective particles 223 due to damage from the external environment.

[0170] In some embodiments, a receiving cavity is provided in the heat conductive layer 221 , and the protective particles are received in the receiving cavity, so as to reduce the risk of the protective particles 223 being broken under the action of external force and causing the thermal insulator 2232 to be accidentally released.

[0171] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the housing 2231 is greater than the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive layer 221. During normal operation of the battery device, the housing 2231 can further enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange component 20 and the battery cell 10.

[0172] In some embodiments, the number of the heat-conducting layers 221 is two, and the protection layer 222 is disposed between the two heat-conducting layers 221 .

[0173] On the one hand, the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange component 20 can be further improved; on the other hand, the heat conductive layer 221 can also play a certain protective role on the protective layer 222, reducing the risk of failure of the protective layer 222 due to damage from the external environment.

[0174] In some embodiments, the number of the protective functional components 22 is two, and the two protective functional components 22 are connected to opposite sides of the heat exchange body 21 along the first direction X, respectively.

[0175] Exemplarily, the battery cell 10 is sandwiched between the protective functional parts 22 of two adjacent heat exchange components 20 .

[0176] When the battery cell 10 generates thermal runaway, the protection function parts 22 located on both sides of the battery cell 10 along the first direction X can simultaneously trigger the protection mechanism to insulate the battery cell 10, thereby further reducing heat diffusion and further improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0177] In some embodiments, the heat exchange component 20 is attached to the large surface of the battery cell 10. The contact area between the heat exchange component 20 and the battery cell 10 can be increased, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0178] The large surface of the battery cell 10 refers to a wall surface with a larger area on the battery cell 10. For example, the battery cell 10 is a square battery cell, and the wall surface with a larger area among the six walls of the square battery cell is the large surface.

[0179] According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising a battery device according to any of the above schemes, and the battery device is used to store or provide electrical energy.

[0180] If not otherwise specified, all implementations and optional implementations of the present application can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution. All technical features and optional technical features of the present application can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution.

[0181] In order to better understand the battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application, based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the above-mentioned battery device in practical application is provided here for illustration.

[0182] The embodiment of the present application provides a battery device, which includes a heat exchange component 20 and a plurality of battery cells 10, at least some of the battery cells 10 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X. The heat exchange component 20 is arranged between the battery cells 10 adjacent to each other along the first direction X and is attached to the large surface of the battery cells 10. The heat exchange component 20 includes a heat exchange body 21 and two protective functional parts 22, and the two protective functional parts 22 are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the heat exchange body 21 along the first direction X. The protective functional part 22 includes two heat conductive layers 221, a protective layer 222 and protective particles 223, the heat conductive layer 221 and the protective layer 222 are stacked along the first direction X, and the protective layer 222 is arranged between the two heat conductive layers 221.

[0183] The protective layer 222 includes an expansion body 2221 and a cavity 2222. The expansion body 2221 is made of a heat-insulating material. The cavity 2222 runs through both ends of the expansion body 2221 along the first direction X. The expansion body 2221 is configured to expand when the temperature it is subjected to reaches a preset threshold, and to recover when the temperature it is subjected to is lower than the preset threshold.

[0184] The heat conducting layer 221 includes a first sublayer 2211 and a second sublayer 2212, and the first sublayer 2211 and the second sublayer 2212 are stacked along a first direction X. The first sublayer 2211 includes a single-layer graphene and a multi-layer graphene, and the single-layer graphene and the multi-layer graphene are arranged along a direction parallel to the first plane. The second sublayer 2212 includes carbon nanotubes, and the axial direction of the carbon nanotubes is parallel to the first direction X.

[0185] The protective particles 223 are embedded in the heat conductive layer 221 , and include a shell 2231 and a heat insulator 2232 . The heat insulator 2232 is disposed inside the shell 2231 . The shell 2231 is configured to rupture and release the heat insulator 2232 when the temperature thereof reaches a preset threshold.

[0186] On the one hand, during the normal operation of the battery device, the heat conductive layer 221 can enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange component 20 and the battery cell 10, thereby effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 10. On the other hand, even when thermal runaway occurs in some battery cells 10, the protective layer 222 and the protective particles 223 can reduce their own thermal conductivity to block the heat generated by the battery cell 10 from being transferred to other normal battery cells 10, reducing the heat diffusion inside the battery device, thereby effectively reducing the risk of damage to other normal battery cells 10. In this way, the above technical solution can effectively improve the reliability of the battery device. In addition, the protective functional part 22 is integrated with the heat exchange body 21, which is convenient for production and assembly, which can not only improve the overall structural compactness of the battery device, but also help reduce costs.

[0187] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.

[0188] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that: include: A plurality of battery cells, at least some of which are arranged at intervals along a first direction; A heat exchange component is arranged between battery cells adjacent to each other along the first direction and is attached to the battery cells. The heat exchange component includes a heat exchange body and a protective functional part. The protective functional part is connected to at least one side of the heat exchange body along the first direction. The protective functional part includes a protective layer. The protective layer is configured to reduce its own thermal conductivity when the temperature it is subjected to reaches a preset threshold.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective layer comprises an expansion body and a cavity, wherein the expansion body is made of a heat-insulating material, the cavity is arranged in the expansion body, and the expansion body is configured to expand when the temperature to which the expansion body is subjected reaches the preset threshold.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple cavities, and the multiple cavities are arranged at intervals along a direction intersecting with the first direction.

4. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expansion body is configured to recover when the temperature to which it is subjected is lower than the preset threshold.

5. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cavity passes through two ends of the expansion body along the first direction.

6. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective functional part further includes a heat-conducting layer, and the heat-conducting layer and the protective layer are stacked along the first direction.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat-conducting layer comprises a first sublayer and a second sublayer, and the first sublayer and the second sublayer are stacked along the first direction; The thermal conductivity of the first sublayer in a direction parallel to a first plane is greater than the thermal conductivity of the second sublayer in a direction parallel to the first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the first direction; The thermal conductivity of the second sublayer in the first direction is greater than the thermal conductivity of the first sublayer in the first direction.

8. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first sublayer includes graphene, and the graphene is arranged along a direction parallel to the first plane; The second sub-layer includes carbon nanotubes, and the axial direction of the carbon nanotubes is parallel to the first direction.

9. The battery device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The density of the graphene is greater than the density of the carbon nanotube.

10. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first sublayer includes a first heat-conducting material and a second heat-conducting material. The thermal conductivity of the first heat-conducting material is greater than the thermal conductivity of the second heat-conducting material. The structural strength of the second heat-conducting material is greater than the structural strength of the first heat-conducting material.

11. The battery device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first heat-conducting material includes a single-layer graphene, and the second heat-conducting material includes a multi-layer graphene.

12. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protective functional part also includes protective particles, which are connected to the heat-conducting layer. The protective particles include a shell and an insulator. The insulator is arranged inside the shell, and the shell is configured to rupture and release the insulator when the temperature it is subjected to reaches a preset threshold.

13. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The protection particles are embedded in the interior of the heat conducting layer.

14. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The thermal conductivity of the shell is greater than the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting layer.

15. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the heat-conducting layers is two, and the protective layer is arranged between the two heat-conducting layers.

16. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the protective functional parts is two, and the two protective functional parts are respectively connected to two opposite sides of the heat exchange body along the first direction.

17. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that: The heat exchange component is attached to the large surface of the battery cell.

18. An electrical device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery device as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the battery device is used to store or provide electrical energy.

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