Rice field earthworm breeding method based on ecological conservation island design

Abstract

The invention mainly relates to a rice field earthworm breeding method based on ecological conservation island design, and belongs to the field of ecological planting and breeding. The ecological conservation islands of different sizes and numbers are designed according to the lengths of the long sides and the wide sides of the field parcels, the protection and propagation expanding functions of the ecological conservation islands are utilized, manual seedling input is not needed, earthworms are promoted to rapidly cover the whole field, the earthworm yield is increased, the high yield of crops is promoted on the basis of the biological fertilization function of the earthworms, and the effects of reducing cost and increasing efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological breeding and cultivation, and in particular relates to a rice field earthworm breeding method based on an ecological conservation island design. Background Art

[0002] Earthworms are called "ecosystem engineers". Through biological disturbance processes such as feeding, digging, burrowing, digestion and defecation, they can improve the physical, chemical and biological fertility of the soil. In recent years, with the increasing market demand for high-end protein raw materials, the market gap of animal protein represented by earthworms has been increasing year by year. Traditional earthworm farming has problems such as large initial investment, difficulty in large-scale farming and high labor costs. Although the ecological cultivation of earthworms based on the water-land rotation system has solved the problem of large-scale farming sites, under the background of labor shortage and rising labor costs, the field ridges of the existing water-land rotation system have been squeezed due to long-term mechanical rolling and neglect of management, resulting in the earthworms' refuge space being squeezed after field irrigation, inhibiting the survival and reproduction of earthworms, reducing the seed source of the field earthworm population to build rapidly, resulting in generally low rice field earthworm yields, and also limiting the high yield of crops. Therefore, how to solve the problems of shortage of seed sources for high-yield cultivation of earthworms in large areas of rice fields and high costs and low yields has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently to achieve high yields of rice field earthworms. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rice field earthworm breeding method based on the design of an ecological conservation island, so as to simultaneously increase the yield of earthworms and crops, reduce manpower input, and achieve the effect of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0004] The present invention provides a rice field earthworm breeding method based on the design of an ecological conservation island. The design method of the ecological conservation island comprises: setting the ecological conservation island according to the length of the long side and the length of the wide side of the field according to the following formula:

[0005] The number of ecological conservation islands: N = W / 10;

[0006] The minimum distance between the base of the long side of the field and the center point of the base of the ecological conservation island: D = [W-(N-1)×10] / 2;

[0007] Length of ecological conservation island: L = X-12; the two ends of the long side of the ecological conservation island are 6 meters away from the wide side of the field;

[0008] Width of the base of the ecological conservation island: M = (X-30) / 10+40;

[0009] Height of ecological conservation island: H = (X-30) / 10+30;

[0010] Among them, N represents the number of ecological conservation islands, the unit is bar, and the integer value is obtained by directly discarding the decimal point; W represents the length of the wide side of the field, the unit is m, W ≥ 10; D represents the minimum distance between the base of the long side of the field and the center point of the base of the ecological conservation island, the unit is m; L represents the length of the ecological conservation island, the unit is m; X represents the length of the long side of the field, the unit is m; M represents the width of the base of the ecological conservation island, the unit is cm; H represents the height of the ecological conservation island, the unit is cm.

[0011] Preferably, when setting up the ecological conservation island, it also includes thickening and raising the ridges, so that the base width of the ridges is 45 to 55 cm and the height of the ridges is 35 to 40 cm.

[0012] Preferably, after setting up ecological conservation islands and thickening and raising ridges, shade plants are also grown on the ecological conservation islands and ridges.

[0013] Preferably, the shade plant is sesame, soybean or weeds.

[0014] Preferably, after setting up the ecological conservation island, an irrigation hole is set up on the ecological conservation island, and the method for setting up the irrigation hole comprises the following steps:

[0015] A pipe is buried on each ecological conservation island in a direction perpendicular to the long side of the ecological conservation island as an irrigation hole, the lower end of the pipe is buried flush with the field surface, and the diameter of the pipe is 25 to 30 cm;

[0016] The number of pipelines: A=L / 10-1; the length of the pipeline: B=M-4; wherein A represents the number of pipelines, in units of pieces, and is an integer value, and the integer value is obtained by directly discarding the value after the decimal point; L represents the length of the ecological conservation island, in units of m; B represents the length of the pipeline, in units of cm, and M represents the base width of the ecological conservation island, in units of cm.

[0017] Preferably, the ecological conservation island is set up in a rice field where winter drought-tolerant crops and rice are rotated.

[0018] Preferably, the ecological conservation island is set up after the harvest of winter drought-tolerant crops and before watering and harvesting earthworms.

[0019] Preferably, the winter drought-tolerant crop is rapeseed or astragalus.

[0020] Preferably, the method of harvesting earthworms by irrigation is to harvest 70% to 80% of the earthworms, with the remaining 20% ​​to 30% of the earthworms.

[0021] Preferably, rice planting is carried out after the remaining 20% ​​to 30% of the earthworms have entered the ecological conservation islands and field ridges.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The present invention provides a rice field earthworm breeding method based on the design of ecological conservation islands. According to the length and width of different fields, different numbers and sizes of earthworm ecological conservation islands are added to make full use of the expansion and propagation function of the ecological conservation islands, without the need for artificial seedling input, to promote the rapid coverage of the whole field by earthworms, lay the foundation for further high yield, and achieve cost reduction and efficiency improvement. At the same time, by thickening the original ridges of the rice fields and planting cover crops such as sesame and soybeans on the ecological conservation islands and ridges, it is beneficial to cool and moisturize the ecological conservation islands and ridges, ensuring the safe summer hibernation of earthworms, thereby providing a seed source basis for the rapid construction of earthworm groups in the field.

[0024] The present invention adds an earthworm ecological conservation island to the field, which can be constructed once and used permanently. The ecological conservation island only needs to be maintained once every 2 to 4 years to maintain the original design size of the ecological conservation island, which greatly reduces the labor input. The spacing of the ecological conservation island does not affect the operating width of the harvester and the rotary tiller, and irrigation holes can be set on the ecological conservation island to achieve high-yield earthworm breeding without affecting the operation of agricultural machinery and irrigation, greatly increase the economic benefits of the traditional water-land rotation system, and enhance the planting enthusiasm of farmers. Combined with the application of organic fertilizers such as cow dung, the number of earthworm groups in the field is greatly increased, the soil is effectively fertilized, and the growth of winter crops is promoted. The increased fallen leaves of winter crops can be fed by earthworms, achieving mutual benefit and win-win results between earthworms and winter crops. At the same time, earthworms greatly increase the capacity of the soil's quick-acting nutrient pool through a series of biological fertilization processes such as digging, digestion, and defecation, providing sufficient nutrient supply for crops, which is conducive to high crop yields and weight loss and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is an illustration of the field design of the earthworm ecological conservation island. Shade plants grow on the ridges and the ecological conservation island, but they are not reflected in the diagram to avoid making the diagram too complicated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention provides a rice field earthworm breeding method based on the design of an ecological conservation island. The design method of the ecological conservation island comprises: setting the ecological conservation island according to the length of the long side and the length of the wide side of the field according to the following formula:

[0027] The number of ecological conservation islands: N = W / 10;

[0028] The minimum distance between the base of the long side of the field and the center point of the base of the ecological conservation island: D = [W-(N-1)×10] / 2;

[0029] Length of ecological conservation island: L = X-12; the two ends of the long side of the ecological conservation island are 6 meters away from the wide side of the field;

[0030] Width of the base of the ecological conservation island: M = (X-30) / 10+40;

[0031] Height of ecological conservation island: H = (X-30) / 10+30;

[0032] Among them, N represents the number of ecological conservation islands, in units of bars, and takes an integer value. The integer value is obtained by directly discarding the value after the decimal point without rounding. For example, when the calculation result of W / 10 is 3.8, N takes an integer value of 3; W represents the length of the wide side of the field, in units of m, W≥10; D represents the minimum distance between the base of the long side of the field and the center point of the base of the ecological conservation island, in units of m; L represents the length of the ecological conservation island, in units of m; X represents the length of the long side of the field, in units of m; M represents the width of the base of the ecological conservation island, in units of cm; H represents the height of the ecological conservation island, in units of cm. In the above calculation formula, the numerical values ​​corresponding to the units of each letter are substituted into the formula for calculation, and the result obtained is directly the result of the corresponding unit of the corresponding letter. No conversion is performed between different units of a calculation formula. For example, in the formula H=(X-30) / 10+30, the numerical value corresponding to X in m is 30, then 30 is substituted into the formula for calculation, and the value of H 30 is obtained in units of cm, and no unit conversion is performed between m and cm.

[0033] In the present invention, the ecological conservation island is preferably an elongated mound, and the distance between two adjacent ecological conservation islands is preferably 10m. The design diagram of the ecological conservation island is as follows: Figure 1 The design examples of the ecological conservation island in different plots are shown in Table 1:

[0034] Table 1 Ecological conservation island design cases

[0035]

[0036] Note: The distance between ecological conservation islands is the distance between the base center points of two adjacent ecological conservation islands.

[0037] In the present invention, when setting up the ecological conservation island, it is preferred to also include thickening and raising the ridges, so that the width of the base of the ridges is 45-55cm, and the height of the ridges is 35-40cm. In one embodiment, the width of the base of the ridges can be 45cm, 48cm, 50cm, 52cm or 55cm, and the height of the ridges can be 35cm, 36cm, 37cm, 38cm, 39cm or 40cm. After setting up the ecological conservation island and thickening and raising the ridges, it is preferred to also include growing shade plants on the ecological conservation islands and ridges to promote cooling and moisture retention of the ridges and ensure the safe summer hibernation of earthworms; the shade plants are preferably sesame, soybeans or weeds, and the sesame and soybeans are preferably planted to grow on the ridges and ecological conservation islands, and the weeds are preferably not sprayed with herbicides on the ridges and ecological conservation islands, so that the weeds grow naturally on the ridges and ecological conservation islands.

[0038] In the present invention, after setting up the ecological conservation island, it is preferred to further include setting up irrigation holes on the ecological conservation island. The method of setting up the irrigation holes includes the following steps:

[0039] A pipe is buried on each ecological conservation island in a direction perpendicular to the long side of the ecological conservation island (i.e., in the direction of the wide side of the ecological conservation island) as an irrigation hole, and the lower end of the pipe is buried flush with the field surface, and the diameter of the pipe is 25 to 30 cm;

[0040] The number of pipelines: A=L / 10-1; the length of the pipeline: B=M-4; wherein A represents the number of pipelines, in units of pieces, and is an integer value, which is obtained by directly discarding the value after the decimal point without rounding off; L represents the length of the ecological conservation island, in units of m; B represents the length of the pipeline, in units of cm, and M represents the base width of the ecological conservation island, in units of cm.

[0041] The present invention does not specifically limit the material of the pipe, and conventional materials in the art can be used. In one embodiment, PVC pipes, bamboo tubes or wooden barrel pipes can be selected. In the present invention, the pipe is preferably buried in the center of the wide side of the ecological conservation island; the position of the irrigation hole can be set in one embodiment in such a way that the irrigation hole divides the long side of the ecological conservation island in half. The present invention can make the water flow between the fields on both sides of the conservation island smooth through the setting of the irrigation holes, thereby realizing earthworm conservation without affecting crop irrigation.

[0042] In the present invention, the ecological conservation island is preferably set in a paddy field where winter drought-tolerant crops and rice are rotated. The rotation is preferably to plant rice after harvesting winter drought-tolerant crops in May, harvest rice in late September, plant winter drought-tolerant crops in October, and harvest winter drought-tolerant crops in May of the following year. The winter drought-tolerant crops are preferably rapeseed or astragalus. The winter drought-tolerant crops and rice are preferably cultivated in no-tillage manner to reduce mechanical damage to the earthworms that have migrated into the field caused by mechanical tillage, and to promote the earthworms to quickly cover the entire field.

[0043] In the present invention, the setting time of the ecological conservation island is preferably after the harvest of winter drought-tolerant crops and before the irrigation and harvesting of earthworms. The irrigation and harvesting of earthworms is to harvest 70% to 80% of the earthworms, and the remaining 20% ​​to 30% of the earthworms. Because it is difficult to accurately control the harvest of earthworms during harvesting, it is sufficient as long as the weight of the harvested earthworms (fresh biomass) accounts for 70% to 80% of the total weight of earthworms in the field. The irrigation is preferably flooding the field with 5 to 8 cm of water. After harvesting the earthworms, it is preferred to wait for the remaining earthworms to enter the ecological conservation island and the ridge before rice cultivation. In the late growth period of rice, it is preferred to irrigate 1 to 2 times of running water, and more preferably irrigate 2 times of running water. The 2 times of running water are preferably spaced 7 to 10 days apart, and more preferably 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or 10 days apart to ensure the field is moist, promote the early migration of young earthworms into the field, increase the field growth period of earthworms, and lay the foundation for high yield of earthworms. The late growth period of rice is preferably in early September.

[0044] In the present invention, after rice is harvested, the next round of winter drought-tolerant crops can be planted. Before the winter drought-tolerant crops are planted, it is preferred to apply organic fertilizer to provide sufficient food for the rapid construction of field earthworm populations. The amount of organic fertilizer applied is preferably 200-400 kg / mu. In one embodiment, 200 kg / mu, 250 kg / mu, 300 kg / mu, 350 kg / mu or 400 kg / mu can be selected. The organic fertilizer is preferably decomposed cow dung or decomposed pig dung. Before planting the winter drought-tolerant crops, it is preferred to further include ditching and dividing the fields. The ditching and dividing the fields is preferably carried out by a ditching machine. The width of the ditching and dividing fields is preferably set to 2-2.5m, more preferably 2m, 2.1m, 2.2m, 2.3m, 2.4m or 2.5m, and the ditch width is preferably set to 15-20cm, more preferably 15cm, 16cm, 17cm, 18cm, 19cm or 20cm; the depth of the ditch is preferably set to 14-16cm, more preferably 14cm, 15cm or 16cm; the depth of the surrounding ditch is preferably set to 16-18cm, more preferably 16cm, 17cm or 18cm; the ditching and dividing the fields should ensure that the ditch and surrounding ditch are connected to ensure smooth field drainage and avoid water accumulation in the field affecting the growth of winter drought-tolerant crops and earthworms. After the winter drought-tolerant crops are harvested in the second year, there is no need to set up the ecological conservation island again, and 70% to 80% of the earthworms can be harvested by irrigation. From the first time the ecological conservation island is set up, maintenance is carried out on the ecological conservation island every 2 to 4 years, preferably every 2, 3 or 4 years, to maintain the original size of the ecological conservation island.

[0045] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, all of them are conventional methods.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] Rapeseed was harvested from May 8 to May 15, 2023. After the rapeseed was harvested, ecological conservation islands were set up according to the length of the long side and wide side of the field. The length of the long side of the field, the length of the wide side of the field, and the number and size of the ecological conservation islands are shown in Table 2. At the same time, irrigation holes were set on the ecological conservation islands in such a way that the long side of the ecological conservation island was divided equally by the irrigation holes. The irrigation holes were used as irrigation holes by burying PVC pipes with a diameter of 28 cm in a direction perpendicular to the long side (i.e., the wide side direction of the ecological conservation island). The lower end of the PVC pipe was flush with the field surface and buried in the center of the wide side direction of the ecological conservation island. The number of PVC pipes (number of irrigation holes) and length (irrigation hole length) are shown in Table 2.

[0050] While designing the ecological conservation island, the ridges are thickened and raised to make the base 50cm wide and 38cm high. Sesame is then planted on the ecological conservation island and the ridges. The field is flooded with 5-8cm of water, and 70%-80% of the earthworms are harvested by irrigation. After the remaining 20-30% of the earthworms in the field have all migrated to the ecological conservation island and the ridges, rotary tillage is used to plant rice. The rice will be sown from May 20 to May 26, 2023. In early and mid-September, the rice will enter the late growth stage and will be irrigated twice, with an interval of 8 days between the two times. The rice will be harvested from September 22 to September 28 and the rice yield will be measured.

[0051] Rapeseed was sown from October 5 to October 15, 2023, using no-till direct seeding. Before planting, 300 kg / mu of decomposed cow dung was applied. A trencher was used to dig trenches and divide the fields. The width of the field was 2.5m, and the trenches and surrounding trenches were connected. The trench width was 20cm, the depth of the trench was 15cm, and the depth of the surrounding trench was 17cm. During the growth period of rapeseed, the date when earthworms covered the entire field and the uniformity of the field distribution of earthworm populations when the entire field was covered were recorded. Rapeseed was harvested from May 8 to May 15, 2024 and rapeseed yield was measured. Earthworm yield was measured from May 16 to May 19, 2024.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Rapeseed was harvested from May 8 to May 15, 2023. After the rapeseed was harvested, ecological conservation islands were set up according to the length of the long side and wide side of the field. The length of the long side of the field, the length of the wide side of the field, and the number and size of the ecological conservation islands are shown in Table 2. At the same time, irrigation holes were set on the ecological conservation islands in such a way that the long side of the ecological conservation island was divided equally by the irrigation holes. The irrigation holes were used as irrigation holes by burying PVC pipes with a diameter of 30 cm in a direction perpendicular to the long side (i.e., the wide side direction of the ecological conservation island). The lower end of the PVC pipe was flush with the field surface and buried in the center of the wide side direction of the ecological conservation island. The number of PVC pipes (number of irrigation holes) and length (irrigation hole length) are shown in Table 2.

[0054] While designing the ecological conservation island, the ridges are thickened and raised to make the base 45cm wide and 40cm high. Then soybeans are planted on the ecological conservation island and the ridges. The field is flooded with 5-8cm of water, and 70%-80% of the earthworms are harvested by irrigation. After the remaining 20%-30% of the earthworms in the field have all migrated to the ecological conservation island and the ridges, rotary tillage is used to plant rice. Rice will be sown from May 20 to May 26, 2023. In early and mid-September, rice will enter the late growth period and will be irrigated twice, with an interval of 7 days between the two times. The rice will be harvested from September 22 to September 28 and the rice yield will be measured.

[0055] Rapeseed was sown from October 5 to October 15, 2023, using no-till direct seeding. Before planting, 200 kg / mu of decomposed pig manure was applied. A trencher was used to dig trenches and divide the fields. The width of the field was 2m, and the trenches and surrounding trenches were connected. The trench width was 15cm, the depth of the trench was 14cm, and the depth of the surrounding trench was 16cm. During the growth period of rapeseed, the date when earthworms covered the entire field and the uniformity of the field distribution of earthworm populations when the entire field was covered were recorded. Rapeseed was harvested from May 8 to May 15, 2024 and rapeseed yield was measured. Earthworm yield was measured from May 16 to May 19, 2024.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] Rapeseed was harvested from May 8 to May 15, 2023. After the rapeseed was harvested, ecological conservation islands were set up according to the length of the long side and wide side of the field. The length of the long side of the field, the length of the wide side of the field, and the number and size of the ecological conservation islands are shown in Table 2. At the same time, irrigation holes were set on the ecological conservation islands in such a way that the long side of the ecological conservation island was divided equally by the irrigation holes. The irrigation holes were used as irrigation holes by burying PVC pipes with a diameter of 25 cm in a direction perpendicular to the long side (i.e., the wide side direction of the ecological conservation island). The lower end of the PVC pipe was flush with the field surface and buried in the center of the wide side direction of the ecological conservation island. The number of PVC pipes (number of irrigation holes) and length (irrigation hole length) are shown in Table 2.

[0058] While designing the ecological conservation island, the ridges are thickened and raised to make their base 55cm wide and 35cm high. No herbicides are applied on the ecological conservation islands and ridges, allowing the weeds on the ecological conservation islands and ridges to grow naturally. The fields are flooded with 5-8cm of water, and 70%-80% of the earthworms are harvested by irrigation. After the remaining 20%-30% of the earthworms in the field have all migrated to the ecological conservation islands and ridges, rotary tillage is used to plant rice. Rice will be sown from May 20 to May 26, 2023. In early and mid-September, rice will enter the late growth period and will be irrigated twice, with an interval of 10 days between the two times. The rice will be harvested from September 22 to September 28 and the rice yield will be measured.

[0059] Rapeseed was sown from October 5 to October 15, 2023, using no-till direct seeding. Before planting, 400 kg / mu of decomposed cow dung was applied. A trencher was used to dig trenches and divide the fields. The width of the field was 2.3m, and the trenches and surrounding trenches were connected. The trench width was 18cm, the depth of the trench was 16cm, and the depth of the surrounding trench was 18cm. During the growth period of rapeseed, the date when earthworms covered the whole field and the uniformity of the field distribution of earthworm populations when the whole field was covered were recorded. Rapeseed was harvested from May 8 to May 15, 2024 and rapeseed yield was measured. Earthworm yield was measured from May 16 to May 19, 2024.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] Rapeseed was harvested from May 8 to May 15, 2023. After the rapeseed was harvested, ecological conservation islands were set up according to the length of the long side and wide side of the field. The length of the long side of the field, the length of the wide side of the field, and the number and size of the ecological conservation islands are shown in Table 2. At the same time, irrigation holes were set on the ecological conservation islands in such a way that the long side of the ecological conservation island was divided equally by the irrigation holes. The irrigation holes were used as irrigation holes by burying PVC pipes with a diameter of 28 cm in a direction perpendicular to the long side (i.e., the wide side direction of the ecological conservation island). The lower end of the PVC pipe was flush with the field surface and buried in the center of the wide side direction of the ecological conservation island. The number of PVC pipes (number of irrigation holes) and length (irrigation hole length) are shown in Table 2.

[0062] While designing the ecological conservation island, the ridges are thickened and raised to make the base 48cm wide and 36cm high. Then soybeans are planted on the ecological conservation island and the ridges. The field is flooded with 5-8cm of water, and 70%-80% of the earthworms are harvested by irrigation. After the remaining 20%-30% of the earthworms in the field have all migrated to the ecological conservation island and the ridges, rotary tillage is used to plant rice. The rice will be sown from May 20 to May 26, 2023. In early and mid-September, the rice will enter the late growth stage and will be irrigated once. The rice will be harvested from September 22 to September 28 and the rice yield will be measured.

[0063] Rapeseed was sown from October 5 to October 15, 2023, using no-till direct seeding. Before planting, 200 kg / mu of decomposed cow dung was applied. A trencher was used to dig trenches and divide the fields. The width of the field was 2.4 m, and the trenches and surrounding trenches were connected. The trench width was 19 cm, the trench depth was 15 cm, and the surrounding trench depth was 18 cm. During the rapeseed growth period, the date when the earthworms covered the entire field and the uniformity of the earthworm population in the field when the entire field was covered were recorded. The rapeseed was harvested and the rapeseed yield was measured from May 8 to May 15, 2024. The earthworm yield was measured from May 16 to May 19, 2024.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] The only difference from Example 1 is that the length of the long side of the field, the length of the wide side of the field, the number and size of the ecological conservation islands, and the number and length of the irrigation holes are different from those in Example 1, see Table 2 for details, and the rest of the operations are the same as in Example 1.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] The only difference from Example 2 is that the length of the long side of the field, the length of the wide side of the field, the number and size of the ecological conservation islands, and the number and length of the irrigation holes are different from those in Example 2, see Table 2 for details, and the rest of the operations are the same as in Example 2.

[0068] Example 7

[0069] The only difference from Example 3 is that the length of the long side of the field, the length of the wide side of the field, the number and size of the ecological conservation islands, and the number and length of the irrigation holes are different from those in Example 3, see Table 2 for details, and the rest of the operations are the same as in Example 3.

[0070] Example 8

[0071] The only difference from Example 4 is that the length of the long side of the field, the length of the wide side of the field, the number and size of the ecological conservation islands, and the number and length of the irrigation holes are different from those in Example 4, see Table 2 for details, and the rest of the operations are the same as in Example 4.

[0072] Comparative Example 1-1, Comparative Example 1-2

[0073] The lengths of the long sides of the fields of Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2 are in the same range as those of Example 1, and the only difference is that the actual long side lengths of the fields are slightly different. Comparative Example 1-1 does not set an ecological conservation island, and the calculation method of the number and size of the ecological conservation islands designed in Comparative Example 1-2 is different from that in Example 1, and no irrigation holes are set on the ecological conservation islands, as shown in Table 2. The rest of the operations are the same as in Example 1.

[0074] Comparative Example 2-1, Comparative Example 2-2

[0075] The lengths of the long sides of the fields of Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2 are in the same range as those of Example 2, and the only difference is that the actual lengths of the long sides of the fields are slightly different. Comparative Example 2-1 does not set up ecological conservation islands, and the calculation method of the number and size of ecological conservation islands designed in Comparative Example 2-2 is different from that in Example 2, and no irrigation holes are set on the ecological conservation islands, as shown in Table 2. The rest of the operations are the same as in Example 2.

[0076] Comparative Example 3-1, Comparative Example 3-2

[0077] The length of the long side of the field in Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2 is in the same range as that in Example 3, and the only difference is that the actual long side length of the field is slightly different. Comparative Example 3-1 does not set an ecological conservation island, and the calculation method of the number and size of the ecological conservation islands designed in Comparative Example 3-2 is different from that in Example 3, and no irrigation holes are set on the ecological conservation islands, see Table 2 for details. The rest of the operations are the same as in Example 3.

[0078] Comparative Example 4-1, Comparative Example 4-2

[0079] The lengths of the long sides of the fields of Comparative Examples 4-1 and 4-2 are in the same range as that of Example 4, and the only difference is that the actual long side lengths of the fields are slightly different. Comparative Example 4-1 does not set up ecological conservation islands, and the calculation method of the number and size of ecological conservation islands designed in Comparative Example 4-2 is different from that in Example 4, and no irrigation holes are set on the ecological conservation islands, see Table 2 for details. The rest of the operations are the same as in Example 4.

[0080] Comparative Example 5-1, Comparative Example 5-2, Comparative Example 5-3

[0081] The length of the long side of the field in Comparative Examples 5-1, 5-2 and 5-3 is in the same range as that in Example 5, the only difference is that the actual long side length of the field is slightly different, Comparative Example 5-1 does not set an ecological conservation island, and the calculation method of the number and size of the ecological conservation islands designed in Comparative Examples 5-2 and 5-3 is different from that in Example 5, and no irrigation holes are set on the ecological conservation islands, see Table 2 for details. The rest of the operations are the same as in Example 5.

[0082] Comparative Example 6-1, Comparative Example 6-2, Comparative Example 6-3

[0083] The length of the long side of the field in Comparative Examples 6-1, 6-2 and 6-3 is in the same range as that in Example 6, the only difference being that the actual long side length of the field is slightly different, Comparative Example 6-1 does not set an ecological conservation island, and the calculation method of the number and size of the ecological conservation islands designed in Comparative Examples 6-2 and 6-3 is different from that in Example 6, and no irrigation holes are set on the ecological conservation islands, see Table 2 for details. The rest of the operations are the same as in Example 6.

[0084] Comparative Example 7-1, Comparative Example 7-2, Comparative Example 7-3

[0085] The length of the long side of the field in Comparative Examples 7-1, 7-2 and 7-3 is in the same range as that in Example 7, the only difference is that the actual long side length of the field is slightly different, Comparative Example 7-1 does not set up an ecological conservation island, and the calculation method of the number and size of the ecological conservation islands designed in Comparative Examples 7-2 and 7-3 is different from that in Example 7, and no irrigation holes are set on the ecological conservation islands, see Table 2 for details. The rest of the operations are the same as in Example 7.

[0086] Comparative Example 8-1, Comparative Example 8-2, Comparative Example 8-3

[0087] The lengths of the long sides of the fields in Comparative Examples 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3 are in the same range as those in Example 8, the only difference being that the actual long side lengths of the fields are slightly different, Comparative Example 8-1 does not set up ecological conservation islands, and the calculation methods for the number and size of ecological conservation islands designed in Comparative Examples 8-2 and 8-3 are different from those in Example 8, and irrigation holes are not set up on the ecological conservation islands, see Table 2 for details. The rest of the operations are the same as in Example 8.

[0088] Table 2 Design of ecological conservation islands in various embodiments and comparative examples

[0089]

[0090] Note: The number and size of the ecological conservation islands in Examples 1-8 are calculated according to the formula in the ecological conservation island design method of the present invention; the number and length of the irrigation holes on the ecological conservation islands in Examples 1-8 are calculated according to the formula in the irrigation hole setting method of the present invention.

[0091] result:

[0092] The dates of full field coverage of earthworms in the embodiments and comparative examples, the uniformity of field distribution of earthworm populations, and the yields of earthworms and crops are shown in Table 3.

[0093] The results in Table 3 show that: taking the rapeseed-rice water-land rotation as an example, in the mode of setting one ecological conservation island in the present invention 1 (Examples 1-4), the date when earthworms covered the entire field was 23 days earlier than that of the blank control 1 (CK1) without an ecological conservation island, the average field distribution uniformity of earthworms increased by 27.0 percentage points compared with CK1, the average yield of earthworms, the average yield of rapeseed and the average yield of rice increased by 141.6%, 16.6% and 4.6% respectively compared with CK1, the average efficiency increase of earthworms, the average efficiency increase of rapeseed and the average efficiency increase of rice were 648.0 yuan / mu, 96.8 yuan / mu and 69.9 yuan / mu respectively, and the cumulative efficiency increase was 814.7 yuan / mu. The average earthworm yield, rapeseed yield and rice yield of the present invention 1 (Examples 1-4) increased by 74.5%, 13.1% and 0.7% respectively compared with an ecological conservation island designed according to the design method of an ecological conservation island not of the present invention (Control 1), and the cumulative efficiency increased by 562.2 yuan / mu.

[0094] In the mode of setting three ecological conservation islands in the present invention 2 (Examples 5-8), the date when earthworms covered the whole field was 28 days earlier than that of the blank control 2 (CK2) without setting ecological conservation islands. The average field distribution uniformity of earthworms increased by 34.4 percentage points compared with CK2. The average yield of earthworms, the average yield of rapeseed and the average yield of rice increased by 156.4%, 15.0% and 3.7% respectively compared with CK2. The average efficiency of earthworms, the average efficiency of rapeseed and the average efficiency of rice were 634.5 yuan / mu, 85.7 yuan / mu and 56.9 yuan / mu respectively. The efficiency increase is 777.0 yuan / mu, and the average yield of earthworms, the average yield of rapeseed and the average yield of rice are increased by 56.3%, 10.5% and 0.8% respectively compared with the design of 3 ecological conservation islands (control 2) by the design method of ecological conservation islands not of the present invention, and the cumulative efficiency increase is 449 yuan / mu, and the average yield of earthworms, the average yield of rapeseed and the average yield of rice are increased by 33%, 14.4% and 2.8% respectively compared with the design of 5 ecological conservation islands (control 3) by the design method of ecological conservation islands not of the present invention, and the cumulative efficiency increase is 385.0 yuan / mu. It shows that the present invention, by reasonably setting up earthworm ecological conservation islands, on the basis of doubling the earthworm yield, will not only not lead to crop yield reduction, but also promote crop yield increase, especially promote rape yield increase, and the cumulative efficiency increase effect is obvious, while blindly increasing the number of ecological conservation islands can also increase earthworm yield, but the yield increase effect on earthworms is not as good as that of the present invention, and the effect on crop yield increase is very small.

[0095] Table 3 Efficiency improvement of high-yield earthworm farming in rice fields based on ecological conservation island design

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] Note: The cumulative efficiency increase is the yield of earthworms, rice and rapeseed under the ecological conservation island design minus the yield of earthworms, rice and rapeseed under the same field size without ecological conservation island, multiplied by the corresponding unit price of earthworms (6 yuan / kg), rice (2.6 yuan / kg) and rapeseed (5.5 yuan / kg).

[0099] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rice field earthworm breeding method based on ecological conservation island design, characterized in that: The design method of the ecological conservation island includes: setting the ecological conservation island according to the length of the long side and the length of the wide side of the field according to the following formula: The number of ecological conservation islands: N = W / 10; The minimum distance between the base of the long side of the field and the center point of the base of the ecological conservation island: D = [W-(N-1)×10] / 2; Length of ecological conservation island: L = X-12; the two ends of the long side of the ecological conservation island are 6 meters away from the wide side of the field; Width of the base of the ecological conservation island: M = (X-30) / 10+40; Height of ecological conservation island: H = (X-30) / 10+30; Among them, N represents the number of ecological conservation islands, the unit is bar, and the integer value is obtained by directly discarding the decimal point; W represents the length of the wide side of the field, the unit is m, W ≥ 10; D represents the minimum distance between the base of the long side of the field and the center point of the base of the ecological conservation island, the unit is m; L represents the length of the ecological conservation island, the unit is m; X represents the length of the long side of the field, the unit is m; M represents the width of the base of the ecological conservation island, the unit is cm; H represents the height of the ecological conservation island, the unit is cm.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When setting up ecological conservation islands, the ridges of the fields are also thickened and raised so that the base of the ridges is 45 to 55 cm wide and the height of the ridges is 35 to 40 cm.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After setting up ecological conservation islands and thickening and raising the ridges, it is also necessary to grow shade plants on the ecological conservation islands and ridges.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The shade plants are sesame, soybean or weeds.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After setting up the ecological conservation island, an irrigation hole is set up on the ecological conservation island. The method for setting up the irrigation hole includes the following steps: A pipe is buried on each ecological conservation island in a direction perpendicular to the long side of the ecological conservation island as an irrigation hole, the lower end of the pipe is buried flush with the field surface, and the diameter of the pipe is 25 to 30 cm; The number of pipelines: A=L / 10-1; the length of the pipeline: B=M-4; wherein A represents the number of pipelines, in units of pieces, and is an integer value, and the integer value is obtained by directly discarding the value after the decimal point; L represents the length of the ecological conservation island, in units of m; B represents the length of the pipeline, in units of cm, and M represents the base width of the ecological conservation island, in units of cm.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The ecological conservation island is set in a paddy field where winter drought-tolerant crops and rice are rotated.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The ecological conservation island is set up after the harvest of winter drought-tolerant crops and before watering and harvesting earthworms.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The winter drought-tolerant crops are rapeseed or astragalus.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method of harvesting earthworms by watering is to harvest 70% to 80% of the earthworms and the remaining 20% ​​to 30% of the earthworms.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Rice planting can be carried out after the remaining 20% ​​to 30% of earthworms have entered the ecological conservation islands and field ridges.

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