A composite bushing for an automobile and a method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, and discloses a composite bushing for automobiles and a manufacturing method thereof, which comprises a metal base, an elastic rubber layer arranged on the outer surface of the metal base, a fabric reinforcing layer arranged on the outer side of the elastic rubber layer, a waterproof and breathable film arranged on the outer surface of the fabric reinforcing layer, and a wear-resistant protective layer arranged on the outer surface of the waterproof and breathable film. The application solves the problem that the traditional single-material automobile bushing cannot meet the comprehensive requirements of high performance, multi-working-condition adaptability and high reliability of modern automobiles, and is suitable for automobile parts.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobile parts, in particular to a composite bushing for automobiles and a manufacturing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the automobile industry, modern automobiles have increasingly stringent performance requirements for various parts. As an important component that connects key system parts such as automobile transmission and suspension, the performance of the automobile bushing directly affects the overall performance, comfort, safety, and durability of the automobile.

[0003] In traditional automobile bushing design, single materials are mainly used, such as metal bushings and rubber bushings. Metal bushings (such as common steel bushings) have high strength and stiffness and can withstand large loads, so they have certain advantages in some places with high structural support requirements. However, metal bushings have poor shock absorption and buffering performance, and cannot effectively absorb the impact and vibration from road bumps, engine vibrations, etc. during automobile driving, which not only causes the passengers to feel obvious bumps and noise, reducing the riding comfort, but also causes fatigue damage to the connecting parts due to long-term exposure to severe vibration, shortening the service life, increasing the maintenance cost and safety hazards of the automobile.

[0004] On the contrary, rubber bushings are widely used due to their excellent elasticity and shock absorption performance. Rubber materials can effectively absorb and buffer various vibrations and impacts, significantly improving the driving comfort of automobiles. However, the strength and wear resistance of rubber bushings are relatively weak, and they are prone to deformation, wear, and even rupture under heavy loads or long-term use, which cannot meet the use requirements of automobiles in high-performance working conditions. For example, in high-performance sports cars or heavy trucks, the limitations of rubber bushings are more obvious, and frequent high-strength use will cause them to fail quickly, affecting the control stability and safety of the automobile.

[0005] In addition, with the increasing degree of automobile electrification, static electricity problems are also increasingly concerned. Metal bushings are prone to electrostatic discharge due to their good electrical conductivity, which may cause electromagnetic interference to the electronic control system of the automobile, affecting the normal operation of electronic equipment; while the insulating property of rubber bushings allows static electricity to accumulate on their surface, which can also pose potential hazards to surrounding electronic components, such as causing sensor misjudgment, electronic component breakdown, etc.

[0006] Meanwhile, the automobile runs in different environmental conditions and faces the test of temperature change, humidity, dust and other factors. The bushing of a single material is difficult to have good temperature resistance, water resistance and dust resistance at the same time. For example, the rubber bushing is easy to age and soften in a high temperature environment, and is hard and brittle in a low temperature environment, resulting in a significant decline in performance; the metal bushing is good in temperature resistance, but is easy to rust and corrode in a humid environment, affecting its mechanical properties and connection reliability.

[0007] In summary, the traditional single-material automobile bushing cannot meet the comprehensive needs of modern automobiles for high performance, multi-working-condition adaptability and high reliability. Therefore, developing a composite automobile bushing integrating high strength, good shock absorption and buffering performance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, anti-static and adaptability to various environmental conditions into one has become a key technical problem to be solved in the field of automobile parts, and has extremely important practical significance and broad application prospects.

[0008] Therefore, a composite automobile bushing with multiple excellent properties and a manufacturing method thereof are proposed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0009] The present application aims to provide a composite automobile bushing and a manufacturing method thereof to solve the problem that the traditional single-material automobile bushing of the prior art cannot meet the comprehensive needs of modern automobiles for high performance, multi-working-condition adaptability and high reliability.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] The technical scheme provided by the present application is: a composite automobile bushing, comprising a metal base, an elastic rubber layer is arranged on the outer surface of the metal base, a fabric reinforcing layer is arranged on the outer side of the elastic rubber layer, a waterproof and breathable film is arranged on the outer surface of the fabric reinforcing layer, and a wear-resistant protective layer is arranged on the outer surface of the waterproof and breathable film.

[0012] The metal base is made of titanium alloy, the metal base has a cylindrical structure, a spiral groove is formed on the outer surface of the metal base along the axial direction, the depth of the spiral groove is between 0.5mm and 1.5mm, a shock-absorbing damping material is filled in the spiral groove, connecting lugs extending outward are arranged at both ends of the metal base, a plurality of connecting holes are uniformly arranged on the connecting lugs, and the inner wall of the connecting hole has a thread-reinforced coating to enhance the reliability of the connection.

[0013] The elastic rubber layer is coated on the outer surface of the metal base, the elastic rubber layer is made of blended rubber of silicone rubber and polyurethane rubber, the thickness is 4mm-6mm, the mass ratio of silicone rubber to polyurethane rubber is 3:7, the outer surface of the elastic rubber layer has a plurality of equidistantly distributed annular ridges, the height of the annular ridges is 1mm-2mm, the distance between adjacent annular ridges is 3mm-5mm, the elastic rubber layer is uniformly dispersed with conductive carbon fiber filaments, the diameter of the conductive carbon fiber filaments is 5μm-10μm, the mass fraction accounts for 3%-5% of the total mass of the rubber layer, and is used for dissipating static electricity.

[0014] The fabric reinforcing layer is attached to the outer surface of the elastic rubber layer, the fabric reinforcing layer is made of aramid fiber and glass fiber blended, the mass ratio of aramid fiber to glass fiber is 4:6, the warp and weft density of the fabric reinforcing layer is 100 strands / inch-150 strands / inch, and the fabric reinforcing layer is treated with a special silane coupling agent to improve the adhesion with the rubber layer, and the outer surface of the fabric reinforcing layer is coated with a waterproof and breathable film, which is used to prevent water from entering and ensure gas exchange.

[0015] The wear-resistant protective layer is wrapped on the outer surface of the waterproof and breathable film, the wear-resistant protective layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene blended material, the thickness is 2mm-3mm, the mass ratio of polytetrafluoroethylene to ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene in the blended material is 1:4, the outer surface of the wear-resistant protective layer has a micro-texture structure, the micro-texture structure is a rhombic grid, the grid side length is 0.5mm-1mm, to improve the anti-skid performance and wear resistance.

[0016] Further, the shock-absorbing damping material is a high-molecular polymer damping material, the loss factor is between 0.5-0.8, and the damping performance can be kept stable within the temperature range of-40℃-120℃.

[0017] Further, the elastic rubber layer and the metal base are tightly combined through vulcanization process, the vulcanization temperature is 150℃-170℃, the vulcanization time is 30 minutes-60 minutes, and the pressure is 10MPa-15MPa.

[0018] Further, the aramid fiber and glass fiber of the fabric reinforcing layer are both filament fibers, the length is between 10mm-20mm, and the fibers are interwoven to form a stable net-like structure.

[0019] Further, the wear-resistant protective layer and the fabric reinforcing layer are attached by hot pressing process, the hot pressing temperature is 180℃-200℃, the hot pressing pressure is 8MPa-12MPa, and the hot pressing time is 20 seconds-40 seconds.

[0020] Further, a kind of automobile composite bushing and its manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: processing the metal base, first, the titanium alloy raw material is processed into a cylindrical metal base blank through forging and machining process, then a spiral groove with a depth of 0.5mm-1.5mm is machined on the outer surface of the metal base blank by numerical control machining equipment, then the spiral groove is filled with high molecular polymer damping material, then the two ends of the metal base are processed to form outwardly extending connecting lug parts, and a plurality of connecting holes are drilled on the connecting lug parts, and finally a threaded reinforcing coating is formed on the inner wall of the connecting hole by electroplating process;

[0022] S2: forming the elastic rubber layer, blending silicone rubber and polyurethane rubber according to the mass ratio of 3:7, adding 3%-5% of conductive carbon fiber with a diameter of 5-10μm in terms of the total mass of the rubber layer, mixing in the internal mixer at 100-120℃ for 20-30 minutes, and then coating the rubber material on the processed metal base through extrusion process to form an elastic rubber layer with a thickness of 4-6mm, and at the same time, an annular rib structure is arranged on the extrusion die to form an annular rib with a height of 1-2mm and an adjacent pitch of 3-5mm on the outer surface of the elastic rubber layer, and then the metal base with the coated rubber layer is placed in the vulcanization equipment and vulcanized at 150-170℃ for 30-60 minutes under a pressure of 10-15MPa;

[0023] S3: the fabric reinforcing layer is attached to the surface of the elastic rubber layer, aramid fiber and glass fiber are blended into filament fiber according to the mass ratio of 4:6, the fiber length is between 10-20mm, and the warp and weft density is 100-150 / inch, then the blended fiber fabric is treated with silane coupling agent, and after treatment, the fabric is attached to the outer side of the vulcanized elastic rubber layer through the gluing process, the gluing amount is 80-120g / m 2 -120g / m 2 , and a waterproof and breathable film is formed on the outer surface of the fabric reinforcing layer by spraying process;

[0024] S4: forming the wear-resistant protective layer, blending polytetrafluoroethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene according to the mass ratio of 1:4, and then forming the blended material into a wear-resistant protective layer with a thickness of 2-3mm by injection molding process, setting a rhombic grid micro-texture structure on the injection molding die, and the grid side length is 0.5-1mm, then the formed wear-resistant protective layer is attached to the outer side of the fabric reinforcing layer by hot pressing process, the hot pressing temperature is 180-200℃, the hot pressing pressure is 8-12MPa, and the hot pressing time is 20-40 seconds.

[0025] Further, in S1, the forging ratio of the forging process is controlled at 5-8, and the cutting parameters of the machining process are set according to the size accuracy requirements of the metal base to ensure the processing accuracy and surface quality of the metal base.

[0026] Further, in S2, the rotor speed of the internal mixer is controlled at 40 rpm-60 rpm, and the extrusion speed of the extrusion process is adjusted according to the thickness of the rubber layer and the molding requirements of the annular ridge to ensure the quality uniformity and appearance quality of the elastic rubber layer.

[0027] Further, in S3, the treatment time of the silane coupling agent is 10 minutes-20 minutes, the treatment temperature is 80℃-100℃, the glue used in the gluing process is a rubber special glue, and the close fit between the fabric reinforcing layer and the elastic rubber layer is ensured by the rolling process in the fitting process.

[0028] Further, in S4, the injection speed of the injection molding process is 20cm 3 / s-30cm 3 / s, the holding time is 10 seconds-20 seconds, the heating rate of the hot pressing process is 10℃ / s-20℃ / s, and the cooling rate is 8℃ / s-15℃ / s, to ensure the molding quality of the wear-resistant protective layer and the close fit with the fabric reinforcing layer.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the technical solution are:

[0030] (1) The composite bushing of the present application combines the high strength of the metal matrix, the good shock absorption and buffering performance of the elastic rubber layer, the high strength and tear resistance of the fabric reinforcing layer, and the excellent wear resistance and slip resistance of the wear-resistant protective layer, and has good balance in mechanical properties such as tensile strength and compression modulus compared with traditional single material bushings, which not only has sufficient strength to support the connection and movement of various parts of the automobile, but also effectively buffers and absorbs vibration, significantly improving the overall performance and comfort of the automobile. For example, when applied in the automobile suspension system, it can effectively reduce the impact force of road bumps transmitted to the vehicle body, making the vehicle ride more smoothly and handle better.

[0031] (2) The elastic rubber layer uses a special rubber blend formula, combined with the high molecular polymer damping material filled in the internal spiral groove and the annular ridge structure on the outer surface, which exhibits excellent shock absorption efficiency in a wide temperature range, up to 85%-90%. This high-efficiency shock absorption performance can effectively reduce the vibration and noise generated by the engine running, uneven road surface and vehicle braking during driving, not only providing a quiet and comfortable environment for the driver and passengers, but also reducing the fatigue damage of other parts of the vehicle due to vibration, prolonging the service life of the vehicle and reducing maintenance costs.

[0032] (3) The polytetrafluoroethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene blended material of the wear-resistant protective layer and the rhombic grid-shaped micro-texture structure on the surface greatly improve the wear resistance of the bushing, with a wear amount of only 6-8 mg / 1000 cycles, which is significantly improved compared to traditional rubber bushings, and can adapt to long-term use of the automobile in various complex road conditions. At the same time, the conductive carbon fiber in the elastic rubber layer makes the bushing have good anti-static performance, with a surface resistance of 5x10^6-8x10^7Ω, effectively avoiding the interference and damage of static accumulation on the automobile electronic equipment, ensuring the stable operation of the automobile electronic system, and improving the safety and reliability of the automobile.

[0033] (4) The reasonable selection and special treatment of the materials of each layer make the composite bushing have excellent temperature resistance and can work normally in a wide temperature range of-40℃-120℃. The waterproof and breathable film outside the fabric reinforced layer and the corrosion resistance of the metal matrix make the bushing have good waterproof, dustproof and anti-corrosion ability, and can reliably operate in humid, dusty and other harsh environmental conditions, greatly improving the applicability of the automobile in different regions and climate conditions.

[0034] (5) Due to the optimized connection process between each layer, such as the vulcanization process of the elastic rubber layer and the metal matrix, the glue roller pressing process of the fabric reinforced layer and the elastic rubber layer, and the hot pressing process of the wear-resistant protective layer and the fabric reinforced layer, the overall structural stability of the composite bushing is extremely high. In the fatigue life test, it can reach 1.5x10^6-2x10^6 cycles, and the tear resistance is 120-150kN / m, which is much better than traditional rubber bushings. It can withstand various complex stresses and frequent dynamic load changes during long-term operation of the automobile, reducing the risk of failure caused by structural damage of the bushing, improving the operation reliability and durability of the automobile, and reducing the use cost and maintenance frequency of the automobile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A structure diagram of a composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof is provided.

[0036] Figure 2 A cross-sectional structure diagram of a composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof is provided.

[0037] Figure 3 A layered cross-sectional structure diagram of a composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof is provided.

[0038] Figure 4 A planar structure diagram of a composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof is provided.

[0039] Figure 5 An embodiment experimental data comparison table of a composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof according to the present application is provided.

[0040] Figure 6 A comparison table of experimental data of a composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof according to the present application and a traditional bushing is provided.

[0041] The names of the corresponding marks in the drawings are: 1, metal base; 2, elastic rubber layer; 3, fabric reinforcement layer; 4, waterproof and breathable film; 5, wear-resistant protective layer; 101, spiral groove; 102, connecting lug; 103, connecting hole; 201, annular convex rib; 501, micro-texture structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0043] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0044] Embodiment one:

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1-6 The present application provides a technical solution: a composite bushing for an automobile, which comprises a metal base 1 made of titanium alloy material, having good strength and corrosion resistance, and shaped as a cylinder, and a plurality of spiral grooves 101 are machined on the outer surface of the metal base 1 along the axial direction, the depth of the spiral grooves 101 is between 0.5mm and 1.5mm, and the spiral grooves 101 are filled with a damping material, which is a high-molecular polymer damping material, having a loss factor between 0.5 and 0.8, and being able to maintain stable damping performance in a wide temperature range of -40℃ to 120℃, effectively absorbing and dissipating vibration energy, and the two ends of the metal base 1 are provided with outwardly extending connecting lugs 102, and a plurality of connecting holes 103 are uniformly distributed on the connecting lugs 102, and a thread-reinforced coating is formed on the inner wall of the connecting holes 103 by an electroplating process, greatly enhancing the reliability of the connection, and facilitating stable connection with other parts of the automobile.

[0046] The elastic rubber layer 2 is coated outside the metal base 1, and is made of a blend of silicone rubber and polyurethane rubber in a mass ratio of 3:7, with a thickness of 4mm-6mm. The blended rubber combines the high temperature resistance and aging resistance of silicone rubber and the high elasticity and high strength of polyurethane rubber. The outer surface of the elastic rubber layer 2 has a plurality of equidistantly distributed annular ridges 201, with a height of 1mm-2mm and a spacing of 3mm-5mm between adjacent annular ridges 201. These annular ridges 201 help to further disperse and buffer external forces in different directions. At the same time, the elastic rubber layer 2 is uniformly dispersed with conductive carbon fiber filaments, with a diameter of 5μm-10μm and a mass fraction of 3%-5% of the total mass of the elastic rubber layer 2, which can effectively dissipate static electricity and avoid interference or damage to automotive electronic equipment caused by static electricity accumulation;

[0047] The fabric reinforcement layer 3 is attached to the outer side of the elastic rubber layer 2 and is made of a blend of aramid fiber and glass fiber in a mass ratio of 4:6, with a warp and weft density of 100 strands / inch-150 strands / inch. Both aramid fiber and glass fiber are long filament fibers with a length of 10mm-20mm. They are interwoven to form a stable network structure, greatly improving the overall strength and tear resistance of the bushing. The fabric reinforcement layer 3 is treated with a special silane coupling agent, with a treatment time of 10 minutes-20 minutes and a treatment temperature of 80℃-100℃, effectively improving the adhesion to the rubber layer and ensuring the cooperative work between the layers. The outer surface of the fabric reinforcement layer 3 is coated with a layer of waterproof and breathable membrane 4, which can prevent water from entering the bushing and causing a decrease in material performance, and also ensure gas exchange and maintain the stability of the bushing under different environmental conditions;

[0048] The outermost layer is the wear-resistant protective layer 5, which is made of a blend of polytetrafluoroethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene in a mass ratio of 1:4, with a thickness of 2mm-3mm. This blended material has excellent wear resistance and self-lubricating properties. Its outer surface has a micro-textured structure 501 in the form of a rhombic grid with a grid length of 0.5mm-1mm. This micro-textured structure 501 significantly improves the anti-skid performance and wear resistance, effectively prolonging the service life of the bushing and enabling it to adapt to various road conditions during vehicle operation;

[0049] The elastic rubber layer 2 and the metal base 1 are tightly combined through a vulcanization process, with a vulcanization temperature of 150℃-170℃, a vulcanization time of 30 minutes-60 minutes, and a pressure of 10MPa-15MPa. During the vulcanization process, the rubber molecules react with the surface of the metal base 1 to form a firm chemical bond, ensuring that the elastic rubber layer 2 does not peel off or slip from the metal base 1 during long-term use;

[0050] The fabric reinforcement layer 3 and the elastic rubber layer 2 are connected using a gluing process, with a glue application amount of 80g / m 2 -120g / m2 And through the rolling process to ensure the close fit, the glue process using rubber special glue, can form a good bonding interface between the fabric reinforcement layer 3 and the elastic rubber layer 2, the rolling process further eliminates the air and gap between the two layers, so that the two layers are closely attached, and bear the external force together;

[0051] The wear-resistant protective layer 5 and the fabric reinforcement layer 3 are attached by hot pressing process, the hot pressing temperature is 180-200℃, the hot pressing pressure is 8-12MPa, and the hot pressing time is 20-40 seconds. The hot pressing process makes the blended material of the wear-resistant protective layer 5 fully fuse with the surface of the fabric reinforcement layer 3 under high temperature and high pressure, forming a stable bonding layer, ensuring that the wear-resistant protective layer 5 can effectively protect the internal structure, and itself can also be firmly attached to the surface of the bushing;

[0052] A kind of composite bushing for automobile and its manufacturing method, first titanium alloy raw material is made into cylindrical metal matrix 1 blank by forging and machining process, the forging ratio of forging process is controlled at 5-8, by reasonably controlling the forging ratio, the internal structure of titanium alloy is more dense and uniform, improve the comprehensive performance of metal matrix 1, the cutting parameters of machining process are optimized according to the dimensional accuracy requirements of metal matrix 1, such as selecting appropriate cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth, to ensure the machining accuracy and surface quality of metal matrix 1, ensure the forming precision of subsequent spiral groove 101 processing and connecting lug 102 and connecting hole 103, then the spiral groove 101 with a depth of 0.5-1.5mm is machined on the outer surface of metal matrix 1 blank by numerical control machining equipment, then the spiral groove 101 is filled with high polymer polymer damping material, then the two ends of metal matrix 1 are processed to form outwardly extending connecting lug 102, and multiple connecting holes 103 are drilled on the connecting lug 102, finally, a threaded reinforcing coating is formed on the inner wall of the connecting hole 103 by electroplating process to enhance the reliability of the connection;

[0053] The elastic rubber layer 2 is formed by blending silicone rubber and polyurethane rubber in a mass ratio of 3:7, adding 3%-5% of conductive carbon fiber filaments with a diameter of 5-10 microns in terms of the total mass of the rubber layer, mixing in a mixer at 100-120°C for 20-30 minutes, controlling the rotor speed of the mixer at 40-60 rpm, and precisely controlling the mixing temperature, time and rotor speed to fully mix the rubber material and conductive carbon fiber filaments. After uniform mixing, the rubber material is coated on the processed metal substrate 1 through an extrusion process to form an elastic rubber layer 2 with a thickness of 4-6 mm. The extrusion speed of the extrusion process is adjusted according to the thickness of the rubber layer and the forming requirements of the annular ridge 201 to ensure the uniformity and appearance quality of the elastic rubber layer 2. At the same time, the annular ridge 201 structure is set on the extrusion die to form an annular ridge 201 on the outer surface of the elastic rubber layer 2 with a height of 1-2 mm and an adjacent spacing of 3-5 mm. Then the rubber-coated metal substrate 1 is placed in a vulcanization device and vulcanized at 150-170°C for 30-600 minutes under a pressure of 10-15 MPa to tightly bond the elastic rubber layer 2 with the metal substrate 1.

[0054] The fabric reinforcing layer 3 is attached to the surface of the elastic rubber layer 2 by blending aramid fibers and glass fibers in a mass ratio of 4:6 to form long filament fibers with a fiber length of 10-20 mm and a warp and weft density of 100-150 per inch. Then the blended fabric is treated with a silane coupling agent for 10-20 minutes at 80-100°C. The silane coupling agent can improve the chemical activity of the fiber surface and improve the adhesion to the rubber layer. After treatment, the fabric is attached to the outer side of the vulcanized elastic rubber layer 2 through a gluing process with a glue amount of 80-120 g / m 2 -120g / m 2 . The glue used in the gluing process is a rubber-specific glue, and the gluing process ensures the tightness of the fabric reinforcing layer 3 and the elastic rubber layer 2 by rolling process, eliminating air and gaps, and forming a good composite structure. After attaching, a waterproof and breathable membrane 4 is formed on the outer surface of the fabric reinforcing layer 3 through a spraying process to protect the internal structure from water erosion and maintain gas exchange;

[0055] The wear-resistant protective layer 5 is formed and fixed by blending polytetrafluoroethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene in a mass ratio of 1:4 and then forming the blended material into a wear-resistant protective layer 5 with a thickness of 2-3 mm through an injection molding process. The injection molding speed of the injection molding process is 20-30 cm 3 / s-30cm 3 / s, the holding time is 10-20 seconds, by precisely controlling the injection molding parameters, the forming quality and dimensional accuracy of the wear-resistant protective layer 5 are ensured, a rhombus grid micro-texture structure 501 is arranged on the injection mold, the grid side length is 0.5-1mm, then the formed wear-resistant protective layer 5 is attached to the outside of the fabric reinforcing layer 3 through a hot pressing process, the hot pressing temperature is 180-200 DEG C, the hot pressing pressure is 8-12 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 20-40 seconds, the hot pressing process makes the wear-resistant protective layer 5 and the fabric reinforcing layer 3 firmly combined to form a complete composite bushing for automobile.

[0056] Example two:

[0057] Please refer to Figures 1-6 , the application provides a technical scheme: a composite bushing for automobile and a manufacturing method thereof, selecting a suitable specification of titanium alloy raw material, forging according to a forging ratio of 5 to obtain a preliminarily formed metal base 1 blank; then using a high-precision numerical control lathe, setting the cutting speed to 80 m / min, the feed amount to 0.1 mm / r, and the cutting depth to 0.5 mm, a cylindrical metal base 1 is processed, and a spiral groove 101 with a depth of 0.5 mm is processed on the outer surface; the high polymer polymer damping material is filled into the spiral groove 101, then the connecting lug 102 is processed at both ends of the metal base 1, and the connecting hole 103 with a diameter of 8 mm is drilled, and finally a threaded reinforcing coating with a thickness of 0.05 mm is formed on the inner wall of the connecting hole 103 through an electroplating process;

[0058] The silicon rubber 30 kg and the polyurethane rubber 70 kg are weighed and put into a mixer, 3 kg of conductive carbon fiber with a diameter of 5 μm is added, and mixing is carried out at 100 DEG C for 20 minutes at a rotor speed of 40 rpm; after uniform mixing, the rubber material is coated on the metal base 1 through an extruder at an extrusion speed of 20 mm / s to form an elastic rubber layer 2 with a thickness of 4 mm, and the extrusion die forms annular ridges 201 on the outer surface of the elastic rubber layer 2, with a height of 1 mm and an adjacent spacing of 3 mm; the metal base 1 coated with the rubber layer is placed in a vulcanization device, and vulcanization is carried out at 150 DEG C for 30 minutes under a pressure of 10 MPa;

[0059] The aramid fiber and the glass fiber are blended into filament fibers according to a mass ratio of 4:6, the fiber length is 10 mm, and the warp and weft density is 100 threads / inch; the blended fiber fabric is treated with a silane coupling agent at 80 DEG C for 10 minutes, then the fabric is attached to the outside of the elastic rubber layer 2 using rubber special glue with a glue coating amount of 80 g / m 2 , the coating tightness is ensured through a rolling process, and finally the waterproof and breathable film 4 is sprayed on the outer surface of the fabric reinforcing layer 3;

[0060] After blending polytetrafluoroethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene according to a mass ratio of 1:4, the mixture is injected into an injection molding machine at a speed of 20 cm3 The injection molding speed of 10 / s and the pressure maintaining time of 10 seconds are used to shape the blended material into the wear-resistant protective layer 5 with a thickness of 2 mm, the injection mold is used to form the rhombic grid micro-texture structure 501 on the outer surface of the wear-resistant protective layer 5, and the grid side length is 0.5 mm; the shaped wear-resistant protective layer 5 is attached to the outer side of the fabric reinforcing layer 3 through a hot pressing process, the hot pressing temperature is 180 DEG C, the hot pressing pressure is 8 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 20 seconds.

[0061] Example three:

[0062] Please refer to Figures 1-6 The application provides a technical scheme of a composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof, titanium alloy raw materials are selected, the forging ratio is 8, a numerical control machining center is used after forging, the cutting speed is 120 m / min, the feed amount is 0.2 mm / r, the cutting depth is 1 mm, a cylindrical metal base body 1 is processed, a spiral groove 101 with a depth of 1.5 mm is processed on the outer surface, after filling a high polymer damping material, connecting lug portions 102 are processed at both ends of the metal base body 1 and connecting holes 103 with a diameter of 10 mm are drilled, a threaded reinforcing coating is formed through electroplating, and the thickness is 0.1 mm.

[0063] Silicone rubber 30 kg, polyurethane rubber 70 kg and 5 kg of conductive carbon fiber filaments with a diameter of 10 um are put into a mixing mill, and are mixed at 120 DEG C for 30 minutes at a rotor speed of 60 rpm; the metal base body 1 is coated on an extruder to form an elastic rubber layer 2 with a thickness of 6 mm at an extrusion speed of 30 mm / s, the annular convex rib 201 has a height of 2 mm and an adjacent interval of 5 mm; vulcanization is carried out at 170 DEG C for 60 minutes under a pressure of 15 MPa;

[0064] The aramid fiber and the glass fiber are blended into filament fibers with a length of 20 mm and a warp and weft density of 150 per inch; the silane coupling agent is treated at 100 DEG C for 20 minutes, and the rubber special glue is used to spray 120 g / m 2 The fabric reinforcing layer 3 is attached to the outer side of the elastic rubber layer 2 by gluing, and roller pressing is used to ensure the tightness and spray a waterproof and breathable film 4;

[0065] After polytetrafluoroethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene are blended, an injection molding machine is used to shape the wear-resistant protective layer 5 with a thickness of 3 mm at an injection molding speed of 30 cm 3 / s and a pressure maintaining time of 20 seconds, and the grid side length of the micro-texture structure 501 is 1 mm; the hot pressing process parameters are 200 DEG C, 12 MPa and 40 seconds, and the wear-resistant protective layer 5 is attached to the outer side of the fabric reinforcing layer 3;

[0066] By comparison Figure 5The performance test table of the composite bushing for automobiles manufactured in Embodiment Two and Embodiment Three shows that, in the tensile strength (MPa), the tensile strength of Embodiment Two is 390 MPa, and the tensile strength of Embodiment Three is 410 MPa. The tensile strength reflects the ability of the bushing to resist deformation and fracture when subjected to axial tension. In Embodiment Three, the metal matrix 1 has a forging ratio of 8, which is higher than the forging ratio of 5 in Embodiment Two. This makes the internal structure of the titanium alloy more dense and uniform, providing a better strength foundation for the whole. At the same time, in Embodiment Three, the content of conductive carbon fiber filaments in the rubber layer reaches 5 kg (diameter 10 μm). The relatively large amount of carbon fiber filaments in the rubber matrix plays a certain reinforcing role, thereby synergistically improving the overall tensile strength.

[0067] In the compression modulus (MPa), the compression modulus of Embodiment Two is 1650 MPa, and the compression modulus of Embodiment Three is 1750 MPa. The compression modulus reflects the ability of the material to resist elastic deformation under compression load. The higher the value, the smaller the deformation under the same compression force.

[0068] In the shock absorption efficiency (%), the shock absorption efficiency of Embodiment Two reaches 88%, and the shock absorption efficiency of Embodiment Three is 86%. The shock absorption efficiency indicates the ability of the bushing to absorb and dissipate vibration energy. The higher the value, the better the shock absorption effect. Shock absorption mainly depends on the elastic rubber layer 2 and the high polymer damping material filled in the spiral groove 101 of the metal matrix 1. In Embodiment Two, the mixing conditions (100°C, 40 rpm rotor speed mixing for 20 minutes) and vulcanization conditions (150°C vulcanization for 30 minutes) of the rubber layer may make the internal microstructure of the rubber more conducive to energy absorption and dissipation, such as the arrangement of rubber molecular chains and the degree of crosslinking being more suitable for shock absorption. In addition, the filling effect of the damping material in the spiral groove 101 and the synergistic effect with the rubber layer in Embodiment Two may perform better in this test, which comprehensively leads to a slightly higher shock absorption efficiency than Embodiment Two.

[0069] In the wear resistance (wear amount, mg / 1000 cycles), the wear amount of Embodiment Two is 7 mg / 1000 cycles, and the wear amount of Embodiment Three is 6 mg / 1000 cycles. This indicator directly reflects the wear resistance of the bushing during friction. The smaller the wear amount, the better the wear resistance. In Embodiment Three, the injection molding process parameters (injection speed 30 cm / s, holding time 20 seconds) and hot pressing process parameters (hot pressing temperature 200°C, hot pressing pressure 12 MPa, hot pressing time 40 seconds) of the wear-resistant protective layer 5 may make the polytetrafluoroethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene blended material form a more dense and uniform structure during molding. The diamond grid micro-texture structure 501 (grid side length 1 mm) on the outer surface may have better wear resistance and anti-wear stability in Embodiment Three, thereby effectively reducing the wear amount. 3

[0070] ​In the antistatic performance (surface resistance, Ω), the surface resistance of Example Two is 6×10^6 Ω, and that of Example Three is 7×10^7 Ω. The lower the surface resistance value, the better the conductive performance of the material, and the more conducive to the dissipation of static electricity. The antistatic performance is mainly determined by the conductive carbon fiber filaments in the elastic rubber layer 2. In Example Two, the diameter of the carbon fiber filaments is 5 μm, and the content is 3 kg. Compared with Example Three, the distribution density and conductive network construction in the rubber layer are different, which enables Example Two to form a more effective conductive path, resulting in lower surface resistance and better antistatic performance.

[0071] In the temperature resistance range (℃), both examples can maintain no obvious performance change within the range of -40-120℃, which indicates that the composite bushing has good stability within the designed temperature resistance interval. This is due to the selection of materials and the design of the composite structure. The titanium alloy of the metal matrix 1 has good temperature resistance. The silicon rubber and polyurethane rubber blended rubber used in the elastic rubber layer 2 has good temperature resistance and aging resistance. The two blended rubbers can maintain stable performance within a wide temperature range. The materials and processes of the fabric reinforcement layer 3 and the wear-resistant protective layer 5 also ensure that the structure will not be damaged or the performance will not decrease significantly due to temperature changes within this temperature range. The good combination between the layers further ensures the collaborative working ability of the overall structure at different temperatures.

[0072] In the fatigue life (cycle times), the fatigue life of Example Two is 1.6×10^6 cycles, and that of Example Three is 1.8×10^6 cycles. Fatigue life reflects the number of cycles that the bushing can withstand under the action of repeated loading and unloading cyclic stress, which is an important indicator of the durability of the bushing. In Example Three, the metal matrix 1 is forged with a forging ratio of 8 and a specific machining process, resulting in fewer internal defects and a more uniform and stable structure, which can better withstand cyclic stress. At the same time, the bonding strength and synergy between the layers also play a key role in the fatigue process.

[0073] In the tear resistance (kN / m), the tear resistance of Example Two is 130 kN / m, and that of Example Three is 140 kN / m. Tear resistance represents the material's ability to resist tearing damage, which is crucial for the bushing to maintain structural integrity in complex stress environments. The fabric reinforcement layer 3 is made of aramid fiber and glass fiber, and the properties of the fibers, the blending ratio, the warp and weft density, and the combination with the rubber layer significantly affect the tear resistance. In Example Three, the fiber length is 20 mm, and the warp and weft density is 150 roots / inch. Compared with Example Two, it has a tighter fiber structure, and after silane coupling agent treatment (100℃ treatment for 20 minutes) and gluing and bonding process (rubber special glue, gluing amount 120 g / m 2 ), the combination with the rubber layer is more firm, which can more effectively prevent the expansion of tearing cracks, thereby improving the tear resistance.

[0074] In waterproof performance (permeation pressure, MPa), the waterproof permeation pressure of example two is 0.6 MPa, and that of example three is 0.7 MPa, which measures the ability of the bushing to prevent water permeation, and the higher the permeation pressure, the better the waterproof performance;

[0075] In the bonding strength (MPa) with adjacent components, the bonding strength of example two with adjacent components is 9 MPa, and that of example three is 10 MPa, which affects the reliability and stability of the connection of the bushing with other components of the automobile, and good bonding strength can ensure effective force transmission and cooperative work of the overall structure during the operation of the automobile;

[0076] In the fatigue life (times) of the bushing, the fatigue life of the composite bushing is 1.5 million times, which is slightly lower than that of the metal bushing but higher than that of the rubber bushing, and the composite bushing can maintain good performance stability during long-term use. Figure 6 In the fatigue life (times) of the bushing, the fatigue life of the composite bushing is 1.5 million times, which is slightly lower than that of the metal bushing but higher than that of the rubber bushing, and the composite bushing can maintain good performance stability during long-term use.

[0077] Therefore, the composite bushing performs excellently in strength, shock absorption performance, wear resistance, anti-static performance, and corrosion resistance, and can meet the use requirements of the automobile under various complex working conditions, effectively improving the overall performance, comfort, and safety of the automobile.

[0078] The above-described is only an embodiment of the present application, and well-known specific technical solutions or characteristics in the scheme are not described in detail. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solutions of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application, and these will not affect the effect and practicality of the present application. The protection scope of the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A composite bushing for an automobile, characterized by: The utility model provides a kind of waterproof and breathable fabric, including metal matrix (1), the outer surface of metal matrix (1) is equipped with elastic rubber layer (2), the outer side of elastic rubber layer (2) is equipped with fabric reinforcing layer (3), the outer surface of fabric reinforcing layer (3) is equipped with waterproof and breathable membrane (4), the outer surface of waterproof and breathable membrane (4) is equipped with wear-resistant protective layer (5); The metal matrix (1) is made of titanium alloy, the metal matrix (1) is in cylindrical structure, the outer surface of the metal matrix (1) is provided with spiral grooves (101) along the axial direction, the spiral grooves (101) are filled with damping material, and the both ends of the metal matrix (1) are provided with outwardly extending connecting lugs (102), a plurality of connecting holes (103) are uniformly arranged on the connecting lugs (102), and the inner wall of the connecting holes (103) is provided with a thread-reinforced coating to enhance the reliability of the connection. The elastic rubber layer (2) is coated on the outer surface of the metal matrix (1), and is made of a blended rubber of silicone rubber and polyurethane rubber, wherein the mass ratio of silicone rubber to polyurethane rubber is 3:7, the outer surface of the elastic rubber layer (2) has a plurality of equidistantly distributed annular ribs (201), and the elastic rubber layer (2) is uniformly dispersed with conductive carbon fiber filaments, and the mass fraction of the conductive carbon fiber filaments accounts for 3%-5% of the total mass of the rubber layer, for dissipating static electricity. The fabric reinforcing layer (3) is attached to the outer surface of the elastic rubber layer (2), and is made of aramid fiber and glass fiber, and the mass ratio of aramid fiber to glass fiber is 4:6, and the fabric reinforcing layer (3) is treated with a special silane coupling agent to improve the adhesion to the rubber layer, and the outer surface of the fabric reinforcing layer (3) is coated with a waterproof and breathable membrane (4) for preventing water from entering and ensuring gas exchange. The wear-resistant protective layer (5) is wrapped on the outer surface of the waterproof and breathable membrane (4), and is made of a blended material of polytetrafluoroethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and the mass ratio of polytetrafluoroethylene to ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene in the blended material is 1:4, and the outer surface of the wear-resistant protective layer (5) has a micro-textured structure (501) in the form of a rhombic grid to improve the anti-skid performance and wear resistance.

2. The composite bushing for an automobile according to claim 1, characterized by: The damping material filled in the spiral grooves (101) is a high-molecular polymer damping material, and has a loss factor of 0.5-0.8 and stable damping performance in a temperature range of -40℃-120℃.

3. The composite bushing for an automobile as set forth in claim 1, characterized by: The elastic rubber layer (2) and the metal matrix (1) are tightly combined through a vulcanization process, and the vulcanization temperature is 150℃-170℃, the vulcanization time is 30 minutes-60 minutes, and the pressure is 10MPa-15MPa.

4. The composite bushing for an automobile as set forth in claim 1, characterized by: The aramid fiber and glass fiber of the fabric reinforcing layer (3) are both filament fibers, and the fibers are interwoven to form a stable network structure.

5. The composite bushing for an automobile as set forth in claim 1, characterized by: The wear-resistant protective layer (5) and the fabric reinforcing layer (3) are bonded by hot pressing process, the hot pressing temperature is 180-200 DEG C, the hot pressing pressure is 8-12 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 20-40 seconds.

6. A method of manufacturing a composite bushing for an automobile, characterized by: It comprises the following steps: S1: processing the metal base (1), first, the titanium alloy raw material is processed into a cylindrical metal base (1) blank by forging and machining process, then a spiral groove (101) with a depth of 0.5-1.5 mm is machined on the outer surface of the metal base (1) blank by numerical control machining equipment, then the spiral groove (101) is filled with high polymer damping material, then the two ends of the metal base (1) are processed to form outwardly extending connecting ears (102), and a plurality of connecting holes (103) are drilled on the connecting ears (102), and finally a threaded reinforcing coating is formed on the inner wall of the connecting hole (103) by electroplating process; S2: forming the elastic rubber layer (2), blending silicone rubber and polyurethane rubber according to the mass ratio of 3:7, adding 3-5% of conductive carbon fiber with a diameter of 5-10 microns in terms of the total mass of the rubber layer, mixing in the internal mixer at 100-120 DEG C for 20-30 minutes, and then coating the rubber material on the processed metal base (1) by extrusion process to form an elastic rubber layer (2) with a thickness of 4-6 mm, and at the same time, an annular rib (201) structure is arranged on the extrusion die to form an annular rib (201) with a height of 1-2 mm and an adjacent spacing of 3-5 mm on the outer surface of the elastic rubber layer (2), then the metal base (1) with the rubber layer is placed in the vulcanizing equipment and vulcanized at 150-170 DEG C for 30-60 minutes under a pressure of 10-15 MPa; S3: make the fabric reinforcement layer (3) fit on the surface of the elastic rubber layer (2), mix aramid fiber and glass fiber into filament fiber according to the mass ratio of 4:6, the fiber length is between 10mm-20mm, the warp and weft density is 100-150 per inch, then the mixed fiber fabric is treated by silane coupling agent, after treatment, the fabric is attached to the outside of the vulcanized elastic rubber layer (2) by gluing process, the amount of glue is 80g / m 2 -120g / m 2 , after fitting, a waterproof and breathable film (4) is formed on the outer surface of the fabric reinforcement layer (3) by spraying process; S4: forming the wear-resistant protective layer (5), blending polytetrafluoroethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene according to the mass ratio of 1:4, and then forming the blended material into a wear-resistant protective layer (5) with a thickness of 2-3 mm by injection molding process, setting a rhombic grid micro-texture structure (501) on the injection mold, and the grid side length is 0.5-1 mm, then the formed wear-resistant protective layer (5) is bonded to the outside of the fabric reinforcing layer (3) by hot pressing process, the hot pressing temperature is 180-200 DEG C, the hot pressing pressure is 8-12 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 20-40 seconds.

7. The composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof according to claim 6, characterized by: In S1, the forging ratio of the forging process is controlled at 5-8, and the cutting parameters of the machining process are set according to the dimensional accuracy requirements of the metal base (1) to ensure the machining accuracy and surface quality of the metal base (1).

8. The composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof according to claim 6, characterized by: In S2, the rotor speed of the internal mixer is controlled at 40-60 rpm, and the extrusion speed of the extrusion process is adjusted according to the thickness of the rubber layer and the forming requirements of the annular rib (201) to ensure the uniformity and appearance quality of the elastic rubber layer (2).

9. The composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof according to claim 6, characterized by: In S3, the treatment time of the silane coupling agent is 10-20 minutes, the treatment temperature is 80-100°C, the glue used in the gluing process is a rubber special glue, and the close fit between the fabric reinforcing layer (3) and the elastic rubber layer (2) is ensured by the rolling process in the fitting process.

10. The composite bushing for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof according to claim 6, characterized by: In S4, the injection speed of the injection molding process is 20 cm 3 / s-30 cm 3 / s, the holding time is 10 seconds-20 seconds, the heating rate of the hot-pressing process is 10℃ / s-20℃ / s, and the cooling rate is 8℃ / s-15℃ / s, so as to ensure the forming quality of the wear-resistant protective layer (5) and the fitting effect with the fabric reinforcing layer (3).

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