Dynamic penetrometer

Abstract

The invention provides a dynamic penetrometer, and relates to the technical field of measuring instruments. The dynamic penetrometer comprises a guide pressurization table, a driving hammer, a detection rod and a power transmission assembly. The guide pressurizing table is used for applying lateral constraining force and top pressure to a soil layer to be measured, and the guide pressurizing table comprises a first guide hole; the driving hammer is used for applying impact force to the detection rod and comprises a second guide hole; the detection rod vertically penetrates through the first guide hole and the second guide hole; the power transmission assembly comprises a supporting frame and a lifter, the supporting frame is used for supporting and limiting the power transmission assembly, and the lifter is used for providing lifting power for the driving hammer. When the to-be-detected soil layer is detected, the lifter lifts the driving hammer to a preset height and releases the driving hammer, so that the driving hammer freely falls and applies impact force to the detection rod, and the to-be-detected soil layer is detected according to the falling depth of the detection rod and the number of hammering times. According to the technical scheme, the accuracy of the dynamic penetrometer in the detection process can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of measuring instruments, and in particular to a dynamic probe. Background Art

[0002] The penetration tester is a commonly used foundation bearing capacity testing equipment. According to different functional principles, it can be divided into static penetration tester and dynamic penetration tester. Among them, the static penetration tester uses a pressure device to press the probe equipped with a sensor into the soil layer at a uniform speed. The penetration resistance of the probe is recorded by the sensor, and the physical and mechanical properties of the soil layer are determined by these data. The dynamic penetration tester uses a certain hammer kinetic energy to drive the probe into the soil, and evaluates the properties of the soil layer by judging the difficulty of driving it into the soil.

[0003] However, when the dynamic probe in the related art is detecting, the test soil layer will be squeezed upward or sideways, resulting in a small number of hammer blows, and it is difficult to ensure that the detection rod is always in a vertical direction, thereby affecting the accuracy of the test results.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a dynamic penetration instrument that can avoid the extrusion of soil layers during the test, thereby reducing the deviation of the number of hammer strikes, and can ensure that the detection rod is always in a vertical state. Furthermore, the accuracy of the dynamic penetration instrument during the detection process is improved at least to a certain extent.

[0006] Additional aspects and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.

[0007] According to the first aspect of the present disclosure, a dynamic probe is provided, which includes: a guide pressure platform, a hammer, a detection rod and a power transmission assembly. The guide pressure platform is used to apply lateral restraint force and top pressure to the soil layer to be tested, and the guide pressure platform includes a first guide hole; the hammer is used to apply impact force to the detection rod, and the hammer includes a second guide hole; the detection rod vertically passes through the first guide hole and the second guide hole; the power transmission assembly includes a support frame and a lifter, the support frame is used to support and limit the power transmission assembly, and the lifter is used to provide lifting power for the hammer. When detecting the soil layer to be tested, the lifter lifts the hammer to a preset height and releases it, so that the hammer falls freely and applies impact force to the detection rod, and the soil layer to be tested is detected according to the descending depth of the detection rod and the number of hammering.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the above scheme, the detection rod includes a rod body, a probe and a force block. One end of the rod body is inserted into the first guide hole, and the other end is inserted into the second guide hole; the probe is located at one end of the rod body close to the soil layer to be measured; and the force block is located in the middle of the rod body. The hammer passes through the second wire hole and falls freely along the axis direction of the detection rod, and exerts an impact force on the force block, thereby pushing the probe to move downward to achieve detection of the soil layer to be measured.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the aforementioned solution, the force-bearing block includes a gasket, which is arranged on the force-bearing surface where the force-bearing block contacts the hammer.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the aforementioned scheme, a measuring mark is provided on the detection rod, the starting scale of the measuring mark is located in the same horizontal plane as the side of the guide pressurizing platform facing the hammer, and the scale arrangement direction of the measuring mark extends from the guide pressurizing platform to the hammer.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the above solution, the support frame includes a top plate, a support rod and a cushion block. The support rod is hinged to the top plate, and the number of the support rods is not less than 3; the cushion block is arranged at one end of the support rod close to the soil layer to be measured, so as to increase the stability of the support frame.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the above solution, the hoist includes a winch, a fixed pulley and a traction rope. The fixed pulley is arranged on a side of the top plate close to the hammer; the traction rope passes through the fixed pulley, and one end of the traction rope is connected to the hammer, and the other end is connected to the winch.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the above-mentioned solution, the guide pressurizing platform is a truncated cone, the radius of the lower bottom surface of the truncated cone is greater than the radius of the upper bottom surface, and the lower bottom surface is in contact with the soil layer to be tested.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the aforementioned solution, a pressure sensor is embedded in a side of the hammer close to the guide pressurizing platform, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to an external counter.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the aforementioned solution, lubricating liquid is provided on the inner side walls of the first guide hole and the second guide hole to reduce the resistance during the relative movement between the detection rod and the guide pressure platform and the hammer.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the above-mentioned solution, one end of the detection rod close to the soil layer to be detected is a conical structure.

[0017] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present disclosure has at least one of the following advantages and positive effects: The dynamic prober disclosed in the present invention includes a guide pressurizing platform, a hammer, a detection rod and a power transmission assembly. On the one hand, the guide pressurizing platform can be used to apply lateral restraint force and top pressure to the soil layer to be tested, thereby avoiding the problem of insufficient lateral limit and lack of cover weight during the detection process, especially for non-cohesive soil layers, the soil layer will be squeezed upward or laterally, resulting in a small number of hammer blows; on the other hand, the detection rod vertically passes through the first guide hole on the guide pressurizing platform and the second guide hole on the hammer, which can limit the detection rod and ensure the verticality of the detection rod during the detection process; thereby, the accuracy of the dynamic prober during the detection process is improved to a certain extent. On the other hand, the hammer can be automatically lifted to a predetermined height through the power transmission assembly, thereby reducing manual operations and improving detection efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in detail example embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dynamic probe in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] The main components in the figure are described as follows: 1. Guide pressurizing platform; 11. First guide hole; 2. hammer; 21. second guide hole; 3. Detection rod; 31. Rod body; 32. Probe; 33. Force block; 34. Measuring mark; 4. Power transmission assembly; 41. Support frame; 411. Top plate; 412. Support rod; 413. Pad; 42. Hoist; 421. Winch; 422. Fixed pulley; 423. Traction rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be comprehensive and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0022] The features, structures or characteristics described above may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner, and if possible, the features discussed in each embodiment are interchangeable. In the above description, many specific details are provided to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present disclosure may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, materials, etc. may be adopted. In other cases, known structures, materials or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid blurring the various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0023] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this disclosure to describe the relative relationship of one component of the illustration to another component, these terms are used in this disclosure only for convenience, such as the orientation of the examples described in the drawings. It is understood that if the device of the illustration is turned over so that it is upside down, the component described as being "upper" will become the component "lower". Other relative terms, such as "high", "low", "top", "bottom", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., are also used to have similar meanings. When a structure is "on" other structures, it may mean that the structure is formed integrally on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure through another structure.

[0024] In the present disclosure, the terms "a", "an", "the", "said" and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "comprising", "including" and "having" are used to express an open-ended inclusion and mean that additional elements / components / etc. may exist in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second" and "third" etc. are used merely as labels and are not intended to limit the quantity of their objects.

[0025] In the related art, the dynamic probe is widely used as a fast and accurate foundation detection tool. It uses a certain amount of hammer kinetic energy to drive the probe into the soil, and evaluates the properties of the soil layer by judging the difficulty of driving it into the soil. However, when the dynamic probe in the related art is performing detection, due to the lack of lateral constraints and top loads, the tested soil layer may move upward or laterally, resulting in a small number of recorded hammer strikes or the penetration depth of the detection rod is too high. In addition, since the stability of the detection rod needs to be manually ensured, it is difficult to ensure that the detection rod is always in a vertical direction during detection, which often affects the accuracy of the test results. In order to solve all or part of the technical problems in the above-mentioned related technologies, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dynamic probe. Figure 1As shown, the dynamic probe comprises: a guide pressure platform 1, a hammer 2, a detection rod 3 and a power transmission assembly 4. Among them, the guide pressure platform 1 is used to apply lateral restraint force and top pressure to the soil layer to be tested, and the guide pressure platform 1 includes a first guide hole 11; the hammer 2 is used to apply impact force to the detection rod 3, and the hammer 2 includes a second guide hole 21; the detection rod 3 vertically passes through the first guide hole 11 and the second guide hole 21; the power transmission assembly 4 includes a support frame 41 and a lifter 42, the support frame 41 is used to support and limit the power transmission assembly 4, and the lifter 42 is used to provide lifting power for the hammer 2. When detecting the soil layer to be tested, the lifter 42 lifts the hammer 2 to a preset height and releases it, so that the hammer 2 falls freely and applies impact force to the detection rod 3, and the soil layer to be tested is detected according to the descending depth of the detection rod 3 and the number of hammering.

[0026] Specifically, the guide pressurizing platform 1 can be a platform with a certain weight, which is used to apply lateral restraint and top pressure to the soil layer to be tested. In the actual detection process, due to the penetration of the detection rod 3, the soil layer to be tested will be squeezed upward or laterally, and this extrusion phenomenon is more significant in the non-cohesive soil layer. At this time, the original soil structure will be greatly changed, resulting in a smaller number of hammer strikes recorded when the detection rod 3 is inserted at the same depth, or the penetration depth of the detection rod 3 is too high under the same number of hammer strikes, thereby affecting the accuracy of the test results. By setting the guide pressurizing platform 1, the weight of the guide pressurizing platform 1 itself can generate lateral pressure on the surrounding soil to limit the lateral displacement of the soil. At the same time, the weight of the guide pressurizing platform 1 will also be transmitted downward, generating top pressure on the soil below, limiting the upward extrusion of the soil, which helps to maintain the original structure of the soil and reduce the deviation of the number of hammer strikes or the detection depth deviation caused by soil extrusion. Exemplarily, the guide pressurizing platform 1 is made of other suitable materials with a certain weight and rigidity, such as cast iron, steel, concrete, etc. In addition, the shape of the guide pressurizing platform 1 can be a cube, a truncated cone, a cylinder or other suitable shapes. However, no matter which shape is adopted, the contact surface between the guide pressurizing platform 1 and the soil layer to be tested must be kept flat to ensure good contact with the ground. The weight of the guide pressurizing platform 1 can also be evenly distributed on the soil layer to be tested to avoid changes in soil structure due to excessive local pressure.

[0027] Furthermore, the guide pressurizing platform 1 has a first guide hole 11, which vertically penetrates the guide pressurizing platform 1, and the extension direction of the first guide hole 11 is perpendicular to the plane where the soil layer to be measured is located. By providing the first guide hole 11, the falling trajectory of the detection rod 3 can be limited to ensure the verticality of the detection rod 3 during the detection process.

[0028] The hammer 2 is used to apply impact force to the detection rod 3, and a second guide hole 21 is provided inside the hammer 2. By vertically passing the detection rod 3 through the first guide hole 11 and the second guide hole 21, the guide holes can be aligned, thereby further increasing the verticality of the detection rod 3. Preferably, the second guide hole 21 passes through the center of mass of the hammer 2, so that when the hammer 2 hits the detection rod 3, the impact force can be evenly distributed, preventing the detection rod 3 from tilting, thereby reducing the friction resistance between the detection rod 3 and the first guide hole 11 and the second guide hole 21 during the falling process. Exemplarily, the hammer 2 can be made of cast iron, steel, tungsten alloy or other materials that can withstand high-frequency impact and are not easily damaged.

[0029] The detection rod 3 may represent a rod-shaped component that passes through the guide pressurizing platform 1 and the hammer 2. When the hammer 2 falls, it exerts an impact force on the detection rod 3, causing the detection rod 3 to move downward into the soil layer. By recording the number of hammer strikes required to drive the detection rod 3 into the soil to a certain depth and the depth of the detection rod 3 after each hammer strike, the bearing capacity or soil properties of the soil layer to be tested can be evaluated.

[0030] The power transmission assembly 4 may represent a structural component for lifting the hammer 2 and supporting the entire dynamic probe, which includes a support frame 41 and a lifter 42. The main function of the support frame 41 is to support and limit the entire dynamic probe, ensuring that the entire device is stable and reliable during the detection process. The lifter 42 is used to lift the hammer 2 to a preset height, and then release it, so that it falls freely to exert an impact force on the detection rod 3.

[0031] During the actual detection process, the guide pressurizing platform 1 is placed on the soil layer to be tested to ensure that it is in close contact with the ground. The detection rod 3 is passed through the first guide hole 11 of the guide pressurizing platform 1 and the second guide hole 21 of the hammer 2 to ensure that the detection rod 3 is in a vertical state. The hammer 2 is lifted to a preset height using the lifter 42, and the hammer 2 is released to allow it to fall freely. The depth to which the detection rod 3 descends after each hammering is recorded until the predetermined depth or number of hammerings is reached. The properties of the soil layer to be tested are evaluated based on the recorded number of hammerings and the depth to which the detection rod 3 descends.

[0032] The dynamic probe in the disclosed embodiment, on the one hand, can apply lateral restraint force and top pressure to the soil layer to be tested through the guide pressure platform 1, so as to avoid the problem of insufficient lateral limit and no cover weight during the detection process, especially for the non-cohesive soil layer, the soil layer will be squeezed upward or laterally, resulting in a small number of hammer blows; on the other hand, the detection rod 3 vertically passes through the first guide hole 11 on the guide pressure platform 1 and the second guide hole 21 on the hammer 2, which can limit the detection rod 3 to ensure the verticality of the detection rod 3 during the detection process; thereby, the accuracy of the dynamic probe in the detection process is improved to a certain extent. On the other hand, the hammer 2 can be automatically lifted to a predetermined height through the power transmission component 4, thereby reducing manual operation and improving detection efficiency.

[0033] The various parts of the above-mentioned dynamic probe are described in detail below.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the detection rod 3 includes a rod body 31, a probe 32 and a force block 33. One end of the rod body 31 is inserted into the first guide hole 11, and the other end is inserted into the second guide hole 21; the probe 32 is located at one end of the rod body 31 close to the soil layer to be measured; and the force block 33 is located in the middle of the rod body 31. The hammer 2 falls freely along the axis direction of the detection rod 3 through the second wire hole, and exerts an impact force on the force block 33, thereby pushing the probe 32 to move downward to detect the soil layer to be measured.

[0035] Specifically, the rod body 31 is the main component of the detection rod 3, which plays the role of connecting the probe 32 and the force block 33, and ensures the stability and linearity of the entire structure. One end of the rod body 31 is inserted into the first guide hole 11 of the guide pressure platform 1, and the other end is inserted into the second guide hole 21 of the hammer 2, which ensures the linearity of the detection rod 3 during the detection process and prevents it from deflecting. The probe 32 is located at one end of the rod body 31 close to the soil layer to be measured, which is usually a conical structure, which is convenient for entering the soil layer. The probe 32 can effectively reduce the friction resistance and ensure that the detection rod 3 penetrates the soil layer smoothly. The force block 33 can be located in the middle part of the rod body 31, in contact with the hammer 2, and is used to receive the impact force of the hammer 2. Exemplarily, the rod body 31, the probe 32 and the force block 33 can be arranged in an integrated manner, and can also be firmly connected by welding, threaded connection or other mechanical fixing methods. In addition, through the guide holes on the guide pressure platform 1 and the hammer 2, the detection rod 3 will not swing or deflect significantly when it is impacted.

[0036] In some embodiments, the rod body 31 can be a retractable structure, so that the length of the rod body 31 can be adjusted according to different detection depths, thereby improving detection efficiency and adaptability. Exemplarily, the rod body 31 can be composed of a plurality of interconnected rod sections, each of which contains an electric telescopic mechanism. Through the control system, the rod body 31 can automatically extend or retract according to demand to adapt to different detection depths. Among them, the electric telescopic mechanism can include a micro motor, a gear set, a screw and a limit switch. The micro motor can be installed at the top of the rod section and connected to the screw through a gear set. The gear set is used to convert the rotational motion of the motor into the linear motion of the screw. The screw passes through the entire rod section. When the motor rotates, the screw pushes a sliding block inside to extend or retract the rod section. The limit switch can be set at the end of the rod section to detect the extension or contraction limit of the rod section and feedback to the control system. In actual operation, the start and stop and rotation direction of the motor can be controlled by the control system, and the motor and control circuit can be powered by the power supply.

[0037] In some embodiments, the probe 32 may be embedded with a dielectric constant sensor for measuring the moisture content of the soil layer to be measured. Specifically, when the probe 32 is inserted into the soil layer, the dielectric constant sensor measures the soil dielectric constant and then converts the soil dielectric constant into moisture content based on a preset mapping relationship. In some embodiments, the probe 32 may be embedded with a conductivity sensor for measuring the conductivity of the soil layer to be measured. In some embodiments, the probe 32 may be embedded with an electrochemical sensor for measuring the organic matter content of the soil layer to be measured.

[0038] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the force block 33 includes a gasket, which is arranged on the force bearing surface of the force block 33 in contact with the hammer 2. Specifically, by placing the gasket on the force bearing surface of the force block 33 in contact with the hammer 2, the impact force of the hammer 2 on the force block 33 can be slowed down or dispersed, thereby reducing mechanical damage and ensuring uniform force transmission. Exemplarily, the gasket can be made of other suitable materials such as rubber, nylon, plastic, etc.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a measuring mark 34 is provided on the detection rod 3, the starting scale of the measuring mark 34 is located in the same horizontal plane as the side of the guide pressurizing platform 1 facing the hammer 2, and the scale arrangement direction of the measuring mark 34 extends from the guide pressurizing platform 1 to the hammer 2.

[0040] Specifically, the measurement mark 34 can represent a scale mark set on the upper detection rod 3, which is used to intuitively display the descending depth of the detection rod 3 during the hammering process. Preferably, the end of the detection rod 3 close to the soil layer to be tested is flush with the bottom surface of the guide pressurizing platform 1. When performing detection, the penetration depth of the detection rod 3 can be determined by the measurement mark 34 on the detection rod 3.

[0041] Furthermore, the provision of the measurement mark 34 allows the tester to directly observe and record the descent depth of the probe rod 3, thereby improving the accuracy and readability of the test data. The scale arrangement direction of the measurement mark 34 extends from the guide pressurizing platform 1 to the hammer 2, which enables the tester to more easily observe the movement of the probe rod 3 and simplifies the operation process. Since the starting scale of the measurement mark 34 is located on the same horizontal plane as the guide pressurizing platform 1, it is ensured that the initial position of the probe rod 3 is consistent at the beginning of each detection, thereby ensuring the consistency and comparability of the test data. In addition, the design of the measurement mark 34 reduces the error of manual measurement and improves the reliability of the test results.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the support frame 41 includes a top plate 411, a support rod 412 and a cushion block 413. The support rod 412 is hinged to the top plate 411, and the number of the support rods 412 is not less than 3; the cushion block 413 is arranged at one end of the support rod 412 close to the soil layer to be measured, and is used to increase the stability of the support frame 41.

[0043] Specifically, the top plate 411 is the top planar structure of the support frame 41, which is used to fix and support other components. The support rod 412 is a rod connecting the top plate 411 and the pad 413, and the number is not less than 3. It is connected to the top plate 411 in a hinged manner, which can facilitate the adjustment of the angle of the support rod 412 to adapt to different terrain conditions. The pad 413 is a component arranged at the bottom of the support rod 412, which is used to increase the stability of the support frame 41. It can be a flat plate structure with a certain area to increase its contact area with the ground. Before detection, the angle of the support rod 412 can be adjusted according to the ground conditions of the soil layer to be tested to ensure that the support frame 41 is stably placed and the top plate 411 is in a horizontal state.

[0044] Furthermore, the setting of the pad 413 increases the contact area between the support frame 41 and the ground, improves the stability of the support frame 41, and can maintain stability even on uneven ground. The hinged design of the support rod 412 and the top plate 411 can adjust the angle of the support rod 412 according to the terrain, so that the support frame 41 can adapt to various terrain conditions. In addition, the number of support rods 412 is not less than 3, which can form a triangular support structure to ensure the stability of the entire device and facilitate detection by operators.

[0045] In addition, in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the support rod 412 may be a retractable structure, which may be composed of multiple sleeves, and each sleeve may slide relative to each other to change the overall length. The retractable design of the support rod 412 allows the operator to more easily adjust the height of the equipment to adapt to different operating conditions. It also allows the support rod 412 to occupy less space during transportation and storage, making it easier to carry and transport.

[0046] In other embodiments of the present disclosure, a universal wheel may be provided at one end of the support rod 412 close to the soil layer to be measured, and the universal wheel has a locking assembly, which can ensure that the support frame 41 remains stable during the detection process. The provision of the universal wheel allows the support frame 41 to be easily moved to a desired position, thereby improving the flexibility of the device.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the hoist 42 includes a winch 421, a fixed pulley 422 and a traction rope 423. The fixed pulley 422 is disposed on a side of the top plate 411 close to the hammer 2; the traction rope 423 passes through the fixed pulley 422, and one end of the traction rope 423 is connected to the hammer 2, and the other end is connected to the winch 421.

[0048] Among them, the winch 421 is a mechanical device for lifting the hammer 2, which can retract and release the traction rope 423 by rotating the drum. The fixed pulley 422 is a fixed pulley that can be used to change the direction of the traction rope 423. The traction rope 423 represents a rope used to connect the hammer 2 and the winch 421, which is used to lift or lower the hammer 2 by rotating the winch 421. By using the hoist 42 composed of the winch 421, the fixed pulley 422 and the traction rope 423, the hammer 2 can be effectively lifted and its release can be controlled, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the probe during the detection process, while improving the convenience and safety of operation.

[0049] In some embodiments, two lifting rings are provided on one side of the hammer 2 close to the top plate 411, and the end of the traction rope 423 close to the hammer 2 has two thread ends, which are respectively fixedly connected to the above-mentioned lifting rings. The two lifting rings can be symmetrically arranged and the distance from the center of gravity of the hammer 2 is equal, so as to ensure that the hammer 2 will not tilt when it is lifted, thereby reducing the friction between the hammer 2 and the detection rod 3.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the guide pressurizing platform 1 is a truncated cone, the radius of the lower bottom surface of the truncated cone is greater than the radius of the upper bottom surface, and the lower bottom surface is in contact with the soil layer to be tested.

[0051] Exemplarily, the guide pressurizing platform 1 can be a truncated cone with a lower bottom surface diameter of 100 cm, an upper bottom surface diameter of 50 cm, and a height of 50 cm. Furthermore, the lower bottom surface of the truncated cone is larger, and the contact area with the ground is increased, which can improve the stability of the guide pressurizing platform 1 and reduce the shaking during the hammering process, thereby ensuring the verticality of the detection rod 3 during the hammering process and improving the accuracy of the test data. The design of the truncated cone helps to reduce the disturbance to the foundation, especially in non-cohesive soil, which can effectively prevent the soil from being squeezed upward or laterally, maintain the original state of the base, and thus avoid distortion of the test data.

[0052] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a pressure sensor is embedded in a side of the hammer 2 close to the guide pressurizing platform 1 , and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to an external counter.

[0053] The pressure sensor can be used to measure the pressure generated when the hammer 2 contacts the probe rod 3. The counter is an external device electrically connected to the pressure sensor, which can be used to receive the signal sent by the pressure sensor, trigger the counting function according to the signal, and record the number of hammer strikes.

[0054] During the actual detection process, when the hammer 2 contacts the detection rod 3, the pressure sensor detects the pressure change and sends a signal to the counter, which records a hammer blow based on the received signal. The pressure sensor automatically records the effectiveness of each hammer blow, which reduces the error of human judgment and improves the accuracy of the test data. In addition, the pressure sensor can accurately measure the pressure value of each hammer blow, which helps to evaluate the soil layer reaction under different hammer blow forces, thereby improving the test accuracy. It also reduces the direct participation of operators in the test process and improves the safety of the test.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, lubricating liquid is provided on the inner side walls of the first guide hole 11 and the second guide hole 21 to reduce the resistance when the probe rod 3 moves relative to the guide pressure platform 1 and the hammer 2. By reducing the friction, the probe rod 3 descends more smoothly, the accuracy of the test data is improved, and the wear between components can be reduced, thereby extending the overall service life of the probe.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, one end of the detection rod 3 close to the soil layer to be tested is a conical structure. Specifically, by setting the end of the detection rod 3 close to the soil layer to be tested to a conical structure, the friction resistance of the detection rod 3 in the soil layer can be reduced, making it easier for the detection rod 3 to penetrate the soil layer. It also helps to reduce the disturbance of the soil, especially in the cohesive-free soil layer that is prone to lateral extrusion, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection data. The conical structure also helps the detection rod 3 to maintain better centering when entering the soil, thereby ensuring that the test rod enters the soil vertically and reducing the phenomenon of tilting or deviation.

[0057] The dynamic probe in the embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively limit the disturbance of the soil layer by providing lateral restraint and top pressure through the guide pressure platform, avoid the distortion of test data caused by insufficient load and lateral limit, and thus improve the test accuracy; the detection rod vertically passes through the first guide hole and the second guide hole, and the guide holes can be used to ensure that the rod body is always in a vertical state during the detection process, thereby avoiding manual centering errors; the hammer can be easily raised and lowered through the power transmission component, reducing the intensity of manual operation and improving the detection efficiency; by recording the descent depth of the detection rod and the number of hammer strikes, the mechanical properties parameters of the tested soil layer can be accurately obtained, providing a reliable basis for foundation treatment and foundation design; in addition, the gasket on the force-bearing block can increase the friction coefficient of the force-bearing surface, ensure that the impact force of the hammer can be effectively transmitted to the detection rod, and avoid slipping; the lubricating fluid in the guide hole can reduce the friction between the detection rod and the guide hole, ensure the smooth movement of the detection rod, and avoid errors caused by friction.

[0058] It should be understood that the present disclosure does not limit its application to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components proposed in the present disclosure. The present disclosure can have other embodiments and can be implemented and executed in a variety of ways. The aforementioned variations and modifications fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the present disclosure and the limited present disclosure extend to all alternative combinations of two or more individual features mentioned or evident in the text and / or the drawings. All of these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of the present disclosure. The embodiments described in the present disclosure illustrate the best modes known for implementing the present disclosure and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A dynamic penetration instrument, characterized in that: include: A guide pressurizing platform, used to apply lateral restraint force and top pressure to the soil layer to be tested, the guide pressurizing platform comprising a first guide hole; A hammer, used to apply an impact force to the detection rod, wherein the hammer includes a second guide hole; A detection rod, the detection rod vertically passing through the first guide hole and the second guide hole; A power transmission assembly, comprising a support frame and a lifter, wherein the support frame is used to support and limit the power transmission assembly, and the lifter is used to provide lifting power for the hammer; Among them, when detecting the soil layer to be tested, the lifter lifts the hammer to a preset height and releases it, allowing the hammer to fall freely and exert impact force on the detection rod, and the soil layer to be tested is detected according to the descending depth of the detection rod and the number of hammer strikes.

2. The dynamic probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection rod comprises: a rod body, one end of which is inserted into the first guide hole, and the other end of which is inserted into the second guide hole; A probe, located at one end of the rod body close to the soil layer to be tested; A force bearing block is located in the middle part of the rod body; The hammer passes through the second wire hole and falls freely along the axial direction of the detection rod, and exerts an impact force on the force-bearing block, thereby pushing the probe to move downward to realize the detection of the soil layer to be detected.

3. The dynamic probe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The force bearing block comprises: A gasket is arranged on the force-bearing surface where the force-bearing block contacts the hammer.

4. The dynamic probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection rod is provided with a measurement mark, the starting scale of the measurement mark is located in the same horizontal plane as the side of the guide pressurizing platform facing the hammer, and the scale arrangement direction of the measurement mark extends from the guide pressurizing platform to the hammer.

5. The dynamic probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame comprises: roof; Support rods are hinged to the top plate, and the number of the support rods is not less than 3; A pad is arranged at one end of the support rod close to the soil layer to be measured, and is used to increase the stability of the support frame.

6. The dynamic probe according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifter comprises: hoist; A fixed pulley, arranged on a side of the top plate close to the hammer; A traction rope passes through the fixed pulley, and one end of the traction rope is connected to the hammer, and the other end is connected to the winch.

7. The dynamic probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide pressurizing platform is a truncated cone, the radius of the lower bottom surface of the truncated cone is greater than the radius of the upper bottom surface, and the lower bottom surface is in contact with the soil layer to be tested.

8. The dynamic probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is embedded in a side of the hammer close to the guide pressurizing platform, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to an external counter.

9. The dynamic probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lubricating liquid is provided on the inner side walls of the first guide hole and the second guide hole to reduce the resistance when the detection rod, the guide pressure platform and the hammer move relative to each other.

10. The dynamic probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the detection rod close to the soil layer to be detected is a conical structure.

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