Intelligent multi-stage asphalt pavement old material oil and stone separation device

Abstract

The application relates to an intelligent multi-stage excitation asphalt pavement old material oil and stone separation device and belongs to the technical field of highway engineering. The device comprises a fixed base, a grinding rod start-stop and regulator, a grinding rod heating regulator, a separation bin start-stop and regulator and a temperature controller; a multi-stage rotary separation bin is installed on the fixed base; the inside of the multi-stage rotary separation bin is separated into a first-stage separation bin, a second-stage separation bin, a third-stage separation bin and a fourth-stage separation bin from top to bottom through three sieve plates with sieve holes; the application realizes efficient, high-value, fine and environment-friendly recycling of asphalt pavement old materials, and achieves the purpose of changing the asphalt pavement old materials from waste into treasure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of highway engineering technology, specifically relating to an intelligent multi-stage activating asphalt pavement old material asphalt-aggregate separation device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, a significant number of asphalt pavements in China are facing large-scale maintenance, repair, and even reconstruction. It is estimated that major and medium-scale repair projects on ordinary national and provincial highways alone generate 160 million tons of asphalt pavement waste annually, while the recycling rate of highway pavement materials in my country is less than 30%. According to incomplete statistics, Yunnan Province alone generates over 2 million tons of asphalt pavement waste annually from milling. Due to extensive stockpiling and the lack of specialized classification and management, the sources and composition of asphalt pavement waste are extremely complex, severely impacting its recycling. Therefore, the stockpiling and comprehensive disposal of recycled asphalt pavement materials has gradually become a pressing technical problem to be solved in the road engineering field.

[0003] To address the engineering challenges of recycling asphalt pavement materials, a series of research and practical studies have been conducted both domestically and internationally on asphalt-aggregate separation processes and equipment. These efforts aim to provide uniform and high-quality raw materials for recycled asphalt mixtures, thereby ensuring the engineering quality of the recycled mixtures. Currently, the main methods for separating asphalt and aggregate phases in asphalt pavement materials include chemical asphalt-aggregate separation technology and physical-mechanical stripping asphalt-aggregate separation technology.

[0004] Chemical asphalt-aggregate separation technology uses organic solvents to separate asphalt from recycled aggregates, forming a mixed solution. Aged asphalt can be recovered through a series of steps including centrifugal sedimentation and rotary evaporation, while aggregates with low (almost no) asphalt residue can be recycled. This method is very effective at separating asphalt from aggregates in recycled aggregates, but it also has obvious drawbacks: First, the method is time-consuming, has low asphalt-aggregate separation efficiency, and causes some environmental pollution; second, the asphalt obtained by this method contains a certain amount of mineral powder, which will have a significant adverse impact on the subsequent evaluation and use of the asphalt; third, the method is costly and requires a large amount of large-scale process equipment; fourth, this method almost completely strips asphalt from the aggregates, causing the original asphalt film structure to be almost completely destroyed, resulting in a loss of adhesion between aggregates, increasing the amount of asphalt used in the aggregate reuse process, and hindering the recycling of aggregates.

[0005] Physical-mechanical stripping and asphalt-aggregate separation technology mainly utilizes mechanical equipment such as crushers to separate asphalt from aggregates in old asphalt pavement. Through the combined effects of impact, shearing, and grinding by the crusher, some asphalt is stripped from the aggregate surface, and the aggregate is also processed to a certain extent. Finally, the material is discharged from the crusher once the particle size meets the requirements. Based on the different external forces applied to the material by the crusher, commonly used crushing machinery in engineering is currently divided into impact crushers (including hammer crushers and impact crushers) and compression crushers (including jaw crushers, cone crushers, and roller crushers). The book *Technical Recommendations for Highways* (TRH 21: 2009) particularly emphasizes the importance of crushing, processing, and storing old asphalt pavement materials. my country's current *Technical Specification for Highway Asphalt Pavement Recycling* (JTG F41-2019) also provides detailed explanations of milling recycling, crushing, screening, and classified storage of old asphalt pavement materials. However, traditional crushers have a significant drawback: their crushing method is rigid crushing. In the crushing process, they usually rely mainly on pressure (or extrusion force) to break down coarse aggregates. This crushing method can lead to two serious problems: first, it can refine the aggregate gradation; second, it can deteriorate the mechanical properties of the aggregates. This can seriously damage the performance of aggregates in old asphalt pavement materials and restrict the recycling of old asphalt pavement materials.

[0006] Currently, there are several problems with the recycling of asphalt pavement aggregates. First, the separation of asphalt and aggregate in asphalt pavement aggregates is not very effective, especially in fine aggregate screening, which is extremely difficult and prone to clogging, leading to unstable gradation of the screened aggregate. Conventional methods are unsatisfactory in separating asphalt pavement aggregates and may even severely damage the original aggregate properties. Second, the recycling of asphalt pavement aggregates is not efficient. Most recycling methods are still limited to low-value utilization technologies. Fine separation of asphalt pavement aggregates is crucial for their efficient recycling. There is a significant lack of targeted application technologies for the different functional layers of roads after fine separation, or for reuse technologies in other industries. Ultimately, this stems from the poor performance of asphalt-aggregate separation technology in asphalt pavement aggregates.

[0007] Therefore, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of highway engineering technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an intelligent multi-stage activating asphalt pavement old material asphalt-aggregate separation device.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] The intelligent multi-stage excitation asphalt pavement old material oil-stone separation device includes a fixed base, a grinding rod start / stop and regulator, a grinding rod heating regulator, and a separation chamber start / stop and regulator.

[0011] A multi-stage rotating separation chamber is installed on a fixed base;

[0012] The multi-stage rotating separation chamber includes four coaxially arranged separation chambers (Level I, Level II, Level III, and Level IV) arranged from top to bottom; each of these chambers can rotate independently.

[0013] The bottoms of the Level I, Level II, Level III, and Level IV separation chambers are all sieve plates with perforated screens, and the diameter of the perforated screens in these four separation chambers is arranged in descending order.

[0014] Each of the Level I, Level II, Level III, and Level IV separation chambers is connected to a discharge device via a control discharge valve at the lower part of one side.

[0015] The discharge ends of the four discharge devices are located above the automatic material collection and conveying device;

[0016] A screen residue discharge port is installed on the side wall of the multi-stage rotary separation chamber, and below the IV-stage separation chamber.

[0017] Each of the Level I, Level II, Level III, and Level IV separation chambers has a grinding rod support platform installed in its lower part.

[0018] Multiple dendritic grinding rods are mounted on the grinding rod support platform;

[0019] The grinding rod start / stop and regulator is connected to the dendritic grinding rod and is used to control the start and stop of the dendritic grinding rod, as well as the rotation speed and direction of rotation of the dendritic grinding rod.

[0020] The dendritic grinding rod has a built-in heating resistance wire; the grinding rod heating regulator is connected to the dendritic grinding rod and is used to turn the heating function of the dendritic grinding rod on and off.

[0021] The separation chamber start / stop and controller are connected to the Level I, Level II, Level III, and Level IV separation chambers respectively, and are used to control the start and stop, rotation speed, rotation direction, and vibration frequency of the Level I, Level II, Level III, and Level IV separation chambers.

[0022] For the Level I, Level II, Level III, and Level IV separation chambers, the rotation direction of the four separation chambers is opposite to the rotation direction of the dendritic grinding rods installed inside them;

[0023] It also includes an AI intelligent aggregate oil film controller and an overload torque cutter. The AI ​​intelligent aggregate oil film controller is used to monitor whether the output of the automatic aggregate conveying device meets the requirements of the corresponding level. If it does not meet the requirements, an alarm will be triggered.

[0024] The overload torque cutter is connected to the grinding rod start / stop and controller to monitor the torque of the dendritic grinding rod; when the torque of the dendritic grinding rod exceeds the set value, the grinding rod rotation function is cut off.

[0025] Furthermore, preferably, it also includes a grinding rod spacing regulator; the grinding rod spacing regulator is connected to the grinding rod support platform, and the grinding rod spacing regulator is used to regulate the row spacing and column spacing of the installation position of the dendritic grinding rods on the grinding rod support platform, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating the grinding rod spacing.

[0026] Furthermore, preferably, the bottom of the Level I separation chamber, Level II separation chamber, Level III separation chamber, and Level IV separation chamber are all screen plates with perforated holes, with hole diameters of 30mm, 20mm, 10mm, and 5mm, respectively.

[0027] Furthermore, preferably, it also includes a temperature controller, and temperature sensors are provided in each of the Level I, Level II, Level III, and Level IV separation chambers; the temperature controller is connected to the grinding rod heating regulator and the temperature sensors respectively; it is used to control the heating temperature of the grinding rod heating regulator according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensors, thereby controlling the temperature in the Level I, Level II, Level III, and Level IV separation chambers.

[0028] Furthermore, preferably, the dendritic grinding rod includes a trunk and branches connected to the trunk; the branches are stirring blades; and the surface of the stirring blades is uniformly provided with filing teeth.

[0029] Furthermore, preferably, it also includes a start / stop controller and an emergency stop button;

[0030] The start / stop controller is connected to an external power supply system and is used to control the start and stop of the intelligent multi-stage ignition asphalt pavement old material oil-stone separation device when the device is powered on.

[0031] The emergency stop button is used to stop the operation of the intelligent multi-stage ignition asphalt pavement old material oil-stone separation device in an emergency, so as to put it into a power-off state.

[0032] The purpose of this invention is to solve the engineering challenges of recycling old asphalt pavement materials. It innovatively proposes an intelligent multi-stage activated fine asphalt-aggregate separation device for old asphalt pavement materials. Utilizing dense grinding, rotary separation, and multi-stage activation technology, it selects steel blades with a certain degree of toughness and toothed rakes for repeated rotating and kneading physical separation, along with spatial thermal activation-assisted softening and stripping of the asphalt. Furthermore, it employs multi-stage screening technology to achieve the goal of finely separating aggregates and asphalt in old asphalt pavement materials. This effectively separates aggregates and asphalt in multiple stages (separated according to particle size) without damaging the asphalt permeable membrane structure adhering to the aggregate surface. This achieves efficient asphalt-aggregate separation, ensuring the overall quality of the separated aggregates and maximizing the value of the aggregates during recycling, thereby reducing the price of aggregates and the amount of new asphalt used, achieving optimal engineering application results. Simultaneously, it realizes efficient, high-value, refined, and environmentally friendly recycling of old asphalt pavement materials, turning waste into treasure.

[0033] In this invention, "oil-aggregate separation" is a specific term. "Oil" refers to the asphalt in the old asphalt pavement material, and "aggregate" refers to the aggregate (usually known as gravel, which comes in different particle sizes) in the old asphalt pavement material. In old asphalt pavement material, asphalt and aggregate are intertwined, forming irregular lumps. Oil-aggregate separation refers to using specific techniques to separate the aggregate and asphalt in the old asphalt pavement material, enabling the recycling of the aggregate. Generally, asphalt is relatively difficult to separate and collect, and it adheres to the fine particles in the aggregate (because aggregate comes in different particle sizes; aggregate with a particle size less than 5mm is called sand) for use as asphalt sand.

[0034] In this invention, the softening point of asphalt refers to the temperature at which asphalt changes from a solid to a liquid state during the process of temperature increase.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0036] First, a novel method for separating aggregate and asphalt from old asphalt pavement material using intensive grinding technology is proposed. This method utilizes a dendritic grinding rod that rotates continuously 360 degrees to separate aggregate and asphalt from the old material. The grinding rod is equipped with adjustable-spaced, cylindrical, dendritic mixing blades with highly resilient and wear-resistant filing teeth. This efficiently grinds the old asphalt pavement material, causing continuous separation of aggregate and asphalt during rotation. This method effectively protects the properties of the aggregate in the old asphalt pavement material, avoids secondary crushing of the aggregate, and does not affect the mechanical properties of the aggregate. Furthermore, the grinding time and grinding rod speed can be selected according to the aging degree of the asphalt in the old asphalt pavement material, controlling the amount of old asphalt adhering to the aggregate surface after separation. This maximizes the adhesiveness of the old asphalt, improves the bonding performance between old and aggregate materials, reduces the amount of new asphalt used in recycling, and achieves optimal engineering application results.

[0037] Secondly, a multi-stage classification grinding and asphalt-aggregate separation technology was creatively proposed. This technology utilizes different rotating chambers to separate asphalt and aggregate within different particle size ranges. This technology can classify old asphalt pavement materials according to different particle sizes. Generally, four different sieve sizes of 30mm, 20mm, 10mm, and 5mm are used to divide the grading rotating chambers into four different rotating separation chambers: >30mm, 20~30mm, 10~20mm, and 5~10mm, denoted as grades I to IV. The spacing of the grinding rods in each rotating chamber is set differently. Under normal circumstances, the spacing of the grinding rods in the grade I to IV rotating separation chambers is set to 30mm, 20mm, 10mm, and 5mm respectively. It can be adjusted according to actual engineering needs to meet the separation particle size of each grade of aggregate, thereby achieving the purpose of fine separation of aggregate and asphalt in old materials.

[0038] Third, a novel spatial thermal activation-assisted asphalt-aggregate separation technology was proposed. This technology involves incorporating an adjustable-temperature heating function into the grinding rod. The temperature is typically set below the softening point of the old asphalt (the temperature at which asphalt changes from a solid to a liquid state during temperature rise), usually around 40°C. Lower temperatures are used if the old material is highly aged. This spatial thermal activation-assisted asphalt-aggregate separation technology primarily utilizes a three-dimensional heating process to activate the asphalt's activity during old material processing. This allows for rapid separation of the asphalt from the aggregate. The heating process, conducted at a temperature below the softening point, ensures easy detachment of the asphalt from the aggregate while preventing it from flowing, facilitating the separation operation. Simultaneously, it avoids the adverse effects of secondary aging of the asphalt, preserving the asphalt film structure permeating the aggregate surface, which is beneficial for the recycling of the aggregate.

[0039] Fourth, an innovative asynchronous thermally activated asphalt-aggregate separation technology is proposed. Before the old asphalt pavement material is placed into the rotary separation chamber, the grinding rods are heated to a specified temperature. Then, the old asphalt pavement material is placed in and left to stand in a heated environment for a certain period (the standing heating time is determined according to the aging degree of the old material). This allows the old asphalt pavement material to initially soften and separate. During this stage, the rotation function of the device is not activated; this is called the static thermal activation stage. After heating is complete, the rotation function of the device is activated, and asphalt-aggregate separation is carried out step by step under the action of rotation. During the rotary separation process, the thermal activation function of each stage of the rotary separation chamber is fully activated. The heating temperature of each stage of the rotary separation chamber can be set uniformly or separately. A reasonable temperature setting based on the aging degree and gradation of the old material leads to the separation of aggregates and asphalt in the old material; this process is called the dynamic thermal activation stage. The asynchronous thermally activated asphalt-aggregate separation technology solves the engineering and technical problems of the initial old asphalt pavement material being difficult to break, difficult to retain the integrity of the original aggregate gradation and mechanical properties, and the application of the new dynamic thermally activated asphalt-aggregate separation technology under the action of the rotary separation chamber is beneficial for the fine separation of aggregates of different particle sizes.

[0040] Fifth, a novel technology combining reverse rotation and active / passive torque is proposed to enhance asphalt-aggregate separation. This involves densely packed, dendritic grinding rods rotating counter-clockwise with a multi-stage rotating separation chamber, typically with the grinding rods rotating clockwise and the chambers counter-clockwise, thus increasing the grinding intensity of the old asphalt pavement material. Simultaneously, the design ensures direct contact between the old asphalt pavement material and the grinding rods across the entire longitudinal surface, applying active torque. The old asphalt pavement material also contacts the bottom surface of the multi-stage rotating separation chamber, applying passive torque through counter-clockwise rotation. This combination of active and passive torque enhances the asphalt-aggregate separation effect.

[0041] Sixth, an innovative AI-powered intelligent aggregate asphalt film control technology is proposed. This involves installing an AI-powered intelligent aggregate asphalt film controller at a suitable location at the discharge port. Utilizing a large amount of sample data, AI identification is performed, enabling remote monitoring of the operation. Specifically, a large number of tests are conducted on aggregates with a certain amount of asphalt film adhering to them from the old asphalt pavement. Images of aggregates with good initial performance are collected, summarized, and input into the AI ​​intelligent model library. This achieves the goal of intelligently identifying the quality of the asphalt film in the aggregates. Real-time monitoring is performed during the separation of old aggregates from asphalt. When poorly separated aggregates are observed, an alarm is immediately issued. Through human intervention and adjustments to the operation process, timely feedback and adjustments are made to prevent the large-scale production of inferior aggregates, thus forming a virtuous cycle mechanism.

[0042] Seventh, the innovative approach proposes setting up conveyor belts with automatic grabbing functions in the aggregate accumulation area after separation. The conveyor belts automatically grab a certain amount of aggregates of different particle sizes within a certain time interval and place them on the conveyor belts. The conveyors are then transported to the AI ​​intelligent aggregate oil film controller for identification. When the controller detects that the aggregate separation effect does not meet the requirements, it immediately issues an alarm and feeds back to the operator for real-time dynamic adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent multi-stage activated asphalt pavement old material asphalt-aggregate separation device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dendritic grinding rod;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding rod support platform;

[0046] Figure 4 A partial structural diagram of the separation chamber track setup;

[0047] The components include: 1. Old asphalt pavement material; 2. Multi-stage rotary separation chamber; 3. Dendritic grinding rods; 4. Stage I separation chamber; 5. Stage II separation chamber; 6. Stage III separation chamber; 7. Stage IV separation chamber; 8. Control valve for discharge; 9. Discharge device; 10. Grinding rod start / stop and regulator; 11. Grinding rod heating regulator; 12. Separation chamber start / stop and regulator; 13. Temperature controller; 14. Overload torque cutter; 15. Automatic material collection and conveying device; 16. AI intelligent material collection oil film controller; 17. Mixing blades; 18. File teeth; 19. Fixed base; 20. Screen holes; 21. Grinding rod spacing regulator; 22. Start / stop controller; 23. Emergency stop button; 24. Grinding rod support platform; 25. Separation chamber track; 26. Screen residue discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. Materials or equipment whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained by purchase.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in this specification means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is “connected” to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there may be an intermediate element. Furthermore, the term “connected” as used herein can include wireless connections. The term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0051] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. The terms "inner," "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or state relationship based on the orientation or state relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "equipped with" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless defined as herein.

[0054] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the intelligent multi-stage excitation asphalt pavement old material oil-stone separation device includes a fixed base 19, a grinding rod start / stop and controller 10, a grinding rod heating controller 11, and a separation chamber start / stop and controller 12.

[0055] A multi-stage rotating separation chamber 2 is installed on a fixed base 19;

[0056] The multi-stage rotating separation chamber 2 includes a coaxially arranged separation chamber I 4, separation chamber II 5, separation chamber III 6, and separation chamber IV 7 arranged from top to bottom; each of the separation chambers I 4, II 5, III 6, and IV can rotate independently.

[0057] The bottoms of the first-stage separation chamber 4, the second-stage separation chamber 5, the third-stage separation chamber 6, and the fourth-stage separation chamber 7 are all sieve plates with sieve holes 20, and the sieve hole diameters of these four separation chambers are arranged in descending order;

[0058] Each of the four separation chambers (Level I, Level II, Level II, Level III, Level III, and Level IV) is connected to a discharge device (Level IV) via a control discharge valve (Level V) at the bottom of one side.

[0059] The discharge ends of the four discharge devices 9 are located above the automatic material collection and conveying device 15;

[0060] On the side wall of the multi-stage rotary separation chamber 2, and below the IV-stage separation chamber 7, a screen residue discharge port 26 is installed.

[0061] Each of the following is equipped with a grinding rod support platform 24 in the lower part of the Class I separation chamber 4, Class II separation chamber 5, Class III separation chamber 6, and Class IV separation chamber 7;

[0062] Multiple dendritic grinding rods 3 are installed on the grinding rod support platform 24;

[0063] The grinding rod start / stop and controller 10 is connected to the dendritic grinding rod 3 and is used to control the start and stop of the dendritic grinding rod 3, as well as the rotation speed and direction of rotation of the dendritic grinding rod 3.

[0064] The dendritic grinding rod 3 has a built-in heating resistance wire; the grinding rod heating regulator 11 is connected to the dendritic grinding rod 3 and is used to turn the heating function of the dendritic grinding rod 3 on and off.

[0065] The separation chamber start / stop and controller 12 is connected to the first-level separation chamber 4, the second-level separation chamber 5, the third-level separation chamber 6, and the fourth-level separation chamber 7, respectively, and is used to control the start and stop, rotation speed, rotation direction and vibration frequency of the first-level separation chamber 4, the second-level separation chamber 5, the third-level separation chamber 6 and the fourth-level separation chamber 7;

[0066] For the four separation chambers 4 (Level I), 5 (Level II), 6 (Level III), and 7 (Level IV), the rotation direction of the four separation chambers is opposite to the rotation direction of the dendritic grinding rods 3 installed inside them.

[0067] It also includes an AI intelligent aggregate oil film controller 16 and an overload torque cutter 14. The AI ​​intelligent aggregate oil film controller 16 is used to monitor whether the material output from the automatic aggregate conveying device 15 meets the requirements of the corresponding level. If it does not meet the requirements, an alarm will be triggered.

[0068] The overload torque cut-off device 14 is connected to the grinding rod start / stop and controller 10 to monitor the torque of the dendritic grinding rod 3; when the torque of the dendritic grinding rod 3 exceeds the set value, the grinding rod rotation function is cut off.

[0069] Specifically, it also includes a grinding rod spacing regulator 21; the grinding rod spacing regulator 21 is connected to the grinding rod support platform 24, and the grinding rod spacing regulator 21 is used to regulate the row spacing and column spacing of the installation position of the tree-shaped grinding rods 3 on the grinding rod support platform 24, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating the grinding rod spacing.

[0070] Specifically, the bottoms of the first-stage separation chamber 4, the second-stage separation chamber 5, the third-stage separation chamber 6, and the fourth-stage separation chamber 7 are all sieve plates with sieve holes 20, with hole diameters of 30mm, 20mm, 10mm, and 5mm, respectively.

[0071] Specifically, it also includes a temperature controller 13, and temperature sensors are provided in the first-stage separation chamber 4, the second-stage separation chamber 5, the third-stage separation chamber 6, and the fourth-stage separation chamber 7. The temperature controller 13 is connected to the grinding rod heating regulator 11 and the temperature sensors respectively. It is used to control the heating temperature of the grinding rod heating regulator 11 according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensors, thereby controlling the temperature in the first-stage separation chamber 4, the second-stage separation chamber 5, the third-stage separation chamber 6, and the fourth-stage separation chamber 7.

[0072] Specifically, the dendritic grinding rod 3 includes a trunk and branches connected to the trunk; the branches are stirring blades 17; the surface of the stirring blades 17 is uniformly provided with filing teeth 18.

[0073] Specifically, it also includes a start / stop controller 22 and an emergency stop button 23;

[0074] The start / stop controller 22 is connected to an external power supply system and is used to control the start and stop of the intelligent multi-stage ignition asphalt pavement old material oil-stone separation device when the device is powered on.

[0075] Emergency stop button 23 is used to stop the operation of the intelligent multi-stage ignition asphalt pavement old material oil-stone separation device in an emergency, so that it is in a power-off state.

[0076] Specifically:

[0077] Asphalt pavement old material 1 is waste asphalt mixture milled off during maintenance and repair. The asphalt and aggregate are wrapped together and have an irregular shape.

[0078] The multi-stage rotating separation chamber 2 provides a space for separating asphalt and aggregate from the old asphalt pavement material 1. It is divided into different levels of separation chambers based on the sieve aperture (typically 30mm, 20mm, 10mm, and 5mm in diameter). In general highway engineering, it is divided into four different levels according to the sieve aperture size: >30mm, 20~30mm, 10~20mm, and 5~10mm. Specifically, for separation chambers I (4), II (5), III (6), and IV (7), the aggregate passing through the bottom sieve aperture of each separation chamber enters the next level of separation, while the aggregate remaining in that level of separation chamber is larger than the sieve aperture of that level but smaller than the sieve aperture of the previous level. The commonly used aggregate particle sizes in engineering are divided into four levels: >30mm, 20~30mm, 10~20mm, and 5~10mm, respectively designated as Level I, Level II, Level III, and Level IV. The present invention can adjust the rotation speed and rotation direction of the separation chamber according to actual engineering needs. The multi-stage rotating separation chamber 2 is generally a double-layer outer wall structure so that it has a heat preservation function.

[0079] The dendritic grinding rod 3, generally made of steel, possesses sufficient rigidity, strength, and wear resistance, and includes a trunk and branches connected to the trunk; the branches serve as stirring blades 17; the surface of the stirring blades 17 is evenly distributed with filing teeth 18; the longitudinal and transverse spacing between the dendritic grinding rods 3 is adjustable, and it has a heating function with an adjustable heating temperature that can maintain a constant temperature. Generally, the temperature is set below the asphalt softening point, and can be appropriately lowered according to the degree of asphalt aging, maintaining the asphalt's softening and easy separation from the aggregate, but without softening and flowing. The commonly used engineering temperature is 30~40℃. The dendritic grinding rod 3 contains a heating resistance wire, utilizing the principle of electric heating to achieve the heating function. The temperatures set in this invention are generally 40℃, 35℃, and 30℃, and should not be too high or too low. Excessively high temperatures cause asphalt softening and flowing, which is detrimental to asphalt-aggregate separation, while excessively low temperatures result in unsatisfactory asphalt softening effect and softening time. Therefore, the preferred value is 30℃~40℃. A more preferred choice is a dendritic abrasive rod 3 with a denser arrangement of branches.

[0080] The Class I separation chamber 4 provides space for the initial separation of old asphalt pavement materials and the separation of aggregates with a particle size greater than 30mm. Its bottom screen controls the particle size to 30mm, and it can rotate independently. The rotation direction and speed are adjustable. It generally has a double-layer outer wall structure and has a heat preservation function.

[0081] The Class II separation chamber 5 provides space for separating 20-30mm aggregate from old asphalt pavement materials. Its bottom screen controls the particle size to 20mm and can rotate independently. The rotation direction and speed are adjustable. It generally has a double-layer outer wall structure and has a heat preservation function.

[0082] The Class III separation chamber 6 provides space for separating 10-20mm aggregate from old asphalt pavement materials. Its bottom screen controls the particle size to 10mm and can rotate independently. The rotation direction and speed are adjustable. It generally has a double-layer outer wall structure and has a heat preservation function.

[0083] The Class IV separation chamber 7 provides space for separating 5-10mm diameter aggregates from old asphalt pavement materials. Its bottom screen controls the particle size at 5mm and can rotate independently with adjustable direction and speed. It typically has a double-layered outer wall structure and provides insulation. The undersize material from this Class IV separation chamber 7 is discharged through the residue outlet 26.

[0084] In each separation chamber, the aggregates remaining after the separation process are larger than the current sieve aperture but smaller than the previous sieve aperture. Therefore, the grading is based on the range of sieve aperture sizes, rather than a single point size.

[0085] The four separation chambers (Level I, Level II, Level III, Level III, and Level IV) are equipped with their own motors for rotation and vibration. The rotation speed, direction, and vibration frequency are controlled by the separation chamber start / stop and controller 12. The four separation chambers typically rotate in the opposite direction to the dendritic grinding rod 3 to enhance the oil-stone separation effect.

[0086] The control discharge valve 8 is used to control the discharge of aggregate from each separation chamber. During the rotation process of old material oil-stone separation, the control discharge valve 8 is closed. After the rotation separation reaches the specified time, the control discharge valve 8 is opened, so that the aggregate after oil-stone separation is discharged from the separation chamber along the discharge device 9.

[0087] The discharge device 9 provides a discharge path for the aggregate. The aggregate after oil-stone separation can be piled up in a designated location along the discharge device 9 to prevent the aggregate from piling up in a disorderly manner.

[0088] The grinding rod start / stop and controller 10 can control the start and stop of the dendritic grinding rod 3, and can adjust its speed and direction of rotation. The rotation speed of the grinding rod can be adjusted according to the actual engineering needs and the degree of aging of the old asphalt pavement material to achieve the best grinding effect.

[0089] The grinding rod heating controller 11 can independently control the heating function of the dendritic grinding rod 3 to be turned on and off, and adjust the specific heating value. Generally, the set temperature is less than the softening point of asphalt, and 30~40℃ is appropriate. The temperature value can be adjusted according to actual needs so that the asphalt can be easily peeled off from the aggregate and does not form flowing liquid.

[0090] The separator start / stop and controller 12 is used to control the start and stop of the multi-stage rotating separator 2, and can adjust the rotation speed and direction of the separator, as well as activate the vibration function of the separator. The rotation speed and vibration frequency of the separator can be adjusted according to the actual engineering requirements to achieve the best oil-stone separation effect.

[0091] Temperature controller 13 is used to control the temperature inside each separation chamber (Level I separation chamber 4, Level II separation chamber 5, Level III separation chamber 6, and Level IV separation chamber 7), ensuring that the temperature inside the separation chamber remains constant after reaching the set temperature value. The temperature inside each separation chamber can be controlled independently. Generally, during the separation operation, the Level I separation chamber is first heated to the specified temperature and maintained for a set time before the heating function in the other separation chambers is activated. This achieves an asynchronous spatial thermal activation effect, realizing the dual effect of preliminary separation and refined separation of old asphalt pavement materials.

[0092] The overload torque cutter 14 is used to control the phenomenon that the dendritic grinding rod 3 may get stuck due to the irregular block structure of the old asphalt pavement material, which may cause the large torque to be applied. The overload torque cutter 14 is set so that when the torque of the dendritic grinding rod 3 exceeds the set value, the rotation function of the dendritic grinding rod 3 is cut off to avoid damage to the grinding rod.

[0093] The automatic aggregate conveying device 15 includes a conveyor belt and a gripping device for conveying aggregates. The conveying device with automatic gripping function is set in the aggregate accumulation area after separation. It is set to automatically grab a certain amount of aggregates of different particle sizes within a certain time interval and place them on the conveyor belt. The aggregates are then transported to the position of the AI ​​intelligent aggregate oil film controller 16 for identification. When it is identified that the aggregate separation effect does not meet the requirements, an alarm is immediately issued and feedback is given to the operator for real-time dynamic adjustment.

[0094] The AI-powered intelligent aggregate oil film controller 16 is used to intelligently identify whether the separated aggregates meet the set requirements. The AI-powered intelligent aggregate oil film controller 16 includes an AI visual monitor; the AI ​​visual monitor mainly refers to an intelligent camera, a background database, and a visual screen. The intelligent camera transmits the captured images to the background database for comparison, and then displays the structure on the screen for human intervention reference. The background database contains a pre-stored AI intelligent model library; this pre-established database is used to photograph and train the program on good oil-stone separation aggregates obtained in experiments, allowing the model library to memorize the best images. Then, it compares external images with the best images in the model library, mainly identifying the adhesion area of ​​the asphalt oil film on the aggregates. When the adhesion area reaches or exceeds the specified limit (generally 50%), it is considered a good separation result, and oil-stone separation can continue. When the adhesion area falls below the specified limit, it is considered a poor separation result, and human intervention and operational adjustments are needed for timely feedback.

[0095] Specifically, an AI visualization monitor is installed at a suitable location at the discharge port. A large number of tests are conducted on aggregates with a certain amount of asphalt film adhering to them in the old asphalt pavement material. Images of aggregates with better performance in the initial tests are collected, summarized, and input into the AI ​​intelligent model library to achieve the purpose of intelligently identifying the quality of the asphalt film in the aggregates. The system monitors the process of separating the old material from the aggregates in real time. When poorly separated aggregates are found, an alarm message is immediately issued. Through human intervention and adjustment of the operation process, the system can provide timely feedback and adjust the operation process to avoid the large-scale production of inferior aggregates and form a virtuous cycle mechanism.

[0096] The mixing blade 17 is used for mixing to effectively separate aggregates and asphalt in old asphalt pavement materials. The mixing blade should not be too hard to avoid breaking and damaging the original aggregates, nor should it be too soft, as it will not be able to effectively separate the aggregates and asphalt. Generally, a columnar steel material with appropriate hardness is used. The size of the blade is adjusted according to the particle size of the aggregates in the old asphalt pavement materials. The blade spacing and angle are adjustable.

[0097] The file teeth 18 are used to knead the aggregate and asphalt in the old asphalt pavement material, so that the aggregate and asphalt are effectively separated. They have sufficient strength, hardness, toughness and wear resistance, and are generally made of high carbon steel, or corundum, or other hard materials.

[0098] The fixed base 19 is used to fix the whole device so that it does not move significantly during rotation, thus ensuring the stable operation of the whole device.

[0099] The sieve aperture 20 is set at the bottom of the multi-stage rotary separation chamber 2 and is used to screen aggregates of different particle sizes. Generally, the sieve aperture 20 is set to be round or square, with round being the main type. The size of the sieve aperture 20 is generally set to four levels: 30mm, 20mm, 10mm, and 5mm, and is set at the bottom of the separation chambers I to IV respectively.

[0100] The grinding rod spacing regulator 21 is used to adjust the longitudinal and transverse spacing between the dendritic grinding rods 3. The spacing is adjusted according to the aggregate size in the old asphalt pavement material, ensuring thorough grinding of aggregates of different sizes and achieving optimal asphalt-aggregate separation. The grinding rod spacing regulator 21 is preferably installed on the outer wall of the multi-stage rotary separation chamber 2, specifically on the outer wall of the multi-stage rotary separation chamber 2 corresponding to the position of its respective grinding rod support platform 24. For the Class I separation chamber 4, Class II separation chamber 5, Class III separation chamber 6, and Class IV separation chamber 7, each chamber has one grinding rod support platform 24, and each grinding rod support platform 24 has a grinding rod spacing regulator 21 to adjust the longitudinal and transverse spacing of the dendritic grinding rods 3 installed on it. Therefore, there are a total of four grinding rod support platforms 24, corresponding to four grinding rod spacing regulators 21.

[0101] The start / stop controller 22 is used to control the start and stop of the overall device, thereby enabling the overall device to run and stop.

[0102] The emergency stop button 23 is used to stop all functions of the device in an emergency to prevent accidents. The "stop" function on the start / stop controller 22 only stops the device's operation, but the device remains powered on; the power supply is not cut off. Pressing the emergency stop button 23, however, is equivalent to cutting off the power to the entire device, putting it into a power-off state.

[0103] The grinding rod support platform 24 has sufficient rigidity and strength to fix the grinding rods and to provide components for adjusting the spacing between the grinding rods. The grinding rod support platform 24 also has a built-in motor connected to the dendritic grinding rods 3 mounted on it, which provides rotational power to the dendritic grinding rods 3.

[0104] For Class I separation chamber 4, Class II separation chamber 5, Class III separation chamber 6, and Class IV separation chamber 7, the grinding rod support platform 24 in each separation chamber is set on the screen plate of the separation chamber, with a reasonable distance of ≥30mm between it and the screen plate to facilitate material unloading.

[0105] The separation chamber track 25 possesses sufficient rigidity and strength to provide a rotation track for the rotation of each separation chamber. The multi-stage rotating separation chamber 2 has multiple built-in separation chamber tracks 25. Separation chambers I (4), II (5), III (6), and IV (7) rotate on their respective separation chamber tracks 25 via their own motors. In other words, each separation chamber is connected to one separation chamber track 25 and can move relative to it, thus achieving rotation.

[0106] Screen residue outlet 26 is used to discharge the screen residue from the IV separation chamber 7 and separate it to a designated location.

[0107] The method of using the device of the present invention is as follows:

[0108] The asphalt pavement old material fine oil-aggregate separation device is firmly fixed in the designated position by the fixed base 19, ensuring the stability of the device during operation. The screen apertures 20 of each level are generally set according to the specifications commonly used in highway engineering, namely 30mm, 20mm, 10mm, and 5mm. When performing fine oil-aggregate separation of asphalt pavement old material 1, the longitudinal and transverse spacing of the dendritic grinding rods 3 in each separation chamber is first adjusted according to the engineering requirements using the grinding rod spacing controller 21. Then, the asphalt pavement old material 1 is put into the first-stage separation chamber 4 of the multi-stage rotating separation chamber 2, and the discharge valve 8 is kept in the closed state. The start / stop controller 22 is turned on to put the whole device into the power-on preparation state. The grinding rod heating controller 11 is turned on, the appropriate heating temperature is set, and the temperature controller 13 is turned on to heat only the dendritic grinding rods 3 in the first-stage separation chamber 4, and the temperature is controlled at the set threshold. The device is then left to stand for a certain period of time. During this stage, the old asphalt pavement material 1 gradually begins to split under the thermal activation conditions at a certain temperature in the Class I separation chamber 4. The asphalt in the old asphalt pavement material 1 begins to soften, but does not reach the softening point and flow. This stage is called the static thermal activation state. After a certain period of time, the old asphalt pavement material 1 undergoes preliminary splitting, forming old material that is easy to separate.

[0109] Then, turn on the grinding rod start / stop and controller 10, and adjust the speed and direction of rotation of the dendritic grinding rod 3 according to actual needs. Generally, the dendritic grinding rod 3 is set to rotate clockwise. At the same time, turn on the dendritic grinding rods 3 in the first-stage separation chamber 4, second-stage separation chamber 5, third-stage separation chamber 6, and fourth-stage separation chamber 7, so that they start rotating and grinding at the set speed and direction. At this time, the rotation of the grinding rod drives the stirring blades 17 to start stirring, shearing, and grinding the aggregate and asphalt mixture in the old material. Under the action of the filing teeth 18 on the stirring blades 17, the grinding effect on the old material is enhanced to achieve the best oil-stone separation effect. Adjust the temperature controller 13 so that the grinding rods in each separation chamber start to intensify according to the set temperature and can be maintained in a set constant temperature state. Turn on the separation chamber start / stop and controller 12, and set the speed and direction of rotation of the multi-stage rotating separation chamber 2 according to the project requirements. Generally, each separation chamber is set to rotate counterclockwise, running in the opposite direction to the grinding rod, to enhance the oil-stone separation effect. This stage is called the dynamic thermal activation state. Under the dual counter-rotating force of the grinding rod and the separation chamber, as well as the thermal activation assistance of each separation chamber, the old asphalt pavement material 1 undergoes a fine separation process, achieving the effect of separating aggregate and asphalt.

[0110] When the rotational separation time reaches the set value, the control discharge valve 8 is opened, allowing the separated aggregate to reach the designated position for orderly stacking along the discharge device 9. Automatic aggregate conveying devices 15 with automatic gripping function are set at the stacking points of aggregates of different particle sizes. At certain time intervals, the separated aggregates are conveyed to the AI ​​intelligent aggregate oil film controller 16 for intelligent identification. If the separation effect is not good, an alarm is issued in time, and feedback is given to the operator for dynamic adjustment.

[0111] During the asphalt pavement old material 1's asphalt-aggregate separation process, if the grinding rod experiences overload torque, the overload torque cut-off device 14 will automatically activate, stopping the grinding rod's operation. In case of emergency, pressing the emergency stop button 23 will stop all functions of the device, preventing accidents.

[0112] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for separating asphalt pavement old material oil and stone in intelligent multi-stage excitation, characterized in that, It comprises a fixed base (19), a grinding rod start-stop and control device (10), a grinding rod heating control device (11) and a separate bin start-stop and control device (12); A multi-stage rotating separation bin (2) is installed on the fixed base (19); The multi-stage rotating separation bin (2) comprises coaxially arranged from top to bottom a first-stage separation bin (4), a second-stage separation bin (5), a third-stage separation bin (6) and a fourth-stage separation bin (7); the first-stage separation bin (4), the second-stage separation bin (5), the third-stage separation bin (6) and the fourth-stage separation bin (7) can rotate independently; The bottoms of the first-stage separation bin (4), the second-stage separation bin (5), the third-stage separation bin (6) and the fourth-stage separation bin (7) are all sieve plates with sieve holes (20), and the diameters of the sieve holes of the four separation bins are arranged in descending order; The lower part of each of the first-stage separation bin (4), the second-stage separation bin (5), the third-stage separation bin (6) and the fourth-stage separation bin (7) is connected to an outfeed device (9) through a control outfeed valve (8); The outfeed ends of the four outfeed devices (9) are arranged above an automatic aggregate conveying device (15); A sieve residue outfeed port (26) is installed on the sidewall of the multi-stage rotating separation bin (2) and below the fourth-stage separation bin (7); A grinding rod bearing platform (24) is installed in each of the first-stage separation bin (4), the second-stage separation bin (5), the third-stage separation bin (6) and the fourth-stage separation bin (7); A plurality of dendritic grinding rods (3) are installed on the grinding rod bearing platform (24); The grinding rod start-stop and control device (10) is connected to the dendritic grinding rods (3) to control the start and stop of the dendritic grinding rods (3) and control the rotating speed and direction of the dendritic grinding rods (3); The dendritic grinding rods (3) are internally provided with heating resistance wires; the grinding rod heating control device (11) is connected to the dendritic grinding rods (3) to turn on and off the heating function of the dendritic grinding rods (3); The separation bin start-stop and control device (12) is connected to the first-stage separation bin (4), the second-stage separation bin (5), the third-stage separation bin (6) and the fourth-stage separation bin (7) to control the start and stop, rotating speed, rotating direction and vibration frequency of the first-stage separation bin (4), the second-stage separation bin (5), the third-stage separation bin (6) and the fourth-stage separation bin (7); For the first-stage separation bin (4), the second-stage separation bin (5), the third-stage separation bin (6) and the fourth-stage separation bin (7), the rotating directions of the four separation bins are opposite to the rotating directions of the dendritic grinding rods (3) arranged therein; The AI intelligent aggregate oil film controller (16) is used to monitor whether the outfeed on the automatic aggregate conveying device (15) meets the requirements of the corresponding level, and if not, an alarm is given; The overload torsion cut-off device (14) is connected to the grinding rod start-stop and control device (10) to monitor the torsion of the dendritic grinding rods (3); When the torsion of the dendritic grinding rods (3) exceeds a set value, the rotating function of the grinding rods is cut off; Also include the grinding rod spacing regulator (21); grinding rod spacing regulator (21) is connected with the grinding rod carrying platform (24), the grinding rod spacing regulator (21) is used for regulating the row spacing and column spacing of the installation position of the dendritic grinding rod (3) of the grinding rod carrying platform (24), so as to achieve the purpose of regulating the grinding rod spacing; Also include temperature controller (13), while the first separation bin (4), the second separation bin (5), the third separation bin (6), the fourth separation bin (7) are provided with temperature sensor; temperature controller (13) is connected with grinding rod heating controller (11), temperature sensor; for the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, control the heating temperature of the grinding rod heating controller (11), so as to control the temperature in the first separation bin (4), the second separation bin (5), the third separation bin (6), the fourth separation bin (7).

2. The intelligent multi-stage activated asphalt pavement old material oil stone separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the first separation bin (4), the second separation bin (5), the third separation bin (6), the fourth separation bin (7) is the screen plate aperture with sieve hole (20), and the screen plate aperture is 30mm, 20mm, 10mm and 5mm respectively.

3. The intelligent multi-stage activated asphalt pavement old material oil stone separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dendritic grinding rod (3) comprises a trunk and branches connected with the trunk; the branches are stirring blades (17); the surface of the stirring blades (17) is uniformly provided with files (18).

4. The intelligent multi-stage activated asphalt pavement old material oil stone separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also include start-stop controller (22) and emergency stop button (23); The start-stop controller (22) is connected with the external power supply system, and is used for controlling the start and stop of the intelligent multi-stage asphalt pavement old material oil stone separation device under the condition that the intelligent multi-stage asphalt pavement old material oil stone separation device is powered on. The emergency stop button (23) is used for stopping the operation of the intelligent multi-stage asphalt pavement old material oil stone separation device in an emergency, so that the intelligent multi-stage asphalt pavement old material oil stone separation device is in a power-off state.

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