Coaxial fuse laser additive device and method based on light spot shape control

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of laser additive technology, and discloses a coaxial wire laser additive device and method based on light spot shape control. The device comprises a light splitting mechanism, a light spot shaping mechanism, a light beam focusing mechanism and other components. The light splitting mechanism is used for splitting a single laser beam into three beams to promote the uniformity of light spot brightness. The light spot shaping mechanism is internally provided with a support table, and a driving motor is arranged on the upper part of the support table to drive the high-speed rotation of a rotatable mirror. During additive operation, the laser beam is shot into a three-group light spot forming mirror wall through the rotatable mirror after light splitting, and different light spot forming is realized by the reflection constraint of the mirror wall. All mirror groups, motors and support parts in the application are provided with a hollow structure, the hollow area is used for the penetration of a welding wire, and the light-wire coaxiality is realized. In the application, the three-group light spot forming mirror wall is used for realizing the control of the light spot shape, the setting of the hollow area can ensure that the welding wire does not block the laser beam, and finally the light spot adjustable coaxial wire additive technology is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser additive technology, and discloses a coaxial fused filament laser additive device and method based on spot shape control. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coaxial laser additive manufacturing is an additive manufacturing technology that melts metal powder with a laser and precisely deposits it through a protective gas nozzle. Its main advantages are that it can achieve high-precision, high-efficiency three-dimensional printing process, and is suitable for the manufacturing of complex shapes and high-performance parts. Through coaxial design, the laser beam and protective gas act together in the same axial direction, protecting the molten pool from oxidation and optimizing the deposition process of the material, improving the mechanical properties and surface quality of the parts. At the same time, the laser can precisely control the heat input, reducing the heat-affected zone, thereby reducing the internal stress and deformation risk of the material, and is particularly suitable for the manufacturing of high-performance alloys and precision structural parts. This technology also has high material utilization and low waste, can precisely deposit the required materials, reducing material consumption and cost. Due to its strong adaptability, it can be widely used in aerospace, medical, automotive and other fields, and has significant advantages in manufacturing complex geometric shapes, heterogeneous material combinations and customized production. In summary, coaxial laser additive manufacturing not only provides a high-quality, high-efficiency manufacturing solution, but also promotes the individualization and small-batch production of high-performance parts, becoming an important development direction in the field of additive manufacturing.

[0003] On the other hand, the change of laser spot shape is of great significance for laser additive and other laser processing applications. By adjusting the spot shape, heat input can be controlled, additive efficiency can be improved, deformation can be reduced, and the microstructure of the additive part can be improved, and even different materials and structures can be adapted to the additive needs. This makes laser processing more flexible, and different shapes and sizes of spots can be selected according to actual needs to meet the high requirements of precision, efficiency and quality in modern industry. However, due to the limitations of the optical path principle, the current commonly used laser additive spot is mostly ring-shaped, and it is difficult to integrate multiple shapes of laser spots into the same laser head. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a coaxial fuse laser additive device and method based on light spot control shape. The device comprises a light splitting mechanism, a light spot shaping mechanism, a light beam focusing mechanism and other components. The light splitting mechanism has the function of splitting the light beam into three parts. The light spot shaping mechanism has a support table. The upper part of the support table is provided with a driving motor. The driving motor drives the rotatable mirror to rotate at high speed. The laser beam can be reflected to the three groups of light spot shaping mirror walls. The light spot shaping mirror wall group includes ring, triangle and square three kinds of mirror surfaces. The mirror wall group moves up and down vertically through the nut adjustment of the moving mechanism. Through the matching relationship between the mirror wall and the laser beam, the operator controls the laser beam to enter different mirror walls to realize different light spot control shapes. The light beam focusing mechanism converges the shaped laser beam to realize additive operation. The center area of the present application is hollow. The hollow area is used for the penetration of the welding wire to realize the coaxial fuse.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A coaxial fuse laser additive device and method based on light spot control shape, characterized by comprising a light splitting mechanism, a light spot shaping mechanism, a light beam focusing mechanism, a protective gas delivery mechanism and a welding wire delivery mechanism.

[0007] Further, the light splitting mechanism comprises a collimating lens, a light splitting mirror group, a conductive head, a conductive groove and other components. The light splitting mechanism comprises a light splitting prism, a mirror, a connecting groove, a welding wire groove and other components.

[0008] Further, the light spot shaping mechanism comprises a moving mechanism, a ring mirror wall, a triangular mirror wall, a square mirror wall, a fixed wire feeding shaft, a rotatable mirror, a driving motor, a support table and a plane mirror (29).

[0009] Further, the light beam focusing mechanism (3) comprises a focusing mirror (31) and a plane mirror (32).

[0010] Further, the light splitting prism is fixed in the center of the support plate. The high-energy laser beam can be split into three beams with uniform energy and an included angle of 120° and horizontally shot into the mirror. The mirror is fixed in the groove of the support plate. The reflection angle is fixed. The hollow part of the groove can reflect the laser beam to the rotatable mirror. The connecting groove is connected with the wall of the laser head. There is a scale on the outer surface of the moving groove to fix the position of the connecting groove and ensure that the three connecting grooves are in the same plane without tilting. The welding wire groove is used to fill the welding wire. The conductive head is connected with the power supply. The upper part is wound with a wire. The conductive groove is used to embed the wire to realize the electrification of the driving motor.

[0011] Further, the driving motor speed is 200r / s, the rotatable mirror surface is a non-uniform mirror group, which can change the direction of the laser beam during rotation. It is fixedly connected with the driving motor, and can realize synchronous high-speed rotation, and uniformly reflects the three laser beams to the spot forming mirror wall group.

[0012] Further, the spot forming mirror wall group includes the annular mirror wall, the triangular mirror wall and the square mirror wall, and the inside of the mirror wall group is a mirror, which can reflect light to the plane mirror as much as possible without loss. Due to the different shapes of the mirror wall group, the shaping function of the laser beam can be realized.

[0013] Further, the three groups of mirror walls are fixedly connected and cannot move relative to each other, and the annular mirror wall is movably connected with the moving mechanism, so that the up-down translation of the mirror wall group can be realized by adjusting the tightness of the nut and the up-down movement, so that the coaxial laser beam can enter different mirror walls, and finally the shape of the light spot is controlled. At the same time, there is a scale on the outer surface of the moving mechanism, which can ensure that the mirror wall group always remains horizontal and does not tilt.

[0014] Further, the outer shaft wall of the fixed wire feeding shaft is fixedly connected with the support table, and the hollow part inside is used as a wire guide shaft, which has a diameter slightly larger than that of the welding wire, so that the welding wire can be coaxially fed to the laser focal point. The rotatable mirror is fixed with the driving motor, which can rotate at high speed under the driving of the driving motor; the rotatable mirror surface is smooth and bright, which can reduce the loss of laser energy as much as possible. The inner diameter of the rotatable mirror is hollow, which is used as a guide shaft pipeline, and the diameter of the guide shaft pipeline is slightly larger than that of the fixed wire feeding shaft, and the annular hollow area is used as an annular conductive groove for the placement of the power supply wire, which can ensure that the wire does not block the laser, and can avoid the winding of the wire due to the high-speed rotation of the rotatable mirror.

[0015] Further, the protective gas conveying mechanism (4) is externally connected with a protective gas cylinder, which can realize an oxygen-free environment during the additive process.

[0016] Further, the welding wire conveying mechanism is located in the center area of the whole device, and the center positions of each part of the device are hollowed out for coaxial conveying of the welding wire. At the same time, since the welding wire penetrates from the center position, it can ensure that the introduction of the welding wire will not block the laser beam, thereby affecting the formation of the light spot.

[0017] Further, the laser preset convergence focal point is located 10-50mm below the bottom of the laser head. The preset convergence focal point can realize the matching relationship between light and wire.

[0018] Further, a coaxial wire melting laser additive method based on light spot shape control, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step one: the fiber laser emits coaxial cryogenic light, which is used to replace the coaxial high-energy laser beam in the actual additive process. Turn on the drive motor to rotate the reflected cryogenic light and finally form the initial spot. According to the requirements of the actual additive spot, the operator can adjust the nut of the moving mechanism to vertically translate the mirror wall group up and down, and select the alignment of the annular mirror wall, the triangular mirror wall and the square mirror wall to obtain the spot shape and size that meet the additive requirements.

[0020] Step two, open the protective gas cylinder valve, and make the protective gas pass through the protective gas delivery mechanism to the surface of the additive area to ensure that there is no oxygen in the whole additive process.

[0021] Step three, adjust the fiber laser to stop emitting cryogenic light and emit coaxial high-energy laser beam instead. After the coaxial laser beam is split by the beam-splitting prism, it is reflected to the rotatable mirror by the reflecting mirror. The drive motor drives the rotatable mirror to rotate at high speed, and the laser beam is reflected to the surrounding spot forming mirror wall group with the rotatable mirror as the center. Finally, the coaxial beam is focused on the preset focal point after shaping through the focusing mirror and the plane mirror.

[0022] Step four, the wire feeding mechanism synchronously fills the additive material to the additive area to complete the additive work.

[0023] The application has the following advantages and benefits:

[0024] The application provides a coaxial wire laser additive device and method based on spot shape control, which comprises a beam-splitting mechanism, a spot shaping mechanism, a beam focusing mechanism, a protective gas delivery mechanism, a wire feeding mechanism and the like. The beam-splitting mechanism is used to split a single laser beam into three beams to promote the uniformity of spot brightness. The spot shaping mechanism is internally provided with a support table, and a drive motor is arranged on the upper part of the support table to drive the rotatable mirror to rotate at high speed. During the additive work, the laser beam is injected into three groups of spot forming mirror walls through the rotatable mirror after being split, and different spot shapes are realized by the reflection constraint of the mirror walls. The mirror wall group is connected with the moving mechanism, and the matching between the wall group with different spot shapes and the laser beam is realized by the up-and-down translation of the nut. On the other hand, all the mirror groups, motors and support parts in the application are hollow, and the hollow area is used for the wire to pass through to realize the light-wire coaxiality. In the application, the three groups of spot forming mirror walls are used to control the spot shape, and the setting of the hollow area can ensure that the wire does not block the laser beam, and finally realize the coaxial wire additive technology with adjustable spot. Based on the light path principle of the rotating laser, the vertical up-and-down translation of the mirror wall group is used to control the spot shape, and the application has a wide application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1It is a cross-sectional view of a coaxial fuse laser additive device based on beam shaping.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of a light splitting mechanism.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view and a sectional view of three groups of spot forming mirror walls.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view and a sectional view of a fixed wire feeding shaft and a rotatable mirror.

[0029] Figure 5 It is an additive process schematic view of a coaxial fuse laser additive device based on beam shaping.

[0030] 1- Light splitting mechanism: 11 collimating lens; 12 light splitting mirror group; 121 light splitting triangular prism; 122 mirror; 123 connecting groove; 124 welding wire groove; 13 conducting head; 14 conducting groove

[0031] 2- Spot shaping mechanism: 21 moving mechanism; 22 ring mirror wall; 23 triangular mirror wall; 24 square mirror wall; 25 fixed wire feeding shaft; 251 wire feeding shaft; 252 external shaft wall; 26 rotatable mirror; 261 rotatable mirror surface; 262 guide shaft pipe; 263 ring conducting groove; 27 driving motor; 28 support table; 29 plane mirror

[0032] 3- Beam focusing mechanism: 31 focusing mirror; 32 plane mirror

[0033] 4- Protective gas delivery mechanism

[0034] 5- Welding wire delivery mechanism DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific implementation cases described herein are only used to explain the application, and not to limit the application. In addition, it should be noted that, in order to facilitate description, only the parts related to the application are shown in the drawings, not all structures.

[0036] In the description of the application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "over" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher in horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "under" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is lower in horizontal height than the second feature.

[0038] In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", "left", etc. orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used to distinguish in the description, and have no special meaning.

[0039] The present application is further illustrated by several specific embodiments. The present example is in the experiment of additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy, by the above-mentioned coaxial laser melting wire additive device and method based on spot shape control, to realize the control of spot shape.

[0040] As shown in Figure 1 , a coaxial laser melting wire additive device based on spot shape control includes five main systems of light splitting mechanism 1, spot shaping mechanism 2, beam focusing mechanism 3, protective gas delivery mechanism 4, and welding wire delivery mechanism 5.

[0041] Preferably, the light splitting mechanism 1 includes a collimating lens 11, a light splitting mirror group 12, a conductive head 13, a conductive groove 14, and the like.

[0042] Preferably, the spot shaping mechanism 2 includes a moving mechanism 21, a ring mirror wall 22, a triangular mirror wall 23, a square mirror wall 24, a fixed wire feeding shaft 25, a rotatable mirror 26, a driving motor 27, a support table 28, a plane mirror 29, and the like.

[0043] Preferably, the beam focusing mechanism 3 includes a focusing mirror 31, a plane mirror 32, and the like.

[0044] Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 , the light splitting mechanism 12 includes a light splitting triangular prism 121, a mirror 122, a connecting groove 123, a welding wire groove 124, and the like.

[0045] Preferably, the spectroscopic prism 121 is fixed in the center of the support plate, and can divide the high-energy laser beam into three beams with uniform energy and an included angle of 120°, and horizontally into the mirror 122. The mirror 122 is fixed in the groove of the support plate, and the reflection angle is fixed. The laser beam can be reflected into the rotatable mirror 26 through the hollow part of the groove. The connecting groove 123 is connected with the wall of the laser head, and the outer surface of the moving groove has a scale, which facilitates the fixation of the position of the connecting groove 123, and ensures that the three connecting grooves 123 are in the same plane without tilting. The welding wire groove 124 is used to realize the filling of the welding wire. The conductive head 13 is connected with a power supply, and the upper part is wound with a wire. The conductive groove 14 is used for the built-in wire, and realizes the energization of the driving motor 27.

[0046] Preferably, the driving motor 27 has a rotating speed of 200r / s, and the surface of the rotatable mirror 26 is a non-uniform mirror group, which can change the direction of the laser beam during rotation. It is fixedly connected with the driving motor 27, and can realize synchronous high-speed rotation, and uniformly reflect the three laser beams to the mirror wall group.

[0047] Preferably, the mirror wall group includes the annular mirror wall 22, the triangular mirror wall 23 and the square mirror wall 24. The inside of the mirror wall group is a mirror, which can reflect light to the plane mirror 29 as much as possible without loss. Because the shapes of the mirror wall groups are different, the shaping function of the laser beam can be realized.

[0048] Preferably, the three groups of mirror walls are fixedly connected and cannot move relative to each other. Meanwhile, the annular mirror wall 22 is actively connected with the moving mechanism 21, and can realize the up-down translation of the mirror wall group through the tightness and up-down movement of the nut, so that the coaxial laser beam can enter different mirror walls, and finally complete the regulation of the spot shape. Meanwhile, the outer surface of the moving mechanism 21 has a scale, which can ensure that the mirror wall group always remains horizontal without tilting.

[0049] Preferably, the outer shaft wall 252 of the fixed wire feeding shaft 25 is fixedly connected with the support table, and the inner hollow part serves as a wire guide shaft 251, which has a diameter slightly larger than that of the welding wire, and can coaxially feed the welding wire to the laser focal point. The rotatable mirror 26 is fixed with the driving motor 27, and can rotate at high speed under the driving of the driving motor 27. The rotatable mirror surface 261 is smooth and bright, which can reduce the loss of laser energy as much as possible. The inner diameter of the rotatable mirror 26 is hollow, serving as a guide shaft pipeline 262, which has a diameter slightly larger than that of the fixed wire feeding shaft 25. The annular hollow area is an annular conductive groove 263, which can be used for the placement of the energized wire, which can ensure that the wire does not block the laser, and can avoid the winding of the wire due to the high-speed rotation of the rotatable mirror 26.

[0050] Preferably, the shielding gas delivery mechanism 4 is outside the shielding gas cylinder, which can achieve an oxygen-free environment during the additive process.

[0051] Preferably, the welding wire delivery mechanism 5 is located in the center of the device, and the center of each part of the device is hollowed out to achieve coaxial delivery of the welding wire. At the same time, since the welding wire penetrates from the center, it can ensure that the introduction of the welding wire does not block the laser beam, thereby affecting the formation of the light spot.

[0052] Preferably, the laser preset focus point is located 10-50 mm below the bottom of the laser head. The preset focus point can achieve the matching relationship between the light and the wire.

[0053] Preferably, a coaxial wire melting laser additive method based on light spot control shaping includes the following steps:

[0054] Step one: the fiber laser emits coaxial low-temperature cold light to replace the coaxial high-energy laser beam in the actual additive process. Turn on the drive motor 27 to rotate and reflect the low-temperature cold light and finally form an initial light spot. According to the requirements of the actual additive light spot, the operator can select the annular mirror wall 22, the triangular mirror wall 23, and the square mirror wall 24 to align to obtain the light spot shape and size that meet the additive requirements by adjusting the nut of the moving mechanism 21 to vertically translate the mirror wall group.

[0055] Step two, open the shielding gas cylinder valve to deliver shielding gas to the surface of the additive area through the shielding gas delivery mechanism 4 to ensure an oxygen-free additive process.

[0056] Step three, adjust the fiber laser to stop emitting low-temperature cold light and instead emit a coaxial high-energy laser beam. After the coaxial laser beam is split by the beam-splitting prism 121, it is reflected to the rotatable mirror 26, and the drive motor 27 drives the rotatable mirror 26 to rotate at high speed, constantly reflecting the laser beam with itself as the center to the surrounding light spot shaping mirror wall group. Finally, the coaxial beam is shaped and transmitted through the focusing mirror 31 and the plane mirror 32 to the preset focus point.

[0057] Step four, the welding wire delivery mechanism 5 synchronously fills the additive material to the additive area to complete the additive work.

[0058] Preferably, as Figure 5As shown, through the above steps and methods, the application realizes the integration of ring, triangular and square light spots, and can select corresponding light spots according to different additive process requirements in the actual additive process. It is worth mentioning that the application is not limited to the three light spots. For the needs of other light spot shapes, the application can install mirror wall groups of different shapes in the laser head to realize the selection of different light spots.

[0059] Obviously, the above embodiments of the application are only examples for the purpose of clear illustration, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the application. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of the application. It is unnecessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement within the spirit and principle of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A coaxial fusing laser additive device based on spot shape control, characterized in that, It comprises five systems, i.e., a light splitting mechanism (1), a light spot shaping mechanism (2), a light beam focusing mechanism (3), a protective gas delivery mechanism (4), and a welding wire delivery mechanism (5); The light splitting mechanism (1) comprises a collimating lens (11), a light splitting lens group (12), a conductive head (13), and a conductive groove (14), wherein the light splitting lens group (12) comprises a light splitting triangular prism (121), a reflecting mirror (122), a connecting groove (123), and a welding wire groove (124); The light spot shaping mechanism (2) comprises a moving mechanism (21), a light spot shaping mirror wall group, a fixed wire feeding shaft (25), a rotatable reflecting mirror (26), a driving motor (27), a support table (28), and a plane mirror (29); the light spot shaping mirror wall group is composed of a ring-shaped mirror wall (22), a triangular mirror wall (23), and a square mirror wall (24); the three groups of mirror walls are fixedly connected and cannot move relative to each other; meanwhile, the ring-shaped mirror wall (22) is actively connected to the moving mechanism (21), and the up-and-down movement of the ring-shaped mirror wall (22) can realize the up-and-down translation of the light spot shaping mirror wall group through the tightness of the nut, so that the coaxial laser beam can enter different mirror walls to finally complete the regulation and control of the light spot shape; meanwhile, the outer surface of the moving mechanism (21) is provided with a scale to ensure that the mirror wall group always remains horizontal and does not tilt; The fixed wire feeding shaft (25) is fixedly connected to the support table (28) through the outer shaft wall (252), and the inner hollow part serves as a wire guide shaft (251) with a diameter slightly larger than that of the welding wire, so that the welding wire can be coaxially fed to the laser focal point; The inner hollow part of the rotatable reflecting mirror (26) serves as a guide shaft pipeline (262) with a diameter slightly larger than that of the fixed wire feeding shaft (25), and the annular hollow area serves as an annular conductive groove (263) for the placement of the power line, which can ensure that the power line does not block the laser and can avoid the winding of the power line due to the high-speed rotation of the rotatable reflecting mirror (26); The light beam focusing mechanism (3) comprises a focusing mirror (31) and a plane mirror (32); The welding wire delivery mechanism (5) is located at the center of the entire device, and the center positions of the components in the device center area are hollowed out to realize the coaxial delivery of the welding wire.

2. A coaxial fuse laser additive device based on spot shape control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light splitting prism (121) is fixed in the center of the support plate, can divide the high-energy laser beam into three beams with uniform energy and an included angle of 120°, and horizontally irradiate into the reflecting mirror (122) fixed in the groove of the support plate. The reflecting angle is fixed, and the laser beam can be reflected to the rotatable reflecting mirror (26) through the hollow part of the groove. The connecting groove (123) is connected with the outer wall of the device. There is a scale on the outer surface of the moving groove on the outer wall of the device, which is convenient for fixing the position of the connecting groove (123) and ensures that the three connecting grooves (123) are in the same plane without inclination. The welding wire groove (124) is used to fill the welding wire. The conductive head (13) is connected with the power supply, and the upper part is wound with a wire. The conductive groove (14) is used for built-in wire to realize the power supply of the driving motor (27).

3. The coaxial fuse laser additive device based on light spot shape control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating speed of the driving motor (27) is 200r / s, the surface of the rotatable reflecting mirror (26) is a non-uniform mirror group, which can change the direction of the laser beam during rotation, and is fixedly connected with the driving motor (27), so that synchronous high-speed rotation can be realized, and three laser beams can be uniformly reflected to the spot forming mirror wall group.

4. The coaxial fuse laser additive device based on spot shape control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection gas conveying mechanism (4) is connected with the protection gas cylinder, which can realize the oxygen-free environment in the additive process.

5. The coaxial fuse laser additive device based on spot shape control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset focusing point of the laser is located at 10-50mm below the bottom of the device, and the preset focusing point can realize the matching relationship between the light and the wire.

6. The laser additive method of claim 4, wherein, Specifically includes the following steps: Step one: the fiber laser emits coaxial low-temperature cold light, which is used to replace the coaxial high-energy laser beam in the actual additive process. The driving motor (27) is turned on, the low-temperature cold light is rotated and reflected, and finally the initial spot is formed. According to the demand of the actual additive spot, the operator adjusts the nut of the moving mechanism (21) to vertically translate the mirror wall group, selects one of the annular mirror wall (22), the triangular mirror wall (23) and the square mirror wall (24) to align to obtain the spot shape and size meeting the additive demand; Step two, open the protection gas cylinder valve, make the protection gas pass through the protection gas conveying mechanism (4) to the surface of the additive area, and ensure the oxygen-free in the whole additive process; Step three, adjust the fiber laser, stop emitting low-temperature cold light and emit coaxial high-energy laser beam instead. After the coaxial high-energy laser beam is split by the light splitting prism (121), it is reflected to the rotatable reflecting mirror (26) through the reflecting mirror (122). The driving motor (27) drives the rotatable reflecting mirror (26) to rotate at high speed, and the laser beam is reflected to the surrounding spot forming mirror wall group with the rotatable reflecting mirror (26) as the center. Finally, the coaxial high-energy laser beam is shaped and then converges at the preset focus point through the focusing mirror (31) and the plane mirror (32); Step four, the welding wire conveying mechanism (5) synchronously fills the additive material to the additive area to complete the additive work.

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