Coupler and radio frequency front-end module

Abstract

The invention provides a coupler, which is characterized in that projections of a main line and a coupling line in the longitudinal direction are at least partially overlapped, the structure of the coupling line is improved, and specifically, the coupling line comprises a plurality of coupling line groups which are connected in sequence; the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part in each coupling line group are connected through a first connecting part; the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not perpendicular to each other, so that an equivalent compensation capacitor and an equivalent compensation inductor which are connected in series between the main line and the coupling line can be formed. And the equivalent compensation capacitance and compensation inductance are continuously and uniformly changed in the working frequency range, so that the coupling degree of the coupler can be improved, the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler in the working frequency range can be improved, and the overall performance of the coupler is further optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency technology, and in particular to a coupler and a radio frequency front-end module. Background Art

[0002] In the field of radio frequency, a coupler is an electronic device used to couple and distribute radio frequency signals. It can couple an input signal to multiple output ports and achieve corresponding power distribution. It is widely used in various radio frequency circuits. Important indicators of couplers include sensitivity, stability, coupling, insertion loss, isolation, directivity, etc. However, when existing couplers are used to transmit radio frequency signals with a wider frequency band, their coupling performance often cannot meet actual needs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a coupler capable of improving the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler.

[0004] The present application provides a coupler comprising: an input port, an output port, a coupling port and an isolation port, a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupling line extending between the coupling port and the isolation port, wherein the projections of the main line and the coupling line in the longitudinal direction at least partially overlap; the coupling line comprises a first portion connected between the coupling port and the isolation port; the first portion comprises a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, each of the coupling line groups comprises a first coupling line portion and a second coupling line portion, and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion in each coupling line group are connected via a first connecting portion; the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not perpendicular to each other.

[0005] The present application also provides a coupler comprising: an input port, an output port, a coupling port and an isolation port, a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupling line extending between the coupling port and the isolation port, wherein the projections of the main line and the coupling line in the longitudinal direction at least partially overlap; the coupling line comprises a first portion connected between the coupling port and the isolation port, the first portion comprises a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, each of the coupling line groups comprises a first coupling line portion and a second coupling line portion, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion in each coupling line group are connected by a first connecting portion, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not on the same straight line, and in at least part of the coupling line groups, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line extend along the first direction, the first connecting portion extends along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect.

[0006] The present application also provides a coupler comprising: an input port, an output port, a coupling port and an isolation port; a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupling line extending between the coupling port and the isolation port; a plurality of compensation units, the plurality of compensation units being sequentially connected in series between the main line and the coupling line, each of the compensation units comprising a first compensation capacitor and a first compensation inductor connected in series; a second compensation capacitor, a first end of the second compensation capacitor being connected to the main line, and a second end of the first compensation capacitor being grounded; and a third compensation capacitor, a first end of the third compensation capacitor being connected to the coupling line, and a second end of the third compensation capacitor being grounded.

[0007] In this embodiment, a coupler includes: an input port, an output port, a coupling port and an isolation port, a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupling line extending between the coupling port and the isolation port, wherein the projections of the main line and the coupling line in the longitudinal direction at least partially overlap; the coupling line includes a first portion connected between the coupling port and the isolation port; the first portion includes a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, each of the coupling line groups includes a first coupling line portion and a second coupling line portion, and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion in each coupling line group are connected via a first connecting portion; the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not perpendicular to each other. ; In this embodiment, by making the projections of the main line and the coupling line at least partially overlap in the longitudinal direction, and by improving the structure of the coupling line, specifically, the coupling line includes a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, and the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part in each coupling line group are connected by a first connecting portion; the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not perpendicular to each other, so that an equivalent compensation capacitor and compensation inductor connected in series between the main line and the coupling line can be formed, and the equivalent compensation capacitor and compensation inductor can achieve continuous and uniform changes within the working frequency band, so as to not only improve the coupling degree of the coupler, but also improve the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the working frequency band, thereby optimizing the overall performance of the coupler.

[0008] In this embodiment, a coupler includes: an input port, an output port, a coupling port and an isolation port; a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupling line extending between the coupling port and the isolation port; a plurality of compensation units, the plurality of compensation units are sequentially connected in series between the main line and the coupling line, each of the compensation units includes a first compensation capacitor and a first compensation inductor connected in series; a second compensation capacitor, a first end of the second compensation capacitor is connected to the main line, and a second end of the first compensation capacitor is grounded; a third compensation capacitor, a first end of the third compensation capacitor is connected to the coupling line, and a second end of the third compensation capacitor is grounded; in this embodiment, by connecting a plurality of compensation units between the main line and the coupling line, each compensation unit includes a first compensation capacitor and a first compensation inductor connected in series, and a second compensation capacitor connected to the ground on the main line and a third compensation capacitor connected to the ground on the coupling line, under the joint action of the plurality of compensation units, the second compensation capacitor and the third compensation capacitor, not only can the coupling degree of the coupler be improved, the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the working frequency band be improved, but also the directivity of the coupler can be optimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the coupler of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 is another structural schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 is another structural schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 5 is another structural schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 6 is another structural schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 7is another structural schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 8 is another structural schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0019] Fig. 9 is another structural schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0020] Fig.10 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0021] Fig.11 is another simulation schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0022] Fig.12 is another simulation schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention;

[0023] Fig.13 FIG. 4 is another simulation schematic diagram of the coupler of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0026] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0029] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0030] The coupler provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to mobile phones, tablet computers, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, laptop computers, and other terminal devices, and can also be applied to the RF front-end modules of these terminal devices. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on the specific type of terminal devices.

[0031] This embodiment provides a coupler as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes an input port A, an output port B, a coupling port C and an isolation port D, a main line 200 extending along a first direction between the input port A and the output port B, and a coupling line 100 extending between the coupling port C and the isolation port D. The projections of the main line 200 and the coupling line 100 in the longitudinal direction at least partially overlap. The coupling line 100 includes a first portion 100a connected between the coupling port C and the isolation port D, and the first portion 100a includes a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, wherein the plurality of coupling line groups may be the same or different. Each of the coupling line groups includes a first coupling line portion (for example: Figure 2 The first coupling line portion 11 / first coupling line portion 21 / first coupling line portion 31 / first coupling line portion 41 / first coupling line portion 51 and the second coupling line portion (eg, as shown in FIG. 1 ) Figure 2As shown in the second coupling line portion 12 / second coupling line portion 22 / second coupling line portion 32 / second coupling line portion 42 / second coupling line portion 52), the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion in each coupling line group are connected by a first connecting portion S1, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion in each coupling line group are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not perpendicular to each other. For example: the virtual extension line of the first coupling line portion and the virtual extension line of the second coupling line portion are arranged in parallel. Or, the virtual extension line of the first coupling line portion and the virtual extension line of the second coupling line portion intersect but are not perpendicular. For example: the intersection angle of the virtual extension line of the first coupling line portion and the virtual extension line of the second coupling line portion can be any non-90° angle such as 45°, 120°, 135°, 150°, 175°, etc.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the RF signal is input from the input port A, most of the RF signal is transmitted to the output port B along the main line 200, and a small part of the RF signal is coupled to the coupling line 100. Coupling can include electric field coupling and magnetic field coupling, wherein electric field coupling is equivalent to capacitive coupling, and magnetic field coupling is equivalent to inductive coupling. The RF signal coupled to the coupling line 100 through capacitance is transmitted to the coupling port C and the isolation port D respectively. The RF signal coupled to the coupling line 100 through inductive coupling can only be transmitted to the coupling port C.

[0033] In at least one embodiment, the projections of the main line 200 and the coupling line 100 in the longitudinal direction at least partially overlap. The coupling line 100 includes a portion that is arranged in a different layer from the main line 200 and at least partially overlaps with the projection of the coupling line 100 in the longitudinal direction, and may also include a portion that is arranged in the same layer as the main line 200. In this embodiment, by making the projections of the main line 200 and the coupling line 100 in the longitudinal direction at least partially overlap, compensation capacitance and compensation inductance can be formed, and the size of the formed compensation capacitance and compensation inductance can be adjusted by adjusting the overlapping area.

[0034] For example: Figure 5 As shown, the coupling line 100 includes a first portion 100a arranged in a first metal layer, and the main line 200 is arranged in a second metal layer, and the projections of the first portion 100a arranged in the first metal layer and the main line 200 arranged in the second metal layer in the longitudinal direction at least partially overlap, wherein the first metal layer and the second metal layer are adjacent metal layers.

[0035] In at least one embodiment, the multiple coupling line groups are all the same. For example, the multiple coupling line groups include a first coupling line group, a second coupling line group, a third coupling line group, a fourth coupling line group, and a fifth coupling line group. The first coupling line group, the second coupling line group, the third coupling line group, the fourth coupling line group, and the fifth coupling line group are all the same. It should be noted that the multiple coupling line groups in this embodiment are all the same, which means that the lengths, widths, structures, or shapes of the multiple coupling line groups are all exactly the same.

[0036] In at least one embodiment, at least two of the multiple coupling line groups are different. For example, the multiple coupling line groups include a first coupling line group, a second coupling line group, a third coupling line group, a fourth coupling line group, and a fifth coupling line group. The first coupling line group, the second coupling line group, the third coupling line group, and the fourth coupling line group are the same, but the fifth coupling line group is different from the first coupling line group, the second coupling line group, the third coupling line group, and the fourth coupling line group. It should be noted that the fifth coupling line group in this embodiment is different from the first coupling line group, the second coupling line group, the third coupling line group, and the fourth coupling line group, which means that at least one of the length, width, structure, or shape of the fifth coupling line group is different from the first coupling line group, the second coupling line group, the third coupling line group, and the fourth coupling line group.

[0037] The first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion can be in any shape such as a straight line, an arc, a curve, etc. The first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are connected by a first connecting portion, and the first connecting portion and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion have different extending directions. The angle between the first connecting portion and the first coupling line portion can be any angle, and the angle between the first connecting portion and the second coupling line portion can also be any angle.

[0038] In at least one embodiment, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are both straight lines. The first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion both extend along a first direction, and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are arranged in parallel.

[0039] In at least one embodiment, in at least one embodiment, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion both extend along a first direction, the first connecting portion extends along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The angle between the first connecting portion and the first coupling line portion is 90 degrees; the angle between the first connecting portion and the second coupling line portion is also 90 degrees.

[0040] Further, an extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is smaller than an extension length of the first coupling line portion in the first direction and / or an extension length of the second coupling line portion in the first direction.

[0041] In at least one embodiment, when the coupler is configured to operate at medium and high frequencies (eg, [1.72 GHz, 6 GHz]), the length of the first connecting portion should be as short as possible, otherwise the directivity of the coupler will be deteriorated.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, when the coupler operates in a wide-band range (for example, the coupler is configured to operate in the [1.42GHz, 2.69GHz] frequency band), since the span between the highest and lowest frequencies in the wide-band is relatively large, the values ​​of compensation capacitors and compensation inductors required by the coupler at the highest and lowest frequencies are often different, and may even differ greatly. In related technologies, fixed-value compensation capacitors and compensation inductors are usually directly connected to the coupler. This implementation direction not only introduces too many additional components, resulting in an excessively large overall area occupied by the coupler, but also fails to guarantee the coupling requirements at certain specific frequency points, and thus cannot be applied in wide-band and high-area application scenarios.

[0043] In view of this, the present application directly improves the structure of the coupling line, specifically, the coupling line includes a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part in each coupling line group are connected by a first connecting portion; the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not perpendicular to each other; thereby, without additionally referencing other components, compensation capacitance and compensation inductance are formed, and the size of the equivalent compensation capacitance and compensation inductance connected in series between the main line and the coupling line can also be changed, so that the equivalent compensation capacitance and compensation inductance can achieve continuous and uniform changes within the working frequency band (especially within the wide frequency band), thereby not only improving the coupling degree of the coupler, but also improving the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the working frequency band, thereby optimizing the overall performance of the coupler.

[0044] like Figure 10-13 As shown in FIG. , it is a simulation effect diagram of the coupler in this embodiment. Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of simulation of the reverse coupling degree of the coupler in this embodiment; Fig.10 The horizontal axis represents the working frequency band, and the vertical axis represents the coupling degree. The three curves (a, b, c) are simulation effect diagrams of the reverse coupling degree performance when different capacitors and resistors are connected between the isolation port and the ground of the coupler in this embodiment. Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of simulation of the forward coupling degree of the coupler in this embodiment; Fig.11 The horizontal axis represents the working frequency band, and the vertical axis represents the coupling degree. The three curves (a, b, c) are simulation effect diagrams of the forward coupling degree performance when the coupler in this embodiment is connected with capacitors and resistors of different sizes between the isolation port and the ground. Fig.10 and Fig.11 It can be seen that not only the forward coupling and reverse coupling have been significantly improved, but also the coupling at each frequency point in the entire working frequency range [1.0GHz, 3GHz] is basically consistent, improving the flatness of the coupling in the wide bandwidth. Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of simulation of reverse directivity of the coupler in this embodiment; Fig.12 The horizontal axis represents the operating frequency band, the vertical axis represents the reverse directivity, and the three curves (a, b, c) are simulation effect diagrams of the reverse directivity when capacitors and resistors of different sizes are connected between the isolation port and the ground of the coupler in this embodiment. Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of simulation of the forward directivity of the coupler in this embodiment; Fig.13 The horizontal axis represents the working frequency band, the vertical axis represents the forward directivity, and the three curves (a, b, c) are simulation effect diagrams of the forward directivity when the coupler in this embodiment is connected with capacitors and resistors of different sizes between the isolation port and the ground. Fig.12 and Fig.13 It can be seen that when different sizes of capacitors and resistors are connected between the isolation port and the ground, the directivity of the coupler in this embodiment is above 10dB (especially in the (1.42GHz, 2.69GHz) working frequency band, the forward directivity and reverse directivity of the coupler are both greater than or equal to 15dB), so the directivity is also significantly improved. In summary, it can be seen that in this embodiment, the coupling line includes a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, and the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part in each coupling line group are connected by a first connecting part; the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not perpendicular to each other, so as to not only improve the coupling degree of the coupler, but also improve the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the working frequency band, thereby optimizing the overall performance of the coupler.

[0045] In this embodiment, a coupler includes: an input port, an output port, a coupling port and an isolation port, a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupling line extending between the coupling port and the isolation port, wherein the projections of the main line and the coupling line in the longitudinal direction at least partially overlap; the coupling line includes a first portion connected between the coupling port and the isolation port; the first portion includes a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, each of the coupling line groups includes a first coupling line portion and a second coupling line portion, and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion in each coupling line group are connected via a first connecting portion; the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not perpendicular to each other. ; In this embodiment, by making the projections of the main line and the coupling line at least partially overlap in the longitudinal direction, and by improving the structure of the coupling line, specifically, the coupling line includes a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, and the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part in each coupling line group are connected by a first connecting portion; the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not perpendicular to each other, so that an equivalent compensation capacitor and compensation inductor connected in series between the main line and the coupling line can be formed, and the equivalent compensation capacitor and compensation inductor can achieve continuous and uniform changes within the working frequency band, so as to not only improve the coupling degree of the coupler, but also improve the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the working frequency band, thereby optimizing the overall performance of the coupler.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the coupler further includes a second portion 100b connected between the first end of the first portion 100a of the coupling port, and a third portion 100c connected between the second end of the first portion 100a and the isolation port.

[0047] In at least one embodiment, the second part 100b, the first part 100a and the third part 100c are sequentially connected between the coupling port and the isolation port. The first end of the first part 100a is connected to the coupling port through the second part 100b, and the second end of the first part 100a is connected to the isolation port through the third part 100c. The second part 100b and the coupling port can be directly connected or connected through a coupling line. The third part 100c and the isolation port can be directly connected or connected through a coupling line.

[0048] In at least one embodiment, the second portion 100b, the first portion 100a, and the third portion 100c are all disposed in the same metal layer. For example, the second portion 100b, the first portion 100a, and the third portion 100c are all disposed in the first metal layer, and the second portion 100b, the first portion 100a, and the third portion 100c at least partially overlap with the projection of the main line disposed in the second metal layer in the longitudinal direction.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the second part 100b and the third part 100c can be coupling lines of any shape, for example, the second part 100b and the third part 100c can be a straight coupling line, an L-shaped coupling line, a Z-shaped coupling line or a C-shaped coupling line, etc. This embodiment does not specifically limit the shape and length of the second part 100b and the third part 100c.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the extension length of the second portion 100b and the third portion 100c in the first direction is less than the extension length of the first portion 100a in the first direction. Specifically, the extension length of the second portion 100b and the third portion 100c in the first direction is less than one-half of the extension length of the first portion 100a in the first direction, or the extension length of the second portion 100b and the third portion 100c in the first direction is less than one-fifth of the extension length of the first portion 100a in the first direction.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the first part 100a, the second part 100b and the third part 100c are non-linear coupling lines, the extension length of the first part 100a in the first direction, the extension length of the second part 100b in the first direction and the extension length of the third part 100c in the first direction all refer to the straight line length in the first direction.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the first end of the first part and the second part can be directly connected or connected through a short connecting portion. The second end of the first part and the third part can be directly connected or connected through a short connecting portion.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, two adjacent coupling line groups are connected via a second connecting portion.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, a first coupling line portion of one of two adjacent coupling line groups and a second coupling line portion of the other coupling line group are connected via a second connection portion. As an example, the plurality of coupling line groups include a first coupling line group and a second coupling line group, and the first coupling line portion of the first coupling line group and the second coupling line portion of the second coupling line group are connected via a second connection portion.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the second connection portion extends in the second direction, and the extension length of the second connection portion in the second direction is less than the extension length of the first coupling line portion in the first direction and / or the extension length of the second coupling line portion in the first direction.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the length of the second connection portion in the second direction is in the range of (0um, 20um). For example, the length of the second connection portion in the second direction is 1um, 5um, 8um, 10um, 15um or 18um.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the coupler is configured such that within the operating frequency range of [1.72 GHz, 6 GHz], the extension length of the second connection portion in the second direction is within the range of (0 um, 15 um). For example, the extension length of the second connection portion in the second direction is at least one of the ranges of [0 um, 8 um], [0 um, 10 um], [8 um, 12 um], and [12 um, 15 um].

[0058] The coupler is configured such that within the operating frequency range of [600 MHz, 1000 MHz], the extension length of the second connection portion in the second direction is within the range of (10 um, 20 um). For example, the extension length of the second connection portion in the second direction is at least one of the ranges of [10 um, 15 um], [10 um, 18 um], [15 um, 18 um], and [18 um, 20 um].

[0059] In at least one embodiment, the extension length of the second connection portion in the second direction is related to the size of the working frequency band of the coupler. The larger the working frequency band of the coupler, the smaller the extension length of the second connection portion in the second direction. When the coupler is configured to work at medium and high frequencies (for example: [1.72GHz, 6GHz]), the extension length of the second connection portion in the second direction is limited to the range of (0um, 15um). When the coupler is configured to work at low frequencies (for example: [600MHz, 1000MHz]), the extension length of the second connection portion in the second direction is limited to the range of (10um, 20um). If the extension length of the second connection portion in the second direction is too long, the directivity of the coupler will be deteriorated.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, in at least part of the coupled line groups, the first coupled line portion and the second coupled line portion are arranged in parallel.

[0061] In at least one embodiment, the first coupled line portion and the second coupled line portion in each of the coupled line groups are arranged in parallel.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are arranged in parallel so that the compensation inductance and the compensation capacitance of the equivalent connection between the main line and the compensation line can be changed continuously and uniformly.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, in at least part of the coupling line group, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line extend along the first direction, the first connecting portion extends along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect. The intersection angle of the first direction and the second direction may be 45°, 90°, 120° or 135°, etc. Preferably, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

[0064] In at least one embodiment, in each of the coupling line groups, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line extend along the first direction, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are arranged in parallel, the first connecting portion extends along the second direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the first coupling line portion and the first connecting portion are arranged perpendicularly, and the second coupling line portion and the first connecting portion are arranged perpendicularly.

[0065] In this embodiment, by extending the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion along the first direction, and extending the first connecting portion along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect, the compensation inductance and the compensation capacitance of the equivalent connection between the main line and the compensation line can be changed more continuously and evenly, thereby improving the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within a wide bandwidth.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, the extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is smaller than the extension length of the first coupling line portion in the first direction, and / or the extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is smaller than the extension length of the second coupling line portion in the first direction.

[0067] In at least one embodiment, the extension length of the first connecting portion in the second direction is less than half of the extension length of the first coupling line portion in the first direction, and / or the extension length of the first connecting portion in the second direction is less than half of the extension length of the second coupling line portion in the first direction.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, the length of the first connection portion in the second direction is in the range of (0um, 20um). For example, the length of the first connection portion in the second direction is 1um, 5um, 8um, 10um, 15um or 18um.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, the coupler is configured such that within the operating frequency range of [1.72 GHz, 6 GHz], the extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is within the range of (0 um, 15 um). For example, the extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is at least one of the ranges of [0 um, 8 um], [0 um, 10 um], [8 um, 12 um], and [12 um, 15 um].

[0070] The coupler is configured such that within the operating frequency range of [600MHz, 1000MHz], the extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is within the range of (10um, 20um). For example, the extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is at least one of the ranges of [10um, 15um], [10um, 18um], [15um, 18um], and [18um, 20um].

[0071] In at least one embodiment, the extension length of the first connection part in the second direction is related to the size of the working frequency band of the coupler. The larger the working frequency band of the coupler, the smaller the extension length of the first connection part in the second direction. When the coupler is configured to work at medium and high frequencies (for example: [1.72GHz, 6GHz]), the extension length of the first connection part in the second direction is limited to the range of (0um, 15um). When the coupler is configured to work at low frequencies (for example: [600MHz, 1000MHz]), the extension length of the first connection part in the second direction is limited to the range of (10um, 20um). If the extension length of the first connection part in the second direction is too long, the directivity of the coupler will be deteriorated.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, in each of the coupling line groups, an angle between a first coupling line portion and the first connection portion is within a range of (0°, 180°), and an angle between a second coupling line portion and the first connection portion is within a range of (0°, 180°).

[0073] In at least one embodiment, the angle between the first coupling line portion and the first connecting portion is (0°, 30°),

[0074] At least one item in the range of [30°, 60°), [60°, 90°), [90°, 120°), [120°, 150°), [150°, 180°).

[0075] In at least one embodiment, the angle between the second coupling line portion and the first connecting portion is (0°, 30°),

[0076] At least one item in the range of [30°, 60°), [60°, 90°), [90°, 120°), [120°, 150°), [150°, 180°).

[0077] In at least one embodiment, an angle between the first coupling line portion and the first connection portion is the same as an angle between the second coupling line portion and the first connection portion.

[0078] In at least one embodiment, an angle between the first coupling line portion and the first connecting portion is 90°, and an angle between the second coupling line portion and the first connecting portion is 90°.

[0079] In a specific embodiment, in at least some of the coupled line groups, the area of ​​the first coupled line portion is different from the area of ​​the second coupled line portion. For example, the area of ​​the first coupled line portion is larger than the area of ​​the second coupled line portion, or the area of ​​the first coupled line portion is smaller than the area of ​​the second coupled line portion.

[0080] In at least one embodiment, in each of the coupled line groups, an area of ​​the first coupled line portion is different from an area of ​​the second coupled line portion.

[0081] In a specific embodiment, the area of ​​the second portion is larger than the area of ​​the third portion. The first coupling line portion is disposed adjacent to the second portion relative to the second coupling line portion, and the area of ​​the first coupling line portion is larger than the area of ​​the second coupling line portion.

[0082] In at least one embodiment, when the area of ​​the second portion is greater than the area of ​​the third portion, in the coupled line group, the area of ​​the coupled line portion close to the second portion needs to be greater than the area of ​​the coupled line portion far from the second portion.

[0083] As an example, the area of ​​the second portion is greater than the area of ​​the third portion. The first coupling line portion is arranged adjacent to the second portion relative to the second coupling line portion, so that by making the area of ​​the first coupling line portion greater than the area of ​​the second coupling line portion, the directivity of the coupler can be ensured while improving the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within a wide frequency band.

[0084] In at least one embodiment, the area of ​​the second portion is greater than the area of ​​the third portion, and in each of the coupled line groups, the first coupled line portion is arranged adjacent to the coupled port relative to the second coupled line portion, and the area of ​​the first coupled line portion is greater than the area of ​​the second coupled line portion.

[0085] In a specific embodiment, the area of ​​the first coupling line portion is [200 μm 2 ,1500μm 2 ], the area of ​​the second coupling line portion is within [45 μm 2 ,1000μm 2 ] range.

[0086] In at least one embodiment, the area of ​​the first coupling line portion is [300 μm 2 ,1000μm 2 ], the area of ​​the second coupling line segment is within [75μm 2 ,450μm 2 ] range.

[0087] As an example, the area of ​​the first coupling line portion is [300 μm 2 ,500μm 2 ]、(500μm 2 ,700μm 2 ]、(700μm 2 ,900μm2 ]、(900μm 2 ,1000μm 2 ] at least one item in the range.

[0088] As an example, the area of ​​the second coupling line portion is [75 μm 2 ,100μm 2 ]、(100μm 2 ,200μm 2 ]、(200μm 2 ,300μm 2 ]、(300μm 2 ,400μm 2 ]、(400μm 2 ,450μm 2 ] at least one item in the range.

[0089] In a specific embodiment, the length of the first coupling line portion is greater than the length of the second coupling line portion, and / or the width of the first coupling line portion is greater than the width of the second coupling line portion.

[0090] as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the length L of the first coupling line portion and the length L of the second coupling line portion are the extension distances along the first direction. The width W of the first coupling line portion and the width W of the second coupling line portion are the extension distances along the second direction. The area of ​​the first coupling line portion is equal to the length L of the first coupling line portion multiplied by the width W of the first coupling line portion. The area of ​​the second coupling line portion is equal to the length L of the second coupling line portion multiplied by the width W of the first coupling line portion.

[0091] In at least one embodiment, the length of the first coupled line portion is greater than the length of the second coupled line portion, and the width of the first coupled line portion is equal to the width of the second coupled line portion.

[0092] In at least one embodiment, the width of the first coupled line portion is greater than the width of the second coupled line portion, and the length of the first coupled line portion is equal to the length of the second coupled line portion.

[0093] In at least one embodiment, the width of the first coupled line portion is greater than the width of the second coupled line portion, and the length of the first coupled line portion is greater than the length of the second coupled line portion.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, the length of the first coupling line portion is in the range of [30 μm, 50 μm], and the length of the second coupling line portion is in the range of [15 μm, 30 μm]; and / or the width of the first coupling line portion is in the range of [10 μm, 30 μm], and the width of the second coupling line portion is in the range of [5 μm, 20 μm].

[0095] In at least one embodiment, the length of the first coupling line portion is in the range of [30μm, 50μm], and the length of the second coupling line portion is in the range of [15μm, 30μm]; and / or, the width of the first coupling line portion is in the range of [10μm, 20μm], and the width of the second coupling line portion is in the range of [5μm, 15μm].

[0096] In at least one embodiment, the length of the first coupling line portion is at least one of the ranges of [30 μm, 35 μm], (35 μm, 40 μm], (40 μm, 45 μm], (45 μm, 50 μm].

[0097] In at least one embodiment, the length of the second coupling line portion is at least one of the ranges of [15 μm, 20 μm], (20 μm, 23 μm], (23 μm, 25 μm], (25 μm, 30 μm].

[0098] In at least one embodiment, the width of the first coupling line portion is at least one of the ranges of [10 μm, 12 μm], (12 μm, 15 μm], (15 μm, 18 μm], (18 μm, 20 μm].

[0099] In at least one embodiment, the width of the second coupling line portion is at least one of the ranges of [5 μm, 7 μm], (7 μm, 10 μm], (10 μm, 12 μm], (12 μm, 15 μm].

[0100] In a specific embodiment, the first coupled line portions in at least two of the coupled line groups extend on the same virtual straight line, and / or the second coupled line portions in at least two of the coupled line groups extend on the same virtual straight line.

[0101] In at least one embodiment, the first coupling line portion in each of the coupling line groups extends on the same virtual straight line, that is, all of the first coupling line portions extend on the same virtual straight line (e.g., the first virtual straight line). The second coupling line portion in each of the coupling line groups extends on the same virtual straight line, that is, all of the second coupling line portions extend on the same virtual straight line (e.g., the second virtual straight line). Further, the first virtual straight line and the second virtual straight line are arranged in parallel.

[0102] In a specific embodiment, the areas of the first coupling line parts in at least two of the coupling line groups are the same; and / or the areas of the second coupling line parts in at least two of the coupling line groups are the same.

[0103] In at least one embodiment, the areas of the first coupling line parts in each of the coupling line groups are the same, that is, the areas of all the first coupling line parts in the coupling lines are the same.

[0104] In at least one embodiment, the areas of the second coupling line portions in each of the coupling line groups are the same, that is, the areas of all the second coupling line portions in the coupling lines are the same.

[0105] In this embodiment, by making the areas of the first coupling line parts in at least two of the coupling line groups the same; and / or making the areas of the second coupling line parts in at least two of the coupling line groups the same, the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler in a wide bandwidth can be further improved.

[0106] In a specific embodiment, the first coupling line portions in at least two of the coupling line groups have the same length and / or width; and / or the second coupling line portions in at least two of the coupling line groups have the same length and / or width.

[0107] In at least one embodiment, the width of the first coupling line portion in each of the coupling line groups is the same, that is, the width of all the first coupling line portions is the same. And / or, the length of the first coupling line portion in each of the coupling line groups is the same, that is, the length of all the first coupling line portions is the same.

[0108] In at least one embodiment, the width of the second coupling line portion in each of the coupling line groups is the same, that is, the width of all the second coupling line portions is the same, and / or the length of the second coupling line portion in each of the coupling line groups is the same, that is, the length of all the second coupling line portions is the same.

[0109] In a specific embodiment, as follows Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the coupled line group is configured to be equivalent to a plurality of compensation units 101 connected in series between the main line and the coupled line, and each of the compensation units 101 includes a first compensation capacitor C1 and a first compensation inductor L1 connected in series.

[0110] In at least one embodiment, each coupled line group 101 is configured to be equivalent to a compensation unit, and each of the compensation units includes a first compensation capacitor C1 and a first compensation inductor L1 connected in series.

[0111] As an example, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first part includes five coupled line groups 101 connected in sequence, and the coupled line groups are configured to be equivalent to five compensation units connected in series between the main line and the coupled line. The five coupled line groups 101 are connected in series between the main line and the coupled line in sequence, and each compensation unit includes a first compensation capacitor and a first compensation inductor connected in series.

[0112] In this embodiment, the coupling line group is configured to be equivalent to a plurality of compensation units 101 connected in series between the main line and the coupling line, and each of the compensation units 101 includes a first compensation capacitor C1 and a first compensation inductor L1 connected in series. Within a wide-band range, the sizes of the compensation capacitors and compensation inductors corresponding to different frequency points are different, thereby achieving uniform changes in the compensation capacitors and compensation inductors within the wide-band range, thereby improving the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the wide-band range.

[0113] In a specific embodiment, the coupler is configured such that within the operating frequency band range of [1.42 GHz, 2.69 GHz], the total capacitance value of the multiple first compensation capacitors equivalent to the multiple coupling line groups is within the range of [0.15 pF, 3.5 pF], and the total inductance value of the multiple compensation inductors equivalent to the multiple coupling line groups is within the range of [0.5 nH, 22 nH].

[0114] In at least one embodiment, the coupler is configured such that within the operating frequency band range of [1.42 GHz, 2.69 GHz], the total capacitance value of the multiple first compensation capacitors equivalent to the multiple coupled line groups is within the range of [0.5 pF, 3 pF], and the total inductance value of the multiple first compensation inductors equivalent to the multiple coupled line groups is within the range of [1 nH, 15 nH].

[0115] In at least one embodiment, the larger the operating frequency band of the coupler, the larger the equivalent first compensation capacitor and the first compensation inductor. In this embodiment, when the coupler is configured to operate within the [1.42GHz, 2.69GHz] operating frequency band, the number of the multiple coupling line groups can be changed by configuration, or the area of ​​the first coupling line part and / or the second coupling line part in each of the coupling line groups can be changed, so that the total capacitance value of the multiple first compensation capacitors equivalent to the multiple coupling line groups is within the range of [0.15pF, 3.5pF], and the total inductance value of the multiple first compensation inductors is within the range of [0.5nH, 22nH], thereby improving the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the wide band [1.42GHz, 2.69GHz].

[0116] In at least one embodiment, the coupler is configured such that within the operating frequency band of [1.42 GHz, 2.69 GHz], the total capacitance value of the multiple first compensation capacitors equivalent to the multiple coupled line groups is within at least one of the ranges of [0.15 pF, 0.5 pF], [0.2 pF, 0.4 pF], [0.5 pF, 1 pF], (1 pF, .5 pF], (1.5 pF, 2 pF], (2 pF, 2.5 pF], (2.5 pF, 3 pF].

[0117] In at least one embodiment, the coupler is configured such that within the operating frequency band of [1.42 GHz, 2.69 GHz], the total inductance value of the multiple first compensation inductors equivalent to the multiple coupled line groups is at least one item in the range of [0.5 nH, 5 nH], (5 nH, 10 nH], (10 nH, 15 nH], (15 nH, 20 nH], (20 nH, 22 nH].

[0118] It should be noted that the working frequency band of the coupler is within the range of [1.42GHz, 2.69GHz], including all frequency bands from 1.42GHz to 2.69GHz. For the interval frequency band, as long as the maximum frequency band value is less than or equal to 2.69GHz and the minimum frequency band value is greater than or equal to 1.42GHz, it is within the range of [1.42GHz, 2.69GHz]. For example: [1.5GHz, 2GHz],

[0119] [1.42GHz,1.69GHz] or [2GHz,2.69GHz] are both within the range of [1.42GHz,2.69GHz].

[0120] In a specific embodiment, the coupler is configured to operate within a [1.42 GHz, 2.69 GHz] frequency band, and the number of the coupled line groups is 5.

[0121] In at least one embodiment, when the coupler is configured to operate in the [1.42 GHz, 2.69 GHz] operating frequency band, the number of the coupled line groups is configured to be 5, so as to achieve a uniform change in the compensation capacitance and compensation inductance of the coupler in the [1.42 GHz, 2.69 GHz] operating frequency band, thereby improving the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler in the [1.42 GHz, 2.69 GHz] operating range.

[0122] In a specific embodiment, the second part is configured to be equivalent to a second compensation capacitor, the first end of the second compensation capacitor is connected to the main line, and the second end of the second compensation capacitor is grounded. The third part is configured to be equivalent to a third compensation capacitor, the first end of the third compensation capacitor is connected to the coupling line, and the second end of the third compensation capacitor is grounded. The second compensation capacitor and the third compensation capacitor are mainly used to improve the directivity of the coupler within a wide frequency band.

[0123] In at least one embodiment, the second portion at least partially overlaps with a projection of the main line in the longitudinal direction to form a second compensation capacitor, a first end of the second compensation capacitor is connected to the main line, and a second end of the second compensation capacitor is grounded.

[0124] In at least one embodiment, the third portion at least partially overlaps with the projection of the main line in the longitudinal direction to form a third compensation capacitor, a first end of the third compensation capacitor is connected to the coupling line, and a second end of the third compensation capacitor is grounded.

[0125] In at least one embodiment, the length of the second part and / or the third part is positively correlated with the first compensation capacitance equivalent to the multiple coupling line groups. The larger the first compensation capacitance equivalent to the multiple coupling line groups, the larger the area of ​​the second part and / or the third part, and the larger the capacitance value of the second compensation capacitance and / or the third compensation capacitance equivalent to the second part and / or the third part; thereby, the directivity of the coupler can be further improved while ensuring the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within a wide bandwidth.

[0126] In a specific embodiment, the first coupling line portion is arranged adjacent to the second portion relative to the second coupling line portion, an area of ​​the first coupling line portion is larger than an area of ​​the second coupling line portion, and a capacitance value of the second compensation capacitor is larger than a capacitance value of the third compensation capacitor.

[0127] In at least one embodiment, since the first coupling line portion is arranged adjacent to the second portion relative to the second coupling line portion, the area of ​​the first coupling line portion is larger than the area of ​​the second coupling line portion. Therefore, by making the area of ​​the second portion larger than the third portion, the capacitance value of the second compensation capacitor is larger than the capacitance value of the third compensation capacitor, thereby achieving the goal of taking both the flatness and the directivity of the coupling degree of the coupler into account.

[0128] It can be understood that the capacitance value of the second compensation capacitor equivalent to the second part is positively correlated with the area of ​​the second part. The larger the area of ​​the second part, the larger the capacitance value of the second compensation capacitor equivalent to the second part. Conversely, the smaller the area of ​​the second part, the smaller the capacitance value of the second compensation capacitor equivalent to the second part. Similarly, the capacitance value of the third compensation capacitor equivalent to the third part is positively correlated with the area of ​​the third part. The larger the area of ​​the third part, the larger the capacitance value of the third compensation capacitor equivalent to the third part. Conversely, the smaller the area of ​​the third part, the smaller the capacitance value of the third compensation capacitor equivalent to the third part.

[0129] In a specific embodiment, the area of ​​the second portion is [350 μm 2 ,2000μm 2 ] range; the area of ​​the third portion is [100μm 2 ,1600μm 2 ] range.

[0130] In at least one embodiment, the area of ​​the second portion is between [350 μm 2 ,600μm 2 ]、(600μm 2 ,800μm 2 ]、(800μm 2 ,1000μm 2 ]、(1000μm 2 ,1200μm 2 ] at least one item in the range.

[0131] In at least one embodiment, the area of ​​the third portion is in the range of [100 μm 2 ,500μm 2 ]、(500μm 2 ,800μm 2 ]、(800μm 2 ,1200μm 2 ]、(1200μm 2 ,1600μm 2 ] at least one item in the range.

[0132] In a specific embodiment, the coupler further includes a first extending portion connected to the first portion, and a second extending portion connected to the third portion.

[0133] In at least one embodiment, the first extension portion extends from a first end of the second portion; and the second extension portion extends from a second end of the third portion.

[0134] In a specific embodiment, the first extension portion is configured to be equivalent to a fourth compensation capacitor, which is connected in parallel with the second compensation capacitor, and the second extension portion is configured to be equivalent to a fifth compensation capacitor, which is connected in parallel with the third compensation capacitor.

[0135] In at least one embodiment, by setting the projection of the first extension portion and the coupling line of the adjacent metal layer in the longitudinal direction to at least partially overlap, and the projection area of ​​the second extension portion and the coupling line of the adjacent metal layer in the longitudinal direction, the capacitance values ​​of the fourth compensation capacitor and the fifth compensation capacitor formed can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the odd-mode and even-mode impedances Z of the coupler in each frequency band, and the odd-mode and even-mode impedances Z of the coupler are associated with the coefficient K, and the coefficient K=10 C / 10 , C is the coupling degree. Therefore, by adjusting the longitudinal projection overlap area of ​​the coupling line between the first extension portion and the adjacent metal layer, and the longitudinal projection overlap area of ​​the coupling line between the second extension portion and the adjacent metal layer, the directivity and isolation of the coupler can be improved in a wide band (especially at two frequency points with a large span, for example: [1.4GHZ-2.69GHZ] working frequency band) to meet actual needs.

[0136] In at least one embodiment, the higher the working frequency band of the coupler, the smaller the length of the first extension part and the second extension part, and the lower the working frequency band, the larger the length of the first extension part and the second extension part. In actual application, the length of the first extension part and the second extension part can be flexibly adjusted according to the working frequency band of the coupler, so as to flexibly adjust the capacitance value of the fourth compensation capacitor and the fifth compensation capacitor equivalent to the first extension part and the second extension part, thereby satisfying the directivity and isolation of the coupler within a wide frequency band.

[0137] In a specific embodiment, the first part, the second part and the third part are arranged in a first metal layer, the main line is arranged in a second metal layer adjacent to the first metal layer, and the first part, the second part and the third part at least partially overlap with the projection of the main line in the longitudinal direction.

[0138] In at least one embodiment, the first part arranged in the first metal layer at least partially overlaps with the projection of the main line arranged in the second metal layer in the longitudinal direction, thereby forming a first compensation capacitor and a first compensation inductor connected in series between the main line and the coupling line, and the first compensation capacitor and the first compensation inductor are used to improve the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within a wide bandwidth; the second part arranged in the first metal layer at least partially overlaps with the projection of the main line arranged in the second metal layer in the longitudinal direction, thereby forming a second compensation capacitor connected between the main line and the ground, and the third part arranged in the first metal layer at least partially overlaps with the projection of the main line arranged in the second metal layer in the longitudinal direction, thereby forming a third compensation capacitor connected between the coupling and the ground, and the second compensation capacitor and the third compensation capacitor are used to improve the directivity of the coupler within a wide bandwidth. Therefore, by making the first part, the second part and the third part arranged in the first metal layer, the main line is arranged in the second metal layer adjacent to the first metal layer, and the first part, the second part and the third part at least partially overlap with the projection of the main line in the longitudinal direction, the flatness and directivity performance of the coupling degree of the coupler within a wide bandwidth can be taken into account at the same time.

[0139] In a specific embodiment, the projection of the first portion in the longitudinal direction is a first projection area, the projection of the main line in the longitudinal direction is a second projection area, and the first projection area is within the second projection area.

[0140] In at least one embodiment, the projection of the first part in the longitudinal direction is a first projection area within a second projection area of ​​the main line in the longitudinal direction, so that the equivalent compensation capacitance and compensation inductance can achieve continuous and uniform changes within the operating frequency band (especially within the wide frequency band), thereby improving the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the operating frequency band (especially within the wide frequency band) while ensuring the directionality of the coupler.

[0141] It should be noted that if the projection of the first part in the longitudinal direction is a first projection area outside the second projection area of ​​the main line in the longitudinal direction, the capacitance value of the equivalent first compensation capacitor will be too large, which will not only increase the occupied area of ​​the coupler, but also deteriorate the directivity of the coupler.

[0142] This embodiment also provides a coupler, comprising an input port, an output port, a coupling port and an isolation port, a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupling line extending between the coupling port and the isolation port, wherein the projections of the main line and the coupling line in the longitudinal direction at least partially overlap; the coupling line comprises a first portion connected between the coupling port and the isolation port, the first portion comprises a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, each of the coupling line groups comprises a first coupling line portion and a second coupling line portion, and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion in each coupling line group are connected via a first connecting portion , the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not on the same straight line, and in at least part of the coupling line group, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line extend along the first direction, the first connecting portion extends along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect; thereby, the size of the equivalent compensation capacitor and compensation inductor connected in series between the main line and the coupling line can be changed, so that the equivalent compensation capacitor and compensation inductor can achieve uniform change within the working frequency band (especially within the wide frequency band), thereby improving the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the working frequency band (especially within the wide frequency band), and further optimizing the overall performance of the coupler.

[0143] This embodiment also provides a coupler, including an input port, an output port, a coupling port and an isolation port;

[0144] A main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupling line extending between the coupling port and the isolation port; a plurality of compensation units, the plurality of compensation units are sequentially connected in series between the main line and the coupling line, each of the compensation units comprises a first compensation capacitor and a first compensation inductor connected in series; a second compensation capacitor, a first end of the second compensation capacitor is connected to the main line, and a second end of the first compensation capacitor is grounded; a third compensation capacitor, a first end of the third compensation capacitor is connected to the coupling line, and a second end of the third compensation capacitor is grounded.

[0145] In a specific embodiment, the coupling line includes a second part, a first part, and a third part connected in series between the coupling port and the isolation port, the first part includes a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, each of the coupling line groups includes a first coupling line part and a second coupling line part, the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part in each coupling line group are connected by a first connecting portion; the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line part and the second coupling line part are not perpendicular to each other. It should be noted that the implementation method, function, and principle of the second part, the first part, and the third part in this embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiment, and no redundant description is given here.

[0146] In this embodiment, the coupler includes an input port, an output port, a coupling port and an isolation port; a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupling line extending between the coupling port and the isolation port; a plurality of compensation units, the plurality of compensation units are sequentially connected in series between the main line and the coupling line, each of the compensation units includes a first compensation capacitor and a first compensation inductor connected in series; a second compensation capacitor, a first end of the second compensation capacitor is connected to the main line, and a second end of the first compensation capacitor is grounded; a third compensation capacitor, a first end of the third compensation capacitor is connected to the coupling line, and a second end of the third compensation capacitor is grounded; in this embodiment, by connecting a plurality of compensation units between the main line and the coupling line, each compensation unit includes a first compensation capacitor and a first compensation inductor connected in series, and a second compensation capacitor connected to the ground on the main line and a third compensation capacitor connected to the ground on the coupling line, under the joint action of the plurality of compensation units, the second compensation capacitor and the third compensation capacitor, not only can the coupling degree of the coupler be improved, the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the working frequency band be improved, but also the directivity of the coupler can be optimized.

[0147] like Figure 10-13 As shown in FIG. , it is a simulation effect diagram of the coupler in this embodiment. Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of simulation of the reverse coupling degree of the coupler in this embodiment; Fig.10 The horizontal axis represents the working frequency band, and the vertical axis represents the coupling degree. The three curves (a, b, c) are simulation effect diagrams of the reverse coupling degree performance when different capacitors and resistors are connected between the isolation port and the ground of the coupler in this embodiment. Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of simulation of the forward coupling degree of the coupler in this embodiment; Fig.11 The horizontal axis represents the working frequency band, and the vertical axis represents the coupling degree. The three curves (a, b, c) are simulation effect diagrams of the forward coupling degree performance when the coupler in this embodiment is connected with capacitors and resistors of different sizes between the isolation port and the ground. Fig.10 and Fig.11 It can be seen that not only the forward coupling and reverse coupling have been significantly improved, but also the coupling at each frequency point in the entire working frequency range [1.0GHz, 3GHz] is basically consistent, improving the flatness of the coupling in the wide bandwidth. Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of simulation of reverse directivity of the coupler in this embodiment; Fig.12 The horizontal axis represents the operating frequency band, the vertical axis represents the reverse directivity, and the three curves (a, b, c) are simulation effect diagrams of the reverse directivity when capacitors and resistors of different sizes are connected between the isolation port and the ground of the coupler in this embodiment. Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of simulation of the forward directivity of the coupler in this embodiment; Fig.13 The horizontal axis represents the working frequency band, the vertical axis represents the forward directivity, and the three curves (a, b, c) are simulation effect diagrams of the forward directivity when the coupler in this embodiment is connected with capacitors and resistors of different sizes between the isolation port and the ground. Fig.12 and Fig.13 It can be seen that when different sizes of capacitors and resistors are connected between the isolation port and the ground, the directivity of the coupler in this embodiment is above 10dB (especially in the working frequency band (1.42GHz, 2.69GHz), the forward directivity and reverse directivity of the coupler are both greater than or equal to 15dB), so the directivity is also significantly improved. In summary, it can be seen that this embodiment can not only improve the coupling degree of the coupler and improve the flatness of the coupling degree of the coupler within the working frequency band under the joint action of multiple compensation units, the second compensation capacitor and the third compensation capacitor, but also optimize the directivity of the coupler.

[0148] In a specific embodiment, as follows Figure 8 As shown, the coupler further includes at least one first coupling capacitor C11 connected between the main line and the coupling line.

[0149] In at least one embodiment, the coupler further includes a plurality of first coupling capacitors connected between the main line and the coupling line. In a radio frequency circuit, the higher the frequency, the smaller the first coupling capacitor value is usually required, while the lower the frequency, the larger the capacitance value of the first coupling capacitor is usually required. By setting the value of the first coupling capacitor C11, the directivity and isolation of the coupler in a wide band (especially in two frequency points with a large span, for example: [1.4GHZ, 2.69GHZ]) can be improved to meet actual needs.

[0150] In a specific embodiment, as follows Figure 8As shown, the coupler also includes a fourth compensation capacitor and a fifth compensation capacitor, the first end of the fourth compensation capacitor is connected to the main line, and the second end of the fourth compensation capacitor C12 is grounded; the first end of the fifth compensation capacitor C13 is connected to the coupling line, and the second end of the fifth compensation capacitor is grounded.

[0151] In a specific embodiment, by connecting a fourth compensation capacitor between the main line and the ground, and connecting a fifth compensation capacitor C13 between the coupling line and the ground, the fourth compensation capacitor and the fifth compensation capacitor work together to improve the isolation and directivity of the coupler.

[0152] This embodiment also provides a radio frequency front-end module, including the coupler in the above embodiment.

[0153] The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A coupler, characterized in that: include: Input ports, output ports, coupled ports and isolated ports, a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupled line extending between the coupled port and the isolated port, wherein projections of the main line and the coupled line in a longitudinal direction at least partially overlap; The coupled line includes a first portion connected between the coupled port and the isolated port; The first part includes a plurality of coupled line groups connected in sequence, each of the coupled line groups includes a first coupled line portion and a second coupled line portion, and the first coupled line portion and the second coupled line portion in each coupled line group are connected via a first connecting portion; The first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not on the same straight line, and the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not perpendicular to each other.

2. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that The coupler also includes a second portion connected between the first end of the first portion of the coupled port, and a third portion connected between the second end of the first portion and the isolated port.

3. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that In two adjacent coupling line groups, a first coupling line portion of one coupling line group and a second coupling line portion of the other coupling line group are connected via a second connecting portion.

4. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that In at least part of the coupling line groups, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are arranged in parallel.

5. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that In at least part of the coupled line group, the first coupled line portion and the second coupled line extend along the first direction, the first connecting portion extends along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect.

6. The coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that An extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is shorter than an extension length of the first coupling line portion in the first direction, and / or an extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is shorter than an extension length of the second coupling line portion in the first direction.

7. The coupler according to claim 6, characterized in that An extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is within a range of (0 um, 20 um).

8. The coupler according to claim 7, characterized in that The coupler is configured such that within the operating frequency range of [1.72 GHz, 6 GHz], the extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is within the range of (0 um, 15 um); The coupler is configured to operate within a frequency band of [600 MHz, 1000 MHz], and an extension length of the first connection portion in the second direction is within a range of (10 um, 20 um).

9. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that In at least part of the coupling line groups, an angle between a first coupling line portion and the first connection portion is within a range of (0°, 180°), and an angle between a second coupling line portion and the first connection portion is within a range of (0°, 180°).

10. The coupler according to claim 9, characterized in that In at least part of the coupled line groups, an included angle between the first coupled line portion and the first connecting portion is 90°, and an included angle between the second coupled line portion and the first connecting portion is 90°.

11. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that In at least part of the coupled line groups, an area of ​​the first coupled line portion is different from an area of ​​the second coupled line portion.

12. The coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that The area of ​​the second portion is larger than that of the third portion, the first coupling line portion is disposed adjacent to the second portion relative to the second coupling line portion, and the area of ​​the first coupling line portion is larger than that of the second coupling line portion.

13. The coupler according to claim 12, characterized in that The area of ​​the first coupling line portion is [200 μm 2 ,1500μm 2 ], the area of ​​the second coupling line portion is within [45 μm 2 ,1000μm 2 ] range.

14. The coupler according to claim 11, characterized in that The length of the first coupling line portion is greater than the length of the second coupling line portion, and / or the width of the first coupling line portion is greater than the width of the second coupling line portion.

15. The coupler according to claim 11, characterized in that The length of the first coupling line portion is in the range of [30 μm, 50 μm], and the length of the second coupling line portion is in the range of [15 μm, 30 μm]; And / or, the width of the first coupling line portion is in the range of [10 μm, 30 μm], and the width of the second coupling line portion is in the range of [5 μm, 20 μm].

16. The coupler according to claim 1, wherein: The first coupling line portions in at least two of the coupling line groups extend on the same virtual straight line, and / or the second coupling line portions in at least two of the coupling line groups extend on the same virtual straight line.

17. The coupler according to claim 1, wherein: The areas of the first coupling line parts in at least two of the coupling line groups are the same; And / or, the areas of the second coupling line parts in at least two of the coupling line groups are the same.

18. The coupler according to claim 17, characterized in that The length and / or width of the first coupling line parts in at least two of the coupling line groups are the same; And / or, the lengths and / or widths of the second coupling line portions in at least two of the coupling line groups are the same.

19. The coupler according to claim 1, wherein: The coupled line group is configured to be equivalent to a plurality of compensation units connected in series between the main line and the coupled line, and each of the compensation units includes a first compensation capacitor and a first compensation inductor connected in series.

20. The coupler of claim 1, wherein: The coupler is configured such that within the operating frequency band range of [1.42 GHz, 2.69 GHz], the total capacitance value of the multiple first compensation capacitors equivalent to the multiple coupling line groups is within the range of [0.15 pF, 3.5 pF], and the total inductance value of the multiple compensation inductors equivalent to the multiple coupling line groups is within the range of [0.5 nH, 22 nH].

21. The coupler of claim 1, wherein: In the operating frequency band range of [1.42 GHz, 2.69 GHz], the number of the coupling line groups is in the range of [2, 10].

22. The coupler of claim 12, wherein: The second part is configured to be equivalent to a second compensation capacitor, a first end of the second compensation capacitor is connected to the main line, and a second end of the second compensation capacitor is grounded; The third part is configured to be equivalent to a third compensation capacitor, a first end of the third compensation capacitor is connected to the coupling line, and a second end of the third compensation capacitor is grounded.

23. The coupler of claim 22, wherein: The capacitance value of the second compensation capacitor is greater than the capacitance value of the third compensation capacitor.

24. The coupler of claim 22, wherein: The coupler also includes a first extension connected to the second portion, and a second extension connected to the third portion.

25. The coupler of claim 24, wherein: The first extension portion is configured to be equivalent to a fourth compensation capacitor, which is connected in parallel with the second compensation capacitor. The second extension portion is configured to be equivalent to a fifth compensation capacitor, which is connected in parallel with the third compensation capacitor.

26. The coupler of claim 20, wherein: The area of ​​the second part is [350 μm 2 ,2000μm 2 ] within the scope; The area of ​​the third part is [100 μm 2 ,1600μm 2 ] range.

27. The coupler of claim 1, wherein: The first part, the second part and the third part are arranged in a first metal layer, the main line is arranged in a second metal layer adjacent to the first metal layer, and the first part, the second part and the third part at least partially overlap with the projection of the main line in the longitudinal direction.

28. The coupler of claim 1, wherein: The projection of the first part in the longitudinal direction is a first projection area, the projection of the main line in the longitudinal direction is a second projection area, and the first projection area is within the second projection area.

29. A coupler, characterized in that: include: Input ports, output ports, coupled ports and isolated ports, a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupled line extending between the coupled port and the isolated port, wherein projections of the main line and the coupled line in a longitudinal direction at least partially overlap; The coupling line includes a first portion connected between the coupling port and the isolation port, the first portion includes a plurality of coupling line groups connected in sequence, each of the coupling line groups includes a first coupling line portion and a second coupling line portion, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion in each coupling line group are connected via a first connecting portion, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line portion are not on the same straight line, and in at least some of the coupling line groups, the first coupling line portion and the second coupling line extend along the first direction, the first connecting portion extends along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect.

30. A coupler, characterized in that: include: Input ports, output ports, coupled ports, and isolated ports; a main line extending along a first direction between the input port and the output port, and a coupled line extending between the coupled port and the isolated port; A plurality of compensation units, wherein the plurality of compensation units are sequentially connected in series between the main line and the coupling line, and each of the compensation units comprises a first compensation capacitor and a first compensation inductor connected in series; a second compensation capacitor, wherein a first end of the second compensation capacitor is connected to the main line, and a second end of the first compensation capacitor is grounded; A third compensation capacitor, wherein a first end of the third compensation capacitor is connected to the coupling line, and a second end of the third compensation capacitor is grounded.

31. The coupler of claim 30, wherein: Also included is at least one first coupling capacitor connected between the main line and the coupling line.

32. The coupler of claim 30, wherein: It also includes a fourth compensation capacitor and a fifth compensation capacitor, wherein the first end of the fourth compensation capacitor is connected to the main line, and the second end of the fourth compensation capacitor is grounded; the first end of the fifth compensation capacitor is connected to the coupling line, and the second end of the fifth compensation capacitor is grounded.

33. A radio frequency front-end module, characterized in that: Comprising a coupler as described in any one of claims 1-32.

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