Variable flux permanent magnet memory motor

Abstract

A variable flux permanent magnet memory motor disclosed by the present invention comprises a stator, an armature winding, a hybrid permanent magnet rotor and a non-magnetic conductive rotating shaft, the stator comprises iron core teeth and a stator yoke, the iron core teeth are located between the stator yoke and the hybrid permanent magnet rotor, and a rotor iron core of the hybrid permanent magnet rotor is arranged around the outside of the non-magnetic conductive rotating shaft. A first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and two third permanent magnets which are magnetized in the tangential direction and two fourth permanent magnets which are magnetized in the radial direction are arranged below each pole of the rotor iron core; the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are connected through an arc-shaped magnetic barrier, the opening sides face the adjacent poles to form an outer series magnetic circuit, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet close to the air gap side form an inner series magnetic circuit through the air gap and the rotor core and are in series-parallel connection under the magnetism increasing working condition. According to the invention, the air gap flux density of the motor is increased, and the torque output capability of the motor is improved; the intensity and the efficiency of the magnetic field are optimized; the aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnets between the adjacent poles have a magnetism gathering effect, the magnetic circuit structure is simple in form, and the space crowding of the rotor is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of permanent magnet memory motors, and in particular to a series-parallel variable magnetic flux permanent magnet memory motor with greater flexibility and a wider magnetic adjustment range. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of power electronics technology and high-performance rare earth materials, permanent magnet synchronous motors have been widely used in various industrial applications such as electric vehicles, air compressors, and aerospace due to their advantages of high power density, high efficiency, reliable operation, and strong overload capacity. However, due to the inherent characteristics of traditional high-performance permanent magnet materials (such as NdFeB), the air gap magnetic field in ordinary permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) remains basically constant, and the speed regulation range is very limited during electric operation. The application in wide speed regulation direct drive occasions such as electric vehicles and aerospace is subject to certain restrictions. Therefore, the adjustable flux permanent magnet motor, which aims to achieve effective regulation of the air gap magnetic field of the permanent magnet motor, has always been a hot spot and difficulty in the field of motor research.

[0003] In order to achieve a wider speed regulation range, the traditional method is to apply weak magnetic current to expand the speed regulation range of the motor, thereby expanding the constant power range. However, this method of continuously applying weak magnetic current will greatly increase the copper loss of the motor, causing the efficiency of the motor in the high speed operation range to drop significantly. The variable flux permanent magnet memory motor (hereinafter referred to as "memory motor") is a new type of flux controllable permanent magnet motor. It uses low coercive force AlNiCo permanent magnets to generate circumferential magnetic fields through stator windings or DC pulse windings, thereby changing the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnets and adjusting the air gap magnetic field. It does not require complex weak magnetic control methods and excessive excitation losses to obtain an ideal wide constant power range. Therefore, the memory motor can be used as a better choice for permanent magnet synchronous motors. Most of the existing research focuses on AC magnetic modulation hybrid permanent magnet memory motors. Two permanent magnets of different materials are co-excited inside the rotor, in which NdFeB permanent magnets provide the main magnetic field of the air gap, while AlNiCo permanent magnets play the role of magnetic field regulation. The stator winding has both power control and magnetic modulation functions.

[0004] The prior art proposes a rotor core and a motor of a magnetic circuit parallel type permanent magnet motor, which adopts a traditional parallel magnetic circuit structure. For a traditional parallel magnetic circuit type memory motor, the magnetic circuit is usually fixed, which means that the regulation of the magnetic flux mainly depends on the magnetization state of the permanent magnet. This structure limits the flexibility of the magnetic flux regulation, thereby affecting the magnetic regulation range. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the invention is to provide a series-parallel variable flux permanent magnet memory motor with greater flexibility and a wider magnetic adjustment range.

[0006] Technical solution: The present invention discloses a variable flux permanent magnet memory motor, comprising a stator, an armature winding, a hybrid permanent magnet rotor and a non-magnetic shaft, wherein the stator is composed of stator core teeth and a stator yoke, wherein the stator core teeth are located between the stator yoke and the composite permanent magnet rotor, and the rotor core of the hybrid permanent magnet rotor is arranged around the outside of the non-magnetic shaft, and a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet, two third permanent magnets and two fourth permanent magnets magnetized in a radial direction are arranged under each pole of the rotor core, wherein the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are arranged in a straight line, parallel to each other and perpendicular to the air gap side, and the third permanent magnets ... The permanent magnets are placed in a straight line and parallel to the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. The fourth permanent magnet is placed in a straight line and perpendicular to the third permanent magnet and close to the air gap. The third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are placed perpendicular to each other. There is an arc-shaped magnetic barrier connecting the two, and the open side faces the adjacent pole. The permanent magnetic fluxes generated by the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet all flow into the stator through the air gap to form an external series magnetic circuit. The first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet close to the air gap form an internal series magnetic circuit through the air gap and the rotor core, and are in a series-parallel relationship under the magnetization condition.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjacent spaces between the stator core teeth are used to install three-phase armature windings, and the armature windings are wound on the stator core teeth.

[0008] Furthermore, there is an arc-shaped magnetic barrier between the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet, and there are a first trapezoidal magnetic barrier and a second trapezoidal magnetic barrier on the rotating shaft side of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet.

[0009] Furthermore, the arc-shaped magnetic barrier, the first trapezoidal magnetic barrier and the second trapezoidal magnetic barrier are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet.

[0010] Furthermore, the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the central axis of the first permanent magnet coincides with the central axis of the second permanent magnet.

[0011] Furthermore, when the motor is in a magnetizing condition, the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet in the same radial permanent magnet group are tangentially magnetized in the same direction or in opposite directions, the magnetizing directions of the two first permanent magnets corresponding to adjacent radial permanent magnet groups are tangentially opposite, and the magnetizing directions of the two second permanent magnets are tangentially opposite, and the third permanent magnet and the adjacent fourth permanent magnet are both magnetized clockwise or counterclockwise along the width direction.

[0012] Furthermore, when the motor is in a weak magnetic condition, speed regulation is divided into three levels, namely, a first level magnetic regulation condition, a second level magnetic regulation condition and a third level magnetic regulation condition.

[0013] Furthermore, in the first-stage magnetic modulation working condition, the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and the second permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, and at this time, it works in the reverse weak magnetic working condition.

[0014] Furthermore, in the second-stage magnetic modulation working condition, the magnetization directions of the second permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, and at this time, it works in the reverse weak magnetic working condition.

[0015] Furthermore, in the third-stage magnetic modulation working condition, the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is the same clockwise or counterclockwise, and is clockwise or counterclockwise in the opposite direction to the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet. The first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet both operate in the reverse weak magnetic working condition.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0017] In the magnetization working condition, when the magnetization directions of the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are the same as those of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, which are clockwise or counterclockwise, the permanent magnetic fluxes generated by the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet all flow into the stator through the air gap to form an external series magnetic circuit, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet close to the air gap side form an internal series magnetic circuit through the air gap and the stator and rotor cores to form a series-parallel magnetic circuit structure. Compared with the traditional parallel magnetic circuit, the air gap magnetic density of the motor is increased, and the torque output capacity of the motor is improved;

[0018] In the weak magnetic condition, three-level magnetic adjustment can be achieved. In the first-level magnetic adjustment condition, the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and the second permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions. At this time, they work in the reverse weak magnetic condition; in the second-level magnetic adjustment condition, the magnetizing directions of the second permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions. At this time, they work in the reverse weak magnetic condition; in the third-level magnetic adjustment condition, the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and are clockwise or counterclockwise in opposite directions to the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet. Both the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet work in the reverse weak magnetic condition; in the first-level magnetic adjustment condition, the permanent magnetic flux flows out from the north poles of the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet. The magnetic flux flows into the air gap and the stator through the part of the second permanent magnet near the air, and then flows into the part of the first permanent magnet near the rotating shaft from the south pole of the third and fourth permanent magnets, and the magnetic flux forms a series magnetic circuit; under the second-stage magnetic modulation working condition, the permanent magnet magnetic flux flows out from the north pole of the third and fourth permanent magnets, flows into the air gap and the stator, passes through the part of the first permanent magnet near the air, and then flows into the part of the second permanent magnet near the rotating shaft from the south pole of the third and fourth permanent magnets, and the magnetic flux forms a series magnetic circuit; under the third-stage magnetic modulation working condition, a part of the permanent magnet magnetic flux flows out from the north pole of the third and fourth permanent magnets, passes through the parts of the first and second permanent magnets near the air, and then flows into the south pole of the third and fourth permanent magnets, and the other part flows out from the part of the second permanent magnet near the air, flows into the air gap and the stator, and then flows into the part of the first permanent magnet near the air gap, forming a parallel magnetic circuit with the above-mentioned magnetic flux.

[0019] By arranging the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet between the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet of each pole, the risk of accidental demagnetization of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet due to the influence of the magnetic modulation current is reduced, and the magnetic lines of force are concentrated to pass through a smaller air gap, thereby optimizing the strength and efficiency of the magnetic field;

[0020] The AlNiCo permanent magnets between adjacent poles have the function of concentrating magnetic fields. The series-parallel magnetic circuit structure is very simple, avoiding congestion in the rotor space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the magnetic force line distribution diagram of the motor under magnetization working condition;

[0023] Figure 3 This is the magnetic field line distribution diagram of the motor in the first-stage weak magnetic condition;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the magnetic field line distribution diagram of the second-level weak magnetic condition;

[0025] Figure 5 This is the magnetic field line distribution diagram of the third-level weak magnetic condition;

[0026] Figure 6 The air gap magnetic flux density diagram of the motor magnetization condition;

[0027] Figure 7 It is the air gap magnetic flux density diagram of the first-stage weak magnetic condition of the motor;

[0028] Figure 8 It is the air gap magnetic flux density diagram of the second-stage weak magnetic condition of the motor;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is the air gap magnetic flux density diagram of the third-level weak magnetic condition of the motor;

[0030] Fig.10 This is a magnetic field line distribution diagram of the second embodiment of the motor under magnetization working condition;

[0031] Fig.11 The air gap magnetic flux density diagram of the second embodiment of the motor under the magnetization and weakening magnetic conditions;

[0032] Fig.12 This is a magnetic field line distribution diagram of the third embodiment of the motor under magnetization working condition;

[0033] Fig.13 The air gap flux density diagram of the third embodiment of the motor under magnetizing and weakening conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, a variable flux permanent magnet memory motor involved in this embodiment includes a stator 1, an armature winding 2, a hybrid permanent magnet rotor 3 and a non-magnetic shaft 4. The motor structure includes a non-magnetic shaft 4, a composite permanent magnet rotor 3 and a stator 1 from the inside to the outside. The stator 1 is further composed of stator core teeth 1.1 and a stator yoke 1.2, wherein the stator core teeth 1.1 are located between the stator yoke 1.2 and the composite permanent magnet rotor 3. The adjacent space between these stator core teeth 1.1 is used to install the three-phase armature windings 2, which are wound on the stator core teeth 1.1. The rotor core 3.8 of the hybrid permanent magnet rotor 3 is arranged around the outside of the non-magnetic shaft 4. A tangentially magnetized first permanent magnet 3.1 and a second permanent magnet 3.2, two third permanent magnets 3.3 and two radially magnetized fourth permanent magnets 3.4 are arranged under each pole of the rotor core 3.1. The first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 are arranged in a straight line, parallel to each other and perpendicular to the air gap side. The third permanent magnet 3.3 is arranged in a straight line, parallel to the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 side. The fourth permanent magnet 3.4 is arranged in a straight line, perpendicular to the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the air gap side. The third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are arranged perpendicular to each other. There is an arc-shaped magnetic barrier connecting the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4, and the opening sides of the mutually perpendicular third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 face the adjacent poles. The permanent magnetic flux generated by the first permanent magnet 3.1, the second permanent magnet 3.2, the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 all flow into the stator through the air gap to form an external series magnetic circuit. The first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 near the air gap form an internal series magnetic circuit through the air gap and the rotor core 3.8, and are in a series-parallel relationship under the magnetization condition. There is an arc-shaped magnetic barrier 3.5 between the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4, and there are trapezoidal magnetic barriers 3.6 and 3.7 on the side of the first permanent magnet 3.1, the second permanent magnet 3.2 and the third permanent magnet 3.3 near the shaft. The third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 under the same pole are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2, and the central axis of the first permanent magnet 3.1 coincides with the central axis of the second permanent magnet 3.2. The arc-shaped magnetic barrier 3.5 and the trapezoidal magnetic barriers 3.6 and 3.7 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2. The arc-shaped magnetic barrier 3.5 and the trapezoidal magnetic barriers 3.6 and 3.7 are arranged to reduce the influence of magnetic leakage. In the magnetization working condition, the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet in the same radial permanent magnet group are tangentially magnetized in the same direction or in opposite directions. The magnetization directions of the two first permanent magnets corresponding to the adjacent radial permanent magnet groups are tangentially opposite, and the magnetization directions of the two second permanent magnets are tangentially opposite. The third permanent magnet and its adjacent fourth permanent magnet are both magnetized clockwise or counterclockwise along their width direction. If the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the two third permanent magnets and the two fourth permanent magnets on both sides thereof are all clockwise or counterclockwise.In the weak magnetic condition, the speed regulation is divided into three levels. In the first level magnetic adjustment condition, the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and the second permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions. At this time, it works in the reverse weak magnetic condition; in the second level magnetic adjustment condition, the magnetizing directions of the second permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions. At this time, it works in the reverse weak magnetic condition; in the third level magnetic adjustment condition, the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and are clockwise or counterclockwise in opposite directions to the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet. Both the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet work in the reverse weak magnetic condition. In this embodiment, the number of the first permanent magnet 3.1, the second permanent magnet 3.2, the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are all four, the number of the arc-shaped magnetic barriers 3.5 is eight, and the number of the trapezoidal magnetic barriers 3.6 and 3.7 are all eight. The first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 are both AlNiCo permanent magnets, and the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are both NdFeB permanent magnets.

[0037] like Figure 2-Figure 5 As shown, the operating principle of the variable flux permanent magnet memory motor of this embodiment is as follows: a part of the permanent magnet flux first starts from the north poles of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 arranged in the middle of the rotor core 3.1, passes through the air gap, reaches the stator core tooth 1.1, then passes through the stator yoke 1.2, reaches the south poles of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4, and finally passes through the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 near the rotating shaft; the other part starts from the north poles of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 near the air gap side, passes through the air gap, reaches the stator core tooth 1.1, then passes through the stator yoke 1.2, and reaches the south poles of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2. If the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of their permanent magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent fourth permanent magnets 3.4 are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, and the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 are tangential magnetization, and the magnetization directions of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are the same clockwise or counterclockwise, then the motor is in a magnetization condition, such as Figure 2 As shown, the magnetic flux density increases, and the maximum value of the radial magnetic flux density of the air gap is 0.784, as shown in Figure 6As shown. The two permanent magnetic fluxes flow in parallel and overlap, a part of which passes through the air gap, reaches the stator core tooth 1.1, and then passes through the stator yoke 1.2, returns to the south pole of the third permanent magnet 3.3 along the same path and passes through the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 near the shaft. The first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 are close to the shaft side, and are in series with the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 and are connected in parallel with the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 near the air gap side; if the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet 3.1, the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and the second permanent magnet 3.2 and the first permanent magnet 3.1 are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, then the motor is in the first stage of weak magnetic speed regulation, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the magnetic flux density is significantly reduced, and the maximum radial magnetic flux density of the air gap is 0.598. Figure 7 As shown, most of the permanent magnetic flux is offset, the magnetic flux is reduced, and a small part flows out from the north poles of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4, flows into the air gap and the stator through the part of the second permanent magnet 3.2 close to the air, and then flows from the south poles of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 through the part of the first permanent magnet 3.1 close to the shaft. The third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are connected in series with the second permanent magnet 3.2 close to the air gap and the first permanent magnet 3.1 close to the shaft; if the magnetization directions of the second permanent magnet 3.2, the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, then the motor is in the second stage of weak magnetic speed regulation, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic flux density is significantly reduced, and the maximum radial magnetic flux density of the air gap is 0.398. Figure 8 As shown, most of the permanent magnetic flux is offset, the magnetic flux is reduced, and a small part flows out from the north poles of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4, flows into the air gap and the stator, passes through the part of the first permanent magnet 3.1 close to the air, and then flows from the south poles of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 through the part of the second permanent magnet 3.2 close to the rotating shaft. The third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are connected in series with the air gap side of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the rotating shaft side of the second permanent magnet 3.2; if the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and are clockwise or counterclockwise in the opposite direction to the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4, the motor is in the third level of weak magnetic speed regulation condition, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the magnetic flux density decreases most significantly, and the maximum radial magnetic flux density of the air gap is 0.365. Fig. 9As shown, most of the permanent magnetic flux is offset, the magnetic flux is reduced, a part of the permanent magnetic flux flows out from the north pole of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4, passes through the air-side portion of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2, and then flows into the south pole of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4, and the other part flows out from the air-side portion of the second permanent magnet 3.2, flows into the air gap and the stator, and then flows into the air gap portion of the first permanent magnet 3.1. The third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are connected in series with the air gap side of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2, and are connected in parallel with the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2. The distribution of magnetic lines of force of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 in the two magnetization states is shown in FIG. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 At the same time, the motor armature winding 2 is fed with a three-phase alternating current having the same rotation speed as the hybrid permanent magnet rotor 3, and the rotating magnetic fields formed by the stator and the rotor interact with each other, thereby realizing electromechanical energy conversion. The permanent magnet structure of the present invention can broaden the magnetic adjustment range of the motor.

[0038] Embodiment 2:

[0039] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the angle between the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 of each pole becomes smaller and the fourth permanent magnet is arranged close to the air gap side, the magnetic barrier connecting the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 changes from an arc to an irregular pentagon, the fourth permanent magnets 3.4 of two adjacent poles fit together, and the magnetization directions of the fourth permanent magnets 3.4 of two adjacent poles are opposite to each other. When the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 of each pole are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of their permanent magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent fourth permanent magnets 3.4 are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, and the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 are tangential magnetization, and the magnetization directions of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are the same clockwise or counterclockwise, the motor is in a magnetization condition, such as Fig.10 As shown, the magnetic circuit is in series under the magnetization condition, and the maximum radial flux density of the air gap is 0.904; when the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 of each pole are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of the permanent magnet block, and the magnetization directions of the two adjacent fourth permanent magnets 3.4 are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, and the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 are tangentially magnetized, which is clockwise or counterclockwise opposite to the magnetization directions of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4, the motor is in a weak magnetic condition, and the maximum radial flux density of the air gap when the motor is running is 0.805. The air gap flux density under the two conditions is as shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown, the magnetization range is larger than that of the first embodiment.

[0040] Embodiment three:

[0041] The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the rotor structure is the same as that of the second embodiment, but the magnetization mode of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 of each pole is changed, and the motor is changed from four poles to eight poles. When the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 under each pole are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of their permanent magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent fourth permanent magnets 3.4 are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, and the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet 3.1 is tangential magnetization, and the magnetization directions of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 are the same clockwise or counterclockwise, the two adjacent first permanent magnets 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 are in opposite directions, and the motor is in a magnetization condition, such as Fig.12 As shown, the maximum radial flux density of the motor when it is running is 1.271, and there is a magnetic concentration effect between the AlNiCo permanent magnets of the two adjacent poles. When the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4 under each pole are magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction of their permanent magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of the two adjacent fourth permanent magnets 3.4 are alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, and the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet 3.1 is tangential magnetization, which is clockwise or counterclockwise opposite to the magnetization direction of the third permanent magnet 3.3 and the fourth permanent magnet 3.4, the two adjacent first permanent magnets 3.1 and the second permanent magnet 3.2 are in opposite directions, and the motor is in a weak magnetic condition. The maximum radial flux density of the motor when it is running is 0.748. The air gap flux density under the two conditions is as shown in FIG. Fig.13 As shown, the magnetization condition in this embodiment is the largest among the magnetization ranges in the three embodiments.

Claims

1. A variable flux permanent magnet memory motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a stator (1), an armature winding (2), a hybrid permanent magnet rotor (3) and a non-magnetic rotating shaft (4), wherein the stator (1) is composed of stator iron core teeth (1.1) and a stator yoke (1.2), wherein the stator iron core teeth (1.1) are located between the stator yoke (1.2) and the composite permanent magnet rotor (3), and the rotor iron core (3.8) of the hybrid permanent magnet rotor (3) is arranged around the outside of the non-magnetic rotating shaft (4). A tangentially magnetized first permanent magnet (3.1), a second permanent magnet (3.2), two third permanent magnets (3.3) and two radially magnetized fourth permanent magnets (3.4) are arranged under each pole of the rotor iron core (3.8), wherein the first permanent magnet (3.1) and the second permanent magnet (3.2) are arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the air gap side in a straight line, and the third permanent magnet (3.3) is arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the air gap side. The first permanent magnet (3.1) and the second permanent magnet (3.2) are placed in a straight line and parallel to the first permanent magnet (3.1) and the second permanent magnet (3.2); the fourth permanent magnet (3.4) is placed in a straight line and perpendicular to the third permanent magnet (3.3) and close to the air gap; the third permanent magnet (3.3) and the fourth permanent magnet (3.4) are placed perpendicular to each other; there is an arc-shaped magnetic barrier between the two, and the open side faces the adjacent pole; the permanent magnetic flux generated by the first permanent magnet (3.1), the second permanent magnet (3.2), the third permanent magnet (3.3) and the fourth permanent magnet (3.4) all flow into the stator through the air gap to form an external series magnetic circuit; the first permanent magnet (3.1) and the second permanent magnet (3.2) close to the air gap form an internal series magnetic circuit through the air gap and the rotor core (3.8), and are in a series-parallel relationship under the magnetization condition.

2. The variable flux permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjacent spaces between the stator core teeth (1.1) are used to install a three-phase armature winding (2), and the armature winding (2) is wound on the stator core teeth (1.1).

3. The variable flux permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped magnetic barrier (3.5) is provided between the third permanent magnet (3.3) and the fourth permanent magnet (3.4), and a first trapezoidal magnetic barrier (3.6) and a second trapezoidal magnetic barrier (3.7) are provided on the rotating shaft side of the first permanent magnet (3.1), the second permanent magnet (3.2) and the third permanent magnet (3.3).

4. The variable flux permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped magnetic barrier (3.5), the first trapezoidal magnetic barrier (3.6) and the second trapezoidal magnetic barrier (3.7) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the first permanent magnet (3.1) and the second permanent magnet (3.2).

5. The variable flux permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third permanent magnet (3.3) and the fourth permanent magnet (3.4) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the first permanent magnet (3.1) and the second permanent magnet (3.2), and the central axis of the first permanent magnet (3.1) coincides with the central axis of the second permanent magnet (3.2).

6. The variable flux permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the motor is in a magnetizing condition, the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet (3.1) and the second permanent magnet (3.2) in the same radial permanent magnet group are tangentially magnetized in the same direction or in opposite directions, the magnetizing directions of the two first permanent magnets (3.1) corresponding to adjacent radial permanent magnet groups are tangentially opposite, the magnetizing directions of the two second permanent magnets (3.2) are tangentially opposite, and the third permanent magnet (3.3) and the adjacent fourth permanent magnet (3.4) are both magnetized in the same clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the width direction.

7. The variable flux permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the motor is in a weak magnetic condition, the speed regulation is divided into three levels, namely, the first level magnetic regulation condition, the second level magnetic regulation condition and the third level magnetic regulation condition.

8. The variable flux permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the first-stage magnetic adjustment working condition, the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet (3.1), the third permanent magnet (3.3) and the fourth permanent magnet (3.4) are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and the second permanent magnet (3.2) and the first permanent magnet (3.1) are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, and the working condition is reverse weak magnetic working condition.

9. The variable flux permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the second-stage magnetic adjustment working condition, the magnetization directions of the second permanent magnet (3.2), the third permanent magnet (3.3) and the fourth permanent magnet (3.4) are all clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first permanent magnet (3.1) and the second permanent magnet (3.2) are tangentially magnetized in opposite directions, and the working condition is reverse weak magnetic working condition.

10. The variable flux permanent magnet memory motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the third-stage magnetic adjustment working condition, the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet (3.1) and the second permanent magnet (3.2) are both clockwise or counterclockwise, and are clockwise or counterclockwise in the opposite direction to the third permanent magnet (3.3) and the fourth permanent magnet (3.4), and the first permanent magnet (3.1) and the second permanent magnet (3.2) both work in a reverse weak magnetic working condition.

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