Dimming film and dimming glass

Abstract

The invention provides a dimming film and dimming glass which have a visible light transmittance change effect in an off or on state. The thickness loss of the light control layer is compensated by introducing the light control layer with variable thickness and the balance layer without active components, and finally the light adjusting film with variable visible light transmittance is obtained. The light adjusting film can play a comprehensive light adjusting role in an application scene where the light transmittance needs to be changed, and the multi-scene use requirements of functionality, attractiveness and the like in the field of vehicles or buildings are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic light-controlling materials, and in particular to a dimming film and a dimming glass. Background Art

[0002] A dimming film is an electronic light-control device. It is mainly composed of a light-control layer between two layers of transparent conductive films. When the electric field is turned on, the arrangement or state of the material in the light-control layer changes, thereby changing the light transmittance of the device, such as from low transmittance to high transmittance, or from high transmittance to low transmittance. Through the action of the electric field, a rapid conversion between the on-state and the off-state can be achieved. According to the different light-control mechanisms of the light-control layer, the dimming film can be divided into suspended particle dimming film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, electrochemical reaction dimming film, etc.

[0003] The dimming films known in the art, such as polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming films and suspended particle dimming films, will change from opaque to uniformly transparent in the on state, while the electrochemical reaction dimming films will change from transparent to uniformly opaque in the on state. Of course, there are also reverse mode dimming films, such as reverse polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming films, which will change from transparent to uniformly opaque in the on state. In short, the visible light transmittance distribution of the existing dimming films is uniform in the on state. There are also technologies that divide the entire dimming film into sections and apply different power supplies to different sections to achieve different visible light transmittances of the entire dimming film in the on state. This will increase the manufacturing cost of the dimming film and cannot achieve the effect of continuous and gradual changes. However, in some cases, if a dimming film can be used whose visible light transmittance presents a continuous and gradually changing distribution in the off state or the on state, for example, if the front windshield of a car can present a visible light transmittance changing effect of low at the top and high at the bottom, the driver can avoid light pollution such as strong glare when the motor vehicle is traveling at high speed, while ensuring a clear field of vision and improving driving safety; in addition, some buildings also require dimming glass to present a gradually changing visible light transmittance to meet aesthetic requirements.

[0004] The present invention introduces a balancing layer without active components, so that the light-controlling layer can be patterned. The dimming film under a constant applied voltage can produce a light transmittance change effect, while keeping the overall thickness of the light-controlling layer unaffected, avoiding the subsequent production difficulties caused by the change in the thickness of the light-controlling layer, and optimizing the manufacturing process of the light-controlling film with variable light transmittance. The dimming film can play a comprehensive dimming role in application scenarios that require continuous light transmittance changes, meeting the functional and aesthetic requirements of multiple scenarios in the fields of transportation or construction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The inventor proposes a dimming film and a dimming film glass in which the visible light transmittance varies along at least one direction of the dimming film surface.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a dimming film is provided, comprising a first transparent substrate (1-1), a first transparent conductive layer (2-1), a light control layer (3), a balancing layer (4), a second transparent conductive layer (2-2), and a second transparent substrate (1-2) which are stacked in sequence, wherein the light control layer (3) contains a light control active component, the balancing layer (4) does not contain a light control active component, and the sum of the thicknesses of the light control layer and the balancing layer is a constant value; in an off state, the dimming film has different regions of visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film, and Qoff is used to represent the degree of difference in visible light transmittance of the regions in this state,

[0007] Qoff=(Toff max -Toff min ) / Loff,

[0008] Among them, Toff max Toff is the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film along the direction in the off state, min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction,

[0009] Loff = Toff max With Toff min The distance between two points in meters.

[0010] Qoff is a dimensionless value,

[0011] Among them, the Qoff value is: 30.0≥Qoff≥0.05.

[0012] Furthermore, the Qoff value is: 20.0≥Qoff≥0.08.

[0013] Furthermore, the Qoff value is: 15.0≥Qoff≥0.1.

[0014] Furthermore, in the off state, there is a region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film changes continuously and gradually.

[0015] Furthermore, in the off state, there is a region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film changes gradually.

[0016] Furthermore, in the on state, the dimming film has different visible light transmittances in at least one direction along the surface of the dimming film, wherein the region with different visible light transmittances is a single-zone dimming region, and Qon is used to represent the difference in visible light transmittance of the region in this state, Qon = (Ton max -Ton min ) / Lon,

[0017] Ton max is the maximum visible light transmittance of the region along the direction in the open state, Ton min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction,

[0018] Lon to Ton max With Ton min The distance between two points in meters.

[0019] Qon is a dimensionless value,

[0020] Among them, the Qon value is: 30.0≥Qon≥0.05.

[0021] Furthermore, the Qon value is: 20.0≥Qon≥0.08.

[0022] Furthermore, the Qon value is: 15.0≥Qon≥0.1.

[0023] Furthermore, in the on state, there is a region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film changes continuously and gradually.

[0024] Furthermore, in the on state, there is a region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film changes gradually.

[0025] Furthermore, the light-controlling active component includes at least one of nanoparticles, liquid crystals or electrochromic materials.

[0026] Furthermore, the thickness of the light control layer has an uneven region along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film.

[0027] Further, the region where the thickness of the light control layer is uneven along at least one direction of the dimming film surface is consistent with the region where the visible light transmittance in at least one direction of the dimming film surface in the off and / or on state is different.

[0028] Furthermore, the thickness of the light control layer has a region where it changes continuously and gradually along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film.

[0029] Furthermore, the thickness of the light control layer has a gradient variation region along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film.

[0030] Furthermore, the dimming film contains a visually discernible area in which the thickness of the light control layer and / or the balancing layer is zero.

[0031] Furthermore, the constant value is between 20 and 200 microns.

[0032] Furthermore, the constant value is between 50 and 100 microns.

[0033] Furthermore, the room temperature rotational viscosity ratio of the matrix emulsion of the light control layer to the emulsion of the balancing layer is 0.5 to 2.0.

[0034] Furthermore, the room temperature rotational viscosity ratio of the matrix emulsion of the light control layer to the emulsion of the balancing layer is 0.8 to 1.2.

[0035] Furthermore, the ratio of the room temperature visible light refractive index of the light control layer matrix emulsion to that of the balancing layer emulsion is 0.9 to 1.1.

[0036] Furthermore, the ratio of the room temperature visible light refractive index of the light control layer matrix emulsion to that of the balancing layer emulsion is 0.95 to 1.05.

[0037] Furthermore, the single dimming area constitutes a whole dimming film.

[0038] Furthermore, the single dimming area and other dimming areas constitute a whole dimming film.

[0039] In the dimming film of the present invention, the other dimming areas are not specifically limited and may be partitioned dimming areas, areas without dimming function, or single-zone dimming areas of the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, there is no specific limitation on the number and combination of the single-zone dimming area and other dimming areas.

[0041] Furthermore, the dimming film is a suspended particle dimming film, wherein the light-controlling layer (3) comprises at least three components: a polymer matrix, a suspension medium, and light-controlling active components, i.e., electrically polarizable particles; and the balancing layer (4) comprises a polymer matrix, such as a silicone resin.

[0042] Furthermore, the balancing layer (4) of the suspended particle dimming film is polysiloxane.

[0043] Furthermore, the dimming film is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, wherein the light control layer (3) comprises a polymer matrix and a light control active component, i.e. at least two components of liquid crystal, and the balancing layer (4) comprises a polymer matrix, such as an acrylic polymer.

[0044] Furthermore, the dimming film is an electrochromic dimming film, and its light control layer (3) includes at least three layers of an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, and an ion storage layer. The balancing layer (4) includes a polymer in the electrolyte layer or the ion storage layer.

[0045] Furthermore, the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is selected from at least one of an ITO conductive layer, a FZO conductive layer, an IZO conductive layer, a GZO conductive layer, an AZO conductive layer, a PEDOT conductive layer, a nano-Ag wire conductive layer, conductive graphene and a nano-Cu wire conductive layer.

[0046] Furthermore, the surface of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) facing the light control layer (3) is covered with an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer material includes at least one of epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyimide resin, polystyrene resin, acrylic resin, modified acrylic resin or silicone resin.

[0047] In the dimming film of the present invention, the materials of the first transparent substrate (1-1) and the second transparent substrate (1-2) are not specifically limited.

[0048] Furthermore, the first transparent substrate (1-1) and / or the second transparent substrate (1-2) is / are selected from at least one of PET, PEN, PP, PI, PE, and PC.

[0049] Furthermore, all parts of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) in the single-zone dimming area are electrically conductive.

[0050] Furthermore, the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) in the single-zone dimming area has a local area that is not electrically conductive with other areas, wherein the local area does not have a dimming function.

[0051] The balancing layer of the present invention has the function of sealing the edge of the dimming film, and protects the light-controlling layer from the negative influence of impurities such as water vapor in the external environment.

[0052] Furthermore, the electrical non-conduction between a local area of ​​the transparent conductive layer and other areas is achieved by an electrically non-conductive isolation line.

[0053] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line divides the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer into at least two parts, and there is electrical non-conduction between the at least two parts.

[0054] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line may be at least one of a straight line, an arc line or an irregular shape.

[0055] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line may form a closed curve.

[0056] Furthermore, the cross section of the electrically non-conductive isolation line may be a regular pattern or an irregular pattern.

[0057] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line has a width of 1 to 200 μm.

[0058] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line has a width of 10 to 100 μm.

[0059] Furthermore, the number of the electrically non-conductive isolation lines is not limited to one, and may be two or three. The present invention has no particular limitation on the number of the electrically non-conductive isolation lines.

[0060] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line is formed by etching the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer.

[0061] Furthermore, the etching method is ion beam etching (IBE), deep silicon etching (DRIE), reactive ion etching (RIE), focused ion beam etching (FIB), inductively coupled (ICP) plasma etching, microwave plasma etching, laser external etching, laser internal etching or chemical etching.

[0062] Furthermore, it is completed by laser external etching or laser internal etching.

[0063] Furthermore, the laser external etching takes the first transparent substrate and the first transparent conductive layer as a separate entity, that is, takes the conductive film as the processing object, and etches from the first transparent conductive layer side to the first transparent substrate to form a dividing line, and the dividing line does not engrave to or does not penetrate the first transparent substrate. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention; and / or, takes the second transparent substrate and the second transparent conductive layer as a separate entity, and etches from the second transparent conductive layer side to the second transparent substrate to form a dividing line, and the dividing line does not engrave to or does not penetrate the second transparent substrate. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention.

[0064] Furthermore, the laser internal etching takes the entire dimming film as a whole, etches a dividing line from the first transparent substrate side to the first transparent conductive layer side, and the dividing line does not etch to or penetrate the second transparent substrate after etching through the first transparent conductive layer. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention; or etches a dividing line from the second transparent substrate side to the second transparent conductive layer side, and the dividing line does not etch to or penetrate the first transparent substrate after etching through the second transparent conductive layer. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention.

[0065] The first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer of the single-zone dimming area referred to in the present invention are electrically conductive at all places; or a local area of ​​the transparent conductive layer in the area is electrically non-conductive with other areas of the transparent conductive layer, and the local area does not have a dimming function. The dimming function means that the local area does not require an on state, that is, the local area is always in an off state. A specific embodiment is that a very small area around the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer in the area is electrically non-conductive with the internal area of ​​the conductive layer, and all places in the internal area are electrically conductive.

[0066] A second aspect of the present invention provides a dimming glass comprising a first glass plate (5-1) and a second glass plate (5-2), and the above-mentioned dimming film arranged between the first glass plate (5-1) and the second glass plate (5-2).

[0067] In the present invention, there is no special restriction on the types of the first glass plate and the second glass plate. They can be transparent glass for conventional dimming glass well known to those skilled in the art. They can be ordinary glass such as inorganic glass and organic glass, or functional glass such as UV blocking glass, IR blocking glass, Low-E glass, tempered glass or antibacterial glass, etc. They can also be selected from colored glass such as gray glass and brown glass.

[0068] Furthermore, a first interlayer (6-1) is provided between the first glass plate (5-1) and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer (6-2) is provided between the second glass plate (5-2) and the dimming film.

[0069] In the present invention, there is no special restriction on the types of the first interlayer and the second interlayer, which are conventional interlayers for dimming glass well known to those skilled in the art, and may be EVA film, TPU film, PVB film, or functional film, such as UV-blocking EVA film, UV-blocking TPU film, UV-blocking PVB film, etc., or films with certain colors, such as gray EVA film, gray TPU film, gray PVB film, etc.

[0070] In the present invention, the method for manufacturing the dimming glass is not particularly limited, and can be a conventional laminating method of dimming glass in the art, such as laminating in a laminator, or laminating in an autoclave or a laminating box / furnace.

[0071] The present invention introduces a balancing layer to balance the thickness difference caused by the change in the pattern of the light-controlling layer, so that the visible light transmittance of the dimming film can be changed along a certain direction, while the overall thickness remains constant, thereby ensuring the smoothness and order of the outer conductive layer and the normal function, and optimizing the preparation process of the variable dimming film. The dimming film products prepared by this process can meet the requirements of visible light transmittance changes in multiple application scenarios in the fields of transportation and construction.

[0072] The dimming film / dimming glass of the present invention can be combined with other dimming films / dimming glasses to form a composite dimming film / dimming glass, which meets the requirements of functionality and aesthetics in the fields of architecture and transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative work.

[0074] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure and light transmission of the dimming glass provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 6 A graph showing changes in visible light transmittance of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a multi-zone dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Among them, 1-1. first transparent substrate, 1-2. second transparent substrate, 2-1. first transparent conductive layer, 2-2. second transparent conductive layer, 3. light control layer, 4. balance layer, 5-1. first glass plate, 5-2. second glass plate, 6-1. first interlayer, 6-2. second interlayer, A-1. ~A-4. electrically non-conductive isolation lines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] the term

[0083] In the present invention, the following terms used have the meanings defined below.

[0084] Open state:

[0085] Refers to the state of the dimming film after the recommended power is applied from the off state and the visible light transmittance is stabilized.

[0086] Off state:

[0087] Refers to the state when no power is applied to the dimming film, or the recommended power is turned off from the on state, and the visible light transmittance is stabilized.

[0088] Transparent conductive film:

[0089] A laminated composition of a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive layer.

[0090] At least one direction on the dimming film surface:

[0091] It means that if there is any plane passing through the dimming film, the cross section of this plane on the dimming film is the extension direction of the line segment at the intersection.

[0092] The maximum visible light transmittance Toff of the dimming film along at least one direction of the dimming film surface in the off state max , minimum visible light transmittance Toff min :

[0093] Refers to the off state of the dimming film. Assuming that there is a plane passing through the dimming film, the visible light transmittance is measured along this plane at the cross section of the dimming film, where the maximum visible light transmittance is Toff. max , the minimum visible light transmittance is Toff min .

[0094] The maximum visible light transmittance Ton of the dimming film along at least one direction of the dimming film surface when the dimming film is in the on state max , minimum visible light transmittance Ton min :

[0095] Refers to the state of the dimming film when there is a plane passing through the dimming film, and the visible light transmittance is measured at the cross section of the dimming film along this plane, where the maximum visible light transmittance is Ton max , the minimum visible light transmittance is Ton min .

[0096] The definitions of the on state, off state, Ton and Toff of the dimming glass are related to the dimming film.

[0097] The transmittance of the dimming film / smart glass was measured using a LS116 transmittance meter (Shenzhen Linshang Technology Co., Ltd.). When no voltage was applied (off state), the transmittance of the dimming film / smart glass was marked as Toff=%; when the power recommended by the dimming film / smart glass was applied (on state), the transmittance of the dimming film / smart glass was marked as Ton=%.

[0098] The room temperature viscosity was measured using a Brookfield DV2T viscometer.

[0099] The room temperature visible light refractive index was measured using a 2WA-J Abbe refractometer.

[0100] The present invention provides a dimming film / dimming glass with a changing visible light transmittance. By adopting a light-controlling layer with a changing thickness and introducing a balancing layer to balance the thickness of the light-controlling layer, a gradient transmittance can be generated on the conductive film in this direction, thereby obtaining an overall dimming effect and aesthetic function of reduced / increased transmittance of the dimming film, while avoiding unevenness of the conductive layer and functional abnormality caused by uneven thickness of the light-controlling layer, thereby reducing the complexity of the production process of the dimming film.

[0101] In order to better illustrate the present invention, the following specific examples are provided.

[0102] Example 1 Preparation of dimming film

[0103] Preparation of light-controlling particles:

[0104] Add 30g of isoamyl acetate solution containing 21.2wt% nitrocellulose (model SS1 / 4sec), 6g I2, 70g isoamyl acetate, 4g anhydrous CaI2 and 4g titanium dioxide (model P25) to a 250mL three-necked round-bottomed glass flask and heat to 42°C. After I2 is dissolved, add 6g anhydrous methanol, 0.8g distilled water and 4g 2,5-pyrazine dicarboxylic acid dihydrate to the above three-necked round-bottomed glass flask, heat and stir at 42°C to react for 4 hours, and then cool naturally. The resulting reaction solution is centrifuged at 1350G for 0.5h to remove large particle products, and then the supernatant is centrifuged at 18000G for 5h, and the supernatant is discarded to obtain light-controlled particles.

[0105] Preparation of polymer matrix precursor:

[0106] Dissolve 2.7g trisilyl hydroxyethyl-POSS in 190mL heptane to prepare a POSS solution. Add 54g hydroxyl-terminated dimethyl diphenyl polysiloxane and 190mL of the above POSS solution to a 500mL three-necked round-bottom glass flask. One side of the three-necked round-bottom glass flask is connected to a water separator and a condenser, a mechanical stirrer is installed in the middle, and a thermometer is placed on the other side; the solution in the three-necked round-bottom glass flask is heated to reflux for 30min. When a small amount of water appears in the water separator, add a catalyst stannous octoate solution (a solution formed by dissolving 0.13g stannous octoate in 10mL heptane). Then add a mixture of 3g hydrolyzed acryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and 1.8g hydrolyzed epoxypropyl trimethoxysilane dropwise for about 5 minutes. Then the condensation reaction is carried out for 5 hours, and then 30mL trimethylmethoxysilane is immediately added as a terminator for the reaction; the termination reaction lasts for 2h, and then it is quickly cooled to room temperature. Mix 50 mL of ethanol and the cooled reaction solution in a 1L beaker, and then wash the reaction bottle with 30 mL of heptane and pour it into the beaker. After mixing evenly, add 200 mL of methanol and stir for 15 minutes. Pour the resulting mixture into a 1L separatory funnel and let it stand for several hours to separate into layers. Take out the lower clear liquid and evaporate it at 70°C to finally obtain a polymer matrix precursor.

[0107] Prepare light control layer base emulsion:

[0108] 0.1 g of photoinitiator 819, 3.0 g of light-controlling particles, 26.9 g of suspension medium, i.e., dioctyl terephthalate, and 70.0 g of polymer matrix precursor were mixed evenly to obtain light-controlling layer matrix emulsion A. The parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0109] Prepare the balancing layer emulsion:

[0110] 0.1 g of photoinitiator 819 and 70.0 g of polymer matrix precursor were mixed evenly to obtain a balancing layer emulsion B. The parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0111] Add the above-mentioned light control layer matrix emulsion A to material tank A, add the balance layer emulsion B to material tank B, and use a gear pump to transport the materials in material tanks A and B to the die head. By setting a distribution system in the die head, control the materials at the die lip outlet to flow in opposite directions, and gradually decrease at a certain angle when they are about to meet, and use a roll-to-roll automatic coating machine to coat the ITO / PET transparent conductive film. The coating thickness is 80 microns, the constant thickness area size of the light control layer is 0.35m, the gradient area size where the light control layer and the balance layer intersect is 0.50m, and the constant thickness area size of the balance layer is 0.35m. Figure 1 As shown. Then, another layer of ITO / PET transparent conductive film is covered on the wet film to obtain a wet film containing a light control layer and a balanced measurement. In a nitrogen atmosphere, it is cured in a UV curing box for 1 minute with a UV power of 700W / m 2 , that is, the section is Figure 1 The dimming film 1 is shown, and the dimming film parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0112] Example 2 Preparation of dimming film

[0113] Same as Example 1, except that the rotational viscosity and refractive index of the light control layer matrix emulsion and the balance layer emulsion are different, see Table 1; the size of the gradient area where the light control layer and the balance layer intersect is 1.50m, and the relative arrangement section of the light control layer and the balance layer is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the dimming film 2 is obtained, and the dimming film parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0114] Example 3 Preparation of dimming film

[0115] Same as Example 1, except that the rotational viscosity and refractive index of the light control layer matrix emulsion and the balance layer emulsion are different, see Table 1; the relative arrangement of the light control layer and the balance layer is shown in the cross section. Figure 3 As shown, the dimming film 3 is obtained, and the parameters of the dimming film are shown in Table 2.

[0116] Example 4 Preparation of dimming film

[0117] Same as Example 1, except that the rotational viscosity and refractive index of the light control layer matrix emulsion and the balance layer emulsion are different, see Table 1; the size of the gradient area where the light control layer and the balance layer intersect is 0.02m, and the relative arrangement section of the light control layer and the balance layer is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the dimming film 4 is obtained, and the parameters of the dimming film are shown in Table 2.

[0118] Example 5 Preparation of dimming glass

[0119] Ordinary tempered glass is used as the first and second glass plates, EVA film is set as the first interlayer film and the second interlayer film, and the dimming film prepared in Example 4 is used for stacking. The stacked multiple layers are kept in an autoclave at 0.5 kPa and 110° C. for 30 minutes for lamination treatment. The cross-sectional diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the dimming glass 5 is obtained, and the dimming glass parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0120] Example 6 Preparation of multi-zone dimming film

[0121] The multi-zone dimming film is prepared in the same manner as in Embodiment 4, except that A-1 to A-4 electrically non-conductive isolation lines are provided by laser internal etching, such as Figure 7 As shown, the dimming film 6 is obtained, and the two sides of the isolation line are in different switch states through circuit control. The dimming film parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0122] The electrically non-conductive isolation lines can be arranged according to actual needs, and can be arranged on the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2), and the specific number and position can be adjusted according to actual needs. Figure 7 No electrically non-conductive isolation line is set in the film, that is, the entire dimming film is composed of three regions: a constant thickness region of the light control layer, a gradient region where the light control layer and the balance layer intersect, and a constant thickness region of the balance layer; specifically, Figure 7 Only A-1 is set in the circuit, and the dimming film is divided into two areas: the left area of ​​A-1 and the right area of ​​A-1. This is a zoned dimming film, which can be controlled by a circuit to realize that the left area of ​​A-1 is in an on state, the right area of ​​A-1 is in an off state, or other combinations.

[0123] Table 1 Room temperature parameters of the light control layer matrix emulsion and the balance layer emulsion of Examples 1 to 4

[0124]

[0125] Table 2 Parameters of the dimming films / dimming glasses prepared in Examples 1 to 6

[0126] #Loff=Lon。

[0127] From Table 2, it can be seen that the variation range of visible light transmittance and Q value of the dimming film of the embodiment in the off or on state.

[0128] Figure 6 The dimming film of Example 1 exhibits a continuously gradually changing visible light transmittance in the off state, ranging from 1.5% to 51.0%, and a Qoff of 0.99.

[0129] The dimming range of the above dimming film in the off or on state can meet the requirements of continuously and gradually changing visible light transmittance in multiple scenes.

[0130] The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A dimming film, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first transparent substrate (1-1), a first transparent conductive layer (2-1), a light control layer (3), a balance layer (4), a second transparent conductive layer (2-2), and a second transparent substrate (1-2) which are stacked in sequence, wherein the light control layer (3) contains a light control active component, the balance layer (4) does not contain a light control active component, and the sum of the thicknesses of the light control layer and the balance layer is a constant value; In the off state, the dimming film has different visible light transmittances in at least one direction along the surface of the dimming film. Qoff is used to represent the difference in visible light transmittances of the regions in this state. Qoff=(Toff max -Toff min ) / Loff, Toff max Toff is the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film along the direction in the off state, min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction, Loff = Toff max With Toff min The distance between two points in meters. Qoff is a dimensionless value, Among them, the Qoff value is: 30.0≥Qoff≥0.

05.

2. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Qoff value is: 20.0≥Qoff≥0.

08.

3. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Qoff value is: 15.0≥Qoff≥0.

1.

4. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the off state, the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film has a region where it changes continuously and gradually.

5. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The region where the visible light transmittance changes gradually along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film in the off state.

6. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimming film has different visible light transmittances in at least one direction along the surface of the dimming film in the on state, wherein the region with different visible light transmittances is a single-zone dimming region, and Qon is used to represent the degree of difference in visible light transmittance of the region in this state. Blood=(Tone max -Tone min ) / Lon, Ton max is the maximum visible light transmittance of the region along the direction in the open state, Ton min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction, Lon to Ton max With Ton min The distance between two points in meters. Qon is a dimensionless value, Among them, the Qon value is: 30.0≥Qon≥0.

05.

7. The dimming film according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Qon value is: 20.0≥Qon≥0.

08.

8. The dimming film according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Qon value is: 15.0≥Qon≥0.

1.

9. The dimming film according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the on state, the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film has a region where it changes continuously and gradually.

10. The dimming film according to claim 6, characterized in that: The region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film in the on state changes gradually exists.

11. The dimming film according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single-zone dimming area constitutes a whole dimming film.

12. The light-adjusting film according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single dimming area and other dimming areas constitute a whole dimming film.

13. The dimming film according to claim 6, characterized in that: Every part of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) in the single-zone dimming area is electrically conductive.

14. The dimming film according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) of the single-zone dimming area has a local area that is not electrically conductive with other areas, wherein the local area does not have a dimming function.

15. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-controlling active component includes at least one of nanoparticles, liquid crystals or electrochromic materials.

16. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the light control layer (3) exists in an uneven region along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film.

17. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the light control layer (3) has a region where it changes continuously and gradually along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film.

18. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the light control layer (3) has a gradient variation region along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film.

19. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimming film contains a visually discernible area with a light control layer and / or a balancing layer having a thickness of zero.

20. The light-adjusting film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant value is between 20 and 200 microns.

21. The light-adjusting film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant value is between 50 and 100 microns.

22. The light-adjusting film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The room temperature rotational viscosity ratio of the matrix emulsion of the light control layer (3) to the emulsion of the balance layer (4) is 0.5 to 2.

0.

23. The light-adjusting film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the room temperature visible light refractive index of the matrix emulsion of the light control layer (3) to the emulsion of the balance layer (4) is 0.9 to 1.

1.

24. A dimming glass, characterized in that: It comprises a first glass plate (5-1) and a second glass plate (5-2), and a dimming film according to any one of claims 1 to 23 arranged between the first glass plate (5-1) and the second glass plate (5-2).

25. The switchable glass according to claim 24, characterized in that: A first interlayer (6-1) is provided between the first glass plate (5-1) and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer (6-2) is provided between the second glass plate (5-2) and the dimming film.

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