Electric energy error test system based on intelligent measurement switch

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric energy error testing system based on an intelligent measurement switch, and relates to the technical field of electric energy testing, the system comprises the intelligent measurement switch and an upper computer, the intelligent measurement switch comprises a sampling module, a processing module, a signal shunting and calibration module and a communication module, the upper computer is a data processing center, and the sampling module is connected with the processing module. Comprising a data receiving module, a decryption and analysis module and a display and storage module, and can automatically switch shunting paths and calibration parameters according to different current and voltage levels through a multi-layer nested signal shunting and calibration module in the electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measurement switch; limitation of a fixed circuit structure of a traditional device is effectively overcome, a low-range shunt path and adaptive calibration parameters are started in low current and voltage, weak electric energy signal changes are accurately captured, measurement errors are reduced, and for a high current and voltage scene, a large current shunt path and corresponding calibration parameters are switched to stably cope with large signal impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric energy testing, and in particular to an electric energy error testing system based on an intelligent measuring switch. Background Art

[0002] In modern power systems, electric energy is the main form of energy, and its precise measurement and error testing play a vital role in the reliability, economy and fairness of power supply. Accurate electric energy error testing can ensure the accuracy of electric energy meter measurement, avoid disputes between power companies and users caused by metering errors, and also help optimize the operation and fault diagnosis of power systems.

[0003] However, in the face of an increasingly complex power environment, the existing power error test technology uses a fixed circuit structure to process power signals, lacks the ability to adapt to different current and voltage levels, and does not take into account the particularity of power error test data. It lacks effective encryption and anti-tampering mechanisms, which makes the power error test data face the risk of being stolen and tampered with during transmission, seriously affecting the authenticity and reliability of the data, and further leading to misjudgment of the accuracy of power metering, affecting the normal operation and management decisions of the power system.

[0004] In summary, the existing power error test technology is difficult to meet the strict requirements of modern power systems for power metering accuracy and data security. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative power error test system based on intelligent measurement switches that can adapt to different current and voltage conditions while ensuring safe and reliable data transmission. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an electric energy error test system based on an intelligent measurement switch. The system adopts a multi-layer nested signal shunt and calibration module, which can automatically switch the shunt path and calibration parameters under different current and voltage levels. The module and the data processing exchange data through a communication protocol with an encrypted transmission function to ensure the accuracy and security of the electric energy error test data during the transmission process.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an electric energy error test system based on an intelligent measuring switch, the system comprising an intelligent measuring switch and a host computer, the intelligent measuring switch comprising a sampling module, a processing module, a signal shunting and calibration module and a communication module, the host computer is a data processing center, comprising a data receiving module, a decryption and analysis module and a display and storage module, wherein:

[0007] The sampling module is used to collect electric energy data D, and the electric energy data D includes a current signal I(t) and a voltage signal U(t), wherein the current signal I(t) represents an instantaneous value of current that changes with time t, and the voltage signal U(t) represents an instantaneous value of voltage that changes with time t;

[0008] The processing module determines the current current and voltage levels according to the collected signals, analyzes the signals fed back by the signal shunting and calibration modules, and transmits the data to the host computer through the communication module;

[0009] The signal shunting and calibration module can automatically switch the shunting path and calibration parameters according to the different current and voltage level judgment results, and feed back the adjusted signal to the processing module. The shunting path switching is expressed in the form of S(U(t), I(t)). When U(t)×I(t)<P1, S(U(t), I(t))=1, and the first shunting path and the first calibration parameter set {C 11 , C 12 , …, C 1n}, when P 1 ≤U(t)×I(t)<P 2 When S(U(t), I(t))=2, the second shunt path and the second calibration parameter set {C 21 , C 22 , …, C 2m}, where P 1 , P 2 is the power threshold, n and m are the number of calibration parameters;

[0010] The communication module uses wireless communication technology to transmit data with the processing module and the host computer. The communication protocol is used in the data transmission process to protect the security of the data in transmission. The communication protocol is to establish a communication encryption rule for the security of data transmission between the intelligent measuring switch and the host computer. The encryption function of the encryption rule is E(D, k), where k is the encryption key. The transmitted electric energy data D is encrypted by the encryption function E(D, k) and then sent to the host computer;

[0011] The data receiving module is used to receive encrypted data transmitted by the intelligent measuring switch;

[0012] The decryption and analysis module is used to decrypt the encrypted data and perform in-depth analysis and processing of the electric energy error. When decrypting the data, a decryption function D=D(E(D, k), k corresponding to the encryption function E(D, k) is used. -1 ) to decrypt, where k -1 is a decryption key corresponding to the encryption key k, the electric energy error is the deviation between the actual electric energy measurement value and the true electric energy value, and the evaluation of the true electric energy value comprehensively considers active power, reactive power and apparent power;

[0013] The display and storage module visualizes the analysis results and stores data for query and statistics.

[0014] Furthermore, the sampling module includes a voltage sampling circuit and a current sampling circuit. The voltage sampling circuit adopts a resistor voltage-dividing sampling structure. The voltage-dividing resistors are R 1 , R 2 , the sampled voltage signal Among them U 0 (t) is the original voltage input signal;

[0015] The current sampling circuit adopts a Hall sensor, and the sensitivity of the Hall sensor is set to K H , the magnetic field strength is B(t), the current through the Hall sensor is I(t), then the sampled voltage signal V H (t) = K H B(t)I(t), by V H (t) is converted to obtain the current sampling value I(t), and the conversion relationship is:

[0016] Furthermore, the processing module determines the current and voltage levels by calculating the instantaneous power P(t)=U(t)×I(t), setting the power level division interval to [0, P 1 ),[P 1 , P 2 ),…,[P i , P i+1 ), where i = 1, 2, ..., when P(t) falls into the interval [0, P 1 ), it is determined to be a low power level, corresponding to the first shunt path and the first calibration parameter set;

[0017] When P(t) falls into the interval [P 1 , P 2 ), it is determined to be a medium power level, corresponding to the second shunt path and the second calibration parameter set, and so on, the boundary value P of the power level division interval i It is determined based on the statistical analysis of actual power data, that is, the number of statistical samples is N, and the power of the jth sample is P j , for P j After sorting, determine P according to the sample quantity distribution of different power ranges. i , so that the number of samples in each power level interval is relatively balanced, that is Where n i is the number of samples in the i-th power level interval, and δ is the sample number difference threshold.

[0018] Furthermore, the first shunt path of the signal shunt and calibration module includes a precision resistor R s1 and adjustable capacitor C s1 , the first calibration parameter set {C 11 , C 12 , …, C 1n C in} 11 is the precision resistor R s1 The temperature compensation coefficient is used, and the resistance value R is used when the ambient temperature T is not compensated. s1 (0), then the compensated resistance value R s1 (T) = R s1 (0)(1+C 11 T), C 12 is the adjustable capacitor C s1 The frequency response correction factor is based on the input signal frequency f. The capacitive reactance is not corrected. Corrected Capacitive Reactance

[0019] The second shunt path includes a parallel shunt resistor R p2 and inductor L p2 , the second calibration parameter set {C 21 , C 22 , …, C 2m C in} 21 is the shunt resistor R p2 The nonlinear correction coefficient, the current through the shunt resistor is I p2 The voltage across the two ends is U p2 , the resistance value without correction is R p2 (0), corrected resistance value C 22 is the inductance L p2 The magnetic saturation correction factor is calculated using the magnetic field strength B L (t), inductance value L without correction p2 (0), the corrected inductance value L p 2(B L (t)) = L p2 (0)(1-C 22 B L (t) 2 ).

[0020] Furthermore, the communication module adopts wireless communication technology, and sets the transmission power P of the wireless communication technology. t , receiving sensitivity S r , communication frequency f c , its communication distance d and transmission power P t , receiving sensitivity S r And the communication frequency f c The relationship is Where λ is the signal wavelength, α is the propagation loss coefficient, and by adjusting the transmission power P t and the communication frequency f c Adapt to different communication distance requirements.

[0021] Furthermore, the encryption function E(D, k) of the communication protocol in the communication module adopts a hybrid encryption method, which includes symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption, wherein the symmetric encryption obtains E by symmetric encryption of the data D. s (D,k s ), k s is a symmetric encryption key, which is generated by the intelligent measurement switch based on a pseudo-random number generator and is k s =PRNG(S 1 , S 2 , …, S m ), where S i is the seed value, including the device ID of the intelligent measurement switch, the current timestamp T s And the sampling period T c , that is, S 1 =ID,S 2 =T s , S 3 =T c , for the symmetric encryption key k s Perform asymmetric encryption, asymmetric encryption is E a (k s , k p ), where k p is the public key, generated by the host computer and transmitted to the intelligent measurement switch. The encrypted data E(D, k) = E a (E s (D,k s ), k p ).

[0022] Furthermore, the decryption and analysis module of the host computer calculates the active power of the electric energy after decrypting the data. Where T is the integration time period, I(t) represents the instantaneous value of the current signal changing with time t, U(t) represents the instantaneous value of the voltage signal changing with time t, and reactive power Apparent power The energy error Where P m The power value measured by the electric energy meter is compared with the standard value of electric energy error ΔE 0 Compare and judge whether the electric energy error range is within the normal range. The electric energy error standard value ΔE 0 It is determined based on the statistical analysis of electric energy data, that is, the statistical electric energy error sample is ΔEj , j = 1, 2, ..., J, for ΔE j After sorting, take the middle value in the confidence interval as ΔE 0 .

[0023] Furthermore, the processing module of the intelligent measuring switch performs self-diagnosis during operation, and the self-diagnosis cycle is T d , every T d The sampling module, signal shunting and calibration module, and communication module are tested for their functions. For the sampling module, a standard voltage signal U s (t) and standard current signal I s (t), check whether the sampling value is within the error range, and set the sampling error threshold to ε s ,when and When U′ s (t), I′ s (t) is the actual sampling value of the sampling module, then the sampling unit is judged to be faulty;

[0024] For the signal shunting and calibration module, check whether the shunting path switching function S(U(t), I(t)) is correctly switched and whether the calibration parameters are correctly applied, by comparing the actual switching results and the data differences before and after calibration;

[0025] For the communication module, whether the communication is normal is determined by sending test data and checking whether the received data is complete. When a fault is detected, a fault report is generated and a fault alarm information is sent to the host computer.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measurement switch has the following advantages:

[0027] Beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The multi-layer nested signal shunt and calibration module in the electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measurement switch of the present invention can automatically switch the shunt path and calibration parameters according to different current and voltage levels, effectively overcoming the limitations of the fixed circuit structure of traditional equipment. When the current and voltage are low, the low-range shunt path and adaptive calibration parameters are enabled to accurately capture the changes in weak electric energy signals and reduce measurement errors. For high current and voltage scenarios, it switches to the large current shunt path and corresponding calibration parameters to stably respond to large signal impacts and ensure that the measurement accuracy is not damaged. This broadens the system's adaptability to different power conditions, significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of electric energy error testing, and helps power companies improve their operational management level and ensure efficient and stable power supply.

[0029] 2. The communication protocol between the intelligent measuring switch and the host computer used in the present invention has a high-speed encrypted transmission function. This communication protocol uses an encryption algorithm to encrypt the power error test data, making the data highly secure during transmission, effectively resisting external interference and data tampering attempts, and ensuring the integrity and authenticity of the power error data transmitted from the intelligent measuring switch to the host computer.

[0030] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the power error test system based on the intelligent measuring switch;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the planar composition of the power error test system based on the intelligent measurement switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] This embodiment focuses on the specific application of the power error test system based on the intelligent measurement switch under low current and voltage conditions. Through the coordinated operation of various functional modules in the intelligent measurement switch, including the sampling module accurately collecting power data, the processing module accurately judging the current and voltage levels and coordinating the signal shunting and calibration modules to switch to the adaptive low-range parameter path, and the communication module using an encryption protocol to securely transmit data, the upper computer accurately calculates the power error after receiving and processing, which effectively improves the accuracy and reliability of the power error test in a low-power environment, and provides an efficient power monitoring and management solution for low-power power consumption scenarios such as small commercial office areas.

[0037] In the specific implementation, first, in the power monitoring scenario of a small commercial office area, an energy error test system based on an intelligent measuring switch is deployed for application. The intelligent measuring switch is installed in the distribution box of the area to ensure that the power data of all electrical equipment in the area can be fully and accurately collected. The host computer is placed in the power management and monitoring room, and seamless communication is achieved with the intelligent measuring switch through a stable and reliable network connection to build a complete power monitoring architecture. The intelligent measuring switch includes a sampling module, a processing module, a signal shunting and calibration module, and a communication module. The host computer is the data processing center, including a data receiving module, a decryption and analysis module, and a display and storage module. The sampling module is the front-end data acquisition unit of the system, which accurately obtains power data. It is closely composed of a voltage sampling circuit and a current sampling circuit. The voltage sampling circuit cleverly uses a resistor divider architecture to accurately set the divider resistor R 1 and R 2 The value of From the original voltage input signal U 0 The voltage signal U(t) is accurately separated from the sensor. In this process, the external interference and noise are effectively suppressed to ensure the stability and accuracy of the collected voltage signal. The current sampling circuit relies on the Hall effect principle of the Hall sensor. When the current I(t) flows through the sensor, a voltage signal V is generated at both ends of the sensor in a linear relationship with the current and magnetic field strength under the magnetic field strength B(t). H (t) = K H B(t)I(t), with the help of signal conditioning circuit and high-resolution analog-to-digital converter, according to the formula V H (t) is accurately converted into a digital signal I(t) representing the instantaneous value of the current. During the entire sampling process, the continuous self-calibration and environmental compensation mechanism operates in real time to dynamically correct the measurement deviation caused by temperature and magnetic field drift factors, ensure the high accuracy and high stability of current sampling, and transmit the data to the processing module to lay a solid data foundation for subsequent power error testing.

[0038] After receiving the voltage signal U(t) and current signal I(t) from the sampling module, the processing module quickly starts the instantaneous power calculation program and accurately solves the instantaneous power value according to the formula P(t)=U(t)×I(t). At the same time, its built-in precise power level judgment logic works closely according to the power level division interval. The interval division is based on the in-depth statistical analysis of the actual power data. When the calculated P(t) falls into the low power level interval [0, P 1), the processing module issues an instruction to the signal shunt and calibration module to switch to the first shunt path and the first calibration parameter set, ensuring that the system is optimally configured for low current and voltage conditions, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the system response, and adapting to the detailed processing requirements of power data in low-power scenarios. After receiving the instruction from the processing module, the signal shunt and calibration module activates the first shunt path and the corresponding calibration parameter set. In the first shunt path, the precision resistor R s1 With adjustable capacitor C s1 The core structure consists of precision resistor R s1 With its precise temperature compensation coefficient C 11 , according to the formula R s1 (T) = R s1 (0)(1+C 11 T), dynamically compensate the resistance value at different ambient temperatures T, effectively eliminate the resistance fluctuation caused by temperature changes, ensure the high stability and accuracy of current signal shunt, and adjust the capacitance C s1 With the frequency response correction factor C 12 , according to the formula The capacitive reactance characteristics are precisely adjusted for electric energy signals of different frequencies, effectively correcting the frequency response deviation during signal transmission, improving signal quality and measurement accuracy. The electric energy signals that have undergone fine shunting and calibration are accurately fed back to the processing module, providing a high-fidelity signal source for subsequent analysis, processing and data transmission, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the system's electric energy signal processing under low current and voltage conditions.

[0039] The processing module transmits the electric energy data processed by the signal shunting and calibration modules to the communication module. The communication module builds a stable communication link based on wireless communication technology. To ensure the security and integrity of data transmission, a communication encryption protocol is implemented. The encryption function E(D, k) at the core of the protocol adopts a hybrid encryption strategy that combines symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption. In the symmetric encryption link, the pseudo-random number generator built into the intelligent measurement switch is used to generate the device ID and the current timestamp T. s And the sampling period T c is the seed value, based on k s =PRNG(S 1 , S 2 , …, S m )(where S 1 =ID,S 2 =T s , S 3 =T c ) Generate a symmetric encryption key k s , efficiently encrypt the electric energy data D and generate the ciphertext E s (D,k s ); Asymmetric encryption process, using the public key k pre-assigned by the host computerp , for the symmetric encryption key k s Implement encryption and finally generate encrypted data E(D, k) = E a (E s (D,k s ), k p ). During the entire data transmission process, the communication protocol specifications are strictly followed, and the wireless communication frequency band and power adaptation strategy are used to optimize the transmission efficiency, reduce the bit error rate, and enhance the anti-interference performance, ensuring that the encrypted power data is safely, stably and efficiently delivered to the host computer, effectively resisting the risk of data theft and tampering, and ensuring the reliable transmission of power data under low current and voltage conditions.

[0040] The data receiving module of the host computer always keeps the monitoring state, receives the electric energy data transmitted by the intelligent measuring switch after encryption, and immediately starts the decryption and analysis module. The module uses the decryption function D=D(E(D, k), k corresponding to the encryption function E(D, k) -1 ), using the decryption key k generated by the host computer private key -1 , perform reverse decryption on the encrypted data to restore the original power data, according to the active power formula and reactive power formula Carry out deep numerical integration operations and complex signal processing to accurately solve the active power P a and reactive power P r On this basis, according to the apparent power formula Calculate the apparent power P s , and further based on (where P m The electric energy error ΔE is calculated based on the power value measured by the electric energy meter. In the entire data processing process, noise interference is effectively suppressed, the accumulation of numerical calculation errors is eliminated, and abnormal data points are corrected in time to ensure the accuracy and credibility of the electric energy error calculation results. Finally, the display and storage module presents the power parameters and electric energy error results in an intuitive and clear visualization on the monitoring terminal screen, and based on strict data storage strategies and index architectures, the data is securely stored in a large-capacity, high-performance database, providing solid data support for subsequent data query, statistical analysis, trend forecasting and power management decision-making, and realizing efficient monitoring and precise management of electric energy errors under low current and voltage conditions.

[0041] To sum up, in this embodiment, the power error test system based on the intelligent measurement switch shows excellent performance under low current and voltage conditions in small commercial office areas, realizes accurate calculation and effective management of power errors, and provides highly reliable data basis for power system stability assessment, early fault warning and energy efficiency improvement strategy formulation.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] This embodiment focuses on demonstrating the excellent stability, reliability and data security of the power error test system based on the intelligent measurement switch under high current and voltage conditions. Through the precise coordination of the modules of the intelligent measurement switch in a high-power environment, including the stable collection of strong electric signals by the sampling module, the accurate identification of high power levels by the processing module and the switching of adaptation parameters by the command signal shunting and calibration modules, the reliable encryption and transmission of data by the communication module in strong electromagnetic interference, and the precise processing and analysis by the host computer, accurate power error monitoring and efficient management of high-power power consumption scenarios such as large industrial production workshops are achieved, which effectively guarantees the continuous and stable operation of industrial production and efficient use of energy.

[0044] In the specific implementation, the voltage sampling circuit and current sampling circuit of the sampling module operate stably under high current and voltage impact. The voltage sampling circuit is based on the formula From the original voltage U in the strong electric environment 0 (t) accurately collects the voltage signal U(t). The current sampling circuit uses a large current Hall sensor. According to the Hall effect principle, in a high magnetic field strength environment, the formula V H (t) = K H B(t)I(t) converts the large current I(t) into a voltage signal V H (t), and then through a high-gain, wide-band signal conditioning circuit and a high-speed analog-to-digital converter, according to the formula After receiving the sampled signal, the processing module quickly calculates the instantaneous power P(t) according to the formula P(t) = U(t) × I(t). Its built-in power level discrimination mechanism determines the power level interval boundary value P based on in-depth mining and analysis of industrial power data. i , when P(t) falls into the high power level interval [P 1 , P 2 ), the signal shunt and calibration module is immediately instructed to switch to the second shunt path and the second calibration parameter set, ensuring that the system adapts to high current and voltage conditions, achieving accurate adaptation from the signal processing front end, and ensuring the consistency and accuracy of the system's processing of high-power electric energy data, laying a key decision-making foundation for accurate monitoring of electric energy in complex industrial power environments. After receiving the command, the signal shunt and calibration module starts the second shunt path and parameter set, and the parallel shunt resistor R p2 With inductance L p2 plays a key role, the shunt resistor R p2 According to the nonlinear correction coefficient C 21 , according to the formula Real-time correction of nonlinear resistance changes under high current to ensure accurate shunt ratio, stable signal processing, inductance L p2 With the magnetic saturation correction factor C 22 , according to the formula L p2 (B L(t)) = L p2 (0)(1-C 22 B L (t) 2 ), accurately compensates for the magnetic saturation effect under high magnetic fields, optimizes signal transmission characteristics, and accurately feeds back the optimized shunted and calibrated electric energy signals to the processing module, improving the system's ability to process complex electric energy signals under high current and voltage, and ensuring the reliability of industrial production electric energy monitoring.

[0045] After the processed power data is sent to the communication module, it builds a robust transmission link with high-power wireless communication technology. Dynamically adjust the transmit power P t , communication frequency f c Adapt to the complex electromagnetic environment and transmission distance requirements of the workshop. At the same time, the communication protocol encryption process is started. The encryption function E(D, k) adopts a hybrid encryption method. Symmetric encryption generates a symmetric key k based on the device number, timestamp, and sampling period. s Encrypt the data to get E s (D,k s ), and then use the host computer public key k p Asymmetric encryption symmetric key, generate E(D, k) = E a (E s (D,k s ), k p ), this encryption and transmission coordination mechanism ensures data security, integrity, and low error transmission to the host computer in strong electromagnetic interference. After the host computer receives the encrypted data, the decryption and analysis module uses the corresponding decryption function D = D(E(D, k), k -1 ), k generated with the private key -1 Accurately decrypt, and then follow the formula Calculate power parameters and electric energy errors, and finally display and store data in a visual manner in the display and storage module, providing core data drive for workshop equipment maintenance, energy efficiency management, and production scheduling, improving the level of intelligent industrial production electric energy management, and ensuring stable, economical, and green operation of the production system under high power conditions.

[0046] In summary, this embodiment highlights the powerful performance of the system under high current and voltage conditions in large industrial workshops. The intelligent measurement switch closely coordinates all links from sampling, processing, shunt calibration to communication, and uses special circuits, precise algorithms, and optimized parameters to cope with complex working conditions and strong interference of high-power electricity. The host computer's deep data processing empowers production management. Long-term operation shows that the system is stable and reliable in high-power environments, data transmission is safe and error-free, and power error monitoring is accurate, laying a solid foundation for industrial energy conservation and consumption reduction, equipment health management, and production process optimization, and promoting industrial power management to advance towards intelligence and refinement.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. The electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measuring switch is characterized by: The system includes an intelligent measurement switch and a host computer. The intelligent measurement switch includes a sampling module, a processing module, a signal shunting and calibration module, and a communication module. The host computer is a data processing center, including a data receiving module, a decryption and analysis module, and a display and storage module, wherein: The sampling module is used to collect electric energy data D, and the electric energy data D includes a current signal I(t) and a voltage signal U(t), wherein the current signal I(t) represents an instantaneous value of current that changes with time t, and the voltage signal U(t) represents an instantaneous value of voltage that changes with time t; The processing module determines the current current and voltage levels according to the collected signals, analyzes the signals fed back by the signal shunting and calibration modules, and transmits the data to the host computer through the communication module; The signal shunting and calibration module can automatically switch the shunting path and calibration parameters according to the different current and voltage level judgment results, and feed back the adjusted signal to the processing module. The shunting path switching is expressed in the form of S(U(t), I(t)). When U(t)×I(t)<P1, S(U(t), I(t))=1, and the first shunting path and the first calibration parameter set {C 11 , C 12 , …, C 1n }, when P1≤U(t)×I(t)<P2, S(U(t),I(t))=2, the second shunt path and the second calibration parameter set {C 21 , C 22 , …, C 2m }, where P1 and P2 are power thresholds, and n and m are the number of calibration parameters; The communication module uses wireless communication technology to transmit data with the processing module and the host computer. The communication protocol is used in the data transmission process to protect the security of the data in transmission. The communication protocol is to establish a communication encryption rule for the security of data transmission between the intelligent measuring switch and the host computer. The encryption function of the encryption rule is E(D, k), where k is the encryption key. The transmitted electric energy data D is encrypted by the encryption function E(D, k) and then sent to the host computer; The data receiving module is used to receive encrypted data transmitted by the intelligent measuring switch; The decryption and analysis module is used to decrypt the encrypted data and perform in-depth analysis and processing of the electric energy error. When decrypting the data, a decryption function D=D(E(D, k), k corresponding to the encryption function E(D, k) is used. -1 ) to decrypt, where k -1 is a decryption key corresponding to the encryption key k, the electric energy error is the deviation between the actual electric energy measurement value and the true electric energy value, and the evaluation of the true electric energy value comprehensively considers active power, reactive power and apparent power; The display and storage module visualizes the analysis results and stores data for query and statistics.

2. The electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measuring switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sampling module includes a voltage sampling circuit and a current sampling circuit. The voltage sampling circuit adopts a resistor voltage-dividing sampling structure. The voltage-dividing resistors are R1 and R2 respectively. The voltage signal obtained by sampling Where U0(t) is the original voltage input signal; The current sampling circuit adopts a Hall sensor, and the sensitivity of the Hall sensor is set to K H , the magnetic field strength is B(t), the current through the Hall sensor is I(t), then the sampled voltage signal V H (t) = K H B(t)I(t), by V H (t) is converted to obtain the current sampling value I(t), and the conversion relationship is:

3. The electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measuring switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for the processing module to determine the current and voltage levels is: calculating the instantaneous power P(t)=U(t)×I(t), setting the power level division interval to [0, P1), [P1, P2), ..., [P i , P i+1 ), where i = 1, 2, ..., when P(t) falls within the interval [0, P1), it is determined to be a low power level, corresponding to the first shunt path and the first calibration parameter set; When P(t) falls into the interval [P1, P2), it is determined to be a medium power level, corresponding to the second shunt path and the second calibration parameter set. Similarly, the boundary value P of the power level division interval is i It is determined based on the statistical analysis of actual power data, that is, the number of statistical samples is N, and the power of the jth sample is P j , for P j After sorting, determine P according to the sample quantity distribution of different power ranges. i , so that the number of samples in each power level interval is relatively balanced, that is where n i is the number of samples in the i-th power level interval, and δ is the sample number difference threshold.

4. The electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measuring switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first shunt path of the signal shunt and calibration module includes a precision resistor R s1 and adjustable capacitor C s1 , the first calibration parameter set {C 11 , C 12 , …, C 1n C in} 11 is the precision resistor R s1 The temperature compensation coefficient is used, and the resistance value R is used when the ambient temperature T is not compensated. s1 (0), then the compensated resistance value R s1 (T) = R s1 (0)(1+C 11 T), C 12 is the adjustable capacitor C s1 The frequency response correction factor is based on the input signal frequency f. The capacitive reactance is not corrected. Corrected Capacitive Reactance The second shunt path includes a parallel shunt resistor R p2 and inductor L p2 , the second calibration parameter set {C 21 , C 22 , …, C 2m C in} 21 is the shunt resistor R p2 The nonlinear correction coefficient, the current through the shunt resistor is I p2 The voltage across the two ends is U p2 , the resistance value without correction is R p2 (0), corrected resistance value C 22 is the inductance L p2 The magnetic saturation correction factor is calculated using the magnetic field strength B L (t), inductance value L without correction p2 (0), the corrected inductance value L p 2(B L (t)) = L p2 (0)(1-C 22 B L (t) 2 ).

5. The electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measuring switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module uses wireless communication technology, and sets the transmission power P of the wireless communication technology. t , receiving sensitivity S r , communication frequency f c , its communication distance d and transmission power P t , receiving sensitivity S r And the communication frequency f c The relationship is Where λ is the signal wavelength, α is the propagation loss coefficient, and by adjusting the transmission power P t and the communication frequency f c Adapt to different communication distance requirements.

6. The electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measuring switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The encryption function E(D, k) of the communication protocol in the communication module adopts a hybrid encryption method, which includes symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption, wherein the symmetric encryption obtains E by symmetric encryption of the data D. s (D,k s ), k s is a symmetric encryption key, which is generated by the intelligent measurement switch based on a pseudo-random number generator and is k s =PRNG(S1, S2, ..., S m ), where S i is the seed value, including the device ID of the intelligent measurement switch, the current timestamp T s And the sampling period T c , that is, S1 = ID, S2 = T s , S3=T c , for the symmetric encryption key k s Perform asymmetric encryption, asymmetric encryption is E a (k s , k p ), where k p is the public key, generated by the host computer and transmitted to the intelligent measurement switch. The encrypted data E(D, k) = E a (E s (D,k s ), k p ).

7. The electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measuring switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: After decrypting the data, the decryption and analysis module of the host computer calculates the active power of the electric energy. Where T is the integration time period, I(t) represents the instantaneous value of the current signal changing with time t, U(t) represents the instantaneous value of the voltage signal changing with time t, and reactive power Apparent power The energy error Where Pm is the power value measured by the electric energy meter. By comparing it with the electric energy error standard value ΔE0, it is determined whether the electric energy error range is within the normal range. The electric energy error standard value ΔE0 is determined based on the statistical analysis of the electric energy data, that is, the statistical electric energy error sample is ΔE j , j = 1, 2, ..., J, for ΔE j After sorting, the middle value in the confidence interval is taken as ΔE0.

8. The electric energy error test system based on the intelligent measuring switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing module of the intelligent measuring switch performs self-diagnosis during operation, and the self-diagnosis cycle is T d , every T d The sampling module, signal shunting and calibration module, and communication module are tested for their functions. For the sampling module, a standard voltage signal U s (t) and standard current signal I s (t), check whether the sampling value is within the error range, and set the sampling error threshold to ε s ,when and When U′ s (t), I′ s (t) is the actual sampling value of the sampling module, then the sampling unit is judged to be faulty; For the signal shunting and calibration module, check whether the shunting path switching function S(U(t), I(t)) is correctly switched and whether the calibration parameters are correctly applied, by comparing the actual switching results and the data differences before and after calibration; For the communication module, whether the communication is normal is determined by sending test data and checking whether the received data is complete. When a fault is detected, a fault report is generated and a fault alarm information is sent to the host computer.

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