Multi-stage nose cone deformation mechanism capable of being decoupled

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage nose cone deformation mechanism capable of being decoupled, and belongs to the field of design of morphing aircrafts. An aircraft nose cone deformation device comprises a five-section nose cone shell, a telescopic mechanism capable of being decoupled, a deflection mechanism and a rotating mechanism; the decoupling telescopic mechanism comprises a driving motor and two sections of lead screws, the two sections of lead screws are connected with the driving motor through gears and can rotate along with the gears, and transmission can be interrupted through clutches; the deflection mechanism comprises an epicyclic gear train, a ball cage type universal joint, a worm and gear and a driving motor, differential motion between deflection freedom degrees is achieved through the epicyclic gear train, and the worm and gear can be self-locked while the required torque is reduced; the rotating mechanism comprises an inner meshing gear set, a worm and gear and a driving motor. Telescopic motion, deflection and rotary motion are mutually independent, telescopic motion of the nose cone shell can be decoupled, the deflection direction can be freely adjusted through rotary motion, and the device has the advantages of being large in deformation amount, simple in driving component, convenient to control and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the design field of deformable aircraft, and in particular is a decoupled multi-stage nose cone deformation mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The requirements for the aerodynamic shape of a hypersonic vehicle in each flight phase are quite different. Designing a variant aircraft that can autonomously achieve a variable aerodynamic configuration is the future development direction of hypersonic aircraft structure. A nose cone with a variable structural function can improve heating and eliminate shock wave drag by changing the bluntness of the nose cone, thereby optimizing the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft. At present, the design of variant aircraft in related technologies is mainly concentrated in the field of wings, and there is less research on variant technology in the field of nose cones. At present, most aircraft deformable nose cone designs cannot freely adjust the deflection angle in the deflected state, nor can they perform multi-degree-of-freedom decoupling control on the deformed shape.

[0003] Therefore, the design of a new decoupled multi-stage nose cone deformation mechanism can solve this type of problem and improve the deformation freedom of the deformable nose cone, which has important reference significance for the design and preparation of future variant aircraft. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at solving the problems existing in the prior art and discloses a decoupled multi-stage head cone deformation mechanism, which is implemented as follows: The aircraft nose cone deformation device of the present invention comprises: a five-section nose cone shell, a decoupled telescopic mechanism, a deflection mechanism and a rotation mechanism; the decoupled telescopic mechanism comprises: a drive motor and two-section lead screw, the two-section lead screw is connected to the drive motor through gears, can rotate with the gears, and can also interrupt the transmission through a clutch; the deflection mechanism comprises: a revolving gear train, a ball cage universal joint, a worm gear and a drive motor, the revolving gear train realizes the differential between the deflection degrees of freedom, and the worm gear can also be self-locking while reducing the required torque; the rotation mechanism comprises: an internal meshing gear set, a worm gear and a drive motor.

[0005] A decoupling multi-stage nose cone deformation mechanism, characterized in that the mechanism includes a segmented nose cone shell, two symmetrical sets of decoupling telescopic mechanisms, a rotating mechanism and a deflection mechanism; the nose cone shell includes five sections of the nose cone shell, namely the first section of the shell, the second section of the shell, the third section of the shell, the fourth section of the shell, and the fifth section of the shell; the first section of the shell is the projectile and does not participate in the telescopic movement; the second section of the shell is the extension section; the third section of the shell, the fourth section of the shell, and the fifth section of the shell are deflection sections, which are arranged in sequence from back to front and are connected to each other, and when the mechanism is fully retracted, only the first section of the shell, the second section of the shell, and the fifth section of the shell are exposed to the outside; when fully extended, the first section of the shell, the second section of the shell, the third section of the shell, the fourth section of the shell, and the fifth section of the shell are all exposed to the outside, and the deflection of the nose cone is completed by rotating the inclined circular interface between the third section of the shell and the fourth section of the shell, and between the fourth section of the shell and the fifth section of the shell, and the deflection direction of the entire deflection section can be arbitrarily changed through the rotational freedom between the second section of the shell and the third section of the shell.

[0006] Furthermore, the decoupling telescopic mechanism is arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the second section of the shell symmetrically, and is connected to the first section and the third section of the shell through two sections of lead screws; the decoupling telescopic mechanism includes: a telescopic drive motor, a gear transmission mechanism, a clutch mechanism, a clutch control push rod, a lower lead screw, an upper lead screw, a lower guide rail, a lower lead screw nut frame, and an upper lead screw nut frame; a telescopic drive motor and two sections of lead screws; the two sections of lead screws are a lower lead screw and an upper lead screw, and the two sections of lead screws are connected to the telescopic drive motor through a gear transmission mechanism, and can rotate with the gears of the gear transmission mechanism, and can also interrupt the transmission through a clutch located between the gear shaft and the lead screw.

[0007] Furthermore, when driving telescopic movement, the telescopic drive motor in the decoupling telescopic mechanism symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the second section of the extension section shell rotates, driving the gear transmission mechanism to rotate, and then driving the lower screw and the upper screw to rotate, and the movement is transmitted to the shell through the lower screw nut frame and the upper screw nut frame, so that the head cone shell connected thereto telescopes, that is, the telescopic deformation of the variant head cone is realized; during the decoupling operation, the clutch mechanism between the gear transmission mechanism and the lower screw and the upper screw is driven by the clutch control push rod to complete the conversion of the meshing state between the gear transmission mechanism and the screw, and change the power transmission state; the stroke of the lower screw and the upper screw uniquely determines the telescopic displacement of the second section and the third section of the shell; when the movement stops, the screw and the screw nut structure complete self-locking; the axial load of the telescopic drive is borne by the lower screw and the upper screw, and the radial load and radial bending moment are borne jointly by the shell interface and the lower guide rail and the upper guide rail.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism is used to drive the rotational freedom between the second section and the third section of the outer shell; the rotating mechanism includes a claw plate, a rotating drive motor, a worm gear mechanism, an internal meshing gear set, and an upper guide rail, the upper guide rail is fixed to the inner wall of the second section of the outer shell, and the claw plate slides on it; when driving to rotate, the rotating drive motor arranged on the claw plate provides power to drive the worm gear mechanism to rotate, and the internal meshing gear set provides rotational driving force, and the third section of the outer shell rotates under the restriction of the claw plate; when stopping at any point in the rotational motion, self-locking can be formed by the worm gear.

[0009] Furthermore, the deflection mechanism includes a deflection drive motor, a worm gear mechanism, a revolving gear train, and a ball cage universal joint; when driving the deflection movement, the deflection drive motor is used for rotational driving, and the revolving gear train is driven by the worm gear mechanism to realize the differential between the two inclined circular interfaces, and the ball cage universal joint is used to complete the uniform speed transmission of the two non-coaxial rotating interfaces; at the same time, when stopping at any point in the deflection movement, the worm gear can form a self-locking function.

[0010] The motion process of the decoupled multi-stage head cone deformation mechanism described in the present invention is as follows: The deformation mechanism is initially in a contracted state, and the gear transmission mechanism is driven to rotate by the telescopic drive motor. When the clutch control push rod pushes the clutch mechanism to engage, the gear transmission mechanism drives the lower lead screw and the upper lead screw to rotate, thereby making the second section and the third section of the shell extend from the projectile body. When the clutch control push rod pushes the clutch mechanism to separate, the gear transmission mechanism idles and does not transmit power to the lead screw. The state combination of the clutch mechanism can realize the separate movement of the lower lead screw and the upper lead screw, thereby realizing the separate movement of the first section and the second section of the shell and the second section and the third section of the shell in two degrees of translational freedom. During the deflection movement, the deflection drive motor drives the worm gear mechanism to rotate, and transmits the power to the epicyclic gear train connected through the ball cage universal joint, so that the inclined rotation interface between the third section of the housing, the fourth section of the housing, and the fifth section of the housing rotates relatively, thereby realizing the deflection of the nose cone; When there is no deflection drive, the third section of the housing, the fourth section of the housing, and the fifth section of the housing are self-locking, wherein the third section of the housing is clamped in the claw plate; During rotational movement, the rotation drive motor arranged on the claw plate provides power to drive the worm gear mechanism to rotate, and the third section, the fourth section and the fifth section of the outer shell are driven to rotate as a whole through the internal meshing gear set to adjust the deflection direction of the head cone.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are: The telescopic movement, deflection and rotational movement of the present invention are independent of each other, wherein the telescopic movement of the head cone shell can be decoupled, and the deflection direction can be freely adjusted through rotational movement, which has the advantages of large deformation, simple driving components, and convenient control. The screw and worm gear mechanism are added to the transmission chain, and friction self-locking can be achieved without adding an additional locking mechanism, making the structure simpler and more reliable. The rotational and translational freedoms are separated, and the five sections of the shell are in surface contact, which has good air tightness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a contraction state of a decoupled multi-stage head cone deformation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the extended state of a decoupled multi-stage head cone deformation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a deflection state of a decoupled multi-stage head cone deformation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 is a view of a clutch-based decoupling lead screw telescopic mechanism in a decoupling multi-stage variant nose cone from the perspective of the projectile body; Figure 5 is a view of a clutch-based decoupling lead screw telescopic mechanism in a decoupling multi-stage variant nose cone from the perspective of a deflection section; Figure 6 A view focusing on the worm gear in the rotating mechanism within the nose cone of the decoupling multi-stage variant; Figure 7 A view of the side-weighted claw disc in the rotating mechanism within the decoupled multi-stage variant nose cone; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the deflection mechanism in the decoupling multi-stage variant nose cone; Among them, 100-housing, 101-the first section of the housing, 102-the second section of the housing, 103-the third section of the housing, 104-the fourth section of the housing, 105-the fifth section of the housing, 200-decoupled telescopic mechanism, 201-telescopic drive motor, 202-gear transmission mechanism, 203-clutch mechanism, 204-clutch control push rod, 205-lower lead screw, 206-upper lead screw, 207-lower guide rail, 208-lower lead screw nut frame, 209-upper lead screw nut frame, 300-rotation mechanism, 301-claw plate, 302-rotation drive motor, 303-worm gear mechanism, 304-internal meshing gear set, 305-upper guide rail, 400-deflection mechanism, 401-deflection drive motor, 402-turbine worm gear mechanism, 403-epiconvolving gear train, 404-ball cage universal joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail by enumerating examples below. It should be noted that the specific implementation described here is only used to explain the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0014] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention includes a segmented nose cone shell 100, two symmetrical sets of decoupled telescopic mechanisms 200, a rotation mechanism 300 and a deflection mechanism 400; wherein the nose cone shell 100 includes five sections of nose cone shells, namely the first section 101 of the shell, the second section 102 of the shell, the third section 103 of the shell, the fourth section 104 of the shell, and the fifth section 105 of the shell; the first section 101 of the shell is a projectile and does not participate in the telescopic movement; the second section 102 of the shell is an extension section; the third section 103 of the shell, the fourth section 104 of the shell, and the fifth section 105 of the shell are deflection sections, which are arranged in sequence from back to front and are connected to each other, and the mechanism When fully retracted, only the first section 101, the second section 102, and the fifth section 105 of the shell are exposed to the outside; when fully extended, the first section 101, the second section 102, the third section 103, the fourth section 104, and the fifth section 105 of the shell are all exposed to the outside, and the deflection of the head cone is completed by rotating the inclined circular interface between the third section 103 and the fourth section 104, and between the fourth section 104 and the fifth section 105 of the shell, and the deflection direction of the entire deflection section can be arbitrarily changed through the rotational freedom between the second section 102 and the third section 103 of the shell.

[0015] like Figures 4 and 5 The decoupling telescopic mechanism 200 is shown, which is arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the second section 102 of the extension section housing symmetrically, and is connected to the first section 101 and the third section 103 of the housing through a screw mechanism. The decoupling telescopic mechanism includes: a telescopic drive motor 201, a gear transmission mechanism 202, a clutch mechanism 203, a clutch control push rod 204, a lower screw 205, an upper screw 206, a lower guide rail 207, a lower screw nut frame 208, and an upper screw nut frame 209.

[0016] When driving the telescopic movement, the telescopic driving motor 201 in the decoupling telescopic mechanism 200 arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the elongated section rotates, driving the gear transmission mechanism 202 to rotate, and then driving the lower screw 205 and the upper screw 206 to rotate, and the movement is transmitted to the shell through the lower screw nut frame 208 and the upper screw nut frame 209, so that the head cone shell connected thereto telescopes, that is, the telescopic deformation of the variant head cone is realized. During the decoupling operation, the clutch mechanism 203 between the gear transmission mechanism 202 and the lower screw 205 and the upper screw 206 is driven by the clutch control push rod 204 to complete the meshing state conversion between the gear transmission mechanism 202 and the screw, and change the transmission state of the power. The travel of the lower screw 205 and the upper screw 206 uniquely determines the telescopic displacement of the first section 101 of the shell and the third section 103 of the shell. When the movement stops, the screw and the screw nut structure complete the self-locking. The axial load of the telescopic drive is borne by the lower lead screw 205 and the upper lead screw 206 , and the radial load and radial bending moment are borne jointly by the housing interface and the lower guide rail 207 and the upper guide rail 305 .

[0017] like Figures 6 and 7 The rotating mechanism 300 is shown, and the rotating mechanism 300 is used to drive the rotational freedom between the second section 102 and the third section 103 of the housing. The rotating mechanism is composed of a claw plate 301, a rotation driving motor 302, a worm gear mechanism 303, and an internal meshing gear set 304.

[0018] When driven to rotate, the rotation drive motor 302 arranged on the claw plate 301 provides power to drive the worm gear to rotate, and the internal meshing gear set 304 provides a rotation driving force, and the third section 103 of the housing rotates under the restriction of the claw plate 301. When stopping at any point in the rotational motion, the worm gear can form a self-locking.

[0019] like Figure 8 The deflection mechanism 400 is shown, and the deflection mechanism 400 includes a deflection drive motor 401, a worm gear mechanism 402, an epicyclic gear train 403, and a ball cage universal joint 404. When driving the deflection movement, the deflection drive motor 401 is driven to rotate, and the epicyclic gear train 403 is driven by the worm gear mechanism 402 to achieve the differential between the two inclined circular interfaces, and the uniform speed transmission of the two non-coaxial rotation interfaces is completed by the ball cage universal joint 404. At the same time, when stopping at any point in the deflection movement, the worm gear can form a self-locking.

[0020] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A decoupled multi-stage nose cone deformation mechanism, characterized in that: The institutions include A segmented nose cone shell (100), two symmetrical sets of decoupling telescopic mechanisms (200), a rotating mechanism (300) and a deflecting mechanism (400); The nose cone shell (100) comprises five sections of the nose cone shell, namely the first section (101) of the shell, the second section (102) of the shell, the third section (103) of the shell, the fourth section (104) of the shell, and the fifth section (105) of the shell; the first section (101) of the shell is a projectile and does not participate in the telescopic movement; the second section (102) of the shell is an extension section; the third section (103) of the shell, the fourth section (104) of the shell, and the fifth section (105) of the shell are deflection sections, which are arranged in sequence from back to front and are connected to each other. When the mechanism is fully retracted, only the first section (101) of the shell, the second section (102) of the shell, and the fifth section (105) of the shell are in contact with each other. , the fifth section (105) of the shell is exposed to the outside; when fully extended, the first section (101) of the shell, the second section (102) of the shell, the third section (103) of the shell, the fourth section (104) of the shell, and the fifth section (105) of the shell are all exposed to the outside, and the deflection of the head cone is completed by rotating the inclined circular interface between the third section (103) of the shell and the fourth section (104) of the shell, and between the fourth section (104) of the shell and the fifth section (105) of the shell, and the deflection direction of the entire deflection section can be arbitrarily changed through the rotational freedom between the second section (102) of the shell and the third section (103) of the shell.

2. A decoupled multi-stage head cone deformation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decoupling telescopic mechanism (200) is arranged on two symmetrical sides of the inner wall of the second section (102) of the housing, and is connected to the first section (101) and the third section (103) of the housing via two lead screws; The decoupling telescopic mechanism (200) comprises: a telescopic drive motor (201), a gear transmission mechanism (202), a clutch mechanism (203), a clutch control push rod (204), a lower lead screw (205), an upper lead screw (206), a lower guide rail (207), a lower lead screw nut frame (208), and an upper lead screw nut frame (209); A telescopic drive motor (201) and two lead screws; the two lead screws are a lower lead screw (205) and an upper lead screw (206); the two lead screws are connected to the telescopic drive motor (201) via a gear transmission mechanism (202), can rotate along with the gears of the gear transmission mechanism (202), and can also interrupt transmission via a clutch located between the gear shaft and the lead screw.

3. A decoupled multi-stage head cone deformation mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: When driving the extension and retraction, the extension drive motor (201) in the decoupling extension mechanism (200) arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the second section (102) of the extension section housing rotates, driving the gear transmission mechanism (202) to rotate, thereby driving the lower lead screw (205) and the upper lead screw (206) to rotate, and the movement is transmitted to the housing through the lower lead screw nut frame (208) and the upper lead screw nut frame (209), so that the head cone housing connected thereto moves in extension and retraction, that is, the extension and retraction deformation of the variant head cone is achieved; During the decoupling operation, the clutch mechanism (203) between the gear transmission mechanism (202) and the lower lead screw (205) and the upper lead screw (206) is driven by the clutch control push rod (204) to complete the meshing state conversion between the gear transmission mechanism (202) and the lead screw, thereby changing the power transmission state; the travel of the lower lead screw (205) and the upper lead screw (206) uniquely determines the telescopic displacement of the second section (102) and the third section (103) of the housing; When the movement stops, the lead screw and the lead screw nut structure complete self-locking; the axial load of the telescopic drive is borne by the lower lead screw (205) and the upper lead screw (206), and the radial load and radial bending moment are borne jointly by the housing interface and the lower guide rail (207) and the upper guide rail (305).

4. The decoupled multi-stage head cone deformation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (300) is used to drive the rotational freedom between the second section (102) of the housing and the third section (103) of the housing; the rotating mechanism (300) comprises a claw plate (301), a rotation driving motor (302), a worm gear mechanism (303), an internal meshing gear set (304), and an upper guide rail (305); the upper guide rail (305) is fixed to the inner wall of the second section (102) of the housing, and the claw plate (301) slides on the claw plate; When driven to rotate, the rotation drive motor (302) arranged on the claw plate (301) provides power to drive the worm gear mechanism (303) to rotate, and the internal meshing gear set (304) provides rotation driving force, and the third section (103) of the housing rotates under the restriction of the claw plate (301); when stopping at any point in the rotational motion, the worm gear can form a self-locking.

5. The decoupled multi-stage head cone deformation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deflection mechanism (400) comprises a deflection drive motor (401), a worm gear mechanism (402), an epicyclic gear train (403), and a ball cage universal joint (404); when driving the deflection movement, the deflection drive motor 401 performs rotational driving, and drives the epicyclic gear train (403) through the worm gear mechanism (402), thereby realizing the differential between the two inclined circular interfaces, and completing the uniform speed transmission of the two non-coaxial rotation interfaces through the ball cage universal joint (404); at the same time, when stopping at any point in the deflection movement, the worm gear can form a self-locking state.

6. A decoupled multi-stage head cone deformation mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The movement process of the deformation mechanism is as follows: The deformation mechanism is initially in a contracted state, and the telescopic drive motor (201) drives the gear transmission mechanism (202) to rotate. When the clutch control push rod (204) pushes the clutch mechanism (203) to engage, the gear transmission mechanism (202) drives the lower lead screw (205) and the upper lead screw (206) to rotate, thereby causing the second section and the third section of the shell to extend from the elastic body. When the clutch control push rod (204) pushes the clutch mechanism (203) to separate, the gear transmission mechanism (202) idles and does not transmit power to the lead screw. The state combination of the clutch mechanism (203) can realize the separate movement of the lower lead screw (205) and the upper lead screw (206), thereby realizing the separate movement of the first section (101) and the second section (102) of the shell and the second section (102) and the third section (103) of the shell in two translational degrees of freedom. During the deflection movement, the deflection drive motor (401) drives the worm gear mechanism (402) to rotate, and transmits power to the epicyclic gear train (403) connected via the ball cage universal joint (404), so that the inclined rotation interface between the third section (103) of the housing, the fourth section (104) of the housing, and the fifth section (105) of the housing rotate relatively, thereby realizing the deflection of the nose cone; When there is no deflection drive, the third section (103) of the housing, the fourth section (104) of the housing, and the fifth section (105) of the housing are self-locking, wherein the third section (103) of the housing is clamped in the claw plate (301); During rotational movement, a rotation drive motor (302) arranged on the claw plate (301) provides power to drive the worm gear mechanism (303) to rotate, and the third section (103), the fourth section (104) and the fifth section (105) of the housing are driven to rotate as a whole through the internal meshing gear set (304), thereby adjusting the deflection direction of the head cone.

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