Camellia oleifera biological water and fertilizer chelating liquid and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a biological water-fertilizer-microbe chelating liquid for camellia oleifera, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of forestry. The biological water-fertilizer-microbe chelating liquid is prepared by using Brevibacillus parvus, Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus glutilis and Bacillus thuringiensis as bacillus fertilizer, and combining with fulvic acid and trace elements, and can effectively solve the problems of low yield and low efficiency in the development of camellia oleifera planting, has the characteristics of promoting the growth of camellia oleifera roots, enhancing the absorption capacity of roots, improving the yield of camellia oleifera, and enhancing the disease resistance and drought resistance of camellia oleifera, is an environment-friendly fertilizer with remarkable fertilizer efficiency, low cost, and the ability to significantly improve the yield and quality of camellia oleifera, and can provide a new way for the large-scale and improved variety development of camellia oleifera.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of forestry technology, specifically relating to a biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution for camellia oleifera, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Camellia oleifera is a major woody oilseed tree species in southern my country. For a long time, although the planting area of ​​Camellia oleifera has been large, there have been many low-yield and inefficient forests, while the area of ​​high-yield Camellia oleifera forests is extremely small. Therefore, improving the yield and quality of Camellia oleifera oil has received unprecedented support and attention from the national to the local level in ensuring national grain and oil supply and contributing to rural revitalization.

[0003] Nutrients are crucial for the yield of camellia oleifera trees. However, excessive application of chemical fertilizers currently leads to soil hardening and decreased fertility, severely impacting the health and yield of camellia oleifera trees, while also negatively affecting food safety and the environment. Elements such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in chemical fertilizers are essential nutrients for the growth and development of camellia oleifera trees and form the basis for the effectiveness of conventional fertilizers. Utilizing these elements and their photosynthetic products, camellia oleifera can synthesize essential primary metabolites for its growth and development, such as amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, and polysaccharides. However, these substances only guarantee the growth and development of the camellia oleifera tree, not its high and stable yield. Furthermore, the pesticides currently used in forestry production are mainly chemical pesticides. While these can kill harmful pathogens, they also result in excessively high pesticide residues, leading to substandard camellia oil quality.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a high-quality fertilizer that is effective in preventing and controlling plant diseases and fungi, harmless to humans and animals, inexpensive, and can effectively increase the yield per unit area of ​​camellia and improve the quality of camellia oil. It can enhance the enthusiasm of camellia growers and lay the foundation for the large-scale, improved variety, base-based, and industrialized development of the camellia industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the background art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution for camellia oleifera, its preparation method, and its application. This invention uses four types of bacilli combined with fulvic acid, trace elements, etc., to prepare a biological fertilizer that promotes root growth in camellia oleifera, enhances root absorption capacity, increases camellia oleifera yield, and strengthens the disease resistance, drought resistance, and other stress resistance properties of camellia oleifera. It can also improve soil aeration, increase fertilizer utilization, enhance photosynthesis and metabolism in camellia oleifera, and reduce the heavy metal content in camellia oleifera. The biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution of this invention biodegrades rapidly in the environment, has low toxicity to humans, animals, and non-target organisms, has low raw material costs, and a simple production process, meeting the requirements of modern forestry for environmental protection, health, and sustainable development.

[0006] This invention provides a biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution for camellia oleifera, comprising the following components in the indicated weight percentages: 5%-7.5% fulvic acid, 0.35%-0.6% bacitracal fertilizer, 0.1%-0.8% trace elements, 0.2%-0.5% organic fertilizer, 1.0%-2.0% compound fertilizer, 0.3%-0.4% sodium selenite, and 0.05%-0.12% chitosan oligosaccharide.

[0007] The bacterial fertilizer includes Bacillus lateralis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus jellyoidis, and Bacillus thuringiensis.

[0008] Furthermore, the biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution comprises, by mass percentage: 6.4% humic acid, 0.5% Bacillus fertilizer, 0.4% trace elements, 0.36% organic fertilizer, 1.4% compound fertilizer, 0.34% sodium selenite, and 0.08% chitosan oligosaccharide.

[0009] Furthermore, the bacterial fertilizer is composed of Bacillus lateralis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus jellyoidis, and Bacillus thuringiensis in a mass ratio of 10:(2-6):(7-12):(5-15).

[0010] Bacillus laterosporus has the characteristics of high activity, rapid reproduction, strong adaptability, and strong resistance to temperature differences. It can adapt well to different soils. It can increase crop yield by promoting plant root growth and enhancing root absorption capacity, inhibit the reproduction of pathogens inside and outside the plant, reduce pests and diseases and thus reduce pesticide residues, improve and loosen soil, solve soil compaction and thus activate the soil and improve fertilizer utilization, enhance plant metabolism, promote and enhance photosynthesis and strengthen the leaf protective film to resist pathogens, and solidify and reduce the content of heavy metals and nitrates in the plant, thus comprehensively improving crop quality and increasing crop yield.

[0011] Bacillus megaterium produces a large number of endogenous plant enzymes during its metabolism, which can significantly improve the absorption rate of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium by crops. It also promotes root growth, increases the number of fibrous roots, enhances leaf photosynthesis, regulates the flow of nutrients to fruits, and significantly increases fruit size and yield. Bacillus megaterium can also reduce nitrate and heavy metal content in plants, increase vitamin C content in fruits by more than 30%, and increase soluble sugar content by 2-4 degrees Brix. By accelerating the decomposition of organic matter, it provides crops with readily available nutrients and energy, and can decompose toxic and harmful substances from continuous cropping, preventing replanting problems. By controlling rhizosphere nutrition and resources, it thickens the cell walls of plant root cells, causing fibrosis and lignification, and forming a cuticle double silica layer, creating a strong barrier against pathogen invasion. Bacillus megaterium can also enhance soil buffering capacity, retain moisture, and improve crop resistance to drought, cold, and waterlogging.

[0012] Bacillus jelly-like bacteria can fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus and potassium, and release soluble trace elements such as calcium, sulfur, magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, and manganese. This not only improves soil fertility but also provides crops with absorbable nutrients, significantly increasing fertilizer utilization. It forms beneficial microbial communities in crop roots, effectively inhibiting the growth of harmful and pathogenic microorganisms in the soil, significantly reducing the occurrence of various soil-borne diseases, thereby reducing pesticide use and mitigating pesticide pollution. During its metabolism, Bacillus jelly-like bacteria also produce various physiologically active substances and protein amino acids, such as gibberellins, indoleacetic acid, and cytokinins, which can increase crop chlorophyll content by 16%-18%, significantly enhancing crop photosynthesis, promoting root development and robust growth, and improving crop resistance to cold, drought, disease, and stress, ultimately increasing crop yield and improving product quality. After being applied to the soil, Bacillus jelly-like bacteria continuously provides crops with appropriate amounts of various nutrients, preventing and improving physiological nutrient deficiencies in crops.

[0013] Bacillus thuringiensis, as a biological pesticide that complements chemical pesticides, plays a vital role in the control of plant diseases and pests, and also has an important function in organic agriculture. Bacillus thuringiensis is an environmentally friendly insecticide, with a production process that meets environmental protection requirements and leaves minimal residue in the field after spraying. Furthermore, its production cost is low, and its raw materials are widely available, primarily agricultural by-products, making it relatively inexpensive. Bacillus thuringiensis has a broad insecticidal spectrum, effective against more than 200 species of lepidopteran pests. Continuous use can create epidemic zones for pests, causing widespread dissemination of pest pathogens and achieving the natural control of pest population density.

[0014] Furthermore, the trace elements include calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, manganese, and molybdenum.

[0015] Furthermore, the organic fertilizer is at least one of human excrement, peat, sphagnum moss, soybean residue, and distiller's grains.

[0016] Furthermore, the compound fertilizer is at least one of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium nitrate.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution, comprising: injecting water into a chelation tank, then adding fulvic acid, trace elements, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and sodium selenite, and finally adding Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus thuringiensis, and chitosan oligosaccharide, adjusting the pH, and forming a water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution.

[0018] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution in improving the yield and quality of camellia oleifera.

[0019] Furthermore, apply 5-7.5 kg of water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution to each young Camellia oleifera tree, and 15-25 kg of water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution to each mature Camellia oleifera tree. Irrigate in a circular pattern along the vertical line of the tree canopy. Fertilize three times a year (once in March-April, once in May-June, and once in November-December).

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] This invention addresses the low yield and efficiency of camellia oleifera trees and the issue of camellia oil quality by providing a biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution specifically for camellia oleifera trees. This solution not only boasts low raw material costs but also a simple production process. The water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution of this invention can significantly accelerate the growth rate of camellia oleifera trees, substantially increasing camellia oleifera yield while also improving camellia oil quality. It is an environmentally friendly, highly effective, and low-cost biological fertilizer that can significantly improve both the yield and quality of camellia oleifera, providing a new pathway for the large-scale and improved variety development of camellia oleifera. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with embodiments. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] (a) Preparatory work

[0026] 1. Bacterial cultivation equipment

[0027] Each room is a separate, enclosed, clean room with a door, measuring 4-6 square meters and capable of holding three 400-pound buckets.

[0028] Three 400-pound plastic buckets, tops removed, washed;

[0029] Wooden boards and square strips of wood are used to cover the roof to block out light while allowing air to pass through;

[0030] Two ultraviolet sterilization lamps, with the switch located outside the door; the lamps must not be turned on when inside the room.

[0031] One aerator pump for fish farming;

[0032] One electronic scale;

[0033] pH test strips, one box;

[0034] An electric mixer is used for the first step of bacterial culture, and a 1.6-meter-long stirring rod is used for subsequent stirring.

[0035] Several clean buckets.

[0036] 2. Raw materials

[0037] Ingredients: rapeseed cake, corn flour, potato, edible glucose, ammonium bicarbonate, trace elements, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, brown sugar, vitamin B complex, vitamin C (tasteless).

[0038] (II) Propagation Formula

[0039] Water: 300 jin

[0040] Rapeseed cake: 15.5 jin

[0041] Corn flour: 3.5 jin

[0042] Potatoes: 1 pound

[0043] Consumable glucose: 4 jin (divided into two doses)

[0044] Ammonium bicarbonate: 4 jin (divided into two batches)

[0045] Micronutrients (a mixture of calcium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, etc., by mass, hereinafter the same): 0.5 catties

[0046] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1 catties

[0047] (III) Culture and propagation of bacteria

[0048] 1. Weighing: Weigh the required raw materials using an electronic scale according to the propagation formula;

[0049] 2. Sterilization: Steam the raw materials in a steamer for half an hour. Soak the rapeseed cake, corn flour and potatoes in an appropriate amount of hot water. Use a spiral cutter to chop the raw materials and grind them into a paste. Then rinse the plastic container for incubation with boiling water to achieve the effect of high-temperature sterilization.

[0050] 3. Mixing: Add the mud-like raw materials, glucose, ammonium bicarbonate, trace elements, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the large plastic container for incubation. Add water while stirring until well mixed (note that only half of the glucose and ammonium bicarbonate should be added at a time, and the other half should be added the next day).

[0051] 4. Adjust pH: When the water has been added to about 300 catties, stop adding water and at the same time measure the pH value of the culture medium. Use quicklime (CaO, which is alkaline) to adjust the pH value of the solution to between 7 and 8.

[0052] 5. Adding bacteria: After cooling to room temperature, add 1 pound of one type of bacteria. At this time, use a stirring rod to stir evenly (after adding bacteria, do not use an electric mixer).

[0053] 6. Oxygenation: Place the outlet of the oxygen pump into the plastic container for incubation, ensuring that the outlet is at different heights, and continue to provide uniform oxygenation for 5-7 days.

[0054] 7. Growth Factors: Add 6 Vitamin B tablets and 6 Vitamin C tablets per container daily;

[0055] 8. Continuous monitoring, daily observation of metabolites, and pH measurement at least twice a day, morning and evening. Stir well with a stirring rod before measurement.

[0056] 9. After 4 to 5 days, a film-like substance gradually forms on the surface of the solution, and propagation is successful after 5 to 7 days (propagation is temperature-dependent, with higher temperatures resulting in faster propagation). Four types of bacilli were obtained (Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Bacillus thuringiensis).

[0057] (iv) Microbial culture monitoring

[0058] 1. Monitor and record metabolites daily;

[0059] 2. Measure and record the pH value every morning and evening. Stir well with a stirring rod before measurement.

[0060] 3. Adjust the pH to around 7-7.5. If the pH is <7, it is acidic, indicating that the bacteria are metabolizing normally. In this case, add ammonium bicarbonate or quicklime to raise the pH to around 7.5. If the pH is >7, it is alkaline, indicating that the bacteria are not metabolizing normally. In this case, add acetic acid or citric acid to lower the pH to around 7.5.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Preparation and proportioning of biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution:

[0063] Weigh out 1000 parts water, 64 parts humic acid, 5 parts spore fertilizer (composed of Bacillus retroflexus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Bacillus thuringiensis obtained in Example 1 in a mass ratio of 10:5:9:11), 4 parts trace elements, 3.6 parts organic fertilizer (1 part peat, 1 part soybean residue, and 1.6 parts distiller's grains), 14 parts compound fertilizer (7 parts monoammonium phosphate and 7 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate), 3.4 parts sodium selenite, and 0.8 parts chitosan.

[0064] Water is injected into the chelation tank, followed by the addition of fulvic acid, trace elements, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and sodium selenite. Finally, Bacillus lateralis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus thuringiensis, and chitosan are added, and the pH is adjusted to 6 to form a water-fertilizer-bacterial chelation solution.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] Preparation and proportioning of biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution:

[0067] Weigh out 1000 parts water, 50 parts humic acid, 6 parts spore fertilizer (composed of Bacillus retroflexus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Bacillus thuringiensis obtained in Example 1 in a mass ratio of 10:6:7:9), 1 part trace elements, 2 parts organic fertilizer (0.5 parts peat moss, 1 part soybean residue, 0.5 parts distiller's grains), 20 parts compound fertilizer (5 parts monoammonium phosphate, 5 parts diammonium phosphate, 5 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts potassium nitrate), 3 parts sodium selenite, and 1.2 parts chitosan.

[0068] Water is injected into the chelation tank, followed by the addition of fulvic acid, trace elements, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and sodium selenite. Finally, Bacillus lateralis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus thuringiensis, and chitosan are added, and the pH is adjusted to 6 to form a water-fertilizer-bacterial chelation solution.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] Preparation and proportioning of biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution:

[0071] Weigh out 1000 parts water, 75 parts humic acid, 3.5 parts spore fertilizer (composed of Bacillus retroflexus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Bacillus thuringiensis obtained in Example 1 in a mass ratio of 10:2:12:9), 8 parts trace elements, 5 parts organic fertilizer (1 part human excrement, 1 part peat, 1 part straw, 1 part soybean residue, and 1 part distiller's grains), 10 parts compound fertilizer (5 parts diammonium phosphate and 5 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate), 4 parts sodium selenite, and 0.5 parts chitosan.

[0072] Water is injected into the chelation tank, followed by the addition of fulvic acid, trace elements, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and sodium selenite. Finally, Bacillus lateralis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus thuringiensis, and chitosan are added, and the pH is adjusted to 6 to form a water-fertilizer-bacterial chelation solution.

[0073] Comparative Example 1

[0074] Referring to the steps and parameters of Example 2, the difference is that Lactobacillus plantarum and Streptomyces flavus are used instead of Bacillus megaterium; that is, the spore fertilizer is composed of Bacillus lateralis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptomyces flavus, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus thuringiensis in a mass ratio of 10:2.5:2.5:9:11.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] Referring to the steps and parameters of Example 2, the difference is that Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are used instead of Bacillus lateralis and Bacillus jelly-like bacteria, respectively; that is, the spore fertilizer is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus thuringiensis in a mass ratio of 10:5:9:11.

[0077] Comparative Example 3

[0078] Referring to the steps and parameters of Example 2, the difference is that Bacillus megaterium and chitosan are not used; that is, the spore fertilizer is composed of Bacillus lateralis, Bacillus jellyoidis, and Bacillus thuringiensis in a mass ratio of 12.5:11.5:11.

[0079] Test case

[0080] The water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solutions obtained in Examples 2-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were used for ring irrigation of camellia trees through an integrated water and fertilizer pipeline. The timing, amount, and method of application of the water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution are as follows:

[0081] Fertilize once a year on April 1st, June 1st, and December 1st (for one year).

[0082] Apply 6 kg of solution to each young tree;

[0083] Apply 20 kg of solution to each mature tree;

[0084] Irrigate in a vertical ring along the tree canopy.

[0085] Table 1. Comparison of growth of young Camellia oleifera trees under tending (Xianglin XLC-15, 24 trees per group)

[0086]

[0087] Table 2 Comparison of growth and yield of Camellia oleifera in low-efficiency forest transformation (Ganwu 12, 30 trees per group)

[0088]

[0089] Oil was extracted from the camellia fruits and seeds obtained one year after fertilization in each group of experimental cases in Table 2, and the content of components was detected (GB5009.168-2016 Method III, GB 5009.82-2016 Method II, LS / T 6120-2017).

[0090] Table 3 Comparison of Tea Oil Quality after Transformation from Inefficient Forests

[0091]

[0092] As shown in Tables 1-3, the biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution of this invention can significantly improve the growth rate of young and mature Camellia oleifera forests. Compared with the blank control group or other combinations of bacterial fertilizers, the growth rate of the water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution is significantly improved, especially the yield growth rate, which is close to 400%. At the same time, the prepared camellia oil has a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, a good linolenic acid / linoleic acid ratio, and significantly increased content of active ingredients such as vitamin E and squalene. The biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution of this invention not only greatly increases the yield of Camellia oleifera but also effectively improves the quality of camellia oil, giving it excellent market competitiveness.

[0093] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the concept and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological water-fertilizer-bacterial chelate solution for camellia oleifera, characterized in that, By weight parts including the following components: water 1000 parts, fulvic acid 64 parts, bacillus fertilizer 5 parts, trace elements 4 parts, organic fertilizer 3.6 parts, compound fertilizer 14 parts, sodium selenite 3.4 parts, chitohexose 0.8 parts; The bacillus fertilizer is composed of Brevibacillus parvus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus thuringiensis in a mass ratio of 10:5:9:

11.

2. The biological water and fertilizer chelating liquid for tea-oil tree according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trace elements include calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, manganese and molybdenum.

3. The biological water and fertilizer chelating liquid for tea-oil tree according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic fertilizer is at least one of human excrement and urine, peat, grass carbon, bean dregs and vinasse.

4. The biological water and fertilizer chelating liquid for tea-oil tree according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound fertilizer is at least one of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate.

5. The method of producing the biological water and manure chelate solution according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by, It comprises: Water is injected into a chelation tank, and then fulvic acid, trace elements, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and sodium selenite are added into the tank, and finally Brevibacillus parvus, Bacillus megaterium, Paenibacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus thuringiensis and chitohexose are poured into the tank, pH is adjusted, and a water-fertilizer-bacterium chelation liquid is formed.

6. The application of the biological water-fertilizer-bacterium chelation liquid in any one of claims 1-4 in improving the yield and quality of Camellia oleifera.

7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that, 5-7.5 kg of the water-fertilizer-bacterium chelation liquid is applied to each Camellia oleifera seedling, and 15-25 kg of the water-fertilizer-bacterium chelation liquid is applied to each Camellia oleifera mature tree, and the Camellia oleifera is irrigated along the vertical line of the crown three times a year.

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