Dimming film and dimming glass

Abstract

The invention provides a dimming film and dimming glass which have the effect of continuously and gradually changing visible light transmittance in an open state. By introducing the high-sheet-resistance conducting layer, the single-area dimming film with the visible light transmittance continuously and gradually changing in a certain direction can be obtained, and meanwhile other production processes are kept unchanged. The light adjusting film can play a comprehensive light adjusting role in an application scene where the light transmittance needs to be continuously and gradually changed, and the multi-scene use requirements of functionality, attractiveness and the like in the field of vehicles or buildings are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic light-controlling materials, and in particular to a dimming film and a dimming glass. Background Art

[0002] A dimming film is an electronic light-control device. It is mainly composed of a light-control layer between two layers of transparent conductive films. When the electric field is turned on, the arrangement or state of the material in the light-control layer changes, thereby changing the light transmittance of the device, such as from low transmittance to high transmittance, or from high transmittance to low transmittance. Through the action of the electric field, a rapid conversion between the on-state and the off-state can be achieved. According to the different light-control mechanisms of the light-control layer, the dimming film can be divided into suspended particle dimming film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, electrochemical reaction dimming film, etc.

[0003] The dimming films known in the art, such as polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming films and suspended particle dimming films, will change from opaque to uniformly transparent in the on state, while the electrochemical reaction dimming films will change from transparent to uniformly opaque in the on state. Of course, there are also reverse mode dimming films, such as reverse polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming films, which will change from transparent to uniformly opaque in the on state. In short, the visible light transmittance distribution of existing dimming films is uniform in the on state. In addition, there is also a technology that divides the entire dimming film into sections and applies different power supplies to different sections to achieve different visible light transmittances of the entire dimming film in the on state. This will increase the manufacturing cost of the dimming film and cannot achieve the effect of continuous and gradual changes. However, in some cases, if a dimming film can be used whose visible light transmittance presents a continuous and gradually changing distribution in the on state, for example, if the front windshield of a car can present a continuous and gradually changing visible light transmittance effect of low on the top and high on the bottom, the driver can avoid light pollution such as strong glare when the motor vehicle is traveling at high speed, while ensuring a clear field of vision and improving driving safety. In addition, some buildings also require dimming glass to present a gradually changing visible light transmittance to meet aesthetic requirements.

[0004] The present invention introduces a high-resistance transparent conductive layer and assists with the setting of wires, so that the dimming film under a constant applied voltage can produce a continuous and gradual change in transmittance, while keeping the overall technical parameters of the light control layer unaffected, so that the production of the gradient dimming film can be realized on the original dimming film production line. The dimming film can play a comprehensive dimming role in application scenarios that require continuous and gradual changes in transmittance, meeting the functional and aesthetic requirements of multiple scenarios in the fields of transportation or construction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The inventor proposes a dimming film and a dimming film glass whose visible light transmittance gradually changes along at least one direction of the dimming film surface.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a dimming film is provided, comprising a first transparent substrate (1-1), a first transparent conductive layer (2-1), a light control layer (3), a second transparent conductive layer (2-2), and a second transparent substrate (1-2) which are stacked in sequence, wherein the dimming film has a region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface thereof gradually changes in an on state, the region being a single-zone dimming region, and the square resistance of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is ≥300 ohms / □; Qon is used to represent the degree of gradual change in the visible light transmittance of the region in the on state,

[0007] Qon=(Ton max -Ton min ) / Lon,

[0008] Ton max is the maximum visible light transmittance of the region along the direction in the open state, Ton min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction,

[0009] Lon to Ton max With Ton min The distance between two points in meters.

[0010] Qon is a dimensionless value,

[0011] Among them, the Qon value is: 3.0≥Qon≥0.05.

[0012] Furthermore, the square resistance of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is ≥ 600 ohms / □.

[0013] Furthermore, the square resistance of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is ≥800 ohms / □.

[0014] Furthermore, the Qon value is: 2.0≥Qon≥0.08.

[0015] Furthermore, the Qon value is: 1.5≥Qon≥0.1.

[0016] Furthermore, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film in the off state along any direction of the surface of the dimming film is evenly distributed, and Qoff is used to represent the uniformity of the visible light transmittance distribution in the off state.

[0017] Qoff=(Toff max -Toff min ) / Toff max ,

[0018] Toff maxToff is the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film along the direction in the off state, min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction,

[0019] Among them, the Qoff value is: 0.5≥Qoff≥0.0.

[0020] Furthermore, the Qoff value is: 0.2≥Qoff≥0.0.

[0021] Furthermore, the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is ≤100 nm.

[0022] Furthermore, the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is ≤50 nm.

[0023] Furthermore, the light control layer (3) is at least one of a suspended particle light control layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal light control layer or an electrochemical reaction light control layer.

[0024] Furthermore, the dimming film comprises at least two wires connected to an external power source, wherein at least two wires are distributed on the same side or adjacent sides of the dimming film and are respectively connected to the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and the second transparent conductive layer (2-2).

[0025] Furthermore, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film in the on state gradually decreases from one side of the distribution conductor to the opposite side.

[0026] Furthermore, the single dimming area constitutes a whole dimming film.

[0027] Furthermore, the single dimming area and other dimming areas constitute a whole dimming film.

[0028] In the dimming film of the present invention, the other dimming areas are not specifically limited and may be partitioned dimming areas, areas without dimming function, or single-zone dimming areas of the present invention.

[0029] Furthermore, there is no specific limitation on the number and combination of the single-zone dimming area and other dimming areas.

[0030] Furthermore, all parts of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) in the single-zone dimming area are electrically conductive.

[0031] Furthermore, the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) of the single-zone dimming area has a local area that is not electrically conductive with other areas, wherein the local area does not have a dimming function.

[0032] Furthermore, the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is selected from at least one of an ITO conductive layer, a FZO conductive layer, an IZO conductive layer, a GZO conductive layer, an AZO conductive layer, a PEDOT conductive layer, a nano-Ag wire conductive layer, conductive graphene and a nano-Cu wire conductive layer.

[0033] Furthermore, the electrical non-conduction between a local area of ​​the transparent conductive layer and other areas is achieved by an electrically non-conductive isolation line.

[0034] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line divides the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer into at least two parts, and there is electrical non-conduction between the at least two parts.

[0035] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line may be at least one of a straight line, an arc line or an irregular shape.

[0036] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line may form a closed curve.

[0037] Furthermore, the cross section of the electrically non-conductive isolation line may be a regular pattern or an irregular pattern.

[0038] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line has a width of 1 to 200 μm.

[0039] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line has a width of 10 to 100 μm.

[0040] Furthermore, the number of the electrically non-conductive isolation lines is not limited to one, and may be two or three. The present invention has no particular limitation on the number of the electrically non-conductive isolation lines.

[0041] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line is formed by etching the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer.

[0042] Furthermore, the etching method is ion beam etching (IBE), deep silicon etching (DRIE), reactive ion etching (RIE), focused ion beam etching (FIB), inductively coupled (ICP) plasma etching, microwave plasma etching, laser external etching, laser internal etching or chemical etching.

[0043] Furthermore, it is completed by laser external etching or laser internal etching.

[0044] Furthermore, the laser external etching takes the first transparent substrate and the first transparent conductive layer as a separate entity, that is, takes the conductive film as the processing object, and etches from the first transparent conductive layer side to the first transparent substrate to form a dividing line, and the dividing line does not engrave to or does not penetrate the first transparent substrate. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention; and / or, takes the second transparent substrate and the second transparent conductive layer as a separate entity, and etches from the second transparent conductive layer side to the second transparent substrate to form a dividing line, and the dividing line does not engrave to or does not penetrate the second transparent substrate. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention.

[0045] Furthermore, the laser internal etching takes the entire dimming film as a whole, etches a dividing line from the first transparent substrate side to the first transparent conductive layer side, and the dividing line does not etch to or penetrate the second transparent substrate after etching through the first transparent conductive layer. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention; or etches a dividing line from the second transparent substrate side to the second transparent conductive layer side, and the dividing line does not etch to or penetrate the first transparent substrate after etching through the second transparent conductive layer. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention.

[0046] Furthermore, the surface of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) facing the light control layer (3) is covered with an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer material includes at least one of epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyimide resin, polystyrene resin, acrylic resin, modified acrylic resin or silicone resin.

[0047] In the dimming film of the present invention, the materials of the first transparent substrate (1-1) and the second transparent substrate (1-2) are not specifically limited.

[0048] Furthermore, the first transparent substrate (1-1) and / or the second transparent substrate (1-2) is / are selected from at least one of PET, PEN, PP, PI, PE, and PC.

[0049] The first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer of the single-zone dimming area referred to in the present invention are electrically conductive at all places; or a local area of ​​the transparent conductive layer in the area is electrically non-conductive with other areas of the transparent conductive layer, and the local area does not have a dimming function. The dimming function means that the local area does not require an on state, that is, the local area is always in an off state. A specific embodiment is that a very small area around the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer in the area is electrically non-conductive with the internal area of ​​the conductive layer, and all places in the internal area are electrically conductive.

[0050] A second aspect of the present invention provides a dimming glass comprising a first glass plate (4-1) and a second glass plate (4-2), and the above-mentioned dimming film arranged between the first glass plate (4-1) and the second glass plate (4-2).

[0051] In the present invention, there is no special restriction on the types of the first glass plate and the second glass plate. They can be transparent glass for conventional dimming glass well known to those skilled in the art. They can be ordinary glass such as inorganic glass and organic glass, or functional glass such as UV blocking glass, IR blocking glass, Low-E glass, tempered glass or antibacterial glass, etc. They can also be selected from colored glass such as gray glass and brown glass.

[0052] Furthermore, a first interlayer (5-1) is provided between the first glass plate (4-1) and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer (5-2) is provided between the second glass plate (4-2) and the dimming film.

[0053] In the present invention, there is no special restriction on the types of the first interlayer and the second interlayer, which are conventional interlayers for dimming glass well known to those skilled in the art, and may be EVA film, TPU film, PVB film, or functional film, such as UV-blocking EVA film, UV-blocking TPU film, UV-blocking PVB film, etc., or films with certain colors, such as gray EVA film, gray TPU film, gray PVB film, etc.

[0054] In the present invention, the method for manufacturing the dimming glass is not particularly limited, and can be a conventional laminating method of dimming glass in the art, such as laminating in a laminator, or laminating in an autoclave or a laminating box / furnace.

[0055] The present invention increases the potential difference of the conductive layer in a certain direction by introducing a high square resistance conductive layer, so that the visible light transmittance of the dimming film along a certain direction can be changed continuously and gradually, while other preparation processes of the dimming film remain unchanged. The dimming film products prepared by this process can meet the requirements of continuous and gradual changes in visible light transmittance in multiple application scenarios in the fields of transportation and construction.

[0056] The dimming film / dimming glass of the present invention can be combined with other dimming films / dimming glasses to form a composite dimming film / dimming glass, which meets the requirements of functionality and aesthetics in the fields of architecture and transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative work.

[0058] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure and light transmission of the dimming glass provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 A graph showing changes in visible light transmittance of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a multi-zone dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Among them, 1-1. first transparent substrate, 1-2. second transparent substrate, 2-1. first transparent conductive layer, 2-2. second transparent conductive layer, 3. light control layer, 4-1. first glass plate, 4-2. second glass plate, 5-1. first interlayer, 5-2. second interlayer, D-1, D-2. electrical conductors, A-1. to A-4. are electrically non-conductive isolation lines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] the term

[0065] In the present invention, the following terms used have the meanings defined below.

[0066] Open state:

[0067] Refers to the state of the dimming film after the recommended power is applied from the off state and the visible light transmittance is stabilized.

[0068] Off state:

[0069] Refers to the state when no power is applied to the dimming film, or the recommended power is turned off from the on state, and the visible light transmittance is stabilized.

[0070] Transparent conductive film:

[0071] A laminated composition of a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive layer.

[0072] At least one direction on the surface of the dimming film:

[0073] It means that if there is any plane passing through the dimming film, the cross section of this plane on the dimming film is the extension direction of the line segment at the intersection.

[0074] Square resistance:

[0075] Sheet resistance refers to the conductive properties of thin film conductive materials. When voltage is applied to the thin film conductive material, when current flows through it, the thin film conductive material will hinder the current. This hindering effect is called sheet resistance, which is represented by R in this invention. max Represents the maximum square resistance, R min Represents the minimum square resistance. R = ρ / D, ρ is the resistivity of the thin film conductive material, and D is the thickness of the thin film conductive material. The square resistance is related to the conductive properties of the thin film conductive material and the thickness of the thin film conductive material.

[0076] The maximum visible light transmittance Toff of the dimming film along at least one direction of the dimming film surface in the off state max , minimum visible light transmittance Toff min :

[0077] Refers to the off state of the dimming film. Assuming that there is a plane passing through the dimming film, the visible light transmittance is measured along this plane at the cross section of the dimming film, where the maximum visible light transmittance is Toff. max , the minimum visible light transmittance is Toff min .

[0078] The maximum visible light transmittance Ton of the dimming film along at least one direction of the dimming film surface when the dimming film is in the on state max , minimum visible light transmittance Ton min :

[0079] Refers to the state of the dimming film when there is a plane passing through the dimming film, and the visible light transmittance is measured at the cross section of the dimming film along this plane, where the maximum visible light transmittance is Ton max , the minimum visible light transmittance is Ton min .

[0080] The definitions of the on state, off state, Ton and Toff of the dimming glass are related to the dimming film.

[0081] The transmittance of the dimming film / smart glass was measured using a LS116 transmittance meter (Shenzhen Linshang Technology Co., Ltd.). When no voltage was applied (off state), the transmittance of the dimming film / smart glass was marked as Toff=%; when the power recommended by the dimming film / smart glass was applied (on state), the transmittance of the dimming film / smart glass was marked as Ton=%.

[0082] The sheet resistance of the transparent conductive film was measured using a Keithley 2100 four-probe resistance tester.

[0083] The thickness of the transparent conductive layer on the cross section of the transparent conductive film was measured using a SNE-4500M Plus scanning electron microscope from SEC.

[0084] The present invention provides a dimming film whose visible light transmittance shows a continuous and gradual change in the on state. By adopting a high-resistance conductive layer and assisted by a conductive line setting to achieve an effective potential difference, the conductive film can produce a gradually changing voltage drop in a certain direction, thereby obtaining an overall dimming effect and aesthetic function in which the transmittance of the dimming film is continuously and gradually reduced / increased.

[0085] In order to better illustrate the present invention, the following specific examples are provided.

[0086] Example 1 Preparation of ITO / PET transparent conductive film

[0087] An ITO / PET transparent conductive film was prepared on the surface of a PET film substrate by a roll-to-roll process using a DC magnetron sputtering deposition method in a vacuum environment. The sputtering process had a voltage of 200 V and a magnetic field strength of 1400 G. The process gas was an Ar-O2 mixed gas with a volume ratio of argon to oxygen of 3:1. During deposition, the temperature of the PET film substrate was 98°C, the sputtering pressure was 0.4 Pa (absolute pressure), the ITO coating thickness was 50 nm, and the transparent conductive film with a square resistance of 300 ohms / □ and a width of 1.5 meters was prepared. The parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0088] Example 2 Preparation of ITO / PET transparent conductive film

[0089] The same as Example 1, except that the temperature of the PET film substrate is 120° C., a transparent conductive film with an ITO thickness of 40 nm and a square resistance of 424 ohms / □ is obtained. The parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0090] Example 3 Preparation of ITO / PET transparent conductive film

[0091] The same as Example 1, except that the sputtering pressure is 0.2 Pa (absolute pressure), and a transparent conductive film with an ITO thickness of 30 nm and a square resistance of 657 ohm / □ is obtained. The parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0092] Example 4 Preparation of ITO / PET transparent conductive film

[0093] The same as Example 1, except that the temperature of the PET film substrate is 70° C. and the sputtering pressure is 0.5 Pa (absolute pressure), and a transparent conductive film with an ITO thickness of 20 nm and a square resistance of 782 ohms / □ is obtained. The parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0094] Example 5 Preparation of dimming film

[0095] Preparation of light-controlling particles:

[0096] Add 30g of isoamyl acetate solution containing 21.2wt% nitrocellulose (model SS1 / 4sec), 6g I2, 70g isoamyl acetate, 4g anhydrous CaI2 and 4g titanium dioxide (model P25) to a 250mL three-necked round-bottomed glass flask and heat to 42°C. After I2 is dissolved, add 6g anhydrous methanol, 0.8g distilled water and 4g 2,5-pyrazine dicarboxylic acid dihydrate to the above three-necked round-bottomed glass flask, heat and stir at 42°C to react for 4 hours, and then cool naturally. The resulting reaction solution is centrifuged at 1350G for 0.5h to remove large particle products, and then the supernatant is centrifuged at 18000G for 5h, and the supernatant is discarded to obtain light-controlled particles.

[0097] Preparation of polymer matrix precursor:

[0098] Dissolve 2.7g trisilyl hydroxyethyl-POSS in 190mL heptane to prepare a POSS solution. Add 54g hydroxyl-terminated dimethyl diphenyl polysiloxane and 190mL of the above POSS solution to a 500mL three-necked round-bottom glass flask. One side of the three-necked round-bottom glass flask is connected to a water separator and a condenser, a mechanical stirrer is installed in the middle, and a thermometer is placed on the other side; the solution in the three-necked round-bottom glass flask is heated to reflux for 30min. When a small amount of water appears in the water separator, add a catalyst stannous octoate solution (a solution formed by dissolving 0.13g stannous octoate in 10mL heptane). Then add a mixture of 3g hydrolyzed acryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and 1.8g hydrolyzed epoxypropyl trimethoxysilane dropwise for about 5 minutes. Then the condensation reaction is carried out for 5 hours, and then 30mL trimethylmethoxysilane is immediately added as a terminator for the reaction; the termination reaction lasts for 2h, and then it is quickly cooled to room temperature. Mix 50 mL of ethanol and the cooled reaction solution in a 1L beaker, and then wash the reaction bottle with 30 mL of heptane and pour it into the beaker. After mixing evenly, add 200 mL of methanol and stir for 15 minutes. Pour the resulting mixture into a 1L separatory funnel and let it stand for several hours to separate into layers. Take out the lower clear liquid and evaporate it at 70°C to finally obtain a polymer matrix precursor.

[0099] Preparation of light control layer matrix emulsion:

[0100] 0.1 g of photoinitiator 819, 3.0 g of light-controlling particles, 26.9 g of suspension medium, i.e., dioctyl terephthalate, and 70.0 g of polymer matrix precursor were mixed evenly to obtain a light-controlling layer matrix emulsion.

[0101] The suspended particle light-controlling layer matrix emulsion was coated on the ITO / PET transparent conductive film prepared in Example 1 by a roll-to-roll automatic coating machine, and then another layer of ITO / PET transparent conductive film prepared in Example 1 was covered on the light-controlling layer matrix emulsion wet film to obtain a wet film containing a light-controlling layer. The film was cured in a UV curing box for 1 minute under a nitrogen atmosphere with a UV power of 700 W / m 2 , that is, the section is Figure 1 The dimming film 1 is shown in Table 2. The parameters of the dimming film are shown in Table 2. The continuously changing visible light transmittance in the on state is shown in Table 2. Figure 4 .

[0102] Example 6 Preparation of dimming film

[0103] The same as Example 5, except that the transparent conductive film prepared in Example 2 is used instead. The cross section of the dimming film is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the dimming film 2 is obtained, and the dimming film parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0104] Example 7 Preparation of dimming film

[0105] The same as Example 5, except that the transparent conductive film prepared in Example 3 is used instead. The cross section of the dimming film is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the dimming film 3 is obtained, and the parameters of the dimming film are shown in Table 2.

[0106] Example 8 Preparation of dimming film

[0107] The same as Example 5, except that the transparent conductive film prepared in Example 4 is used instead, and the cross section of the dimming film is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the dimming film 4 is obtained, and the dimming film parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0108] Example 9 Preparation of dimming glass

[0109] Ordinary tempered glass is used as the first and second glass plates, EVA film is set as the first interlayer and the second interlayer, and the dimming film prepared in Example 1 is used, and the stacking arrangement is as shown in the cross-sectional diagram. Figure 3 As shown, the dimming glass 5 is obtained, and the dimming glass parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0110] Example 10 Preparation of multi-zone dimming film

[0111] Same as Example 5, except that a multi-zone dimming film is prepared. Figure 5 As shown, by means of laser internal etching, A-1. to A-4. are set as electrically non-conductive isolation lines in the figure, which are set on the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and the second transparent conductive layer (2-2). Through circuit control, the dimming areas on both sides of the isolation line are in different switching states. That is, the dimming film 6 is obtained.

[0112] Of course, the electrically non-conductive isolation lines can be arranged according to actual needs, and can be arranged on the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2). The specific number and position can be adjusted according to actual needs. Figure 5 Only A-2 is set in the circuit, and the dimming film is divided into two areas: the left area of ​​A-2 and the right area of ​​A-2. That is, the zoned dimming film can be controlled by the circuit to realize that the left area of ​​A-2 is in the on state, the right area of ​​A-2 is in the off state, or other combinations.

[0113] From Table 2, it can be seen that the variation range of visible light transmittance and Q value of the dimming film / dimming glass of the embodiment in the on and off states.

[0114] Figure 4 The light-adjusting film of Example 5 exhibits a continuously and gradually changing visible light transmittance in the on state, ranging from 23.5% to 62.4%.

[0115] The dimming range of the above-mentioned dimming film / smart glass in the open state can meet the requirements of continuously and gradually changing visible light transmittance in multiple scenes.

[0116] Table 1 Parameters of the transparent conductive films prepared in Examples 1 to 4

[0117]

[0118] Table 2 Parameters of the dimming films / dimming glasses prepared in Examples 5 to 9

[0119]

[0120] The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A dimming film, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first transparent substrate (1-1), a first transparent conductive layer (2-1), a light control layer (3), a second transparent conductive layer (2-2), and a second transparent substrate (1-2) which are sequentially stacked, wherein the dimming film has a region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface thereof gradually changes in an on state, and the region is a single-zone dimming region, and the square resistance of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is ≥300 ohms / □; Qon is used to represent the degree of gradual change of the visible light transmittance of the region in the on state, Blood=(Tone max -Tone min ) / Lon, Ton max is the maximum visible light transmittance of the region along the direction in the open state, Ton min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction, Lon to Ton max With Ton min The distance between two points in meters. Qon is a dimensionless value, Among them, the Qon value is: 3.0≥Qon≥0.

05.

2. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square resistance of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is ≥600 ohms / □.

3. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square resistance of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is ≥800 ohms / □.

4. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Qon value is: 2.0≥Qon≥0.

08.

5. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Qon value is: 1.5≥Qon≥0.

1.

6. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visible light transmittance of the dimming film in any direction along the surface of the dimming film is evenly distributed in the off state, and Qoff is used to represent the uniformity of the visible light transmittance distribution in the off state. Qoff=(Toff max -Toff min ) / Toff max , Toff max Toff is the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film along the direction in the off state, min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction, Among them, the Qoff value is: 0.5≥Qoff≥0.

0.

7. The dimming film according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Qoff value is: 0.2≥Qoff≥0.

0.

8. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is ≤100 nm.

9. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light control layer (3) is at least one of a suspended particle light control layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal light control layer or an electrochemical reaction light control layer.

10. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimming film comprises at least two wires connected to an external power source, wherein at least two wires are distributed on the same side or adjacent sides of the dimming film and are respectively connected to the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and the second transparent conductive layer (2-2).

11. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visible light transmittance of the dimming film in the on state gradually decreases from one side of the distribution conductor to the opposite side.

12. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-zone dimming area constitutes a whole dimming film.

13. The light-adjusting film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single dimming area and other dimming areas constitute a whole dimming film.

14. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: Every part of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) in the single-zone dimming area is electrically conductive.

15. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) of the single-zone dimming area has a local area that is not electrically conductive with other areas, wherein the local area does not have a dimming function.

16. A dimming glass, characterized in that: It comprises a first glass plate (4-1) and a second glass plate (4-2), and a dimming film according to any one of claims 1 to 15 arranged between the first glass plate (4-1) and the second glass plate (4-2).

17. The switchable glass according to claim 16, characterized in that: A first interlayer (5-1) is provided between the first glass plate (4-1) and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer (5-2) is provided between the second glass plate (4-2) and the dimming film.

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