An additive manufacturing device for implementing functional gradient material mixing and recycling

Abstract

The application relates to an additive manufacturing device for realizing functionally gradient material mixing and recycling, belonging to the technical field of additive manufacturing, which is provided with a powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device in a forming chamber, a material forming device in the forming chamber, and a powder recycling device on the lower side of the forming chamber; a forming table is fixed on the lower side of the forming chamber, a forming pool is arranged on the forming table, a powder containing pool is arranged on the forming table, the powder containing pool is communicated with the powder recycling device; a powder pushing device is arranged on the forming table; a lifting plate is arranged in the forming pool; the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device is used for uniformly mixing powder and then feeding the powder onto the forming table; a control center is arranged on the forming chamber and is used for controlling the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device, the material forming device and the powder recycling device to work. The powder recycling device can separate and recycle materials with different densities, so that the powder recycling rate is improved, and the environmental protection effect of powder utilization is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and in particular to an additive manufacturing device for achieving powder mixing and recycling of functional gradient materials. Background Art

[0002] Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are composite materials whose composition and structure gradually change; compared to traditional materials, they can be precisely designed to achieve multiple functions, reduce residual stress and cracks, and improve overall performance.

[0003] Laser additive manufacturing, also known as laser 3D printing, builds parts by stacking materials layer by layer. Combining materials science, machining, and laser technology, it can rapidly produce parts with complex shapes and is widely used in aerospace, nuclear power, petrochemical, and other fields. For functionally graded materials (FGMs), the powder mixing ratios in different regions require different processing parameters, making uniform powder mixing crucial. This can lead to structural defects within parts, reduced mechanical properties, increased residual stress, and other adverse consequences. Therefore, a heterogeneous powder separation device is needed to separate FGMs, improve powder recovery, and increase the environmental friendliness of powder utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an additive manufacturing device that can achieve powder mixing and recycling of functional gradient materials, so as to solve the technical problems of "powder recycling and powder mixing".

[0005] The present application provides an additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling, which adopts the following technical solution: an additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling, comprising a forming chamber, wherein a powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device is installed in the forming chamber, a material forming device is installed in the forming chamber, and a powder recovery device is installed on the lower side of the forming chamber; the lower side of the forming chamber is fixed to a forming table, a forming pool is provided on the forming table, a powder holding pool is provided on the forming table, and the powder holding pool is connected to the powder recovery device; a powder pushing device is installed on the forming table, and the powder pushing device is used to push the powder into the forming pool and the powder holding pool; a lifting plate is installed in the forming pool; the material forming device is used to melt the powder so that the powder forms a mold in the forming pool; the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device is used to mix the powder evenly and then put it onto the forming table; a control center is installed on the forming chamber, and the control center is used to control the operation of the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device, the material forming device and the powder recovery device.

[0006] Optionally, the powder recovery device includes a powder separation chamber, a powder recovery pipe is installed on the powder separation chamber, the powder recovery pipe is connected to the powder holding pool, an air blowing pipe is installed at the lower end of the powder separation chamber, the air blowing pipe is connected to a blower at one end away from the powder separation chamber, the blower is used to stratify powders of different densities in the powder separation chamber, a plurality of powder recovery chambers are installed on the powder separation chamber, an air outlet is provided at one end of the powder recovery chamber away from the powder separation chamber, the powder recovery chamber is connected to the powder separation chamber through a powder connecting pipe; a powder conveying assembly is installed on the powder recovery pipe; and a discharge pipe is installed on the lower side of the powder recovery chamber.

[0007] Optionally, a top exhaust pipe is installed at the top of the powder separation chamber, and an air flow control valve is installed on the top exhaust pipe and the air outlet, and the air flow control valve is electrically connected to the control center.

[0008] Optionally, a powder testing assembly is installed on the powder recovery tube, and the powder testing assembly includes a powder testing chamber, and a powder testing tube is installed on the powder testing chamber, and the powder testing tube connects the powder testing chamber with the powder recovery tube; a powder conveying assembly is installed on the powder testing tube; the powder conveying assembly is used to convey the powder in the powder testing chamber to the powder separation chamber; an instantaneous vibration applying device is provided under the powder separation chamber; the powder separation chamber is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control center; the powder recovery device also includes a pulse modulator, and the pulse modulator is used to adjust the pulse of the blower.

[0009] Optionally, the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device includes a powder proportioning chamber, a plurality of powder proportioning conveying pipes are installed on the powder proportioning chamber, a powder storage bin is fixed to the end of the powder proportioning conveying pipe away from the powder proportioning chamber, a powder conveying assembly is installed on the powder proportioning conveying pipe, a high-voltage electrostatic chamber is installed on the powder proportioning conveying pipe, and the high-voltage electrostatic chamber is used to charge the powder; a powder discharge port is installed at the lower end of the powder proportioning chamber, a charge elimination plate is provided directly below the powder discharge port, and the charge elimination plate is grounded; the high-voltage electrostatic chamber is electrically connected to the control center; a spiral plate is installed in the powder discharge port, and the spiral plate is used to control the discharge of powder, and a powder discharge control motor is installed on the powder proportioning chamber, and the powder discharge control motor is connected to the spiral plate through a rotating shaft.

[0010] Optionally, the material forming device includes a fiber laser, a beam expander installed at the output end of the fiber laser, a beam splitter installed on the side of the beam expander away from the fiber laser, a scanning galvanometer is provided on the side of the beam splitter away from the beam expander, a feedback device is connected to the beam splitter, an F-θ mirror is provided on the lower side of the scanning galvanometer, the fiber laser, the feedback device and the control center are electrically connected; the control center controls the shaped laser beam generated by the fiber laser according to the contour data, the beam splitter and the scanning galvanometer are used to change the beam path, and the F-θ mirror is used to form a uniform light spot to melt the mixed powder material.

[0011] Optionally, a lifting motor is installed on the lower side of the forming pool, and the lifting motor is used to control the up and down movement of the lifting plate. The lifting motor is electrically connected to the control center.

[0012] Optionally, the powder conveying assembly includes a distribution chamber. A plurality of distribution plates are installed inside the distribution chamber, and the distribution plates and the distribution plates form a V-shaped structure. A distribution motor for driving the distribution plates to rotate is fixed on the outside of the distribution chamber, and a powder pump is installed on the lower side of the distribution chamber. The powder pump includes a deformation tube and a cavity shell arranged on the outside of the deformation tube, and an air pressure pump is fixed on the cavity shell; the air pressure pump is used to control the volume change of the deformation tube so that the powder is mixed with the gas in the deformation tube; the distribution motor and the air pressure pump are electrically connected to the control center.

[0013] Optionally, the powder pushing device includes a U-shaped bracket, a V-shaped scraper is installed on the U-shaped bracket, and the V-shaped scraper is in contact with the forming table; a pushing motor is installed at the end of the forming table, and a pushing screw is installed at the output end of the pushing motor, and the pushing screw is threadedly connected to the U-shaped bracket; sliding tables are installed on both sides of the forming table, and the U-shaped bracket is slidably connected to the sliding table; a groove is provided on the sliding table, and protrusions that cooperate with the groove are installed on both sides of the U-shaped bracket, and the groove is used to limit the up and down movement of the U-shaped bracket.

[0014] Optionally, a protective gas chamber is installed on the forming chamber, and the protective gas chamber is used to supplement inert gas into the forming chamber.

[0015] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1. The powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device uses high-voltage electrostatic chamber technology to evenly mix powder particles, improving processing quality and efficiency; the pulsating airflow resonance effect significantly enhances powder separation and improves separation efficiency; the overall system can significantly reduce the production and manufacturing costs of functionally gradient materials.

[0017] 2. Multi-material processing capability: The powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device can mix multiple materials and is suitable for manufacturing parts with complex shapes and high performance requirements;

[0018] 3. The powder recovery device can separate and recycle materials of different densities to improve the recovery rate of powder and increase the environmental friendliness of powder utilization;

[0019] 4. A powder testing assembly is installed on the powder recovery pipe, and the powder testing assembly includes a powder testing chamber, a powder testing tube is installed on the powder testing chamber, and the powder testing tube connects the powder testing chamber with the powder recovery pipe; a powder conveying assembly is installed on the powder testing tube; the powder conveying assembly is used to convey the powder in the powder testing chamber to the powder separation chamber; a transient vibration applying device is provided below the powder separation chamber; the transient vibration applying device applies a transient vibration to the powder separation chamber; a pressure sensor records the pressure fluctuation signal of the powder separation chamber after the transient vibration; in the pressure fluctuation signal, the part showing obvious peaks and troughs and fluctuation attenuation trend is selected, wherein every two adjacent peaks define is a cycle number, starting from the first selected peak to the last selected peak, the cumulative number of cycles divided by the interval time, the result of calculation is the natural frequency; the pulse modulator generates a pulsating airflow by adjusting the frequency of the airflow; when the frequency of the pulsating airflow is consistent with the natural frequency calculated before, a resonance effect is generated; the mechanism of the resonance effect is that the pulsating airflow with a resonance effect can make the low-density powder particles originally in the powder separation chamber gradually change from a chaotic and disordered motion state to a uniform vibration motion state along the direction of the pulsating airflow, maintaining the same frequency and amplitude as the pulsating airflow, thereby reducing the influence of the chaotically moving particles and improving the quality and controllability of powder separation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a powder recovery device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the powder recovery device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the electrostatic real-time powder proportioning device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the material forming device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder delivery assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the powder delivery assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forming table in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a powder pushing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] In the figure, 1. forming chamber; 11. forming table; 12. forming pool; 121. lifting plate; 122. lifting motor; 13. powder holding pool; 14. protective gas chamber; 2. powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device; 21. powder proportioning chamber; 22. powder proportioning conveying pipe; 23. powder storage bin; 24. high-voltage electrostatic chamber; 25. powder discharge port; 26. charge elimination plate; 27. spiral plate; 28. powder discharge control motor; 29. ​​rotating shaft; 3. material forming device; 31. fiber laser; 32. beam expander; 33. beam splitter; 34. scanning galvanometer; 35. feedback device; 36. F-θ mirror; 4. powder recovery device; 40. pulse modulator; 41. powder separation chamber; 4 11. Instantaneous vibration applying device; 42. Powder recovery pipe; 43. Air blowing pipe; 44. Blower; 45. Powder recovery chamber; 46. Air outlet; 48. Powder testing assembly; 481. Powder testing chamber; 482. Powder testing tube; 49. Discharge pipe; 410. Top exhaust pipe; 412. Air flow control valve; 5. Powder pushing device; 51. U-shaped bracket; 52. V-shaped scraper; 53. Pushing motor; 54. Pushing screw; 55. Sliding table; 56. Groove; 57. Protrusion; 6. Control center; 7. Powder conveying assembly; 71. Distributing chamber; 72. Distributing plate; 73. Distributing motor; 74. Powder pump; 75. Deformation tube; 76. Cavity shell; 77. Air pressure pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 10 , further details of this application are given.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3, an additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recovery, comprising a forming chamber 1, a powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2 is installed in the forming chamber 1, a material forming device 3 is installed in the forming chamber 1, and a powder recovery device 4 is installed on the lower side of the forming chamber 1; the lower side of the forming chamber 1 is fixed to a forming table 11, a forming pool 12 is provided on the forming table 11, a powder holding pool 13 is provided on the forming table 11, and the powder holding pool 13 is connected to the powder recovery device 4; a powder pushing device 5 is installed on the forming table 11, and the powder pushing device 5 is used to push the powder into the forming pool 12 and the powder holding pool 13; a lifting plate 121 is installed in the forming pool 12; the material forming device 3 is used to melt the powder so that the powder forms a mold in the forming pool 12; the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2 is used to mix the powder evenly and then put it onto the forming table 11; a control center 6 is installed on the forming chamber 1, and the control center 6 is used to control the operation of the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2, the material forming device 3, the powder recovery device 4 and the powder pushing device 5.

[0033] Powders of different densities such as (Ti6Al4V powder and Inconel 718 powder) is put onto the forming table 11 after being proportioned in the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2, and is pushed into the forming pool 12 by the powder pushing device 5 to fill the forming pool 12. The excess mixed powder is pushed into the powder holding pool 13. The material forming device 3 generates a laser to heat the mixed powder at a high temperature so that the powder in the designated area melts and solidifies together. At this time, the lifting plate 121 installed in the forming pool 12 moves downward, and the powder pushing device 5 fills the forming pool 12 again, and the material forming device 3 is used to heat and form again. After multiple forming, we get the model we need; the lifting plate 121 installed in the forming pool 12 is raised to be flush with the forming table 11, and the model is taken away. At this time, the powder pushing device 5 pushes all the powder into the powder holding pool 13 and transports the powder to the powder recovery device 4. After processing by the powder recovery device 4, the powders with different densities are separated, so that the unused powder can be used again; therefore, the powder recovery device 4 can separate and recycle materials with different densities to improve the recovery rate of the powder and increase the environmental friendliness of powder utilization.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3The powder recovery device 4 includes a powder separation chamber 41, a powder recovery pipe 42 is installed on the powder separation chamber 41, the powder recovery pipe 42 is connected to the powder holding pool 13, an air blowing pipe 43 is installed at the lower end of the powder separation chamber 41, and the air blowing pipe 43 is connected to a blower 44 at one end away from the powder separation chamber 41. The blower 44 is used to separate powders of different densities into layers in the powder separation chamber 41. A plurality of powder recovery chambers 45 are installed on the powder separation chamber 41, and the powder recovery chambers 45 are distributed up and down on the end separation chamber 41. The upper powder recovery chamber 45 is used to recover low-density powder, and the lower powder recovery chamber is used to recover high-density powder; the powder recovery chamber 45 is provided with an air outlet 46 at one end away from the powder separation chamber 41, and the powder recovery chamber 45 is connected to the powder separation chamber 41 through a powder connecting pipe; a powder conveying assembly 7 is installed on the powder recovery pipe 42;

[0035] During the powder recovery process, the powder conveying assembly 7 conveys the mixed powder from the powder holding pool 13 to the powder separation chamber 41, and the blower 44 generates wind energy to stratify the powder in the powder separation chamber 41. During the recovery process, the air outlet 46 of the top powder recovery chamber 45 is first opened, and a cloth bag is put on it, so that the gas passes through the upper powder recovery chamber 45, and the low-density powder is blown into the powder recovery chamber 45. After the recovery of the low-density powder is completed, the air outlet 46 of the lower powder recovery chamber 45 is opened, and a cloth bag is put on it. The blower 44 continues to work to blow the high-density powder into the lower powder recovery chamber 45; thereby, powders of different densities are separated;

[0036] The powder recovery chamber 45 is connected to the powder separation chamber 41 through a powder connecting pipe. When the gas enters the powder recovery chamber 45 from the powder connecting pipe, the volume of the powder recovery chamber 45 increases and the gas flow rate decreases. At this time, the powder stays in the powder recovery chamber 45. A discharge pipe 49 is installed on the lower side of the powder recovery chamber 45. A sealing plug is detachably installed on the discharge pipe 49. After opening the discharge pipe 49, the recovered powder can be taken out.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 A powder testing assembly 48 is installed on the powder recovery pipe 42, and the powder testing assembly 48 includes a powder testing chamber 481. A powder testing tube 482 is installed on the powder testing chamber 481, and the powder testing tube 482 connects the powder testing chamber 481 with the powder recovery pipe 42; a powder conveying assembly 7 is installed on the powder testing tube 482; the powder conveying assembly 7 is used to convey the powder in the powder testing chamber 481 to the powder separation chamber 41; turn on the blower 44 to blow up the low-density powder, so that the height of the low-density powder is greater than the height of the lower powder recovery chamber 45, and the powder is suspended at the height of the upper powder recovery chamber 45, and the air flow velocity at this time is recorded and set as the separation velocity of the low-density powder, so that the low-density powder can smoothly enter the powder recovery chamber 45.

[0038] A top exhaust pipe 410 is installed at the top of the powder separation chamber 41 . An airflow control valve 412 is installed on the top exhaust pipe 410 and the air outlet 46 . The airflow control valve 412 is electrically connected to the control center 6 .

[0039] The powder conveying assembly 7 is used to convey the powder in the powder testing chamber 481 to the powder separation chamber 41 . The top exhaust pipe 410 is first controlled to be in an open state and the air outlet 46 is controlled to be in a closed state.

[0040] Under the action of gas, the low-density powder in the powder separation chamber 41 is stably suspended at a higher position in the powder separation chamber 41. The air flow velocity at this time is recorded and set as the separation velocity of the low-density powder.

[0041] When the mixed powder is put into the powder separation chamber 41, it is kept for a period of time under the action of the separation speed of the low-density powder to allow the low-density powder and the high-density powder to be fully stratified. At this time, the air outlet 46 on the upper powder recovery chamber 45 is controlled to be open, and the top exhaust pipe 410 is closed. At this time, the low-density powder enters the powder recovery chamber 45 on the side; after the low-density powder recovery is completed, the top exhaust pipe 410 and the air outlet 46 on the upper powder recovery chamber 45 are closed, and the air outlet 46 on the lower powder recovery chamber 45 is opened. At this time, the high-density powder is recovered into the lower powder recovery chamber 45.

[0042] The powder separation chamber 41 is provided with a pressure sensor, which is electrically connected to the control center 6 ; the powder recovery device 4 further includes a pulse modulator 40 , which is used to adjust the pulse of the blower 44 .

[0043] An instantaneous vibration applying device 411 is provided below the powder separation chamber 41; the instantaneous vibration applying device 411 applies an instantaneous vibration to the powder separation chamber 41; the pressure sensor records the pressure fluctuation signal of the powder separation chamber 41 after the instantaneous vibration; in the pressure fluctuation signal, the part showing obvious peaks and troughs and fluctuation attenuation trend is selected, where every two adjacent peaks are defined as a cycle number, and the cumulative number of cycles from the first selected peak to the last selected peak is divided by the interval time, and the result of the calculation is the natural frequency; the pulse modulator 40 generates a pulsating airflow by adjusting the frequency of the airflow; when the frequency of the pulsating airflow is consistent with the natural frequency calculated previously, a resonance effect is generated.

[0044] The mechanism of the resonance effect is that the pulsating airflow with resonance effect can gradually transform the low-density powder particles originally in the powder separation chamber 41 from a chaotic and disordered motion state to a uniform vibration motion state along the direction of action of the pulsating airflow, maintaining the same frequency and amplitude as the pulsating airflow, thereby reducing the impact of the chaotically moving particles and improving the quality and controllability of powder separation.

[0045] Reference Figure 4 、 Figure 5 The powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2 includes a powder proportioning chamber 21, on which two powder proportioning conveying pipes 22 are installed. A powder storage bin 23 is fixed at one end of the powder proportioning conveying pipe 22 away from the powder proportioning chamber 21. Two different powders are stored in the two powder storage bins 23 respectively. A powder storage bin 23 stores a powder with a density of 4.43 g / cm 3 Ti6Al4V powder with a density of 8.19 g / cm is placed in another powder storage bin 23. 3 Inconel 718 powder;

[0046] A powder conveying assembly 7 is installed on the powder proportioning and conveying pipe 22, and a high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24 is installed on the powder proportioning and conveying pipe 22, and the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24 is used to charge the powder; a powder discharge port 25 is installed at the lower end of the powder proportioning chamber 21, and a charge elimination plate 26 is provided directly below the powder discharge port 25, and the charge elimination plate 26 is grounded; the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24 is electrically connected to the control center 6; a spiral plate 27 is installed in the powder discharge port 25, and the spiral plate 27 is used to control the discharge of powder, and a powder discharge control motor 28 is installed on the powder proportioning chamber 21, and the powder discharge control motor 28 is connected to the spiral plate 27 through a rotating shaft 29.

[0047] Negative corona discharge is performed in the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24 on one side, and positive corona discharge is performed in the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24 on the other side. The powder conveying component 7 conveys the powder into the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24, so that the Ti6Al4V powder is charged with negative static electricity, and the Inconel 718 is charged with positive static electricity after passing through the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24. When the Ti6Al4V powder and the Inconel718 powder with different static electricity and a certain ratio are sprayed into the powder proportioning chamber 21, they are adsorbed and mixed with each other. The mixed powder is discharged by the powder control motor 28 to rotate the spiral plate 27 and put onto the charge elimination plate 26. The charge elimination plate 26 is grounded to release the excess charge, thereby eliminating the influence of the excess charge in the mixed powder. Finally, the mixed powder is put onto the forming table 11, pushed into the forming pool 12 by the powder pushing device 5, and processed and formed under the action of the material forming device 3.

[0048] Reference Figure 6, the material forming device 3 comprises a fiber laser 31, a beam expander 32 installed at the output end of the fiber laser 31, a beam splitter 33 installed at the side of the beam expander 32 away from the fiber laser 31, a scanning galvanometer 34 arranged at the side of the beam splitter 33 away from the beam expander 32, a feedback device 35 connected to the beam splitter 33, an F-θ mirror 36 arranged at the lower side of the scanning galvanometer 34, and the fiber laser 31 and the feedback device 35 are electrically connected with the control center 6; the control center 6 controls the forming laser beam generated by the fiber laser 31, the beam path is changed by the beam splitter 33 and the scanning galvanometer 34, and the F-θ mirror 36 is used to form a uniform light spot to melt the mixed powder material.

[0049] The fiber laser 31 generates the forming laser beam through the control of the control center 6, the beam is expanded by the beam expander 32, the beam path is changed by the beam splitter 33 and the scanning galvanometer 34, and the F-θ mirror 36 is used to form a uniform light spot; the fiber laser 31 is connected with the control center 6 through an optical fiber.

[0050] The forming laser beam is reflected by the scanning galvanometer 34 and the beam splitter 33 during the machining process to form a feedback laser beam; the feedback laser beam enters the feedback device 35 to collect feedback information; the feedback device 35 is connected with the control center 6 through an optical fiber; a three-dimensional entity model of the machined part is designed by using a design software, the contour data of each interface is obtained by using a special software, the data is imported into the forming equipment, the forming laser beam generated by the fiber laser 31 is controlled by the control center 6 according to the contour data, the beam is expanded by the beam expander 32, the beam path is changed by the beam splitter 33 and the scanning galvanometer 34, and the F-θ mirror 36 is used to form a uniform light spot to melt the mixed powder material; during the machining, the forming laser beam changes the path through the scanning galvanometer 34 and the beam splitter 33 to form a feedback laser beam, the feedback laser beam is analyzed by the feedback device 35, the feedback data is transmitted to the control center 6, and the control center 6 further controls the fiber laser 31 to change the parameter information in real time according to the feedback information.

[0051] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 9 , the lifting motor 122 is installed at the lower side of the forming tank 12, the lifting motor 122 is used to control the up-down movement of the lifting plate 121, and the lifting motor 122 is electrically connected with the control center 6; a screw rod is installed on the lifting motor 122, a threaded cylinder is installed at the lower side of the lifting plate 121, the lifting plate 121 moves up and down by the control of the lifting motor 6 after the data of the feedback device 35 and the model data are combined and processed by the control center 6, the powder pushing device 5 supplements the powder once every time the lifting plate 121 descends once, the material forming device 3 melts the powder once according to the data, and the model required by us is obtained after multiple machining.

[0052] Referring to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 The powder conveying assembly 7 includes a material distribution chamber 71, a plurality of material distribution plates 72 are installed inside the material distribution chamber 71, and the material distribution plates 72 and the material distribution plates 72 form a V-shaped structure. A material distribution motor 73 for driving the material distribution plates 72 to rotate is fixed on the outside of the material distribution chamber 71. A powder pump 74 is installed on the lower side of the material distribution chamber 71. The powder pump 74 includes a deformation tube 75 and a cavity shell 76 sleeved on the outside of the deformation tube 75. An air pressure pump 77 is fixed on the cavity shell 76; the air pressure pump 77 is used to control the volume change of the deformation tube 75 , so that the powder is mixed with the gas in the deformation tube 75; the distribution motor 73 and the air pressure pump 77 are electrically connected to the control center 6. After the powder enters the distribution chamber 71, the distribution motor 73 controls the rotation of the material plate 72 and feeds the powder into the powder pump 74, which transports the powder; the amount of powder fed can be controlled by the powder motor 73, and the speed of rotation of the distribution motor 73 is controlled by the control center 6 to achieve the powder feeding amount and feeding speed, so that Ti6Al4V powder and Inconel 718 powder are sprayed into the powder proportioning chamber 21 to complete the proportioning.

[0053] The deformation tube 75 is made of silicone or rubber material. When the powder enters the deformation tube 75, the air pump 77 generates negative pressure, causing the deformation tube 75 to expand in the cavity shell 76, and the powder in the deformation tube 75 is mixed with the air. At this time, the air pump 77 generates positive pressure, and the deformation tube 75 rapidly contracts under the action of elastic force and air pressure, and the mixed powder and air are respectively injected into the conveying chamber.

[0054] Under the action of the material distribution cavity 71 and the material distribution plate 72, the reverse flow of air can be reduced during the operation of the air pressure pump 77, so that the powder conveying component 7 can be transported in one direction, effectively preventing the powder from being ejected in the reverse direction.

[0055] Reference Figure 9 、 Figure 10 The powder pushing device 5 includes a U-shaped bracket 51, on which a V-shaped scraper 52 is installed, and the V-shaped scraper 52 is in contact with the forming table 11; a pushing motor 53 is installed at the end of the forming table 11, and a pushing screw 54 is installed at the output end of the pushing motor 53, and the pushing screw 54 is threadedly connected to the U-shaped bracket 51; the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2 puts the mixed powder onto the forming table 11, and the pushing motor 53 drives the pushing screw 54 to rotate, controlling the horizontal movement of the U-shaped bracket 51, and the V-shaped scraper 52 can move the scattered powder to the center position. When the V-shaped scraper 52 passes through the forming pool 12, there is enough powder to fill the forming pool 12, and the U-shaped bracket 51 continues to move forward to put the excess mixed powder into the powder holding pool 13.

[0056] Sliding platforms 55 are installed on both sides of the forming table 11, and the U-shaped bracket 51 is slidably connected to the sliding platforms 55; a groove 56 is opened on the sliding platform 55, and protrusions 57 that cooperate with the groove 56 are installed on both sides of the U-shaped bracket 51. The groove 56 is used to limit the up and down movement of the U-shaped bracket 51;

[0057] The groove 56 and the protrusion 57 are used to limit the up and down movement of the U-shaped bracket 51 so that the V-shaped scraper 52 fits tightly against the forming table 11 .

[0058] Reference Figure 1 A protective gas chamber 14 is installed on the forming chamber 1, and the protective gas chamber 14 is used to supplement inert gas into the forming chamber 1.

[0059] The examples of this specific embodiment are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functionally graded materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a forming chamber (1), wherein a powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device (2) is installed in the forming chamber (1), a material forming device (3) is installed in the forming chamber (1), and a powder recovery device (4) is installed on the lower side of the forming chamber (1); the lower side of the forming chamber (1) is fixed to a forming table (11), a forming pool (12) is provided on the forming table (11), a powder holding pool (13) is provided on the forming table (11), and the powder holding pool (13) is connected to the powder recovery device (4); a powder pushing device is installed on the forming table (11). (5), the powder pushing device (5) is used to push the powder into the forming pool (12) and the powder holding pool (13); the forming pool (12) is equipped with a lifting plate (121); the material forming device (3) is used to melt the powder so that the powder forms a mold in the forming pool (12); the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device (2) is used to evenly mix powders of different densities and then put them on the forming table (11); the forming chamber (1) is equipped with a control center (6), and the control center (6) is used to control the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device (2), the material forming device (3) ), a powder recovery device (4) and a powder pushing device (5) are working; the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device (2) includes a powder proportioning chamber (21), a plurality of powder proportioning conveying pipes (22) are installed on the powder proportioning chamber (21), a powder storage bin (23) is fixed on one end of the powder proportioning conveying pipe (22) away from the powder proportioning chamber (21), a powder conveying assembly (7) is installed on the powder proportioning conveying pipe (22), a high-voltage electrostatic chamber (24) is installed on the powder proportioning conveying pipe (22), and the high-voltage electrostatic chamber (24) is used to charge the powder; the A powder discharge port (25) is installed at the lower end of the powder proportioning chamber (21), and a charge elimination plate (26) is provided directly below the powder discharge port (25), and the charge elimination plate (26) is grounded; the high-voltage static chamber (24) is electrically connected to the control center (6); a spiral plate (27) is installed in the powder discharge port (25), and the spiral plate (27) is used to control the discharge of powder; a powder discharge control motor (28) is installed on the powder proportioning chamber (21), and the powder discharge control motor (28) is connected to the spiral plate (27) through a rotating shaft (29).

2. The additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functionally gradient materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder recovery device (4) includes a powder separation chamber (41), a powder recovery pipe (42) is installed on the powder separation chamber (41), the powder recovery pipe (42) is connected to the powder holding pool (13), an air blowing pipe (43) is installed at the lower end of the powder separation chamber (41), and the air blowing pipe (43) is connected to a blower (44) at one end away from the powder separation chamber (41), and the blower (44) is used to make powders of different densities stratify in the powder separation chamber (41), a plurality of powder recovery chambers (45) are installed on the powder separation chamber (41), and an air outlet (46) is provided at one end of the powder recovery chamber (45) away from the powder separation chamber (41), and the powder recovery chamber (45) is connected to the powder separation chamber (41) through a powder connecting pipe; a powder conveying assembly (7) is installed on the powder recovery pipe (42); and a discharge pipe (49) is installed on the lower side of the powder recovery chamber (45).

3. The additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functionally gradient materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the powder separation chamber (41) is installed with a top exhaust pipe (410), and an air flow control valve (412) is installed on the top exhaust pipe (410) and the air outlet (46), and the air flow control valve (412) is electrically connected to the control center (6).

4. The additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functionally gradient materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: A powder testing assembly (48) is installed on the powder recovery pipe (42), and the powder testing assembly (48) includes a powder testing chamber (481). A powder testing tube (482) is installed on the powder testing chamber (481), and the powder testing tube (482) connects the powder testing chamber (481) with the powder recovery pipe (42); a powder conveying assembly (7) is installed on the powder testing tube (482); the powder conveying assembly (7) is used to convey the powder in the powder testing chamber (481) to the powder separation chamber (41); a transient vibration applying device (411) is provided below the powder separation chamber (41); a pressure sensor is provided in the powder separation chamber (41), and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control center (6); the powder recovery device (4) also includes a pulse modulator (40), and the pulse modulator (40) controls the pulse of the blower (44).

5. The additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functionally gradient materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material forming device (3) includes a fiber laser (31), a beam expander (32) installed at the output end of the fiber laser (31), a beam splitter (33) installed on the side of the beam expander (32) away from the fiber laser (31), a scanning galvanometer (34) is provided on the side of the beam splitter (33) away from the beam expander (32), a feedback device (35) is connected to the beam splitter (33), an F-θ mirror (36) is provided on the lower side of the scanning galvanometer (34), the fiber laser (31) and the feedback device (35) are electrically connected to the control center (6); the control center (6) controls the shaped laser beam generated by the fiber laser (31) according to the profile data, the beam splitter (33) and the scanning galvanometer (34) are used to change the beam path, and the F-θ mirror (36) is used to form a uniform light spot to melt the mixed powder material.

6. The additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functional gradient materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting motor (122) is installed on the lower side of the forming pool (12). The lifting motor (122) is used to control the lifting plate (121) to move up and down. The lifting motor (122) is electrically connected to the control center (6).

7. The additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functionally gradient materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The powder conveying assembly (7) includes a material distribution chamber (71). A plurality of material distribution plates (72) are installed inside the material distribution chamber (71), and the material distribution plates (72) and the material distribution plates (72) form a V-shaped structure. A material distribution motor (73) for driving the material distribution plates (72) to rotate is fixed on the outside of the material distribution chamber (71). A powder pump (74) is installed on the lower side of the material distribution chamber (71), and the powder pump (74) includes a deformation tube (75) and a cavity shell (76) sleeved on the outside of the deformation tube (75). An air pressure pump (77) is fixed on the cavity shell (76); the air pressure pump (77) is used to control the volume change of the deformation tube (75) so that the powder is mixed with the gas in the deformation tube (75); the material distribution motor (73) and the air pressure pump (77) are electrically connected to the control center (6).

8. The additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functionally gradient materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The powder pushing device (5) includes a U-shaped bracket (51), a V-shaped scraper (52) is installed on the U-shaped bracket (51), and the V-shaped scraper (52) is in contact with the forming table (11); a pushing motor (53) is installed at the end of the forming table (11), and a pushing screw (54) is installed at the output end of the pushing motor (53), and the pushing screw (54) is threadedly connected to the U-shaped bracket (51); sliding tables (55) are installed on both sides of the forming table (11), and the U-shaped bracket (51) is slidably connected to the sliding table (55); a groove (56) is opened on the sliding table (55), and protrusions (57) that cooperate with the groove (56) are installed on both sides of the U-shaped bracket (51), and the groove (56) is used to limit the up and down movement of the U-shaped bracket (51).

9. The additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functionally gradient materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: A protective gas chamber (14) is installed on the forming chamber (1), and the protective gas chamber (14) is used to supplement inert gas into the forming chamber (1).

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